CN108192010B - Viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108192010B CN108192010B CN201711472770.6A CN201711472770A CN108192010B CN 108192010 B CN108192010 B CN 108192010B CN 201711472770 A CN201711472770 A CN 201711472770A CN 108192010 B CN108192010 B CN 108192010B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
- C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
- C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F216/16—Monomers containing no hetero atoms other than the ether oxygen
- C08F216/18—Acyclic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/2688—Copolymers containing at least three different monomers
- C04B24/2694—Copolymers containing at least three different monomers containing polyether side chains
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/30—Water reducers, plasticisers, air-entrainers, flow improvers
- C04B2103/302—Water reducers
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Abstract
The invention provides a viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducer and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of concrete admixtures. The technical scheme is that the water reducing agent is essentially prepared by copolymerizing unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer, unsaturated acid monomer and ester group-containing modified monomer under the action of a redox system and a chain transfer agent, wherein the ester group-containing modified monomer is an esterified product of salicylic acid and maleic anhydride. The viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducer synthesized by the invention has the advantages of simple process, low cost, easy operation, good dispersibility and dispersion retentivity, and capability of meeting the requirement of long-distance transportation; when the viscosity reducing agent is applied to high-performance concrete, the viscosity reducing effect is obvious, the viscosity of high-grade concrete can be effectively reduced, the slump retentivity of the concrete is improved, the rheological property and the working performance of the concrete are improved, and the viscosity reducing agent is particularly suitable for preparing high-strength, ultrahigh-strength and self-compacting concrete. In addition, the cement has wide adaptability to different cements and aggregates.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cement dispersant, in particular to a viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducer and a preparation method thereof. Belongs to the technical field of concrete admixtures.
Background
Concrete is increasingly being used as one of four major building construction materials. In recent years, with the increase of the infrastructure of China, high-grade concrete gradually enters the construction market by the characteristics of high strength, good integrity and small self weight, and is particularly used in bridge engineering in large quantity. In order to enable the concrete to reach high strength or ultrahigh strength grade, a large amount of cementing materials and a low water-cement ratio are needed, so that the problems of high viscosity and low flowing speed of high-grade concrete are caused, the construction difficulty is high, and particularly the high viscosity problem of ultrahigh-strength concrete is particularly serious in pumping construction in China and engineering accidents are frequent. The polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent has high water reducing rate, can effectively reduce the water consumption of concrete, but can not solve the problem of high concrete viscosity caused by low water-cement ratio.
Therefore, the research on the novel viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducer has great significance. The application number 201410453626.8 discloses a viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent and a preparation method thereof, wherein the viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is prepared by carrying out copolymerization reaction on 7-16% of unsaturated acid or unsaturated acid derivative monomer a, 80-92% of prenyl polyoxyethylene ether monomer b with the relative molecular mass M of 600-5000 and 6-13% of glycol ester monomer c in an aqueous solution at the temperature of 10-60 ℃ under the action of an oxidation reduction system and a chain transfer agent, and regulating the pH to 6.8 by using a pH value regulator to obtain a copolymerization reactant, wherein the sum of the weight of the monomers a, b and c is 1. The water reducing agent can effectively reduce the slurry viscosity of low-water-cement-ratio high-strength concrete, has the effect of keeping the slump and the fluidity of the concrete for a long time without being compounded with a high slump-retaining polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, but still has the problems of high synthesis cost, poor adaptability with cement and aggregate, relatively unsatisfactory viscosity reduction effect and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducer and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a novel viscosity-reduction polycarboxylic acid water reducer is synthesized by copolymerizing an unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer, an unsaturated acid monomer and an ester group-containing modified monomer, and aims to solve the problems of high viscosity, poor concrete state, segregation bleeding, bottom scraping and the like of a conventional product during mixing concrete.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the viscosity reduction type polycarboxylic acid water reducer is characterized by being prepared by copolymerizing an unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer, an unsaturated acid monomer and an ester group-containing modified monomer under the action of a redox system and a chain transfer agent, and is represented by a general formula (1):
in the formula, a, b and c respectively correspond to the structural unit numbers of three raw materials, namely an ester group-containing modified monomer, an unsaturated acid monomer and an unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer; n is the average addition mole number of the ethylene oxide, and n is 23-50;
r1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an acetoxy group; r2 and R3 are both hydrogen atoms or methyl.
