CN108191384B - Functionally-graded four-nozzle gasifier plug brick and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Functionally-graded four-nozzle gasifier plug brick and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a plug brick, and relates to a functionally graded four-nozzle gasification furnace plug brick and a preparation method thereofThe preparation method is as follows. The disclosed plug brick of the four-nozzle gasification furnace with the function gradient is provided with a plug; the plug is a truncated cone body which is prepared from a high-chromium material and gradually reduces the diameter from top to bottom; the upper end of the plug is provided with a plug connecting block for connection; the plug connecting block is a truncated cone with the diameter gradually expanded upwards from the upper end of the plug; the upper end of the plug connecting block is provided with a tail plug block for plugging; the tail plugging block and the plug connecting block are integrally formed by low-chromium materials; heat-resistant steel bars are inserted into the centers of the plug bricks; the high-chromium material is Cr 2 O 3 Material with content of 70-93%; the low-chromium material is Cr 2 O 3 2-15% of the material. The invention reduces the economic cost of the plug brick, reduces the quality of the plug brick and reduces the working strength of the plug brick in high-temperature plugging during the operation of the gasification furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a plug brick, in particular to a functionally graded four-nozzle gasification furnace plug brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The basic national situation of rich coal, little gas and poor oil determines the main status of the development of coal chemical industry in China. The development of an industrial chain with high efficiency, cleanness, environmental protection and energy conservation is an inevitable requirement for the coal chemical industry at present and in the future. Since the first four-nozzle gasification furnace set in 12 months in 2004 is put into industrial application, through continuous attack and improvement of research and development personnel and application unit technicians, the technical level is continuously improved, and the device runs stably. Compared with the similar technology, the technology shows outstanding technical advantages, is put into industrial operation, and all indexes of the technology reach the international leading level of the current large-scale coal gasification technology.
The four-nozzle gasification furnace is provided with a temporary preheating burner at the top and four oppositely-arranged fuel burners at the upper part of a cylinder body. Before starting, preheating burners are required to be put into a top furnace mouth to heat a hearth until the hearth is heated to a feeding temperature and then pulled out, then the furnace mouth is plugged by plug bricks, and after the hearth is closed, four oppositely-arranged fuel burners are started to feed. In the operation process of the gasification furnace, the plug bricks and the arch top bricks resist the erosion and the scouring of the coal cinder. When the gasification furnace is shut down for maintenance, the plug brick needs to be pulled out. In order to facilitate the plugging of the plug brick, the tail part of the plug brick is provided with a heat-resistant steel bar embedding shackle. The end cap brick is cast and prefabricated due to the existence of the hook ring, and then is treated at a certain temperature.
Because of the existence of the embedded steel bars, the volume of the manufactured plug is large, the volume density of the high-chromium material is relatively large, and the dead weight of the plug brick is large. The plugging and unplugging of the plug are carried out at high temperature, and the working strength of workers is too high. In addition, the material used for the high-chromium plug, chromium oxide, is a scarce resource, and the material needs to be used as little as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a functionally graded plug brick of a four-nozzle gasification furnace and a preparation method thereof, which are used for supporting the functionally graded plug brick by using the large-size and large-size plug brick according to 40 TRIZ basic principles-local mass principles and by fully utilizing the characteristics of the structure of the plug brick, so that the using amount of chromium oxide materials is reduced, the quality of the plug brick is reduced, and the working strength of high-temperature plugging and unplugging of the plug brick in the operation process of the gasification furnace is reduced.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for achieving the purpose:
a plug brick of a functionally graded four-nozzle gasification furnace is provided with a plug for resisting erosion; the plug is made of high chromiumA truncated cone body which is prepared from the material and gradually shrinks from top to bottom; the upper end of the plug is provided with a plug connecting block for connection; the plug connecting block is a truncated cone with the diameter gradually expanded upwards from the upper end of the plug; the upper end of the plug connecting block is provided with a tail plug block for plugging; the tail plugging block is a cylinder with the diameter larger than the maximum diameter of the plug connecting block; the center of the upper end surface of the tail plugging block is provided with a groove; the tail plugging block and the plug connecting block are integrally formed by low-chromium materials; the integrally formed tail plugging block, the plug connecting block and the plug are built into a whole to form a plug brick; heat-resistant steel bars are inserted into the centers of the plug bricks; the lower end of the heat-resistant steel bar is positioned in the plug, and the upper end of the heat-resistant steel bar is positioned in the groove; the heat-resistant reinforcing steel bars are connected with the plugs, the plug connecting blocks and the tail plug blocks through heat-resistant spike teeth; the high-chromium material is Cr 2 O 3 Material with content of 70-93%; the low-chromium material is Cr 2 O 3 2-15% of the material.
