CN108194552A - Double design methods for strengthening the free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root - Google Patents

Double design methods for strengthening the free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root Download PDF

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CN108194552A
CN108194552A CN201810051131.0A CN201810051131A CN108194552A CN 108194552 A CN108194552 A CN 108194552A CN 201810051131 A CN201810051131 A CN 201810051131A CN 108194552 A CN108194552 A CN 108194552A
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leaf spring
root
thickness
spring
double
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陈海真
周长城
赵雷雷
杨腾飞
杨铖兆
李晓晗
梁宇通
石莹
于曰伟
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Shandong University of Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
    • F16F3/02—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction
    • F16F3/023—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction composed only of leaf springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/02—Springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction; Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant
    • F16F1/18—Leaf springs
    • F16F1/185—Leaf springs characterised by shape or design of individual leaves
    • F16F1/187—Leaf springs characterised by shape or design of individual leaves shaped into an open profile, i.e. C- or U-shaped
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/15—Vehicle, aircraft or watercraft design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/10—Geometric CAD
    • G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2226/00—Manufacturing; Treatments
    • F16F2226/04—Assembly or fixing methods; methods to form or fashion parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2228/00—Functional characteristics, e.g. variability, frequency-dependence
    • F16F2228/06—Stiffness
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/0082—Dimensional tolerances, e.g. play between mechanical elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/40—Multi-layer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2238/00—Type of springs or dampers
    • F16F2238/02—Springs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/06—Power analysis or power optimisation

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Abstract

The present invention relates to double design methods for strengthening the free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root, belong to suspension and lack piece changeable section plate spring technical field.The present invention can be according to leaf spring the piece number, the structural parameters of each leaf spring, elasticity modulus, root and the thickness of end pad, and the design requirement value of the next first leaf spring initial tangential camber of mounting clip and each pre- clamping stress of leaf spring, the free tangent line camber of double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate springs in root is designed.By prototype test it is found that double design methods for strengthening the free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root provided by the present invention are accurate, the design value of the accurately and reliably free tangent line camber of each leaf spring can obtain.It can ensure that first leaf spring initial tangential camber and each pre- clamping stress of leaf spring meet design requirement using this method, improve horizontal product design and reliability and vehicle safety；Meanwhile the design and testing expenses of product are reduced, accelerate product development speed.

Description

Double design methods for strengthening the free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root
Technical field
The present invention relates to vehicle suspensions to lack piece changeable section plate spring, and particularly double reinforcement non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate springs in root are certainly By the design method of tangent line camber.
Background technology
With the implementation of vehicle energy saving and lightweight policy, few piece changeable section plate spring is because with light-weight, stock utilization Height, is increasingly subject to vehicle suspension expert, production enterprise at small without rubbing or rubbing between piece, the advantages that vibration noise is low, and service life is long Industry and the highest attention of vehicle manufacture enterprise, and be widely applied in vehicle suspension system, wherein, in order to meet head Piece leaf spring stress complexity and the requirement for strengthening leaf spring intensity, can be used it is double strengthen the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate springs in root, i.e., first The thickness of the root flat segments of leaf spring, more than the thickness of the root flat segments of other each leaf spring, and it is straight in leaf spring root Increase oblique line section between section and parabolic segment and between parabolic segment and end flat segments, for enhancing leaf spring intensity.Usually In order to improve the design requirement of leaf spring reliability and service life, by the different free tangent line camber of each leaf spring, in mounting clip After tight, first leaf spring or former leaf springs is made to generate certain pre- clamping compression, so as to improve leaf spring reliability and use Service life.However, according to consulting reference materials it is found that since double Rigidity Calculations for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root are complicated, previously The design method of double free tangent line camber of each leaf spring for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root was not provided always.With Vehicle Speed and its continuous improvement to ride comfort requirement propose few piece parabolic type changeable section plate spring higher want It asks, therefore, it is necessary to establish a kind of accurate, reliable double designs for strengthening the free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root Method, to meet fast-developing Vehicle Industry, vehicle ride performance and safety and lack piece parabolic type changeable section plate spring Design requirement improves design level, reliability and the service life and vehicle safety of product；Meanwhile reduce product Product development speed is accelerated in design and testing expenses.