The invention also has the following additional technical features:
preferably, the unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer is represented by the general formula (2):
wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an acetoxy group; r2 and R3 are both hydrogen atoms or methyl; n is the average addition mole number of ethylene oxide and is 23-50.
Preferably, the unsaturated acid monomer is methacrylic acid.
Preferably, the ester-containing modified monomer is an esterified product of salicylic acid reacted with maleic anhydride.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified monomer containing ester group comprises the following steps:
1) adding a solvent of absolute ethyl alcohol, reactants of salicylic acid and maleic anhydride and a catalyst of p-toluenesulfonic acid into a reaction kettle, and slowly heating to 35-45 ℃;
2) keeping the temperature at 35-45 ℃ for reaction for 3.0-4.0 h;
3) and after the heat preservation is finished, cooling to room temperature to obtain the ester group-containing modified monomer.
Wherein the molar ratio of the salicylic acid to the maleic anhydride is 1:1, and the catalyst p-toluenesulfonic acid accounts for 2-3% of the total weight of the reactants.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer to the unsaturated acid monomer to the ester group-containing modified monomer is 1: (3-5): (0.1-0.3).
Preferably, the copolymerization reaction adopts a redox system, wherein the oxidant is persulfate or peroxide, and the reducing agent is ammonium ferrous sulfate.
Preferably, the dosage of the oxidant is 0.2-2.5% of the total weight of the monomers, and the weight ratio of the oxidant ammonium persulfate to the reducing agent ammonium ferrous sulfate is 1: (0.3-0.6).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducer, which comprises the following steps:
1) adding unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer into water, continuously stirring, adding reducing agent, and stirring for 10 min;
2) adding a material A and a material B into the solution prepared in the step 1) by using a metering pump, wherein the solute of the material A is an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 80% of the mixture of ester-group-containing modified monomers, methacrylic acid and mercaptopropionic acid, the material B is an aqueous solution of an oxidant with the mass fraction of 1.5-5%, the material A is dripped after 2.5-4.0h, and the material B is added after 3.0-4.5 h;
3) and (3) after the material A is added in the step 2), preserving the heat for 1.0h, and neutralizing the solution with NaOH until the pH value is 6-7, thus obtaining the product.
The molecular structure of the polycarboxylic acid water reducer has designability and high performance potential, the specific molecular structure of the polycarboxylic acid water reducer is designed by selecting monomers with different structures and functions, the high performance of the polycarboxylic acid water reducer is realized by optimally combining and controlling the polymerization degree of a main chain, the length of a side chain and the type of functional groups, and the polycarboxylic acid water reducer with the viscosity reduction function is prepared so as to solve the problems of high viscosity and low flowing speed of concrete. The invention starts from designing a molecular structure, and utilizes self-synthesized maleic anhydride salicylate modified monomers to carry out free radical polymerization with methacrylic acid, unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer and the like according to the molecular structure and the action mechanism of the polycarboxylic acid water reducer to synthesize a novel viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducer product, aiming at reducing the viscosity while realizing high strength of concrete and improving the rheological property and the working property of the concrete so as to meet the engineering requirements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) because unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer with the average addition mole number of ethylene oxide of 23-50 and unsaturated acid monomer are selected, the introduction of-COOH ensures that the synthesized water reducing agent has higher water reducing rate, and the introduction of side chain polyoxyethylene provides larger steric hindrance effect, so that the synthesized water reducing agent has better dispersion retentivity;
2) the introduction of the ester side chain can slowly hydrolyze in the alkaline environment of concrete, thereby improving the dispersion retentivity of the product; meanwhile, the ester side chain is short, the molecular weight is small, the steric hindrance is small, the thickness of a water layer film formed in concrete is small, and more free water can be released; the hydroxyl content is low, and the number of hydrogen bonds capable of combining with water is reduced, so that a certain amount of free water can be released; the side chain introduces benzene ring, improves the hydrophile lipophilicity of the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, releases free water bound by the polyoxyethylene side chain, and can effectively reduce the viscosity of concrete; the synthetic cost of the viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducer is greatly reduced by adopting self-synthesized ester substances.