The Cr is 2 O 3 The material with the content of 70-93 percent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
68-72% of 5-0 mm fused or sintered chromium oxide aggregate; cr in aggregate 2 O 3 Content (wt.)>86 percent; 12 to 20 percent of fused or sintered chromium oxide fine powder with 180 to 325 meshes; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 Content (wt.)>86 percent; 5-10% of 1000-mesh active alpha-alumina micro powder; 0.5 to 8 percent of 325-mesh calcium aluminate cement; 0.5 to 8 percent of phosphate solution; and water accounting for 3-6% of the total weight of the raw materials is additionally added.
The Cr is 2 O 3 The material with the content of 2-15 percent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 68-72% of 5-0 mm fused or sintered corundum aggregate, and Al in the aggregate 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent; 3-18% of fused or sintered corundum fine powder with 180-325 meshes and Al in the fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent; 2-17% of fused or sintered chromium oxide fine powder of 180-325 meshes; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 Content (wt.)>86 percent; 5-10% of 1000-mesh active alpha-alumina micro powder; 0.5 to 8 percent of 325-mesh calcium aluminate cement; phosphoric acid0.5 to 8 percent of salt solution; and water accounting for 3-6% of the total weight of the raw materials is additionally added.
The heat-resistant reinforcing steel bar is in an inverted U shape.
A preparation method of a functional gradient four-nozzle gasification furnace plug brick is characterized by comprising the following steps: an inverted U-shaped heat-resistant reinforcing steel bar is embedded in the plug brick, three layers of heat-resistant spike teeth are welded on the heat-resistant reinforcing steel bar, and each layer of heat-resistant spike teeth is provided with a plurality of spike teeth; the heat-resistant spike teeth at the lowermost end of the heat-resistant steel bar are buried in the plug, the spike teeth at the middle part of the heat-resistant steel bar are buried in the plug connecting block, and the heat-resistant spike teeth at the upper part of the heat-resistant steel bar are buried in the tail plug; the top of the heat-resistant steel bar is exposed in the groove of the tail blocking block to form a hook ring; when molding, cr is firstly added 2 O 3 Pouring 70-93% material into mould, vibrating, covering the heat-resisting nail teeth at the bottom of the inverted U-shaped heat-resisting steel bar with slurry, grooving the flat slurry, and pouring Cr 2 O 3 Continuously vibrating the material with the content of 2-15% until the material is prefabricated to a set position of a mold; demoulding after the material is hardened, drying at 120-150 ℃ and carrying out heat treatment at 400-500 ℃.
