CN108199631A - A kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device and method - Google Patents
A kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108199631A CN108199631A CN201810117373.5A CN201810117373A CN108199631A CN 108199631 A CN108199631 A CN 108199631A CN 201810117373 A CN201810117373 A CN 201810117373A CN 108199631 A CN108199631 A CN 108199631A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
- H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2103/00—Controlling arrangements characterised by the type of generator
- H02P2103/20—Controlling arrangements characterised by the type of generator of the synchronous type
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device and methods.Described device includes two orthogonal windings and load, capacitor C1, C2, the C3 being connected with orthogonal winding one of them described, bidirectional thyristor T1, T2, T3 for being used to control capacitor access circuit for being connected corresponding with described capacitor C1, C2, C3；Further include voltage-current detecting modulate circuit, A/D conversion circuits, single chip machine controlling circuit, IGBT group control circuit, zero cross detection circuit, Hall voltage sensor, Hall current sensor, linear optocoupler, phase inverter.The technical solution of a kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device of the present invention and method, can overcome monophase machine that generator is caused when generating pulsating mmf to shake and when voltage waveform distortion is serious, two-phase armature winding is powered generates the defects of magnetomotive force of ovality difference causes generator vibrations and generating efficiency low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to motor control technology fields, and in particular to a kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operation control
Device and method processed.
Background technology
Mobile power or fire-fighting, emergency management and rescue, military mobile generator to be used are needed during field work, largely using small
Type single-phase generator is powered for equipment, and current development trend is that capacity constantly increases.Existing electrical excitation single-phase generator, capacity
Greatly, performance is good, but electro-magnetic motor needs electrical excitation mechanism, increases facility load, and inefficient.It compares, rotor
Body can not only be substantially reduced using permanent magnet material, mitigate quality, moreover it is possible to remove numerous and diverse electrical excitation mechanism, more eliminate and encourage
Magnetic loss, meanwhile, the use of permanent-magnet material can also increase air gap flux density, improve electric efficiency, therefore middle low power is single-phase
Magneto alternator is more and more applied.
But substantially there are major defects for the synchronous generator of traditional single phase stator winding.Generator unit stator it is single-phase
It is pulsating mmf that winding, which flows through the armature reaction MMF generated during single-phase alternating current, which can be decomposed into
The positive sequence magnetomotive force rotated in the forward direction and the negative phase-sequence magnetomotive force reversely rotated, the speed of related movement of wherein negative sequence field and rotor are
Twice of synchronous speed can generate the electromotive force and electric current of twice of fundamental frequency alternation on rotor field coil or iron core, so as to make to turn
Son generates the magnetic field of pulsating, and the magnetic field of rotor pulsating generates a series of odd harmonic electromotive force and electric current, makes in the stator windings
Generator loading output voltage sinusoidal waveform is distorted.Moreover, the meeting of negative phase-sequence air-gap rotating magnetic field and the rotor magnetic rotated in the forward direction
Field interactions generates the alternating electromagnetism torque of twice of fundamental frequency, and motor is made to generate vibration and noise or even influences the peace of generator
Full steady operation；In addition negative sequence field can also generate additional iron losses on rotor, can also be if rotor is electrical excitation structure
The alternating current of twice of fundamental frequency is generated in Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, so as to generate additional copper loss of rotor, the temperature of generator is made to rise raising and effect
Rate declines.
Single-phase electric excitation generator can reduce negative phase-sequence armature reaction MMF by installing Damper Winding on rotor
Influence, therefore the power of single-phase electric excitation generator can be to two megawatts or so.And single phase permanent-magnet generator is in order to ensure
Voltage is more stable when having relatively low voltage regulation factor, i.e. bringing onto load, and rotor is typically designed to Surface Mount magnetic steel structure, rotor magnetic pole table
Face does not have space to install Damper Winding.Even rotor uses embedded magnetic steel structure, because damping conducting bar fever can cause forever
Magnet magnetic property declines, and makes the output voltage of generator further reduce.Single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator will improve capacity, and
Vibration and noise during operation do not influence stable operation and the output performance of generator, it is necessary to find suitable mode and solve to bear
The magnetomotive influence of sequence.At present, following five kinds of methods are widely used to weaken the magnetomotive influence of negative phase-sequence：
1st, using rational skewed stator slot and stator sine windings or 120 degree of facies tract bilayer short distance windings；
2nd, appropriate amplification air gap, while reduce the ratio of notch and air gap；
3rd, change rotor windings parameter, using heavy damping winding (full cage, half cage, 1/4 cage Damper Winding)；
4th, the electrical excitation single phase synchronous generator of brushless excitation is carried out using converse field；
5th, it is in parallel outside again after one in the stator of permanent magnet generator two phase space mutual deviations, 90 degree of windings is in series capacitance
Output single-phase voltage.