3) The main chain introduces methacrylic acid to reduce the HLB value, and the reduction of the HLB value can reduce the generation of bound water with water, release a certain amount of free water and show high fluidity and low viscosity.
4) The viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate superplasticizer disclosed by the invention has wide adaptability to concrete prepared by mixing different cements and aggregates.
5) The viscosity-reducing polycarboxylic acid water reducer disclosed by the invention is low in synthesis temperature, free of heating, economical and environment-friendly, and saves energy consumption.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to be merely illustrative and not limitative.
Example 1: for simplicity of presentation, HPEG23, 50 and TPEG23, 50 represent methallyl polyoxyethylene glycol and isopentenyl polyoxyethylene glycol having ethylene oxide unit numbers of 23 and 50, respectively; MAA represents methacrylic acid; MALRepresents maleic anhydride; SC represents salicylic acid; SA represents mercaptopropionic acid; the ester group-containing modified monomer MA-SC represents an esterified product of salicylic acid and maleic anhydride; (NH)4)2S2O8Represents ammonium persulfate; FAS represents ferrous ammonium sulfate.
Synthesis example 1
23g of absolute ethyl alcohol (0.5mol), SC69g (0.5mol), 49g (0.5mol) of maleic anhydride and 3.0g of p-toluenesulfonic acid as a catalyst were put into a four-neck glass flask with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirring device, and the temperature was slowly raised to 40 ℃ to continue the reaction for 3.0 hours. After the reaction is finished, 140g of modified monomer MA-SC containing ester groups is obtained.
Example 1
100g of deionized water was charged into a four-necked glass flask equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirring device, and after stirring was turned on, 107g of HPEG23(0.1mol) was added thereto and stirring was continued, 0.25g of FAS was added to the flask and stirred for 15min, the addition of materials A and B by a metering pump was started. The material A is an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 80 percent prepared from 25.8g of MAA (0.3mol), 2.36g of MA-SC (0.01mol), 0.86g of SA and 7.26g of deionized water; material B was 0.52g initiator (NH)4)2S2O89.88g of deionized water is added into the solution to prepare an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5%. The material A is dripped after 2.5h, and the material B is added after 3.0 h. After the material A is added, preserving the heat for 1.0h at the temperature, neutralizing the mixture by using 30 percent of NaOH until the pH value is 6-7, and adding quantitative water to obtain a polycarboxylic acid water reducer product 1 with the mass fraction of 40 percent.
Example 2
100g of deionized water was charged into a four-necked glass flask equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirring device, stirring was turned on, 108.8g of TPEG23(0.1mol) was added thereto, stirring was continued, 0.42g of FAS was added to the flask, and after stirring for 15min, the addition of materials A and B by a metering pump was started. The material A is an aqueous solution prepared from 21.5g of MAA (0.25mol), 4.72g of MA-SC (0.02mol), 1.0gSA and 6.81g of deionized water with the mass fraction of 80%; material B was 0.85g initiator (NH)4)2S2O816.15g of deionized water is added into the solution to prepare an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.5%. The material A is dripped after 3.0h, and the material B is added after 3.5 h. After the material A is added, at the temperatureKeeping the temperature for 1.0h at the temperature, neutralizing the solution by using 30 percent NaOH until the pH value is 6-7, and adding quantitative water to obtain a polycarboxylic acid water reducer product 2 with the mass fraction of 40 percent.