Invention content
Defect present in for the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention be to provide it is a kind of it is easy, Reliable double design methods for strengthening the free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root, design flow diagram, such as Fig. 1 institutes Show.Double reinforcement non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate springs in root are with center mounting hole symmetrical structure, and one hemihedrism clamping structure shows It is intended to as shown in Fig. 2, including, leaf spring 1, root shim 2, end pad 3.The piece number of leaf spring 1 is n, wherein, 2≤n≤5； The width of each leaf spring is b, and elasticity modulus E, half action length is LT, it is by root flat segments, root oblique line section, parabolic Five sections of line segment, end oblique line section and end flat segments are formed, wherein, root oblique line section and end oblique line section are respectively to leaf spring root Booster action is played in portion and end, and root flat segments clamp for U-bolts assembling, the thickness of the root flat segments of each leaf spring It is unequal, i.e., double reinforcement non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate springs in root.The half length of the root flat segments of each leaf spring is L0, root The horizontal length of oblique line section is Δ l1, the horizontal length of end oblique line section is Δ l2, the root of root oblique line section to leaf spring endpoint Horizontal distance l2=LT-L0, the horizontal distance l of the root of parabolic segment to leaf spring endpoint2p=LT-L0-Δl1.The end of each leaf spring Portion's flat segments are non-to wait structures, i.e., the uniform thickness and length of the end flat segments of first leaf spring, the end more than other each leaf spring is straight The uniform thickness and length of section, to meet the requirement of first leaf spring stress complexity.The thickness of the root flat segments of each leaf spring is h2i, throw The root thickness h of object line segment2ip, wherein, h2i>h2ip≥h2il2ip/l2；The end thickness h of parabolic segment1ip, end flat segments Thickness is h1i.The γ of the root oblique line section of each leaf springi=h2ip/h2i, the thickness ratio β of parabolic segmenti=h1i/h2ip, end is oblique The μ of line segmenti=h1i/h1ip.The horizontal length of the end of the parabolic segment of each leaf spring to leaf spring endpoint is l1ip=l2pβi 2, end The length l of portion's flat segments1i=l1ip-Δl2.Root shim 2 is equipped between the root of each leaf spring, root shim thickness is δc。 End pad 3 is equipped between the end of each leaf spring, the thickness of end pad is δe, material is carbon fibre composite, with drop Frictional noise caused by low leaf spring work.Since the stress of first leaf spring is complicated, by the free tangent line camber of each leaf spring, Ensure to assemble the leaf spring initial tangential camber after pre- clamping and meet design requirement；Meanwhile make first leaf spring or former leaf springs by It is pre- to clamp compression, improve leaf spring reliability and service life.The free tangent line camber of each leaf spring is Hgi0, mounting clip is next First leaf spring initial tangential camber be HgC1, the pre- clamping stress of each leaf spring is σi, i=1,2 ..., n.According to plate spring sheet Number, the structural parameters of each leaf spring, elasticity modulus, the thickness of root and end pad, the initial tangential camber of first leaf spring and The design requirement value of the pre- clamping stress of each leaf spring, to it is double strengthen etc. structures formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring each leaf spring from It is designed by tangent line camber.