Using after sine windings skewed slot technology in measure 1, odd harmonic component is by sine windings in generator output potential
It eliminates, and slot ripples can be pruned by skewed slot so that last EMF waveform deriation ratio reduces, and is greatly improved.It is but negative
Sequence armature reaction MMF does not weaken motor oscillating and influence of noise fundamentally.
Suitably amplify air gap in measure 2, to increase air-gap reluctance, the size of negative sequence field flux density can be reduced.Meanwhile it puts
Big air gap can also reduce the ratio of notch air gap, so as to weaken slot effect, weaken the slot ripples of air gap flux density, be conducive to change
The EMF waveform of kind armature winding, but gas length changes surplus and is limited by motor size, and effect is limited, and makes motor
Power density declines.
Damping slot is opened up in 3rd kind of method using heavy damping the harmful effect that negative sequence field generates is reduced to minimum journey
Degree, heavy damping measure are to have used for reference short-circuit transformer to weaken negative phase-sequence magnetic by the magnetomotive force that vice-side winding coil current generates in fact
The method of field enables the resistance in Damper Winding electric current in winding be made to fall behind nearly 90 degree of its electromotive force, so as to generate much smaller than reactance
The damping magnetomotive force almost opposite with negative phase-sequence magnetomotive force is offset the magnetomotive influence of negative phase-sequence, is reduced using Damper Winding
Irregularity of wave form is one of most efficient method.But the electric current in Damper Winding can make rotor heating serious, influence generator
Efficiency.
The operation principle of 4th kind of method be using single phase synchronous generator backward armature reacting field rotor q axis around
The frequency multiplication electric current induced in group is encouraged oneself after rotating rectifier rectification for d axis winding.The advantages of excitation mode is excitation wire
Road is simple, and excitation is rapid, and self-excitation ability is strong, and good voltage waveform during load can compensate defeated caused by the variation of load automatically
Go out voltage change, steady state voltage regulation is 3~5%.Shortcoming is that the capacity of capacitor is big, is substantially passed by every kilowatt of 15 microfarads
Increase, so when capacity motor is larger, capacitor volume is larger.In addition generator voltage variation is close with rotation speed relation, therefore right
The stability bandwidth and speed change rate of the rotating speed of prime mover are more demanding.
For the 5th kind of measure of single phase permanent-magnet generator, it is in series capacitance the one of 90 degree of windings of space mutual deviation in two-phase
Then parallel running makes the current amplitude of two phase windings equal or close to equal, and biphase current differs 90 degree or close to differing 90
Degree can realize the operation of round or ellipsoid shaped magnetic field, wholly or largely weaken influence of the negative sequence field to generator, not only
The limitation that single phase permanent-magnet generator output power has due to negative sequence field causes and vibrates can be broken through, improves output power, and
It also is able to improve the power density of motor.But the invention does not provide the selection of specific capacitance and seals in the controlling party of capacitance
Method.
First four kinds of above several technical solutions are practical for electrical excitation single phase synchronous generator, but for single-phase
Permanent magnet generator if rotor uses embedded structure, Damper Winding can be installed on rotor core and weakens negative sequence field, but
It is that the fever of Damper Winding can make the permanent-magnet material magnetic property decline even demagnetization on rotor, so as to decline generator performance.
In addition for the magneto of embedded rotor structure, due to saliency, output voltage is bigger with load variation, i.e. voltage
Regulation is bigger, influences voltage stabilization or even is unable to supply certain equipment to voltage-sensitive.But it is surface magnetic for rotor
The above-mentioned technology of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator of steel construction is difficult to realize, because rotor is fitted without Damper Winding in structure
Position.Therefore the single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator output power of surface magnetic steel structure can reach 10 kilowatts or so at present, power
Continue the normal work that mechanical oscillation and its noise after increasing have seriously affected generator.
