CN108208146A - A kind of ethanol vapor processing unit and preservation method suitable for blueberry storage - Google Patents
A kind of ethanol vapor processing unit and preservation method suitable for blueberry storage Download PDFInfo
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- CN108208146A CN108208146A CN201810113681.0A CN201810113681A CN108208146A CN 108208146 A CN108208146 A CN 108208146A CN 201810113681 A CN201810113681 A CN 201810113681A CN 108208146 A CN108208146 A CN 108208146A
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- blueberry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/144—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor
- A23B7/152—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of gases, e.g. fumigation; Compositions or apparatus therefor in a controlled atmosphere comprising other gases in addition to CO2, N2, O2 or H2O ; Elimination of such other gases
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of ethanol vapor processing unit and preservation method suitable for blueberry storage.The blueberry after picking is pre-chilled 8 10 hours at 4 DEG C including S1. for this method；S2. blueberry is positioned in the device for fumigation equipped with 0.1~2000 μ L/L ethyl alcohol of concentration 24 hours stifling in 4 DEG C；S3. take out it is stifling after blueberry, be sub-packed in after being placed in ventilation 1 hour in polyethylene plastic bag be 90 95% in 1~1 DEG C, relative humidity under conditions of store.The device for fumigation of the present invention has the characteristics that simple in structure, safe and practical, simple processing, material source be wide, at low cost, easy to operation, device size can be configured according to specific sample size, the progress fruits and vegetables suffocating treatment suitable for teaching, scientific research and actual production.The method selection of the present invention is safe and non-toxic, and noresidue, operating process is simple and practicable, the problem of blueberry shelf life is short can be alleviated, under the conditions of 1~1 DEG C, the blueberry handled using the method for the present invention ethanol vapor is 15 20 days longer than untreated blueberry shelf life, is a kind of highly effective and safe easily preservation method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit and vegetable storage and transportation fields, and in particular to a kind of ethanol vapor processing suitable for blueberry storage is fresh-keeping
Method.
Background technology
Blueberry (Vaccinium Spp) also known as blueberry, Ericaceae genus vaccinium.Fruit sweet mouthfeel slightly tart flavour, is rich in
Anthocyanidin, polyphenols have stronger inoxidizability.It reduces blood pressure many studies have shown that blueberry has, pre- anti-cancer,
The effects that protecting eyesight and slowing down aging is one of five big healthy fruit that the World Food Programme generally acknowledges.Blueberry is because of its uniqueness
Flavor and higher nutritive value, favored by consumers in general.However, adopting rear blueberry easily becomes soft rot, room temperature is unloaded goods
The frame phase is only 3-5 days, and this greatly limits the storages, transport and sale of blueberry.Therefore a kind of suitable Blueberry is studied to adopt
Method for storing and refreshing is particularly important afterwards.
At present, in the food industry, ethyl alcohol is a kind of food additives with antibacterial action, studies have found that working as ethyl alcohol
Volume fraction can completely inhibit the sprouting of botrytis cinerea bacterium (Bottry cinerea) spore when reaching 40%.Alcohol treatment
Mainly by inhibit chlorophyll degradation, keep the hardness of fruit, delay tissue aging and control postharvest decay the effects that, to a variety of fruits
Vegetable has good fresh-keeping effect.In recent years, ethanol vapor technology is increasingly being applied to preserving fruit and vegetable utilizing field, and ethyl alcohol is smoked
Steamed journey needs a closed environment, and the glass desicator conduct equipped with rubber plug is used in experimental teaching at present, scientific research
Fumatorium, but glass desicator is easily damaged, volume is big, and internal volume can not be measured accurately.
Invention content
To make up the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of ethanol vapor suitable for blueberry storage and handles fresh-keeping side
Method solves the problems, such as that blueberry shelf life is short, and under the conditions of 0 DEG C, the blueberry handled using the method for the present invention ethanol vapor is not located than
The blueberry shelf life of reason is 15-20 days long.
The present invention uses following technical scheme：A kind of ethanol vapor processing preservation method suitable for blueberry storage, including
Following steps：
S1. the blueberry after picking is pre-chilled 8-10 hours at 4 DEG C；
S2. blueberry is positioned in the device for fumigation equipped with 0.1~2000 μ L/L ethyl alcohol of concentration 24 hours stifling in 4 DEG C；
S3. take out it is stifling after blueberry, be placed in after 4 DEG C of ventilations are divulged information 1 hour and be sub-packed in polyethylene plastic bag, in -1~
1 DEG C, relative humidity is stores under conditions of 90-95%.
Further, in the step S2, concentration of alcohol is 1000 μ L/L.