According to the plug brick of the four-nozzle gasification furnace with the functional gradient, the characteristics of the structure of the plug brick are fully utilized, and the plug brick with the functional gradient is supported by the large-size plug brick, so that the using amount of chromium oxide materials is reduced, the economic cost of the plug brick is reduced, the quality of the plug brick is reduced, and the working strength of high-temperature plugging and unplugging of the plug brick in the operation process of the gasification furnace is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the plug comprises a plug body 2, a plug connecting block 3, heat-resistant reinforcing steel bars 4, heat-resistant nail teeth 5 and a tail plugging block.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in connection with the drawings and the detailed description;
as shown in fig. 1, a plug brick of a functionally graded four-nozzle gasification furnace is provided with a plug 1 for anti-erosion; the plug 1 is made of high-chromium material and has a diameter gradually reduced from top to bottomThe truncated cone body of (1); the upper end of the plug 1 is provided with a plug connecting block 2 for connection; the plug connecting block 2 is a truncated cone with the diameter gradually expanded upwards from the upper end of the plug; the upper end of the plug connecting block 2 is provided with a tail plugging block 3 for plugging; the tail plugging block 3 is a cylinder with the diameter larger than the maximum diameter of the plug connecting block; the center of the upper end surface of the tail plugging block 3 is provided with a groove; the tail plugging block and the plug connecting block are integrally formed by low-chromium materials; the integrally formed tail plugging block 3, the plug connecting block 2 and the plug 1 are built into a whole to form a plug brick; the heat-resistant steel bar 3 is inserted into the center of the plug brick; the lower end of the heat-resistant steel bar 3 is positioned in the plug, and the upper end of the heat-resistant steel bar is positioned in the groove; the heat-resistant steel bar 3 is connected with the plug, the plug connecting block and the tail plug block through heat-resistant nail teeth 4; the high-chromium material is Cr 2 O 3 Material with content of 70-93%; the low-chromium material is Cr 2 O 3 2-15% of the material.
The Cr is 2 O 3 The material with the content of 70-93 percent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
68-72% of 5-0 mm fused or sintered chromium oxide aggregate; cr in aggregate 2 O 3 Content (wt.)>86 percent; 12 to 20 percent of fused or sintered chromium oxide fine powder with 180 to 325 meshes; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 Content (c) of>86 percent; 5-10% of 1000-mesh active alpha-alumina micro powder; 0.5 to 8 percent of 325-mesh calcium aluminate cement; 0.5 to 8 percent of phosphate solution; and water accounting for 3-6% of the total weight of the raw materials is additionally added.
The Cr is 2 O 3 The material with the content of 2-15 percent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 68-72% of 5-0 mm fused or sintered corundum aggregate, and Al in the aggregate 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent; 3-18% of fused or sintered corundum fine powder with 180-325 meshes and Al in the fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent; 2-17% of fused or sintered chromium oxide fine powder of 180-325 meshes; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 Content (wt.)>86%; 5-10% of 1000-mesh active alpha-alumina micro powder; 0.5 to 8 percent of 325-mesh calcium aluminate cement; 0.5 to 8 percent of phosphate solution; and also addIs water accounting for 3 to 6 percent of the total weight of the raw materials.
The heat-resistant steel bar is in an inverted U shape.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the prefabricated plug brick is divided into a conical plug head part with an anti-erosion effect, a conical plug middle part with a connecting effect and a cylindrical tail part with a plugging effect. The head of the conical plug is Cr 2 O 3 The material with the content of 90.5 percent, the middle part of the conical plug and the cylindrical tail part are Cr 2 O 3 Material content 8.1%.
Cr (chromium) 2 O 3 The material with the content of 90.5 percent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
72 percent of fused chromium oxide aggregate with the thickness of 5 to 0 mm; cr in aggregate 2 O 3 The content is 99.5%.
19 percent of fused chromium oxide fine powder with 180 to 325 meshes; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99.5%.
1000 mesh active alpha-alumina micro powder, 5%;
325 mesh calcium aluminate cement, 4.5%;
phosphate solution, 0.5%;
water, plus 5%.
Cr (chromium) 2 O 3 The material with the content of 8.1 percent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
72 percent of fused corundum aggregate with the thickness of 5 to 0 mm; al in aggregate 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent.
10 percent of fused corundum fine powder of 180 to 325 meshes; al in fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent.