Invention content
A primary object of the present invention is to overcome at least one defect of the prior art, provides a kind of single-phase permanent
The control device and method of synchronous generator serial capacitors operation can effectively overcome the monophase machine present in the prior art because of production
It gives birth to pulsating mmf and causes to generate ovality when generator vibrations and voltage waveform distortion are serious, two-phase armature winding is powered
Generator is caused to shake for the magnetomotive force of difference and generating efficiency is low, the load that changes in a certain range and is required under power factor
Theoretical optimum series capacitance it is different from the nominal capacitance that actual market supplies the defects of.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device is provided, is wrapped
It includes：Two orthogonal windings and load, capacitor C1, C2, C3 being connected with orthogonal winding one of them described, with the capacitor
C1, C2, C3 correspond to the bidirectional thyristor T1, T2, the T3 that are used to control capacitor access circuit being connected；
It further includes：For detecting the voltage of Acquisition Circuit, electric current and the voltage-current detecting tune for filtering off harmonic wave in circuit
Circuit is managed, for the analog signal of voltage-current detecting modulate circuit acquisition to be converted into the A/D conversion circuits of digital signal,
For receive digital signal and exported outward according to checking result control signal single chip machine controlling circuit, for receiving microcontroller
The output signal of control circuit and the IGBT group control circuit controlled thyristor, the IGBT group control electricity
Road is equipped with the zero cross detection circuit for detecting thyristor both end voltage zero passage；In the voltage-current detecting modulate circuit
Portion is equipped with Hall voltage sensor, Hall current sensor for obtaining voltage and current signal from main circuit, for electricity to be isolated
The linear optocoupler of A/D conversion circuits and the phase inverter for accessing microcontroller external interrupt port are simultaneously accessed in road；It is described
IGBT group control circuit is internally provided with capacitor C1, C2, C3, bidirectional thyristor T1, T2, T3, Hall voltage sensor with
And linear optocoupler.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the A/D conversion circuits use AD7656 chips.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the single chip machine controlling circuit is internally provided with capacitance C4, C5, C6, resistance R1,
R2, crystal oscillator X1 and single chip computer AT X89C51.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the IGBT group control circuit uses bidirectional thyristor T1, T2, T3
Operating passing zero.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the output DOUTA of the P1.2 ports access AD7656 of the ATX89C51, institute
The BUSY of the P1.3 ports access AD7656 of ATX89C51 is stated, P1.4~P2.6 ports access thyristor of the ATX89C51 touches
The output signal of linear optocoupler in control circuit is sent out, the P2.1 ports of the ATX89C51 output a control signal to AD7656
CONVSTA, the ATX89C51 P2.2~P2.4 ports output control signal control IGBT group.
According to another aspect of the present invention, it provides a kind of based on single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operation controlling party
Method, including at least following steps：
S1, voltage-current detecting modulate circuit detection main circuit voltage, electric current simultaneously convert thereof into control circuit and can connect
Small voltage, the low current of receipts, and input A/D conversion circuits；
The continuous analog signal received is converted into digital signal, and input from output port by S2, A/D conversion circuit
Microcontroller；
S3, microcontroller receive the transformed voltage of A/D conversion circuits, current signal, and to power-factor angle and power into
Row calculates, and the capacitance of institute's switching is checked in by capacitance enquiry form, while zero cross detection circuit is controlled to detect thyristor both end voltage；
S4, when thyristor both end voltage zero passage, microcontroller controls thyristor by IGBT group control circuit
System, realizes the operating passing zero to capacitor C1, C2, C3.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, by the way of thuristor throw-in and throw-off, realize that capacitor group combines under varying load
Variation adjust, calculate real work capacitance analysis and solution process be：
It is the positive sequence rotated in the forward direction and the negative-sequence current reversely rotated by two-phase armature winding Current Decomposition, defines positive sequence magnetic
Kinetic potential and the ratio of the ratio, i.e. forward-order current and negative-sequence current of the magnetomotive modulus value of negative phase-sequence, as judgment criteria, ovality；
Taking makes the capacitance of ovality minimum for the preferable optimal capacitance under specific load and power factor command；Take several
Load and its optimal capacitance are represented, is grouped；Come with optimal capacitance in each group and real work capacitive differential quadratic sum size
Weigh the matching degree of each group of selected capacitor combination value and remaining capacitance in the grouping；Quadratic sum minimum is required
Real work capacitance.