In order to solve the above technical problems, double reinforcement non-free tangent lines of uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root provided by the present invention The design method of camber, it is characterised in that use following design procedure：
(1) double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root clamp stiffness KiCalculating：
Step A：The pinching end point deformation coefficient G of each leaf springx-FiCalculating
According to leaf spring the piece number n, the width b of leaf spring, elastic modulus E, the horizontal length Δ l of end oblique line section1, root oblique line The horizontal length Δ l of section2；The root of root oblique line section is to the horizontal distance l of leaf spring endpoint2；The root of parabolic segment to leaf spring end The horizontal distance l of point2p；The thickness h of the root flat segments of each leaf spring2i, the root thickness h of parabolic segment2ip, parabolic segment End thickness h1ip, the thickness h of end flat segments1i；The thickness ratio γ of the root oblique line section of each leaf springi=h2ip/h2i, parabola The thickness ratio β of sectioni=h1ip/h2ip, the thickness ratio μ of end oblique line sectioni=h1i/h1ip；The root of the parabolic segment of each leaf spring is arrived The horizontal distance l of leaf spring endpoint1ip, the length l of the end flat segments of each leaf spring1i, to double reinforcement non-uniform thickness formula parabolas in root The pinching end point deformation coefficient G of each leaf spring of type changeable section plate springx-FiIt is calculated, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
Step B：The clamping stiffness K of each leaf springiCalculating
According to leaf spring the piece number n, the thickness h of the root flat segments of each leaf spring2i, the G that is calculated in step (1)x-Fi, it is right The clamping stiffness K of double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in rootiIt is calculated, i=1,2 ..., N, i.e.,
(2) double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root clamp endpoint power F in advanceiMeter It calculates：
According to leaf spring the piece number n, the width b of leaf spring, the distance l of the root of root oblique line section to leaf spring endpoint2；Each leaf spring Root flat segments thickness h2iAnd the design requirement value of the pre- clamping stress of each leaf spring is respectively σi, to double reinforcement roots The pre- clamping endpoint power F of each leaf spring of non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate springiIt is calculated, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
(3) double each leaf spring initial tangential camber H for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in rootgCiReally It is fixed：
According to leaf spring the piece number n, root shim thickness δc, end pad thickness δe, the initial tangential camber of first leaf spring sets Count required value HgC1, the root flat segments thickness h of preceding n-1 pieces leaf spring2i, the end flat segments thickness h of preceding n-1 pieces leaf spring1i, to double Strengthen the initial tangential camber H of each next leaf spring of the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring mounting clip in rootgCiIt carries out true It is fixed, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
(4) it is double to strengthen the non-free tangent line camber H of each leaf spring for waiting structures formula parabola changeable section plate spring in endgi0Design：
According to leaf spring the piece number n, the K that is calculated in step (1)i, the F that is calculated in step (2)i, institute in step (3) Determining HgCi, to the free tangent line camber H of double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in rootgi0Into Row design, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
The present invention has the advantage that than the prior art
For double reinforcement non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate springs in root, do not provided always previously accurately and reliably double Strengthen the design method of the free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root, it is impossible to meet vehicle fast development and to suspension The requirement of few piece changeable section plate spring modernization CAD design.The present invention can be according to leaf spring the piece number, the structural parameters of each leaf spring, bullet The pre- folder of the thickness of property modulus, root and end pad, first next leaf spring initial tangential camber of mounting clip and each leaf spring The design requirement value of tight stress carries out the free tangent line camber of double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root Design.By prototype test test it is found that double reinforcement non-free tangent lines of uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root provided by the present invention The design method of camber is correct, can obtain the design value of the accurately and reliably free tangent line camber of each leaf spring, is strengthened to be double The design of the free tangent line camber of each leaf spring of the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root provides reliable technical side Method.The pre- clamping stress that can ensure that first next leaf spring initial tangential camber of mounting clip and each leaf spring using this method meets Design requirement improves design level, reliability and the service life and vehicle safety of product；Meanwhile reduce product Product development speed is accelerated in design and testing expenses.
Description of the drawings
For a better understanding of the present invention, it is described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is double design flow diagrams for strengthening the free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root；
Fig. 2 is double half clamping structure schematic diagrames for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below by embodiment.
Embodiment one：Certain double width b=60mm for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root, half effect Length LT=575mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa, the half length L for the root flat segments that U-bolts clamps0=50mm, end The horizontal length Δ l of portion's oblique line section1=30mm, the horizontal length Δ l of root oblique line section2=40mm, the root of root oblique line section are arrived The horizontal distance l of leaf spring endpoint2=LT-L0=525mm, the horizontal distance l of the root of parabolic segment to leaf spring endpoint2p=l2-Δ l2=495mm.Leaf spring the piece number n=3, the thickness h of the root flat segments of each leaf spring21=18.5mm, h22=18mm, h23= 17.5mm；The root thickness h of parabolic segment21p=17.5mm, h22p=17mm, h23p=16.5mm, the end thickness of parabolic segment h11p=8mm, h12p=7mm, h13p=6mm, the thickness h of end flat segments11=9mm, h12=8mm, h13=7mm.Each leaf spring Root oblique line section thickness ratio γ1=h21p/h21=0.9459, γ2=h22p/h22=0.9444, γ3=h23p/h23= 0.9429；The thickness ratio μ of end oblique line section1=h11/h11p=1.125, μ2=h12/h12p=1.1429, μ3=h13/h13p= 1.1667；The thickness ratio β of parabolic segment1=h11p/h21p=0.4571, β2=h12p/h22p=0.4118, β3=h13p/h23p= 0.3636.The end of the parabolic segment of each leaf spring is to the horizontal distance l of leaf spring endpoint11p=l2β1 2=109.7mm, l12p=l2 β2 2=89mm, l13p=l2β3 2=69.4mm；The length l of end flat segments11=l11p-Δl1=79.7mm, l12=l12p-Δl1 =59mm, l13=l13p-Δl1=39.4mm.Root shim thickness δc=3mm, end pad thickness δe=6mm.Mounting clip is next First leaf spring initial tangential camber design requirement value HgC1=95mm, the design requirement of the pre- clamping stress of each leaf spring Value is respectively σ1=-37.12MPa, σ,2=0MPa, σ3=41.48MPa.According to leaf spring the piece number, the structural parameters of each leaf spring, The thickness of elasticity modulus, root and end pad, first next leaf spring initial tangential camber of mounting clip and each leaf spring it is pre- The design requirement value of clamping stress strengthens this pair the free tangent line camber of each leaf spring of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root It is designed.