9 percent of fused chromium oxide fine powder of 180 to 325 meshes; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 90 percent.
5 percent of 1000-mesh active alpha-alumina micro powder;
325 mesh calcium aluminate cement, 4.5%;
phosphate solution, 0.5%;
water, plus 5%.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
an inverted U-shaped heat-resistant steel piece is embedded in the plug brick, three layers of spike teeth are welded on the U-shaped steel piece, and 8 spike teeth are arranged on each layer. The nail teeth at the lowest end of the U-shaped steel part are buried at the head part of the conical plug, the nail teeth in the middle of the U-shaped steel part are buried in the middle of the conical plug, and the nail teeth at the upper part of the U-shaped steel part are buried at the tail part of the cylindrical plug. The top of the U-shaped steel part is exposed in the concave pit at the tail part of the cylindrical plug to form a hook ring.
When molding, cr is first added 2 O 3 Injecting 90.5% material into the mold, vibrating to cover the nail teeth of the bottom of the inverted U-shaped heat-resistant steel part with slurry, grooving the flat slurry, and injecting Cr 2 O 3 And (4) continuing to vibrate the material with the content of 8.1% until the material is prefabricated to the set position of the mold.
Demoulding after the material is hardened, drying at 150 ℃ and carrying out heat treatment at 500 ℃.
Example two:
the prefabricated plug brick is divided into a conical plug head part with an anti-erosion effect, a conical plug middle part with a connecting effect and a cylindrical tail part with a plugging effect. The head of the conical plug is Cr 2 O 3 79 percent of material, the middle part of the conical plug and the cylindrical tail part are Cr 2 O 3 Material content 14.9%.
Cr (chromium) 2 O 3 79% of material, which comprises the following components (in percentage by weight):
68 percent of sintered chromium oxide aggregate with the thickness of 5 to 0 mm; cr in aggregate 2 O 3 The content is 90 percent.
Sintering chromium oxide fine powder of 180-325 meshes, 18 percent; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent.
1000 meshes of active alpha-alumina micro powder, 8 percent;
325 mesh calcium aluminate cement, 1%;
5% of phosphate;
water, plus 6%.
Cr (chromium) 2 O 3 The material with the content of 14.9 percent comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
68 percent of sintered corundum aggregate with the thickness of 5-0 mm; al in aggregate 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent.
3 percent of sintered corundum fine powder with 180 to 325 meshes; al in fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent.
15 percent of sintered chromium oxide fine powder with 180 to 325 meshes; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent.
1000 meshes of active alpha-alumina micro powder, 8 percent;
325 mesh calcium aluminate cement, 1%;
5% of phosphate;
water, plus 6%.
The preparation method comprises the following specific steps:
an inverted U-shaped heat-resistant steel piece is embedded in the plug brick, three layers of spike teeth are welded on the U-shaped steel piece, and 8 spike teeth are arranged on each layer. The nail teeth at the lowest end of the U-shaped steel part are buried at the head part of the conical plug, the nail teeth in the middle of the U-shaped steel part are buried in the middle of the conical plug, and the nail teeth at the upper part of the U-shaped steel part are buried at the tail part of the cylindrical plug. The top of the U-shaped steel part is exposed in the concave pit at the tail part of the cylindrical plug to form a hook ring.
When molding, cr is first added 2 O 3 Injecting 79% material into the mold, vibrating to cover the nail teeth of the bottom of the inverted U-shaped heat-resistant steel part with slurry, grooving the flat slurry, and injecting Cr 2 O 3 The material with the content of 14.9 percent is vibrated continuously until the prefabricated part reaches the set position of the mould.
Demoulding after the material is hardened, drying at 135 ℃ and carrying out heat treatment at 450 ℃.