As shown from the above technical solution, the present invention has at least one of advantages below and good effect：
A kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device provided by the present invention and method use monolithic
The mode of machine control when so that the single-phase generator is accessed different loads, can access suitable capacitance to eliminate negative phase-sequence magnetic
Kinetic potential；By two phase winding output single-phase resultant currents, the capacity of single-phase generator, while increased control system can be promoted
It is little with winding volume, also the work of single-phase generator is not impacted；By the way of serial capacitors, two-phase synthesis can be made electric
The raw magnetomotive force of miscarriage is subcircular magnetomotive force, is vibrated caused by negative phase-sequence magnetomotive force when existing single-phase generator is run, not only
Energy consumption can be only generated, the shaft of motor can also be damaged, therefore eliminates negative phase-sequence magnetomotive force, the service life of motor can be increased,
The efficiency of motor can also be improved.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, those of ordinary skill in the art are come
It says, without creative efforts, can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of knot of one embodiment of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device of the present invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is voltage of the present invention-current detecting modulate circuit structure diagram；
Fig. 3 is A/D converting circuit structures schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is single chip machine controlling circuit structure diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is IGBT group control circuit of the present invention and zero cross detection circuit structure diagram；
Fig. 6 tables look-up for microcontroller of the present invention controls the program flow diagram of capacitor switching.
The reference numerals are as follows：
1- Hall voltage sensors；2- Hall current sensors；3- linear optocouplers；4- phase inverters.
Specific embodiment
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage to make the embodiment of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
All other embodiments obtained without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, " multiple " are meant that two or more.Term " interior ",
The orientation or state relation of instructions such as " on ", " under " are based on orientation shown in the drawings or state relation, are for only for ease of and retouch
It states the present invention and simplifies description rather than instruction or imply that signified device or element must have specific orientation, with specific
Azimuth configuration and operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
It should be noted that term " first " in description and claims of this specification and above-mentioned attached drawing, "
Two " etc. be the object for distinguishing similar, and specific sequence or precedence are described without being used for.It should be appreciated that it uses in this way
Data can be interchanged in the appropriate case, so as to the embodiment of the present invention described herein.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is described in further detail the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1~6, Fig. 1 is a kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device one of the present invention
The structure diagram of embodiment, Fig. 2 are voltage of the present invention-current detecting modulate circuit structure diagram, and Fig. 3 is the present invention
A/D converting circuit structure schematic diagrames, Fig. 4 are single chip machine controlling circuit structure diagram of the present invention, and Fig. 5 is touched for thyristor of the present invention
Control circuit and zero cross detection circuit structure diagram are sent out, Fig. 6 tables look-up for microcontroller of the present invention controls the program flow of capacitor switching
Cheng Tu.
A kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device of the present invention, including：Two orthogonal windings
And load, capacitor C1, C2, the C3 being connected with orthogonal winding one of them described, phase corresponding with described capacitor C1, C2, C3
Bidirectional thyristor T1, T2, T3 for being used to control capacitor access circuit even, further include：For detect the voltage of Acquisition Circuit,
Electric current and the voltage-current detecting modulate circuit for filtering off harmonic wave in circuit, for voltage-current detecting modulate circuit to be acquired
Analog signal be converted into the A/D conversion circuits of digital signal, for receiving digital signal and being exported outward according to checking result
The single chip machine controlling circuit of signal is controlled, for the output signal for receiving single chip machine controlling circuit and bidirectional thyristor is controlled
The IGBT group control circuit of system, the IGBT group control circuit are equipped with to detect bidirectional thyristor both end voltage
The zero cross detection circuit of zero passage；The voltage-current detecting modulate circuit is internally provided with to obtain voltage and current from main circuit
The Hall voltage sensor 1 of signal, Hall current sensor 2 for isolation circuit and access the linear optical couplings of A/D conversion circuits
Clutch 3 and the phase inverter 4 for accessing microcontroller external interrupt port；IGBT group control circuit is internally provided with capacitance
Device C1, C2, C3, bidirectional thyristor T1, T2, T3, Hall voltage sensor 1 and linear optocoupler 3.