Example 3
150g of deionized water was charged into a four-necked glass flask equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirring device, stirring was turned on, 225.8g of HPEG50(0.1mol) was added thereto, stirring was continued, 0.51g of FAS was added to the flask, and after stirring for 15min, the addition of materials A and B by a metering pump was started. The material A is an aqueous solution prepared from 17.2g of MAA (0.20mol), 3.54g of MA-SC (0.015mol), 1.6gSA and 5.59g of deionized water with the mass fraction of 80%; material B was 1.02g initiator (NH)4)2S2O819.4g of deionized water is added into the solution to prepare an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5%. The material A is dripped after 3.0h, and the material B is added after 3.5 h. After the material A is added, preserving the heat for 1h at the temperature, neutralizing the mixture by using 30 percent NaOH until the pH value is 6-7, and adding a certain amount of water to obtain a polycarboxylic acid water reducer product 3 with the mass fraction of 40 percent.
Example 4
150g of deionized water was charged into a four-necked glass flask equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirring device, and with stirring turned on, 227.6g of TPEG50(0.1mol) was added thereto, and with continuous stirring, 0.62g of FAS was added to the flask, and after stirring for 15min, the addition of materials A and B by a metering pump was started. The material A is an aqueous solution prepared from 25.8g of MAA (0.3mol), 4.72g of MA-SC (0.02mol), 1.6g of SA and 8.03g of deionized water with the mass fraction of 80%; material B was 1.23g initiator (NH)4)2S2O823.4g of deionized water is added into the solution to prepare an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5%. The material A is dripped after 4.0h, and the material B is added after 4.5 h. After the material A is added, preserving the heat for 1.0h at the temperature, neutralizing the mixture by using 30 percent of NaOH until the pH value is 6-7, and adding quantitative water to obtain a polycarboxylic acid water reducer product 4 with the mass fraction of 40 percent.
Comparative example 1
100g of deionized water was charged into a four-necked glass flask equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirring device, stirring was turned on, 108.8g of TPEG23(0.1mol) was added thereto, stirring was continued, 0.54g of FAS was added to the flask, and after stirring for 15min, the addition of materials A and B by a metering pump was started. Material A was 25.8g MAA (0.30mol), 0.6g SA and 6.60 gPreparing deionized water into an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 80%; material B was 1.0g initiator (NH)4)2S2O819.0g of deionized water is added into the solution to prepare an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5%. The material A is dripped after 3.0h, and the material B is added after 3.5 h. After the material A is added, the temperature is kept for 1.0h at the temperature, 30 percent NaOH is used for neutralizing until the pH value is 6-7, and quantitative water is added to obtain a 40 percent polycarboxylic acid water reducer comparative product 1.
Comparative example 2
150g of deionized water was charged into a four-necked glass flask equipped with a thermometer, a condenser and a stirring device, stirring was turned on, 225.8g of HPEG50(0.1mol) was added thereto, stirring was continued, 0.75g of FAS was added to the flask, and after stirring for 15min, the addition of materials A and B by a metering pump was started. The material A is an aqueous solution prepared from 17.2g of MAA (0.20mol), 1.6g of SA and 4.70g of deionized water with the mass fraction of 80%; material B was 1.25g initiator (NH)4)2S2O823.8g of deionized water is added into the solution to prepare an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5%. The material A is dripped after 2.5h, and the material B is added after 3.0 h. After the material A is added, the temperature is kept for 1.0h, 30% NaOH is used for neutralizing until the pH value is 6-7, and quantitative water is added to obtain a polycarboxylic acid water reducer comparison product 2 with the mass fraction of 40%.
Effects of the implementation
The cement of Zhonglian brand P.O42.5 is selected, and the test method of GB8076-2008 is adopted, and the mixing amount of the liquid polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is 0.30 percent (in bending and fixing amount). The mixing ratio of each cubic concrete is cement: sand: stone: 490% water: 684: 1116: 140 and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparative tests on the Properties of the polycarboxylic acid water-reducing agents synthesized in examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from Table 1, the novel polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent synthesized in the example has a large water reducing rate, high plasticity retention and a remarkably shortened flow time compared with the conventional polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent synthesized in the comparative example, and the concrete prepared by the novel polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent synthesized in the example has low viscosity, short flow time, good fluidity, no segregation bleeding and bottom scraping phenomena, excellent working performance and rheological performance, and is suitable for preparing high-strength, ultrahigh-strength, self-compacting and other concretes.
