CN108206790A - A kind of selection of SDN joint routes and resource allocation methods based on network slice - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种基于网络切片的SDN联合路由选择及资源分配方法,属于通信网络技术领域。该方法为:S1SDN控制器接收用户流传输请求;S2控制器根据用户流资源需求,确定候选交换机集合及候选链路集合;S3建模网络切片及资源分配标识;S4:确定网络切片及资源分配限定条件;S5建模用户流端到端时延及网络负载;S6以用户流端到端时延及网络负载最小化为目标,为各用户流优化确定网络切片策略;S7判断各网络切片是否存在共用交换机及共用链路;S9控制器将网络切片及资源分配策略下发至相应交换机,各交换机根据流表完成用户流的路由及资源分配。本发明以用户流端到端时延及网络负载最小化为目标,实现SDN联合路由选择及资源分配的优化。
The invention relates to an SDN joint routing selection and resource allocation method based on network slicing, and belongs to the technical field of communication networks. The method is as follows: S1 SDN controller receives user stream transmission request; S2 controller determines candidate switch set and candidate link set according to user stream resource requirements; S3 models network slice and resource allocation identifier; S4: determines network slice and resource allocation Restricted conditions; S5 models the user flow end-to-end delay and network load; S6 aims to minimize the user flow end-to-end delay and network load, and determines the network slicing strategy for each user flow optimization; S7 judges whether each network slice There are shared switches and shared links; the S9 controller sends network slicing and resource allocation policies to corresponding switches, and each switch completes user flow routing and resource allocation according to the flow table. The invention aims at minimizing end-to-end time delay of user flow and network load, and realizes optimization of SDN joint route selection and resource allocation.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属通信网路技术领域,涉及一种基于网络切片的SDN联合路由选择及资源分配方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of communication networks, and relates to an SDN joint routing selection and resource allocation method based on network slicing.
背景技术Background technique
软件定义网络(Software DefinedNetwork,SDN)是一种新兴的基于软件的网络架构与技术,可应用于具有大规模、异构化等特点的网络中。SDN的主要特点是控制平面与数据平面分离,逻辑上集中化地控制网络以及通过软件编程实现灵活高效的网络管理与运行维护。SDN将控制平面和数据平面进行分离,可实现网络控制功能在逻辑上集中,极大地简化了路由的管理和控制;采用开放应用程序编程接口控制,可有效缩短业务流的服务时间,提高网络资源利用率。Software Defined Network (SDN) is an emerging software-based network architecture and technology, which can be applied to networks with large-scale and heterogeneous characteristics. The main features of SDN are the separation of the control plane and the data plane, logically centralized control of the network, and flexible and efficient network management and operation and maintenance through software programming. SDN separates the control plane from the data plane, which can realize the logical concentration of network control functions, which greatly simplifies the management and control of routing; the use of open application programming interface control can effectively shorten the service time of business flows and improve network resources. utilization rate.
为了满足网络中多种类型的业务流传输需求,可采用网络切片技术,即在同一物理网络的基础上,利用SDN和网络虚拟化等技术,按需构建多个网络切片,实现对不同用户需求的有效支持,提升用户业务体验。尽管SDN及网络切片可显著提升网络业务支持能力,但SDN网络中的复杂网络架构、网络转发设备异构融合以及多样化业务需求等特性均给路由选择机制以及网络资源分配带来新的问题及挑战。In order to meet the transmission requirements of various types of business streams in the network, network slicing technology can be used, that is, on the basis of the same physical network, use technologies such as SDN and network virtualization to build multiple network slices on demand to meet different user needs. Effective support to improve user experience. Although SDN and network slicing can significantly improve network service support capabilities, the complex network architecture, heterogeneous integration of network forwarding equipment, and diverse service requirements in SDN networks have brought new problems and challenges to the routing mechanism and network resource allocation. challenge.