The design method of the free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in double reinforcement roots that present example is provided, Its design cycle is as shown in Figure 1, specific design procedure is as follows：
(1) double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root clamp stiffness KiCalculating：
Step A：The pinching end point deformation coefficient G of each leaf springx-FiCalculating
According to leaf spring the piece number n=3, the width b=60mm of leaf spring, elastic modulus E=200GPa, the level of end oblique line section Length Δ l1=30mm, the horizontal length Δ l of root oblique line section2=40mm.The root of root oblique line section is to the level of leaf spring endpoint Distance l2=525mm；The root of parabolic segment is to the horizontal distance l of leaf spring endpoint2p=495mm.The root oblique line of each leaf spring The thickness ratio γ of section1=0.9459, γ2=0.9444, γ3=0.9429；The thickness ratio μ of end oblique line section1=1.125, μ2= 1.1429 μ3=1.1667；The thickness ratio β of parabolic segment1=0.4571, β2=0.4118, β3=0.3636.Each leaf spring Parabolic segment end is to the horizontal distance l of leaf spring endpoint11p=109.7mm, l12p=89mm, l13p=69.4mm；Each leaf spring The length l of end flat segments11=79.7mm, l12=59mm, l13=39.4mm.The non-uniform thickness formula parabola in root is strengthened to this pair The pinching end point deformation coefficient G of each leaf spring of type changeable section plate springx-FiIt is calculated, i=1,2,3, i.e.,
Step B：The clamping stiffness K of each leaf springiCalculating
According to leaf spring the piece number n=3, the thickness h of the root flat segments of each leaf spring21=18.5mm, h22=18mm, h23= 17.5mm, the G being calculated in step (1)x-F1=95.595mm4/ N, Gx-F2=97.45mm4/ N, Gx-F3=99.146mm4/ N, Strengthen this pair the clamping stiffness K of each leaf spring of the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in rootiIt is calculated, i=1, 2,3, i.e.,
(2) double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root clamp endpoint power F in advanceiMeter It calculates：
According to leaf spring the piece number n=3, the width b=60mm of leaf spring, the root of root oblique line section to leaf spring endpoint it is horizontal away from From l2=525mm；The thickness h of the root flat segments of each leaf spring21=18.5mm, h22=18mm, h23=17.5mm and each The design requirement value σ of the pre- clamping stress of leaf spring1=-37.12MPa, σ,2=0MPa, σ3=41.48MPa, to double enhancing roots The pre- clamping endpoint power F of each leaf spring of the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in portioniIt is calculated, i=1,2,3, i.e.,
(3) double each leaf spring initial tangential camber H for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in rootgCiReally It is fixed：
According to leaf spring the piece number n=3, root shim thickness δc=3mm, end pad thickness δe=6mm, first leaf spring just The design requirement value H of beginning tangent line cambergC1=95mm, the root flat segments thickness h of preceding 2 leaf springs21=18.5mm, h22= 18mm, the end flat segments thickness h of preceding 2 leaf springs11=9mm, h12=8mm is non-to this pair reinforcement end to wait structures formula parabolic type The initial tangential camber H of each next leaf spring of changeable section plate spring mounting clipgCiIt is determined, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
HgC1=95mm,
HgC2=HgC1+(h21+δc)-(h11+δe)=101.5mm；
HgC3=HgC1+(h22+δc)-(h12+δe)=102mm.
