CN108195644A - 利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法 - Google Patents

利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法 Download PDF

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CN108195644A
CN108195644A CN201711383225.XA CN201711383225A CN108195644A CN 108195644 A CN108195644 A CN 108195644A CN 201711383225 A CN201711383225 A CN 201711383225A CN 108195644 A CN108195644 A CN 108195644A
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soil
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高磊
任可意
余湘娟
胡艳杰
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Hohai University HHU
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/286Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将干土和水配置为设定含水率的土样;(2)将干土质量0%~4%的石墨烯掺入土样中,并分为n个配比组;(3)针对每组配比的改性土,采用击实法制备m个平行试样;(4)对试样进行饱和后,浸润f小时;(5)对配制的n组试样进行无侧限抗压强度试验,测试试样的无侧限抗压强度值;(6)绘制石墨烯掺量‑改性土试样的无侧限抗压强度关系曲线,得出强度提高幅度最大时,石墨烯的掺量值;(7)绘制不同石墨烯掺量试样抗压强度试验应力‑应变曲线。与现有技术相比,本发明在土中掺入石墨烯,改善了土体结构,提高了土的无侧限抗压强度。

Description

利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法,具体涉及利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法。
背景技术
随着科技的发展,高层及超高层建筑物的不断涌现,对构筑物的地基强度及其稳定性提出了更高的要求,而天然土体较低的强度越来越难以满足现代工程对地基强度的要求。
石墨烯作为土体的加固材料,在能源、电子、生物医学、复合材料和岩土工程等领域都具有广泛的应用前景。目前,石墨烯的制备已逐步实现工业化量产,在其生产、使用过程中,将不可避免地释放大量废弃石墨烯到环境中。研究表明,高强度、低成本的石墨烯作为增强填料,可以提高材料的力学性能,因此若能将废弃石墨烯用于土体改性,不仅能实现废物利用,且对于土体加固工程具有重要的工程应用价值。但目前关于石墨烯改性土的研究尚处于起步阶段。为了使石墨烯能得到合理使用、排放与后期处理,关于石墨烯对土强度性能的影响研究具有十分重要的价值。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的是提供一种利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法,以改善土粒级配,改善土体结构,提高土的无侧限抗压强度。
技术方案:利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将干土和水配置为设定含水率的土样;
(2)将掺量范围为干土质量的0%~4%的石墨烯掺入土样中变为改性土,并分为n个配比组;
(3)针对每组配比的改性土,采用击实法制备m个平行试样;
(4)对试样进行饱和后,浸润f小时;
(5)对配制的n组试样进行无侧限抗压强度试验,测试各试样的无侧限抗压强度值;
(6)绘制石墨烯掺量-改性土试样的无侧限抗压强度关系曲线,得出强度提高幅度最大时,石墨烯的掺量值;
(7)绘制不同石墨烯掺量改性土试样的无侧限抗压强度试验应力-应变曲线,并对结果进行分析。
步骤(2)中,石墨烯为多层石墨烯,其平均晶粒尺寸为5nm,比表面积范围为100-300m2/g。
步骤(3)中,击实法中,将改性土试样分为若干层击实;其中改性土试样在每铺一层时,将击锤提到固定高度击实至设定高度,放下一层土前,将上一层土表面刨毛。
步骤(4)中,采用抽气真空饱和法对试样进行饱和。
工作原理:本发明通过在土里掺入石墨烯,石墨烯的比表面积范围为100-300m2/g,具有极大的表面能和强烈的吸附活性,能够将土颗粒包围;石墨烯填充在土颗粒形成的孔隙中,改性土的土颗粒间的接触方式发生了改变:土颗粒被石墨烯包围隔离,改变了土颗粒之间的键合作用,形成了粘土颗粒与石墨烯之间的新的胶结,出现团粒结构,土粒之间的接触和摩擦主要发生在土颗粒与石墨烯之间。而石墨烯的力学性能使得当土体受到轴向压力的作用时,石墨烯的刚度约束了土体的横向变形,延缓裂缝的扩大,进而提高土体的抗压性能。