文献[Alba Xifra Porxas,Shih-Chun Liny,and Min Luo.QoS-AwareVirtualization-Enabled RoutinginSoftware-DefinedNetworks(ICC),2015]提出了一种SDN网络中的多租户管理架构,通过租户隔离、优先级划分和流量分配来满足用户的QoS需求,但该文献未考虑网络负载问题,可能导致部分节点或链路负载过重。文献[粟欣,张黎,龚金金等,一种基于端到端网络切片的用户服务请求选择方法,CN106210042A,2016]提出了一种端到端网络切片的用户服务请求选择方法,通过控制器对用户进行认证与授权,并匹配合适的网络切片,实现用户请求的响应,但该方法未考虑多用户共享物理资源时的资源分配比例。The literature [Alba Xifra Porxas, Shih-Chun Liny, and Min Luo.QoS-AwareVirtualization-Enabled Routing in Software-Defined Networks (ICC), 2015] proposes a multi-tenant management architecture in an SDN network, through tenant isolation, prioritization and Traffic distribution is used to meet the user's QoS requirements, but this literature does not consider the network load problem, which may cause some nodes or links to be overloaded. The literature [Su Xin, Zhang Li, Gong Jinjin, etc., a user service request selection method based on end-to-end network slicing, CN106210042A, 2016] proposes a user service request selection method for end-to-end network slicing. Users authenticate and authorize, and match appropriate network slices to respond to user requests, but this method does not consider the resource allocation ratio when multiple users share physical resources.
综上所述,基于SDN的网络环境中如何综合考虑用户的业务需求,节点、链路容量及传输特性等,实现SDN架构下用户的联合路由选择及资源分配方案,从而降低网络时延、均衡网络负载成为亟待解决的问题。To sum up, in the SDN-based network environment, how to comprehensively consider the user's business needs, node, link capacity, and transmission characteristics, etc., to realize the user's joint routing selection and resource allocation scheme under the SDN architecture, thereby reducing network delay and balancing Network load becomes an urgent problem to be solved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种基于网络切片的SDN联合路由选择及资源分配方法。In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for SDN joint routing selection and resource allocation based on network slicing.
为达到上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种基于网络切片的SDN联合路由选择及资源分配方法,包括以下步骤:A network slicing-based SDN joint routing selection and resource allocation method, comprising the following steps:
S1:软件定义网络(Software DefinedNetwork,SDN)控制器接收用户流传输请求;S1: a software defined network (Software Defined Network, SDN) controller receives a user stream transmission request;
S2:控制器根据用户流资源需求,确定候选交换机集合及候选链路集合;S2: The controller determines a set of candidate switches and a set of candidate links according to user flow resource requirements;
S3:建模网络切片及资源分配标识;S3: modeling network slicing and resource allocation identification;
S4:确定网络切片及资源分配限定条件;S4: Determine network slicing and resource allocation constraints;
S5:建模用户流端到端时延及网络负载;S5: Model user flow end-to-end delay and network load;
S6:以用户流端到端时延及网络负载最小化为目标,为各用户流优化确定网络切片策略;S6: Aiming at minimizing the user flow end-to-end delay and network load, determine the network slicing strategy for each user flow optimization;
S7:判断各网络切片是否存在共用交换机及共用链路,若存在,则执行步骤S8;否则,执行步骤S9;S7: Determine whether there are shared switches and shared links in each network slice, if yes, perform step S8; otherwise, perform step S9;
S8:判断共用交换机及共用链路是否满足交换机和链路资源约束,若满足,则执行步骤S9;否则,为共用交换机及共用链路执行资源分配策略;S8: Determine whether the shared switch and the shared link meet the resource constraints of the switch and the link, and if so, execute step S9; otherwise, execute a resource allocation strategy for the shared switch and the shared link;
S9:控制器将网络切片及资源分配策略下发至相应交换机,各交换机根据流表完成用户流的路由及资源分配。S9: The controller issues network slicing and resource allocation policies to corresponding switches, and each switch completes user flow routing and resource allocation according to the flow table.