Device for fumigation structure involved in the above method is as follows：Device for fumigation includes fumatorium and the upper cover for sealing,
The fumatorium is two layers, and upper strata is sample room, and lower floor is volatilization room, by partition board and support rib between sample room and volatilization room
It separates, the partition board is equipped with venthole, indoor equipped with small-sized fans in volatilization.
Further, the material of the partition board is to have the function of the polythene material of moisture-inhibiting.
Further, the small-sized fans are portable rechargeable formula small-sized fans.
Further, the support rib is fixed on the inner wall of fumatorium, and partition board is ridden on support rib.
The present invention utilizes the Fresh Keeping Mechanics of ethyl alcohol, handles blueberry, and research ethanol vapor handles the fresh-keeping effect to blueberry, and
And a kind of device suitable for postharvest fruit and vegetable suffocating treatment is designed according to existing experiment condition, it is a kind of most suitable with reference to this device inventions
Preservation method is handled for the ethanol vapor of blueberry.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The device for fumigation of the present invention is simple in structure, safe and practical, simple processing；Material comes
Source is wide, at low cost, easy to operation；Device size can be configured according to specific sample size, suitable for teaching, scientific research and practical life
Fruits and vegetables suffocating treatment is carried out in production.Ethanol vapor provided by the invention suitable for blueberry handles preservation method, the selection of material
It is safe and non-toxic, and noresidue, operating process is simple and practicable, solves the problems, such as that blueberry shelf life is short, under the conditions of 0 DEG C, uses
The blueberry of the method for the present invention ethanol vapor processing is 15-20 days longer than untreated blueberry shelf life, is a kind of guarantor of highly effective and safe
Fresh method.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure figure of device for fumigation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is device for fumigation separate structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the influence that ethanol vapor handles Blueberry effective storage period；
Fig. 4 is that ethanol vapor handles influence of the Blueberry to respiratory intensity；
Fig. 5 is the influence that ethanol vapor handles soluble solids content in Blueberry；
Fig. 6 is that ethanol vapor handles influence of the Blueberry to anthocyanidin content；
Fig. 7 is that ethanol vapor handles influence of the Blueberry to total phenol content；
Fig. 8 is that ethanol vapor handles influence of the Blueberry to Scavenging action to hydroxyl free radical；
Fig. 9 is that ethanol vapor handles influence of the Blueberry to POD activity.
Reference numeral is as follows in figure：1st, upper cover, 2, sample room, 3, partition board, 4, support rib, 5, volatilization room, 6, small-sized fans.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail, but do not limit the scope of the invention below by the drawings and specific embodiments.Such as without special
Illustrate, experimental method of the present invention is conventional method, and experiment equipment used, material, reagent etc. can be from business canals
It buys in road.
Embodiment 1
A kind of device suitable for postharvest fruit and vegetable suffocating treatment, including device upper cover 1 and fumatorium, fumatorium is by sample room
2, partition board 3, support rib 4, volatilization room 5 form, upper cover 1 can be sealed with fumatorium by snap-fastener, and support rib 4 is fixed on fumatorium
Inner wall, support rib 4 can set it is multiple, for partition board 3 to be ridden over support rib 4.Fumatorium is divided into two regions, upper strata by partition board 3
For sample room 2, lower floor is volatilization room 5, and partition board material is to have the function of the polythene material of moisture-inhibiting and equipped with aperture, and aperture is straight
Diameter is the circle of 5mm.Small-sized fans 6 are equipped in volatilization room 5.The small-sized fans 6 are portable rechargeable small-sized fans.It is described
Plastic preserving box also can be used in fumatorium.
Specifically used method is as follows：
S1. the leakproofness of check device, is put into a small amount of water in the device, and fastening upper cover 1 is confirmed whether there is water leakage, confirms
After good leakproofness, water is poured out and is dried.By the blueberry after picking at -1~1 DEG C, relative humidity 90-95%, precooling 12-15 is small
When；
S2. 0.1~1000 μ L/L ethyl alcohol of concentration is positioned over volatilization 5 bottom of room, it is then quick to open small-sized fans 6, it will
Partition board 3 is positioned over 4 on support rib, and blueberry is positioned over 3 on partition board, fastens upper cover, carries out suffocating treatment 12 hours, and temperature -1~
1 DEG C, relative humidity 90-95%；
S3. take out it is stifling after blueberry, be placed in after 4 DEG C of ventilations are divulged information 1 hour be sub-packed in polyethylene plastic bag in temperature-
1~1 DEG C, relative humidity is stored under the conditions of being 90-95%.