In the present invention, the A/D conversion circuits use AD7656 chips, and single chip machine controlling circuit is internally provided with capacitance
C4, C5, C6, resistance R1, R2, crystal oscillator X1 and single chip computer AT X89C51.The IGBT group control circuit is to double
Operating passing zero is used to thyristor T1, T2, T3.The output DOUTA of the P1.2 ports access AD7656 of the ATX89C51,
P1.4~P2.6 ports access IGBT group control of the BUSY of the P1.3 ports access AD7656 of ATX89C51, ATX89C51
The output signal of linear optocoupler 3 in circuit, the P2.1 ports of ATX89C51 output a control signal to the CONVST of AD7656
P2.2~P2.4 ports output control signal control IGBT group of A, ATX89C51.
It is of the present invention a kind of based on single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors progress control method, include the following steps：
S1, voltage-current detecting modulate circuit detection main circuit voltage, electric current simultaneously convert thereof into control circuit and can connect
Small voltage, the low current of receipts, and input A/D conversion circuits；
The continuous analog signal received is converted into digital signal by S2, the A/D conversion circuits, and from output port
Input microcontroller；
S3, microcontroller receive the transformed voltage of A/D conversion circuits, current signal, and to power-factor angle and power into
Row calculates, and the capacitance of institute's switching is checked in by capacitance enquiry form, while zero cross detection circuit is controlled to detect thyristor both end voltage；
S4, when thyristor both end voltage zero passage, microcontroller controls thyristor by IGBT group control circuit
System, realizes the operating passing zero to capacitor C1, C2, C3.
It is in parallel using three true capacitor groups in the present invention, to adapt to the best electricity of theory corresponding under different loads
Capacitance requirement, and by the way of quick "on off" of thyristor, realize that the variation that capacitor group combines under varying load is adjusted.It is theoretical
Analytic process is as follows：
(1) mathematical model is built, solves the mapping relations of power, power factor and series capacitance size, armature-reaction
Magnetomotive force is generated by armature supply, and armature supply can equally be decomposed into positive sequence and negative-sequence current.The electricity of winding A is obtained by device
Stream, the electric current of winding B can be calculated in the case of fixed capacity device value.Biphase current is respectively：I′A=IAejα, I 'B=
IBejβ, biphase current is separately disassembled into forward-order current and negative-sequence current：
+ 90 ° of β=α；
Positive sequence magnetomotive force and the ratio of the ratio, i.e. forward-order current and negative-sequence current of the magnetomotive modulus value of negative phase-sequence are defined, is made
For judgment criteria, ovality：
Only being taken in the present invention makes the capacitance of ovality minimum for the best electricity of ideal under specific load and power factor command
Hold.Available, the determining relationship of different loads and optimal capacitance using MATLAB programmings.
(2) it chooses 7*6 and represents load, mainstream load and power factor and its corresponding 42 optimal capacitance values.By this
A little data are by capacitance being ranked sequentially and be organized into table from small to large.
(3) grouping matching and calculating optimal capacitance value.Assuming that three real work capacitances (being set as C1, C2, C3), three electricity
The input of appearance and achievable seven capacitor combinations are cut out, if being ordered as from small to large：C1, C2, C3, C1+C2, C1+C3, C2+C3,
C1+C2+C3.It is now that 42 theories are most preferably electric in order to which seven capacitor combination values is allowed preferably to be fitted 42 theoretical optimal capacitance values
Capacitance is divided into 7 groups.Allow mutually there are the combinations of seven capacitances of linear restriction relationship to substitute seven electricity waited in grouping successively
Capacitance, and the grouping being obtained in current default obtains three optimal real work capacitance C1 of whole matching effect,
C2, C3.
(4) in order to whether weigh its corresponding capacitor combination value in the case of known group of interior element number and specific data
Properly, each group of selected capacitance group is weighed using optimal capacitance in each group and real work capacitive differential quadratic sum size
The matching degree of conjunction value and six capacitances in the grouping.42 optimal capacitance values is taken to form one-dimensional matrix Bc, take national nominal
Capacitance forms one-dimensional Matrix C.Three capacitance C are taken from C1i, C2i, C3i, i-th kind of situation is classified as, obtains 7 of three capacitances
Parallel combination value C1i, C2i, C3i, C1i+C2i, C1i+C3i, C2i+C3i, C1i+C2i+C3i。
The difference and S of immediate value in the optimal capacitance and seven capacitances of 42 operating pointsi：
Numerical computations are carried out using matlab programming softwares, find minimum Si, capacitance at this time is the three of selection
A capacitance.