Example three:
the prefabricated plug brick is divided into a conical plug head part with an anti-erosion effect, a conical plug middle part with a connecting effect and a cylindrical tail part with a plugging effect. The head of the conical plug is Cr 2 O 3 The material with the content of 84.2 percent, the middle part of the conical plug and the cylindrical tail part are Cr 2 O 3 Material content 6.1%.
Cr (chromium) 2 O 3 Material with a content of 84.2%, characterized in that:
the composition comprises (by weight percent):
70 percent of sintered chromium oxide aggregate with the thickness of 5 to 0 mm; cr in aggregate 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent.
15 percent of fused chromium oxide fine powder of 180 to 325 meshes; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent.
1000 mesh active alpha-alumina micro powder, 10%;
0.5 percent of 325-mesh calcium aluminate cement;
phosphate solution, 4.5%;
water, plus 3%.
Cr (chromium) 2 O 3 The material with the content of 6.1 percent is characterized in that:
70 percent of fused corundum aggregate with the thickness of 5 to 0 mm; al in aggregate 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent.
8 percent of sintered corundum fine powder of 180 to 325 meshes; al in fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent.
7 percent of sintered chromium oxide fine powder with 180 to 325 meshes; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 87%.
10 percent of 1000-mesh active alpha-alumina micro powder;
0.5 percent of 325-mesh calcium aluminate cement;
4.5 percent of phosphate;
water, plus 3%.
The preparation process comprises the following steps:
an inverted U-shaped heat-resistant steel piece is embedded in the plug brick, three layers of spike teeth are welded on the U-shaped steel piece, and 8 spike teeth are arranged on each layer. The nail teeth at the lowest end of the U-shaped steel part are buried at the head of the conical plug, the nail teeth in the middle of the U-shaped steel part are buried in the middle of the conical plug, and the nail teeth at the upper part of the U-shaped steel part are buried at the tail of the cylindrical plug. The top of the U-shaped steel piece is exposed in the concave pit at the tail part of the cylindrical plug to form a hook ring.
When molding, cr is firstly added 2 O 3 Injecting 84.2% material into the mold, vibrating to cover the nail teeth of the bottom of the inverted U-shaped heat-resistant steel part with slurry, grooving the flat slurry, and injecting Cr 2 O 3 The material with the content of 6.1 percent is vibrated continuously until the material is prefabricated to the set position of the mould.
Demoulding after the material is hardened, drying at 150 ℃ and carrying out heat treatment at 400 ℃.
The effect of the preparation method of the gasification furnace plug brick with four nozzles and a functional gradient is explained by three examples. The weight of the plug brick of the functionally gradient plug brick prepared in the embodiment is respectively reduced by 20.3%,19.7% and 21.7%; cr (chromium) component 2 O 3 The material consumption is respectively reduced by 78.3 percent, 75.7 percent and 81.2 percent. The use amount of chromium oxide materials is effectively reduced, the economic cost of the plug brick is reduced, the quality of the plug brick is reduced, and the working strength of high-temperature plugging of the plug brick in the operation process of the gasification furnace is reduced.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a four nozzle gasifier end cap bricks of functional gradient which characterized in that: the plug brick is provided with a plug for resisting erosion; the plug is a truncated cone body which is prepared from a high-chromium material and gradually reduces the diameter from top to bottom; the upper end of the plug is provided with a plug connecting block for connecting; the plug connecting block is a truncated cone with the diameter gradually expanded upwards from the upper end of the plug; the upper end of the plug connecting block is provided with a tail plug block for plugging; the tail plugging block is a cylinder with the diameter larger than the maximum diameter of the plug connecting block; the center of the upper end surface of the tail blocking block is provided with a groove; the tail plugging block and the plug connecting block are integrally formed by low-chromium materials; the integrally formed tail plugging block, the plug connecting block and the plug are built into a whole to form a plug brick; heat-resistant steel bars are