The above-described embodiments of the invention are illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any variations and combinations that fall within the meaning and scope of the invention as defined in the claims are to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. The viscosity reduction type polycarboxylic acid water reducer is characterized by being prepared by copolymerizing an unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer, an unsaturated acid monomer and an ester group-containing modified monomer under the action of a redox system and a chain transfer agent, and is represented by a general formula (1):
in the formula, a, b and c respectively correspond to the structural unit numbers of three raw materials, namely an ester group-containing modified monomer, an unsaturated acid monomer and an unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer; n is the average addition mole number of the ethylene oxide, and n is 23-50;
r1 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an acetoxy group; r2 and R3 are hydrogen atoms or methyl.
2. The viscosity-reduction type polycarboxylic acid water reducer according to claim 1, wherein the ester group-containing modifying monomer is an esterified product of salicylic acid and maleic anhydride.
3. The viscosity-reduction type polycarboxylic acid water reducer according to claim 2, wherein the preparation method of the ester group-containing modified monomer comprises the following steps:
1) adding a solvent of absolute ethyl alcohol, reactants of salicylic acid and maleic anhydride and a catalyst of p-toluenesulfonic acid into a reaction kettle, and slowly heating to 35-45 ℃;
2) keeping the temperature at 35-45 ℃ for reaction for 3.0-4.0 h;
3) after the heat preservation is finished, cooling to room temperature to obtain an ester group-containing modified monomer;
wherein the molar ratio of the salicylic acid to the maleic anhydride is 1:1, and the catalyst p-toluenesulfonic acid accounts for 2-3% of the total weight of the reactants.
4. The viscosity-reduction type polycarboxylic acid water reducer according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of the unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer, the unsaturated acid monomer and the ester group-containing modified monomer is 1: (3-5): (0.1-0.3).
5. The viscosity reduction type polycarboxylic acid water reducer according to claim 1, wherein a redox initiation system is used for copolymerization, wherein the oxidant is persulfate or peroxide, and the reducing agent is ammonium ferrous sulfate.
6. The viscosity-reduction type polycarboxylic acid water reducer according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the oxidant is 0.2-2.5% of the total weight of the monomers, and the weight ratio of the oxidant to the reducing agent ammonium ferrous sulfate is 1: (0.3-0.6).
7. The viscosity-reduction type polycarboxylic acid water reducer according to claim 1, wherein the chain transfer agent is a mercapto compound, and is used in an amount of 0.2-1.0% by weight based on the total weight of the monomers.
8. The method for preparing a viscosity reduction type polycarboxylic acid water reducer according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) adding unsaturated polyoxyethylene glycol ether macromonomer into water, continuously stirring, adding reducing agent, and stirring for 15 min;
2) adding a material A and a material B into the solution prepared in the step 1) by using a metering pump, wherein the solute of the material A is an aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 80% of the mixture of ester-group-containing modified monomer, mercaptopropionic acid and methacrylic acid, the solute of the material B is an aqueous solution of an oxidant with the mass fraction of 1.5-5%, the material A is dripped after 2.5-4.0h, and the material B is added after 3.0-4.5 h;
3) and (3) after the material A is added in the step 2), preserving the heat for 1.0h at the temperature, and neutralizing the solution by using NaOH until the pH value is 6-7, thus obtaining the product.
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| CN110790529B (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-12-03 | 广东科隆智谷新材料股份有限公司 | High-strength concrete viscosity-reducing water reducer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112390921A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-02-23 | 云南建投高分子材料有限公司 | Synthetic viscosity-reducing polycarboxylate superplasticizer and preparation method thereof |
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