By the optimal capacitance value under different capacity, power factor operating mode there are in tables of data after off-line calculation is good, in case real
Border is tabled look-up use when controlling, and is saved in the line computation time.
Theory analysis and parameter calculate：Take electromotive force En=240V, voltage Un=230V, the self-impedance Z of machine winding1=
10+0.005j Ω, power take 0kw~15kw.Three capacitances that program calculation obtains selection are respectively 146pF, 182pF,
209pF。
Using nominal capacitance：100pF, 47pF are in parallel, and 100pF, 82pF are in parallel, and 150pF, 62pF are in parallel.
This table is inputted in microcontroller, the capacitance enquiry form of inquiry during switching capacitance.
A, B two-phase armature winding of single-phase generator 4 pole, 24 slot are further weakened humorous using double-deck short distance Distributed Winding
Influence of the wave magnetic field to induced electromotive force.A, two phase windings of B spatially differ 90 ° of electrical angles.
In load both ends access Hall voltage sensor 1 and Hall current sensor in voltage-current detecting modulate circuit
2, detection main circuit voltage, electric current simultaneously convert thereof into the receivable small voltage of control circuit, low current, using linear optical coupling
Clutch 3 is isolated.Linear optocoupler 3 exports the branch of external interrupt port one that a branch inputs microcontroller by phase inverter 4
Road inputs modulus conversion chip.
Select core of the AD7656 modulus conversion chips as the analog-to-digital conversion part of single-phase generator serial capacitors control circuit
The heart.By V1, V2 ports input simultaneously for voltage, current signal, by DOUTA ports Serial output after conversion.Chip will be originally continuous
Analog signal be converted into the digital signal of highest 16.Voltage that modulus conversion chip is exported from output port, current digital
Signal inputs microcontroller.
Master controller of the ATX89C51 microcontrollers as thuristor throw-in and throw-off is selected in single chip machine controlling circuit.On P1 winding displacements
The input terminal of port P1.2, P1.3 as signal is each responsible for receiving voltage, current signal and the analog-to-digital conversion after analog-to-digital conversion
The run signal of chip.The voltage signal of P1.4~P1.6 interface thyristors carries out zero passage detection, is thrown for the safety of capacitance
It cuts.The external control port INT0 of microcontroller and INT1 ports connect the phase inverter 4 in load detecting circuit, input load voltage,
The zero cross signal of electric current, for calculating power-factor angle.Output terminals of the port P2.0 and P2.1 as signal on P2 winding displacements, it is defeated
Go out operation of the signal to modulus conversion chip control chip.P2.2~P2.4 outputs are turned on or off signal to IGBT group control
Circuit processed.Delay procedure is added in SCM program, be delayed switching, avoids the unstable frequent switching of circuit.Microcontroller and modulus
Conversion chip uses the clock signal that same crystal oscillator generates.
The signal of input microcontroller P2.2~P2.4 ports in IGBT group control circuit, control bidirectional thyristor T1,
T2, T3 switching.Hall voltage mutual inductor 1 detects thyristor both end voltage, by linear optocoupler 3 and phase inverter 4 by zero passage
Signal inputs microcontroller, controls operating passing zero.Bidirectional thyristor T1, T2, T3 are 147pF, 182pF, 212pF by three sizes
Capacitor group C1, C2, C3 be connected with winding A form circuit.
In conclusion a kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device provided by the present invention and control
Method uses monolithic processor controlled mode, when so that the single-phase generator is accessed different loads, can access suitable capacitance
To eliminate negative phase-sequence magnetomotive force；By two phase winding output single-phase resultant currents, the capacity of single-phase generator can be promoted, is increased simultaneously
The control system and winding volume added is little, also the work of single-phase generator is not impacted；By the way of series capacitance,
Can making the magnetomotive force that two-phase synthesis electric current generates, negative phase-sequence magnetomotive force is led when existing single-phase generator is run for subcircular magnetomotive force
The vibration of cause can not only generate energy consumption, and also the shaft of motor can be damaged, therefore eliminate negative phase-sequence magnetomotive force, Ke Yizeng
Add the service life of motor, moreover it is possible to improve the efficiency of motor.