(4) double free tangent line camber H of each leaf spring for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in rootgi0Set Meter：
According to leaf spring the piece number n=3, the K that is calculated in step (1)1=132.47N/mm, K2=119.69N/mm, K3= 108.11N/mm, the F being calculated in step (2)1=-241.96N, F2=0N, F3=241.96N, step (3) is middle to be determined HgC1=95mm, HgC2=101.5mm, HgC3=102mm is non-to this pair reinforcement end to wait structures formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring Each leaf spring free tangent line camber Hgi0It is designed, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
By prototype test test it is found that double non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate springs in root of strengthening provided by the present invention are freely cut The high design method of bank is correct, can obtain the design value of the accurately and reliably free tangent line camber of each leaf spring.
Embodiment two：Certain double width b=60mm for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root, half effect Length LT=575mm, elastic modulus E=200GPa, the half length L for the root flat segments that U-bolts clamps0=50mm, end The first leaf length Δ l of portion's oblique line section1=30mm, the first leaf length Δ l of root oblique line section2=40mm, the root of root oblique line section are arrived The horizontal distance l of leaf spring endpoint2=LT-L0=525mm, the horizontal distance l of the root of parabolic segment to leaf spring endpoint2p=l2-Δ l2=495mm.Leaf spring the piece number n=4, the thickness h of the root flat segments of each leaf spring21=17mm, h22=16.5mm, h23= 16mm, h24=16mm；The root thickness h of the parabolic segment of each leaf spring21p=16mm, h22p=15.5mm, h23p=15mm, h24p =15mm；The end thickness h of the parabolic segment of each leaf spring11p=7mm, h12p=6mm, h13p=5mm, h14p=5mm；Each sheet The end flat segments thickness h of spring11=8mm, h12=7mm, h13=6mm, h14=6mm.The thickness of the root oblique line section of each leaf spring Compare γ1=h21p/h21=0.9412, γ2=h22p/h22=0.9394, γ3=h23p/h23=0.9375, γ4=h24p/h24= 0.9375；The thickness ratio μ of end oblique line section1=h11/h11p=1.1429, μ2=h12/h12p=1.1667, μ3=h13/h13p= 1.2, μ4=h14/h14p=1.2；The thickness ratio β of parabolic segment1=h11p/h21p=0.4375, β2=h12p/h22p=0.3871, β3 =h13p/h23p=0.3333, β4=h14p/h24p=0.3333.The end of the parabolic segment of each leaf spring is to the water of leaf spring endpoint Flat distance l11p=l2β1 2=100.5mm, l12p=l2β2 2=78.7mm, l13p=l2β3 2=58.3mm, l14p=l2β4 2= 58.3mm；The length l of the end flat segments of each leaf spring11=l11p-Δl1=70.5mm, l12=l12p-Δl1=48.7mm, l13 =l13p-Δl1=28.3mm, l14=l14p-Δl1=28.3mm.Root shim thickness δc=3mm, end pad thickness δe= 6mm.The design requirement value H of the initial tangential camber of first next leaf spring of mounting clipgC1=90mm, the pre- clamping of each leaf spring The design requirement value of stress is respectively σ1=-28.12MPa, σ2=-9.95MPa, σ3=10.58MPa, σ4=31.75MPa.Root According to leaf spring the piece number, the structural parameters of each leaf spring, elasticity modulus, the next head of the thickness and mounting clip of root and end pad The design requirement value of piece leaf spring initial tangential camber and the pre- clamping stress of each leaf spring is strengthened this pair the non-uniform thickness formula in root and is become The free tangent line camber of each leaf spring of taper leaf spring is designed.