进一步,在步骤S1中,所述用户流传输请求的建模为其中,Sk及Dk分别表示第k个用户流的源及目的交换机,fk表示第k个用户流的数据流量,表示第k个用户流的最低传输速率需求,及分别表示第k个用户流的交换机计算资源需求量及存储资源需求量。Further, in step S1, the modeling of the user streaming request is Among them, S k and D k represent the source and destination switches of the k-th user flow respectively, and f k represents the data flow of the k-th user flow, Indicates the minimum transmission rate requirement of the kth user flow, and Respectively represent the switch computing resource requirements and storage resource requirements of the k-th user flow.
进一步,步骤S2中,所述候选交换机集合根据用户流的交换机资源需求确定,即Ni作为用户流k的候选交换机,仅当该交换机的计算资源及存储资源满足用户流k的资源需求,即且以表示第k个用户流的候选交换机集合,即 Further, in step S2, the set of candidate switches is determined according to the switch resource requirements of the user flow, that is, N i is used as a candidate switch for user flow k, only if the computing resources of the switch and storage resources Satisfy the resource requirements of user flow k, that is, and by Indicates the set of candidate switches for the kth user flow, namely
所述候选链路集合根据用户流的链路资源需求确定,即Li,j作为用户流k的候选链路,仅当该链路的带宽资源Bi,j满足用户流k的带宽资源需求,且该链路的发送速率Ri,j满足用户流k的最低发送速率需求即fk≤Bi,j且以表示第k个用户流的候选链路集合,即 The set of candidate links is determined according to the link resource requirements of the user flow, that is, L i, j is used as a candidate link of user flow k, only if the bandwidth resources B i,j of the link meet the bandwidth resource requirements of user flow k , and the transmission rate R i,j of this link meets the minimum transmission rate requirement of user flow k That is, f k ≤ B i,j and by Indicates the set of candidate links for the kth user flow, namely
进一步,在步骤S3中,所述建模网络切片与资源分配标识具体为:令xi,j,k∈{0,1}为用户流k的网络切片标识,若xi,j,k=1,则表示为用户流k所分配的网络切片中包含交换机Ni及链路Li,j,否则,xi,j,k=0;分别表示用户流k占用Ni的计算资源比例及存储资源比例;δi,j,k∈[0,1]表示用户流k占用Li,j的传输资源比例。Further, in step S3, the modeled network slice and resource allocation identifier are specifically: let x i,j,k ∈{0,1} be the network slice identifier of user flow k, if x i,j,k = 1, it means that the network slice allocated for user flow k includes switch N i and link L i,j , otherwise, x i,j,k =0; respectively represent the proportion of computing resources and storage resources occupied by user flow k of N i ; δ i,j,k ∈[0,1] represents the proportion of transmission resources occupied by user flow k of L i,j .