由于石墨烯的平均粒径与土颗粒相差数万倍,进而改善了土粒级配,提高了土体的密实度,从微观层面上改善了土体结构,有效提高了土体的无侧限抗压强度。在相同含水率下,石墨烯的掺量越高,改性土的无侧限抗压强度越大,当掺量达到4%时,强度提高最为显著。
有益效果:与现有技术相比,本发明在土里掺入石墨烯,改善了土粒级配,改善了土体结构,提高了土体的无侧限抗压强度。
附图说明
图1是实施例中石墨烯掺量对土样无侧限抗压强度的影响的折线图;
图2为实施例中试样的无侧限抗压强度应力-应变曲线。
具体实施方式
选用工业级多层石墨烯,其物理力学性质见表1;实验用土为粘土,液、塑限分别为32.4%和13.6%,最大干密度为1.63g·cm-3,最优含水率为18.5%。
表1石墨烯的物理性质
试样的制备依据《土工试验规程》SL237-1999进行,粘土经过风干、碾散、过筛等预备程序后,测得风干含水率为3.2%;取干土和水在实验室内配置含水率为最优含水率18.5%的土样,石墨烯的掺量分别为干土重量的0%、0.5%、1%、1.5%、2%、2.5%、3%、3.5%和4%,各相关参数如表2所示,其中每组配比制备3个平行试样。试样制备采取击实法,击样筒高80mm,直径39.1mm。制样时依据干密度为1.5g/cm3的要求分为5层击实,每铺一层土击锤提到固定高度击实至要求的高度,放下一层土前将表面刨毛,制样完成后采用抽气真空饱和法进行饱和,并浸润24h后备用。
表2无侧限抗压强度试验试样参数
对配制的9组试样进行了无侧限抗压强度(UCS)试验,测试各试样的无侧限抗压强度值,所有土样均在测试之前完全浸水24h。本次实验所用仪器为YYW-2型应变控制无侧限抗压仪,控制加载速率为2.4mm/min,直至土样破坏。
不同石墨烯掺量试样的无侧限抗压强度如表3所示。
表3试样的无侧限抗压强度值
如表3所示,石墨烯的掺入增大了土的无侧限抗压强度,其中石墨烯掺量为0%的试样S1的无侧限抗压强度为29.2kPa,而掺量为4%的试样S9的无侧限抗压强度达到了60.4kPa,增长幅度达到了106.8%。以石墨烯掺量为横坐标,改性土的抗压强度为纵坐标,绘制其关系曲线如图1所示,石墨烯掺量对土无侧限抗压强度的影响表现得更为明显直观。结合表3与图1可以看出,改性土的无侧限抗压强度随着石墨烯掺量的增加而增加;当掺量达到4%时,强度提高幅度最大。
图2为不同石墨烯掺量改性土试样的无侧限抗压强度试验应力-应变曲线,从图中可以看出石墨烯掺量高的土样应力-应变曲线位于石墨烯掺量低的土样应力-应变曲线上方。石墨烯改性土的应力-应变曲线在初始阶段表现为上升段,随着石墨烯掺量的增大,土在发生轴向应变后轴向应力的上升速率增加,初始刚度增大,在应力-应变曲线上呈现为曲线初始段的斜率有随石墨烯掺量逐渐增大的趋势。当轴向应变增加到一定程度,应力-应变曲线出现了峰值,并且该峰值应力也随着石墨烯掺量的增加而逐渐增大。达到峰值应力后曲线就进入了下降阶段,逐渐趋于平缓。从整体图可看出,石墨烯掺量越高,下降后的残余应力越大。

Claims (5)

1.一种利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)将干土和水配置为设定含水率的土样;
(2)将掺量范围为干土质量0%~4%的石墨烯掺入土样中,并分为n个配比组;
(3)针对每组配比的改性土,采用击实法制备m个平行试样;
(4)对试样进行饱和后,浸润f小时;
(5)对配制的n组试样进行无侧限抗压强度试验,测试各试样的无侧限抗压强度值;
(6)绘制石墨烯掺量-改性土试样的无侧限抗压强度关系曲线,得出强度提高幅度最大时,石墨烯的掺量值;
(7)绘制不同石墨烯掺量改性土试样的无侧限抗压强度试验应力-应变曲线,并对结果进行分析。
2.根据权利要求1所述的利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述石墨烯为多层石墨烯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述石墨烯平均晶粒尺寸为5nm,比表面积范围为100-300m2/g。
4.根据权利要求1所述的利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,所述击实法中,将改性土试样分为若干层击实。
5.根据权利要求1所述的利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法,其特征在于:步骤(4)中,所述试样采用抽气真空饱和法进行饱和。
CN201711383225.XA 2017-12-20 2017-12-20 利用石墨烯提高土的无侧限抗压强度的方法 Pending CN108195644A (zh)

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Application publication date: 20180622