Using the adaptation design method and step identical with embodiment one, the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type in root is strengthened to this pair The free tangent line camber of each leaf spring of changeable section plate spring is designed, and specific design procedure is as follows：
(1) double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root clamp stiffness KiCalculating：
Step A：The pinching end point deformation coefficient G of each leaf springx-FCalculating
According to leaf spring the piece number n=4, the width b=60mm of leaf spring, elastic modulus E=200GPa, the level of end oblique line section Length Δ l1=30mm, the horizontal length Δ l of root oblique line section2=40mm.The root of root oblique line section is to the level of leaf spring endpoint Distance l2=525mm；The root of parabolic segment is to the horizontal distance l of leaf spring endpoint2p=495mm.The root oblique line of each leaf spring The thickness ratio γ of section1=0.9412, γ2=0.9394, γ3=0.9375, γ4=0.9375；The thickness ratio μ of end oblique line section1 =1.1429, μ2=1.1667, μ3=1.2, μ4=1.2；The thickness ratio β of parabolic segment1=0.4375, β2=0.3871, β3= 0.3333, β4=0.3333.The end of the parabolic segment of each leaf spring is to the horizontal distance l of leaf spring endpoint11p=100.5mm, l12p=78.7mm, l13p=58.3mm, l14p=58.3mm；The length l of the end flat segments of each leaf spring11=70.5mm, l12 =48.7mm, l13=28.3mm, l14=28.3mm.The each of the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root is strengthened to this pair The pinching end point deformation coefficient G of piece leaf springx-FiIt is calculated, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
Step B：The clamping stiffness K of each leaf springiCalculating
According to leaf spring the piece number n=4, the thickness h of the root flat segments of each leaf spring2=16mm, step are calculated in (1) Gx-F1=97.562mm4/ N, Gx-F2=99.568mm4/ N, Gx-F3=101.37mm4/ N, Gx-F4=101.37mm4/ N, to this pair Strengthen the clamping stiffness K of each leaf spring of the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in rootiIt is calculated, i=1,2 ..., n, I.e.
(2) double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root clamp endpoint power F in advanceiMeter It calculates：
According to leaf spring the piece number n=4, the width b=60mm of leaf spring, the root of root oblique line section to leaf spring endpoint it is horizontal away from From l2=525mm；The thickness h of the root flat segments of each leaf spring21=17mm, h22=16.5mm, h23=16mm, h24=16mm, And the design requirement value of the pre- clamping stress of each leaf spring is respectively σ1=-28.12MPa, σ2=-9.95MPa, σ3= 10.58MPa σ4=31.75MPa, to this pair strengthen the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root each leaf spring it is pre- Clamp endpoint power FiIt is calculated, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
(3) double each leaf spring initial tangential camber H for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in rootgCiReally It is fixed：
According to leaf spring the piece number n=4, root shim thickness δc=3mm, end pad thickness δe=6mm, first leaf spring just The design requirement value H of beginning tangent line cambergC1=90mm, the root flat segments thickness h of preceding 3 leaf springs21=17mm, h22= 16.5mm h23=16mm, the end flat segments thickness h of preceding 3 leaf springs11=8mm, h12=7mm, h13=6mm strengthens this pair The initial tangential camber H of the non-each leaf spring for waiting structures formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring mounting clip next in endgCiIt is determined, i =1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
HgC1=90mm,
HgC2=HgC1+(h21+δc)-(h11+δe)=96mm,
HgC3=HgC1+(h22+δc)-(h12+δe)=96.5mm,
HgC4=HgC1+(h23+δc)-(h13+δe)=97mm.
(4) double free tangent line camber H of each leaf spring for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in rootgi0Set Meter：
According to leaf spring the piece number n=4, the K that is calculated in step (1)1=100.72N/mm, K2=90.233N/mm, K3= 80.809N/mm K4=80.809N/mm, the F being calculated in step (2)1=-154.81N, F2=-51.6N, F3= 51.6N F4=154.81N, identified H in step (3)gC1=90mm, HgC2=96mm, HgC3=96.5mm, HgC4=97mm, The free tangent line camber H of each leaf spring of structures formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring such as non-to this pair reinforcement endgi0It is set respectively Meter, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
By prototype test test it is found that double non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate springs in root of strengthening provided by the present invention are freely cut The high design method of bank is correct, can obtain the design value of the accurately and reliably free tangent line camber of each leaf spring, is added to be double The design of the free tangent line camber of each leaf spring of the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in strong root provides reliable technology Method.The pre- clamping stress that can ensure that first next leaf spring initial tangential camber of mounting clip and each leaf spring using this method expires Sufficient design requirement improves the design level of product and reliability and vehicle safety；Meanwhile reduce the design and examination of product Expense is tested, accelerates product development speed.