进一步,在步骤S4中,所述网络切片及资源分配限定条件包括交换机流守恒,交换机、链路容量及资源分配限定条件,具体的,交换机流守恒条件如下:Further, in step S4, the network slicing and resource allocation constraints include switch flow conservation, switch, link capacity, and resource allocation constraints. Specifically, the switch flow conservation conditions are as follows:
用户流k的路由源交换机Sk处仅选择一条输出路径,即 Only one output path is selected at the routing source switch S k of user flow k, that is,
用户流k的中继交换机Nj处输入流量与输出流量相等,即 The input flow and output flow at the relay switch N j of the user flow k are equal, namely
用户流k的目的交换机Dk处仅选择一条输入路径,即 Only one input path is selected at the destination switch D k of user flow k, that is,
所述交换机容量限定条件包含交换机计算资源容量与存储资源容量限制条件,建模为:The switch capacity limiting condition includes the switch computing resource capacity and storage resource capacity limiting conditions, modeled as:
用户流占用Ni的计算资源不能超过该交换机的计算资源量,即用户流占用Ni的存储资源不能超过该交换机的存储资源量,即 The computing resources occupied by N i by the user flow cannot exceed the computing resources of the switch, that is, The storage resources occupied by N i by user flows cannot exceed the storage resources of the switch, that is,
所述链路容量限定条件为用户流占用Li,j的链路资源不能超过该链路的带宽资源量,即 The link capacity limitation condition is that the link resource occupied by L i,j cannot exceed the bandwidth resource amount of the link, that is,
所述交换机资源分配限定条件包含交换机计算资源与存储资源分配限制条件,建模为:The switch resource allocation constraints include switch computing resource and storage resource allocation constraints, modeled as:
用户流占用Ni的计算资源分配比例之和不大于1,即 The sum of the computing resource allocation ratios occupied by user streams N i is not greater than 1, that is
用户流占用Ni的存储资源分配比例之和不大于1,即 The sum of the storage resource allocation ratios occupied by user streams N i is not greater than 1, that is
所述链路资源分配限定条件为用户流占用Li,j的带宽资源分配比例之和不大于1,即 The limiting condition for link resource allocation is that the sum of the bandwidth resource allocation ratios occupied by L i,j for user flows is not greater than 1, that is,
进一步,在步骤S5中,系统端到端时延建模为链路传输时延与交换机排队时延之和,即其中,Di,j表示链路传输时延,Di表示交换机排队时延,对Di,j与Di分别建模如下:Further, in step S5, the end-to-end delay of the system is modeled as the sum of link transmission delay and switch queuing delay, namely Among them, D i, j represents link transmission delay, D i represents switch queuing delay, and D i, j and D i are respectively modeled as follows:
建模链路传输时延 Modeling link transmission delay
建模交换机处理数据过程为M|M|1排队系统,得其中,μi表示Ni的业务服务率,λi表示Ni的业务到达率;The data processing process of the modeling switch is an M|M|1 queuing system, and Among them, μ i represents the business service rate of N i , and λ i represents the business arrival rate of N i ;
所述网络负载建模为链路负载与交换机负载之和,即:其中,Ui,j表示链路负载,Ui表示交换机负载,对Ui,j与Ui分别建模如下:The network load is modeled as the sum of link load and switch load, namely: Among them, U i, j represents the link load, U i represents the switch load, and U i, j and U i are modeled as follows:
建模链路负载 Modeling link load
建模交换机负载其中,为交换机计算负载,为交换机存储负载,α为权值系数。Modeling Switch Load in, Calculate the load for the switch, is the storage load of the switch, and α is the weight coefficient.
进一步,在步骤S6中,所述网络切片策略是指在满足网络切片及资源分配限定条件下,分别为各用户流确定网络切片策略,即对各用户流k,令为各流的资源分配策略,以用户流端到端时延及网络负载最小化为目标,优化确定网络切片策略,即: Further, in step S6, the network slicing strategy refers to determining the network slicing strategy for each user flow under the condition of satisfying network slicing and resource allocation constraints, that is, for each user flow k, set For the resource allocation strategy of each flow, with the goal of minimizing the end-to-end delay and network load of the user flow, optimize and determine the network slicing strategy, namely:
进一步,在步骤S7中,所述判断各网络切片是否存在共用交换机和共用链路,即判断是否成立,若成立,则存在共用交换机和共用链路。Further, in step S7, the judging whether each network slice has a shared switch and a shared link, that is, judging Whether it is established, and if it is established, there is a shared switch and a shared link.