inserted into the centers of the plug bricks; the lower end of the heat-resistant steel bar is positioned in the plug, and the upper end of the heat-resistant steel bar is positioned in the groove; the heat-resistant reinforcing steel bars are connected with the plugs, the plug connecting blocks and the tail plug blocks through heat-resistant spike teeth; the high-chromium material is Cr 2 O 3 Material with content of 70-93%; the low-chromium material is Cr 2 O 3 2-15% of material; the Cr is 2 O 3 The material with the content of 70-93 percent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 68-72% of 5-0 mm fused or sintered chromium oxide aggregate; cr in aggregate 2 O 3 Content (wt.)>86 percent; 12 to 20 percent of fused or sintered chromium oxide fine powder with 180 to 325 meshes; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 Content (wt.)>86 percent; 5-10% of 1000-mesh active alpha-alumina micro powder; 0.5 to 8 percent of 325-mesh calcium aluminate cement; 0.5 to 8 percent of phosphate solution; water accounting for 3-6% of the total weight of the raw materials is additionally added; the Cr is 2 O 3 The material with the content of 2-15 percent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 68-72% of 5-0 mm fused or sintered corundum aggregate, and Al in the aggregate 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent; 3-18% of fused or sintered corundum fine powder with 180-325 meshes and Al in the fine powder 2 O 3 The content is 99 percent; 2-17% of fused or sintered chromium oxide fine powder of 180-325 meshes; cr in fine powder 2 O 3 Content (c) of>86 percent; 5-10% of 1000-mesh active alpha-alumina micro powder; 0.5 to 8 percent of 325-mesh calcium aluminate cement; 0.5 to 8 percent of phosphate solution; and water accounting for 3-6% of the total weight of the raw materials is additionally added.
2. The functionally graded four-nozzle gasifier plug brick according to claim 1, wherein: the heat-resistant steel bar is in an inverted U shape.
3. The preparation method for preparing the functionally graded plug brick of the four-nozzle gasification furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is characterized by comprising the following steps: an inverted U-shaped heat-resistant reinforcing steel bar is embedded in the plug brick, three layers of heat-resistant spike teeth are welded on the heat-resistant reinforcing steel bar, and each layer of heat-resistant spike teeth is provided with a plurality of spike teeth; the heat-resistant spike teeth at the lowermost end of the heat-resistant steel bar are buried in the plug, the spike teeth at the middle part of the heat-resistant steel bar are buried in the plug connecting block, and the heat-resistant spike teeth at the upper part of the heat-resistant steel bar are buried in the tail plug; the top of the heat-resistant steel bar is exposed in the groove of the tail blocking block to form a hook ring; when molding, cr is first added 2 O 3 Pouring 70-93% material into mould, vibrating, covering the heat-resisting nail teeth at the bottom of the inverted U-shaped heat-resisting steel bar with slurry, grooving the flat slurry, and pouring Cr 2 O 3 The material with the content of 2-15 percent is vibrated continuously until the material is prefabricated into a mouldPositioning; demoulding after the material is hardened, drying at 120-150 ℃ and carrying out heat treatment at 400-500 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810216351.4A CN108191384B (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2018-03-16 | Functionally-graded four-nozzle gasifier plug brick and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810216351.4A CN108191384B (en) | 2018-03-16 | 2018-03-16 | Functionally-graded four-nozzle gasifier plug brick and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108191384B true CN108191384B (en) | 2022-11-29 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN202430185U (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2012-09-12 | 洛阳利尔耐火材料有限公司 | Furnace mouth plug of gasification furnace |
| CN202379959U (en) * | 2012-01-11 | 2012-08-15 | 山东兖矿国拓科技工程有限公司 | Preheating mouth plugging brick of gasification furnace |
| JP5949426B2 (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2016-07-06 | 品川リフラクトリーズ株式会社 | Alumina-chromia-magnesia refractory brick |
| CN104478442A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-04-01 | 宜兴瑞泰耐火材料有限公司 | Plugging brick for top opening of water-coal slurry gasification furnace and preparation process thereof |
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