It should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited in its application to detailed construction and the arrangement side of component proposed in this paper
Formula.The present invention can have other embodiment, and can realize and perform in many ways.Aforesaid deformation form and modification
Form is fallen within the scope of the present invention.It should be appreciated that invention disclosed and defined herein extends in text and/or attached drawing
In mention or all alternative combinations of two or more apparent independent features.Embodiment as described herein illustrates
Know the best mode for being used to implement the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be enable using the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device, including：Two orthogonal windings and load, and wherein
Capacitor C1, C2, C3 that one orthogonal winding is connected, it is corresponding with described capacitor C1, C2, C3 be connected for controlling electricity
Container accesses bidirectional thyristor T1, T2, T3 of circuit；
It further includes：For detecting the voltage of Acquisition Circuit, electric current and the voltage-current detecting conditioning electricity for filtering off harmonic wave in circuit
Road for the analog signal of voltage-current detecting modulate circuit acquisition to be converted into the A/D conversion circuits of digital signal, is used for
It receives digital signal and exports the single chip machine controlling circuit of control signal outward according to checking result, for receiving microcontroller control
The output signal of circuit and the IGBT group control circuit controlled thyristor, in the IGBT group control circuit
Equipped with for detecting the zero cross detection circuit of thyristor both end voltage zero passage；It is set inside the voltage-current detecting modulate circuit
It is useful for obtaining Hall voltage sensor, the Hall current sensor of voltage and current signal from main circuit, for isolation circuit simultaneously
Access the linear optocoupler of A/D conversion circuits and the phase inverter for accessing microcontroller external interrupt port；The crystalline substance lock
Pipe trigger control circuit is internally provided with capacitor C1, C2, C3, bidirectional thyristor T1, T2, T3, Hall voltage sensor and line
Property photo-coupler.
2. a kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The A/D conversion circuits use AD7656 chips.
3. a kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The single chip machine controlling circuit is internally provided with capacitance C4, C5, C6, resistance R1, R2, crystal oscillator X1 and microcontroller
ATX89C51。
4. a kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The IGBT group control circuit uses operating passing zero to bidirectional thyristor T1, T2, T3.
5. a kind of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors operating control device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The P1.3 ports access AD7656 of the output DOUTA, the ATX89C51 of the P1.2 ports access AD7656 of the ATX89C51
BUSY, the ATX89C51 P1.4~P2.6 ports access IGBT group control circuit in linear optocoupler output
Signal, the P2.1 ports of the ATX89C51 output a control signal to the CONVSTA of AD7656, and the P2.2 of the ATX89C51~
P2.4 ports output control signal control IGBT group.
6. one kind is based on single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors progress control method, which is characterized in that including at least following step
Suddenly：
S1, voltage-current detecting modulate circuit detection main circuit voltage, electric current and to convert thereof into control circuit receivable
Small voltage, low current, and input A/D conversion circuits；
The continuous analog signal received is converted into digital signal, and input monolithic from output port by S2, A/D conversion circuit
Machine；
S3, microcontroller receive the transformed voltage of A/D conversion circuits, current signal, and power-factor angle and power are counted
It calculates, the capacitance of institute's switching is checked in by capacitance enquiry form, while zero cross detection circuit is controlled to detect thyristor both end voltage；
S4, when thyristor both end voltage zero passage, microcontroller controls thyristor by IGBT group control circuit, real
Now to the operating passing zero of capacitor C1, C2, C3.
It is 7. according to claim 6 a kind of based on single-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator serial capacitors progress control method, feature
It is, by the way of thuristor throw-in and throw-off, realizes that the variation that capacitor group combines under varying load is adjusted, calculate real work capacitance
Analysis and solution process be：
It is the positive sequence rotated in the forward direction and the negative-sequence current reversely rotated by two-phase armature winding Current Decomposition, defines positive sequence magnetomotive force
With the ratio of the ratio, i.e. forward-order current and negative-sequence current of the magnetomotive modulus value of negative phase-sequence, as judgment criteria, ovality；
Taking makes the capacitance of ovality minimum for the preferable optimal capacitance under specific load and power factor command；Take several representatives
Load and its optimal capacitance, are grouped；It is weighed with optimal capacitance in each group with real work capacitive differential quadratic sum size
The matching degree of each group of selected capacitor combination value and remaining capacitance in the grouping；Quadratic sum minimum is required reality
Border mutual capacitance.
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