进一步,在步骤S8中,所述判断共用交换机和共用链路是否满足交换机和链路资源约束,分别为:Further, in step S8, the judging whether the shared switch and the shared link satisfy the resource constraints of the switch and the link are respectively:
判断交换机Ni的计算资源约束,若用户流占用该交换机的计算资源超过其计算资源量,即则以交换机排队时延及交换机计算负载最小化为目标,优化确定用户流在Nj处的计算资源分配策略 Judging the computing resource constraints of the switch N i , if the user flow occupies the computing resources of the switch exceeds its computing resources, that is Then, with the goal of minimizing the queuing delay of the switch and the calculation load of the switch, optimize and determine the calculation resource allocation strategy of the user flow at N j
判断交换机Ni的存储资源约束,若多个用户流占用该交换机的存储资源超过其存储资源量,即则以交换机存储负载最小化为目标,优化确定用户流在Nj处的存储资源分配策略 Judging the storage resource constraints of the switch N i , if multiple user flows occupy the storage resources of the switch exceeding its storage resources, that is Then, with the goal of minimizing the storage load of the switch, optimize and determine the storage resource allocation strategy of the user flow at N j
判断链路Li,j的带宽资源约束,若多个用户流占用该链路的带宽资源超过链路带宽资源量,即则以链路传输时延及链路负载最小化为目标,优化确定用户流在Li,j处的资源分配策略 Judging the bandwidth resource constraints of link L i,j , if multiple user flows occupy the bandwidth resource of the link exceeds the amount of link bandwidth resource, that is Then, with the goal of minimizing link transmission delay and link load, optimize and determine the resource allocation strategy of user flow at L i, j
进一步,在步骤S9中,所述用户流k的网络切片及资源分配策略即为 Further, in step S9, the network slice and resource allocation strategy of the user flow k is
本发明的有益效果在于:本发明能有效降低网络端到端时延、均衡网络负载,提升网络稳定性。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that: the present invention can effectively reduce network end-to-end delay, balance network load, and improve network stability.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果更加清楚,本发明提供如下附图进行说明:In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration:
图1为根据本发明实施例的示例性通信系统框图;FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为根据本发明实施例的联合路由选择及资源分配流程图;FIG. 2 is a flowchart of joint routing selection and resource allocation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3为根据本发明实施例的应用联合路由选择及资源分配方法的通信示意图。FIG. 3 is a communication schematic diagram of an application joint routing selection and resource allocation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图,对本发明的优选实施例进行详细的描述。The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
SDN采用OpenFlow实现控制功能与转发功能的分离,由控制器完成网络的控制功能。OpenFlow交换机存储流表,以实现数据流的查找和转发。交换机通过OpenFlow协议经安全通道连接至外部控制器,对流表进行查询和管理。流表包括包头域(Header fields,匹配包头多个域)、活动计数器(Counters)、0个或多个执行行动(Actions)。OpenFlow交换机对数据流进行查找,若匹配,则执行相关策略,否则,通过安全通道将数据流转发到控制器,由控制器执行相应决策。SDN uses OpenFlow to separate the control function from the forwarding function, and the controller completes the network control function. OpenFlow switches store flow tables to realize data flow lookup and forwarding. The switch is connected to the external controller through the secure channel through the OpenFlow protocol to query and manage the flow table. The flow table includes header fields (Header fields, matching multiple header fields), activity counters (Counters), and 0 or more execution actions (Actions). The OpenFlow switch searches the data flow, and if it matches, executes the relevant policy; otherwise, forwards the data flow to the controller through a secure channel, and the controller executes the corresponding decision.
图1所示为根据本发明实施例的示例性通信系统框图。在该通信系统中,SDN控制平面包含一个集中式控制器;SDN数据平面包含多个分布式的转发设备,其中,转发设备可以是任何支持SDN协议的路由器、交换机、虚拟交换机等。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an exemplary communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the communication system, the SDN control plane includes a centralized controller; the SDN data plane includes multiple distributed forwarding devices, where the forwarding devices can be any routers, switches, virtual switches, etc. that support the SDN protocol.