20 μ L/L concentration ethanol suffocating treatment Blueberries (control) of embodiment
460g blueberries are put into the ethanol vapor device containing 0 μ L/L, carry out suffocating treatment, after 24 hours, respectively will
100g blueberries, which are fitted into Polythene Bag, measures breathing, remaining is put into per 30g in a Polythene Bag.In 0d, 5d, 10d, 15d,
20d, 25d measure the physiological metabolism of blueberry and oxidation resistant variation, and whole experiment process is at -1~1 DEG C, relative humidity 90-
It is carried out under conditions of 95%.
Effective storage period is counted with rotting rate height, and it is effective storage period that rotting rate, which is less than 5%, each processing with
Machine counts 30 fruits.
Respiration monitoring：The configuration of gas-chromatography and operating condition：Gas-chromatography is configured with the stainless steel spectrum that colors in and fills column (8700
Type), the 〃 of outer layer 6 ' × 1/4, the 〃 of internal layer 6 ' × 1/8.Carrier gas is He, flow velocity 30mL/min.120 DEG C of injector temperature, the temperature of column are
35 DEG C, the temperature of detection is 120 DEG C, the sample size of pressure 75.6kpa, 1mL, electric current 30mA.Respiratory intensity is according to 1kg
Blueberry (fresh weight) internal respiration in 1 hour is metabolized discharged CO2Volume represent.Unit：mLCO2/(kg·h)。
It is directly measured using hand-held abbe's refractometer.
Total anthocyanidin is extracted from blueberry using 1%HCL- methanol solutions, according to the suction of the methanol extract liquid of anthocyanidin
Spectral characteristic is received, measures its absorbance value, and then and nutgall at a particular wavelength using ultra-violet and visible spectrophotometer
Acidity scale directrix curve compares, and calculates content, and anthocyanidin content is represented by the difference of the light absorption value at 530nm and at 600nm.
Total phenol substance is extracted from blueberry using 1%HCL- methanol solutions, according to the absorption of the methanol extract liquid of total phenol
Spectral characteristic measures its absorbance value, and then and gallic acid using ultra-violet and visible spectrophotometer at a particular wavelength
Standard curve compares, and calculates content, and absorbance value represents the content of total phenol at wavelength 280nm.
Light absorption value at 536nm is measured, calculation formula is：Scavenging action to hydroxyl free radical D%=(A survey-A to) ÷ (A sky-A to)
× 100%.The light absorption value of blank tube, control tube and measure pipe is denoted as A skies, A pairs and A surveys respectively.
1g blueberry samples are taken, are added in 5mL phosphate buffer solutions (PH=6.4), ice bath grinding, 4 DEG C, 12000 × g low temperature
30min is centrifuged, supernatant is taken to measure peroxidase (PPO) activity.
Reaction system includes：0.5mL extracting solutions, 2mL 0.05M guaiacol, 1mL 0.08%H2O2Mixing, enzyme activity list
Position U is with △ OD460nm·min-1·g-1FW expressions, in triplicate.
Embodiment 3：500 μ L/L concentration ethanol suffocating treatment Blueberries
Difference lies in a concentration of 500 μ L/L of ethanol vapor used with embodiment 2 for the present embodiment.
Embodiment 4：1000 μ L/L concentration ethanol suffocating treatment Blueberries
Difference lies in a concentration of 1000 μ L/L of ethanol vapor used with embodiment 2 for the present embodiment.
Embodiment 5：2000 μ L/L concentration ethanol suffocating treatment Blueberries
Difference lies in a concentration of 2000 μ L/L of ethanol vapor used with embodiment 2 for the present embodiment.
After storing 15d, 1000 μ L/L processing groups are rotted less compared to other processing groups, sweet mouthfeel, and the hardness of fruit is kept
Good, epicutile wax is complete, and basic free from extraneous odour.
Respiration is the core of postharvest fruit and vegetable vital movement, with its quality comparison, Postharvest physiological changes and shelf life
Length has close contact.Measurement result shows that three kinds of suffocating treatments can breathe blueberry and generates inhibiting effect, with 1000
μ L/L ethanol vapors processing inhibition is best.
Soluble solid content is one of important component of fruit unique oral sensations flavor, can indirectly reflect blueberry
The aging course of fruit.The Blueberry soluble solid content decrease speed of alcohol treatment is significantly lower than untreated fish group (P
<0.05)。
Anthocyanidin is the nutrient enriching substance of very natural anti-aging, and mass data shows that anthocyanidin is the mankind up to now
It was found that antioxidant in it is most effective, its oxidation resistance is higher by 200 times than vitamin C, and 50 are higher by than vitamin E
Times.It can just detect within 20 minutes that anthocyanidin exists after taking in human body, biological effectiveness is up to 100%.Flower in blueberry
Green cellulose content is high, is the highest fruit of anthocyanidin content in all fruit.Ethanol vapor processing, which has, to be promoted to adopt rear blueberry flower
The effect of green element synthesis, the 1000 more other processing groups of μ L/L alcohol treatment effects are well.