Claims (1)

1. the design method of pair reinforcement free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root, wherein, the half of each leaf spring Action length is made of five sections of root flat segments, root oblique line section, parabolic segment, end oblique line section and end flat segments, Root flat segments for U-bolts assembling clamp, the thickness of the root flat segments of each leaf spring is unequal, root oblique line section and End oblique line section plays booster action to leaf spring root and end respectively, i.e., double reinforcement non-uniform thickness formulas in root are lacked the change of piece parabolic type and cut Panel spring；The free tangent line camber of piece leaf spring decides first next leaf spring initial tangential camber of mounting clip and each leaf spring Pre- clamping stress；According to leaf spring the piece number, the structural parameters of each leaf spring, elasticity modulus, the thickness and dress of root and end pad With the first leaf spring initial tangential camber and the design requirement value of each pre- clamping stress of leaf spring after clamping, to structures formulas such as double reinforcements The free tangent line camber of each leaf spring of few piece parabolic type changeable section plate spring is designed, it is characterised in that is used and is set in detail below Count step：
(1) double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root clamp stiffness KiCalculating：
Step A：The pinching end point deformation coefficient G of each leaf springx-FiCalculating
According to leaf spring the piece number n, the width b of leaf spring, elastic modulus E, the horizontal length Δ l of end oblique line section1, root oblique line section Horizontal length Δ l2；The root of root oblique line section is to the horizontal distance l of leaf spring endpoint2；The root of parabolic segment is to leaf spring endpoint Horizontal distance l2p；The thickness h of the root flat segments of each leaf spring2i, the root thickness h of parabolic segment2ip, the end of parabolic segment Thickness h1ip, the thickness h of end flat segments1i；The thickness ratio γ of the root oblique line section of each leaf springi=h2ip/h2i, parabolic segment Thickness ratio βi=h1ip/h2ip, the thickness ratio μ of end oblique line sectioni=h1i/h1ip；The root of the parabolic segment of each leaf spring is to leaf spring The horizontal distance l of endpoint1ip, the length l of the end flat segments of each leaf spring1i, the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type in double reinforcement roots is become The pinching end point deformation coefficient G of each leaf spring of taper leaf springx-FiIt is calculated, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
Step B：The clamping stiffness K of each leaf springiCalculating
According to leaf spring the piece number n, the thickness h of the root flat segments of each leaf spring2i, the G that is calculated in step (1)x-Fi, add to double The clamping stiffness K of each leaf spring of the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in strong rootiIt is calculated, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
(2) double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in root clamp endpoint power F in advanceiCalculating：
According to leaf spring the piece number n, the width b of leaf spring, the distance l of the root of root oblique line section to leaf spring endpoint2；The root of each leaf spring The thickness h of portion's flat segments2iAnd the design requirement value of the pre- clamping stress of each leaf spring is respectively σi, non-to double reinforcement roots etc. The pre- clamping endpoint power F of each leaf spring of thick formula parabolic type changeable section plate springiIt is calculated, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
(3) double each leaf spring initial tangential camber H for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in rootgCiDetermine：
According to leaf spring the piece number n, root shim thickness δc, end pad thickness δe, the design of the initial tangential camber of first leaf spring will Evaluation HgC1, the root flat segments thickness h of preceding n-1 pieces leaf spring2i, the end flat segments thickness h of preceding n-1 pieces leaf spring1i, to double reinforcements The initial tangential camber H of each next leaf spring of the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring mounting clip in rootgCiIt is determined, i =1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
(4) it is double to strengthen the non-free tangent line camber H of each leaf spring for waiting structures formula parabola changeable section plate spring in endgi0Design：
According to leaf spring the piece number n, the K that is calculated in step (1)i, the F that is calculated in step (2)i, step (3) is middle to be determined HgCi, to the free tangent line camber H of double each leaf springs for strengthening the non-uniform thickness formula parabolic type changeable section plate spring in rootgi0It is set Meter, i=1,2 ..., n, i.e.,
CN201810051131.0A 2018-01-19 2018-01-19 Double design methods for strengthening the free tangent line camber of the non-uniform thickness formula changeable section plate spring in root Withdrawn CN108194552A (en)

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Application publication date: 20180622