图2所示为本发明实施例的联合路由选择及资源分配流程图。实施例中的方法包括以下步骤:FIG. 2 is a flowchart of joint routing selection and resource allocation according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
S201,控制器接收用户流传输请求;S201. The controller receives a user stream transmission request;
S202,确定候选交换机集合及候选链路集合;S202. Determine a candidate switch set and a candidate link set;
S203,建模网络切片及资源分配标识;S203, modeling network slicing and resource allocation identification;
S204,确定网络切片及资源分配限定条件;S204. Determine network slicing and resource allocation limiting conditions;
S205,建模用户流端到端时延及网络负载;S205, modeling user flow end-to-end delay and network load;
S206,以用户流端到端时延及网络负载最小化为目标,为各用户流优化确定网络切片策略;S206, aiming at minimizing the user flow end-to-end delay and network load, and determining a network slicing strategy for each user flow optimization;
S207,判断各网络切片是否存在共用交换机和共用链路,若存在共用交换机和共用链路,则执行S208;否则,执行S209;S207, determine whether there are shared switches and shared links in each network slice, if there are shared switches and shared links, execute S208; otherwise, execute S209;
S208,判断共用交换机及共用链路是否满足交换机和链路资源约束,若满足,则执行S209;否则,为共用交换机及共用链路执行资源分配策略;S208, judging whether the shared switch and the shared link meet the resource constraints of the switch and the link, and if so, execute S209; otherwise, execute a resource allocation strategy for the shared switch and the shared link;
S209,控制器将网络切片及资源分配策略下发至相应交换机,各交换机根据流表完成用户流的路由及资源分配。S209, the controller delivers the network slicing and resource allocation policies to corresponding switches, and each switch completes user flow routing and resource allocation according to the flow table.
图3所示为根据本发明实施例的应用联合路由选择及资源分配方法的通信示意图,以下结合实施例对路由选择过程作具体说明:FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of communication of an application joint routing selection and resource allocation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. The routing selection process is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiment:
(1)数据流f1,f2分别向源交换机S1,S2发送路由请求。(1) The data flows f 1 and f 2 send routing requests to the source switches S 1 and S 2 respectively.
(2)源交换机S1,S2查找到本地流表中不存在匹配流表项,则执行S201,向控制器发送路由请求消息。(2) The source switches S 1 and S 2 find that there is no matching flow entry in the local flow table, and execute S201 to send a routing request message to the controller.
(3)控制器执行S202,确定f1的候选交换机集合与候选链路集合确定f2的候选交换机集合与候选链路集合 (3) The controller executes S202 to determine the set of candidate switches for f1 set with candidate links Determine the set of candidate switches for f2 set with candidate links
(4)控制器执行S203,建模网络切片与资源分配标识。(4) The controller executes S203, modeling network slices and resource allocation identifiers.
(5)控制器执行S204,确定网络切片与资源分配限定条件。(5) The controller executes S204 to determine network slices and resource allocation constraints.
(6)控制器执行S205,建模用户流端到端时延及网络负载,则可得目标函数及 (6) The controller executes S205 to model the user flow end-to-end delay and network load, then the objective function can be obtained and
(7)控制器执行步骤S206,确定f1网络切片策略为设置f1的资源分配策略为f2网络切片策略为设置f2的资源分配策略为 (7) The controller executes step S206 to determine the f1 network slicing strategy as Set the resource allocation policy of f 1 to f 2 The network slicing strategy is Set the resource allocation policy of f 2 to
(8)控制器执行步骤S207,判断出f1和f2存在共享节点N3,没有共享链路,则执行S208。(8) The controller executes step S207, and judges that there is a shared node N 3 between f 1 and f 2 and there is no shared link, and then executes S208.
(9)控制器执行步骤S208,判断共享节点N3是否满足节点资源约束,假设共享节点N3满足节点资源约束,则执行S210。(9) The controller executes step S208 to judge whether the shared node N3 satisfies the node resource constraint, and if the shared node N3 satisfies the node resource constraint, then executes S210.
(10)各交换机执行S210,完成f1和f2的路由及资源分配。(10) Each switch executes S210 to complete the routing and resource allocation of f1 and f2 .
最后说明的是,以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述,但本领域技术人员应当理解,可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变,而不偏离本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that it can be described in terms of form and Various changes may be made in the details without departing from the scope of the invention defined by the claims.
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