Aldehydes matter has good trophic function and anti-oxidant grade pharmacological activity, and this kind of substance, which also has, to reduce blood pressure,
Soften blood vessel, prevent artery sclerosis and reduce the effect of accumulation of cholesterol.Alcohol treatment can slow down subtracting for aldehydes matter content
It is few.
After ethanol vapor processing, DPPH free radical scavenging activities and the anthocyanidin content of blueberry change correlation.
The more other treatment effects of 1000 μ L/L concentration of alcohol processing are apparent.
Peroxidase (PPO) is a kind of higher enzyme of activity, its photosynthesis with blueberry, respiration and anti-oxidant
Property suffers from close relationship.Peroxidase activity is also used as the index of freshness, in general active high mistake
Oxide enzyme is present in the cell tissue of aging more, and the peroxidase activity in tender tissue is more lower.1000μL/
For L alcohol treatments compared to other processing, the activity of peroxidase is minimum.
In summary every physiological and biochemical index, preservation method using the present invention adopt the respiratory rate of rear Blueberry
It is suppressed, soluble solid, anthocyanidin, total phenol content fall off rate are slowed, and Cell Membrane Injury, after-ripening rate of ageing are subtracted
It is slow, it is preferable with 1000 μ L/L ethanol vapor treatment effects.
The preferable specific embodiment of the above, only the invention, but the protection domain of the invention is not
This is confined to, in the technical scope that any one skilled in the art discloses in the invention, according to the present invention
The technical solution of creation and its inventive concept are subject to equivalent substitution or change, should all cover the invention protection domain it
It is interior.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of ethanol vapor suitable for blueberry handles preservation method, which is characterized in that includes the following steps：
S1. the blueberry after picking is pre-chilled 8-10 hours at 4 DEG C；
S2. blueberry is positioned in the device for fumigation equipped with 0.1~2000 μ L/L ethyl alcohol of concentration 24 hours stifling in 4 DEG C；
S3. take out it is stifling after blueberry, be placed in 4 DEG C of ventilations be sub-packed in polyethylene plastic bag after 1 hour in -1~1 DEG C, it is opposite
Humidity is stored under conditions of being 90-95%.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the step S2, concentration of alcohol is 1000 μ L/L.
A kind of 3. device for claim 1 the method, which is characterized in that the upper cover including fumatorium and for sealing
(1), the fumatorium be two layers, upper strata be sample room (2), lower floor for volatilization room (5), sample room (2) and volatilize room (5) it
Between separated by partition board (3) and support rib (4), the partition board (3) be equipped with through-hole, volatilization room (5) in be equipped with small-sized fans
(6)。
4. device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the material of the partition board (3) is has the function of moisture-inhibiting
Polythene material.
5. device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the small-sized fans (6) are small for portable rechargeable formula
Type fan.
6. device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the support rib (4) is fixed on the inner wall of fumatorium, every
Plate (3) is ridden on support rib (4).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810113681.0A CN108208146A (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | A kind of ethanol vapor processing unit and preservation method suitable for blueberry storage |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810113681.0A CN108208146A (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | A kind of ethanol vapor processing unit and preservation method suitable for blueberry storage |
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| CN201810113681.0A Pending CN108208146A (en) | 2018-02-05 | 2018-02-05 | A kind of ethanol vapor processing unit and preservation method suitable for blueberry storage |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111296556A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-19 | 山东商业职业技术学院 | Fresh-cut fruit and vegetable ethanol fumigation preservation packaging box and preservation method |
| CN112970834A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-18 | 山东商业职业技术学院 | Ultraviolet combined fumigation treatment method for fresh-keeping of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables and device used for method |
| CN113575673A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-02 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Gradient hypoxia cooperative gasification fumigation low temperature resistant saccharification storage method for potatoes |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111296556A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-19 | 山东商业职业技术学院 | Fresh-cut fruit and vegetable ethanol fumigation preservation packaging box and preservation method |
| CN112970834A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-18 | 山东商业职业技术学院 | Ultraviolet combined fumigation treatment method for fresh-keeping of fresh-cut fruits and vegetables and device used for method |
| CN113575673A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-02 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Gradient hypoxia cooperative gasification fumigation low temperature resistant saccharification storage method for potatoes |
| CN113575673B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-06-07 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Gradient hypoxia cooperative gasification fumigation low temperature resistant saccharification storage method for potatoes |
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