Screw positioning mechanism
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of screw machines, in particular to a screw positioning mechanism used in an assembly process on a manipulator or a robot.
Background
At present, in the manufacturing fields of watches, toys, mobile phones and the like, most factories use manual work to position, insert and screw screws. Due to the increasing high labor cost, many factories use screw machines to replace manual operation, but the screw machines on the market cannot meet the requirements at present. The first disadvantage is that the existing screw locking machine has not high automation degree, the error rate is very high, and the probability of the screw being askew is as high as three percent. The second disadvantage is that the existing screw machine can only lock large screws with diameter more than 1mm and can not lock small screws with diameter less than 1mm, but the screws required to be locked in the fields of watch, toy, mobile phone manufacturing industry and the like are all screws with diameter less than 1mm, so that the existing screw machine can not meet the requirements of the industry. And the existing screw machine has low efficiency, and one screw needs to be locked in 4 seconds.
There is a need for improvement.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a screw positioning mechanism which can automatically position a screw, ensures that the screw is not inclined vertically, has high accuracy and high processing speed and is particularly suitable for a manipulator or a robot.
In order to realize the purpose, the following technical scheme is provided:
the utility model provides a screw positioning mechanism, includes the screw positioning seat, its characterized in that: the vertical screw channel that supplies screwdrivers head and screw to pass through that is equipped with on the screw positioning seat, the equipartition has 2 at least elastic sheet/silks that are used for accepting the screw that falls into screw channel on the same horizontal plane of screw channel bottom internal perisporium, be equipped with on the internal perisporium of screw channel and be used for installing elastic sheet/silk and retrain the installation groove that elastic sheet/silk takes place deformation, this installation groove highly by the inslot grow gradually to the notch direction in vertical direction, the centrifugal end of elastic sheet/silk is fixed in the installation groove, it entad the end and stretches out the notch and towards screw channel center, the entad end of elastic sheet/silk encloses into the spacing mouth that supplies screw and screw rod top-down to pass through in screw.
Preferably, the mounting groove is provided with an upper wall and a lower wall, the centripetal sections of the upper wall and the lower wall are both curved surfaces bending downwards, the upper side of the elastic sheet/wire is in contact with the upper wall of the mounting groove, and the centripetal end of the elastic sheet/wire bends downwards under the constraint of the upper wall.
Preferably, the vertical section of the centrifugal section of the upper wall of the mounting groove for fixing the elastic sheets/wires is a horizontal straight line, and the vertical section of the centripetal section of the upper wall of the mounting groove is an arc line; the vertical section of the centrifugal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove for fixing the elastic sheets/wires is a horizontal straight line, the vertical section of the centripetal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove is a section of a smooth curve which monotonically decreases, and the tangent line at the tail end of the centripetal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove is parallel to the screw channel.
Preferably, the mounting groove is provided with an upper wall and a lower wall, the vertical section of the upper wall is a horizontal straight line, the centripetal section of the lower wall is a curved surface bending downwards, the upper side of the elastic sheet/wire is contacted with the flat upper wall of the mounting groove, and the centripetal end of the elastic sheet/wire is vertical to the screw channel.
Preferably, the vertical section of the centrifugal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove for fixing the elastic sheets/wires is a horizontal straight line, the vertical section of the centripetal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove is a monotone descending smooth curve, and the tangent line at the tail end of the centripetal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove is parallel to the screw channel.
Preferably, the mounting groove is provided with an upper wall and a lower wall, the centripetal section of the lower wall is a curved surface bending downwards, the centripetal section of the upper wall is a curved surface, the centripetal section of the upper wall is higher than the centrifugal section, the tangent line of the intersection point of the upper wall and the screw channel is in a horizontal state, the upper side of the elastic sheet/wire is in contact with the upper wall of the mounting groove, and the centripetal end of the elastic sheet/wire is perpendicular to the screw channel under the constraint of the upper wall.
Preferably, the vertical section of the centrifugal section of the upper wall of the mounting groove for fixing the elastic sheets/wires is a centripetal upward inclined straight line, and the vertical section of the centripetal section of the upper wall of the mounting groove is a monotonous rising arc line; the vertical section of the centrifugal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove for fixing the elastic sheets/wires is a centripetal upward inclined straight line, the vertical section of the centripetal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove is a downward double-regulation curve from top to bottom, and the tangent line at the tail end of the centripetal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove is parallel to the screw channel.
Preferably, the number of the elastic sheets/wires is 3-8.
Preferably, the limiting opening defined by the tail end of the elastic piece/wire is larger than the diameter of the screwdriver head.
Preferably, the lower wall of the groove opening of the mounting groove is retracted into the groove to form a receiving opening, and when a screw passes through the receiving opening, the end part of the centripetal end of the elastic wire is retracted into the groove.
Preferably, the mounting groove is composed of an upper wall, a lower wall, a left wall and a right wall, the left wall and the right wall are opposite in parallel, and the distance between the left wall and the right wall is adapted to the width of the elastic sheet/wire.
After adopting the structure, compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: first enabling the screw to enter the workpiece vertically. Second, a linear recess (or cross recess, depending on the type of screw) that provides sufficient support to support the screw and allows the downward driver bit to be properly inserted into the head of the screw. Thirdly, because the limiting opening formed by the surrounding of the tail end of the elastic sheet is larger than the diameter of the screwdriver head, the screwdriver head is not in contact with the elastic sheet/wire after the screw passes through and the elastic sheet/wire returns, the processing speed can be improved (the efficiency of a screw machine in the market is not high, one screw can be locked in 4 seconds, and one screw can be held in 1 second by the screw machine adopting the screw positioning mechanism of the invention).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw positioning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of a screw positioning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a screw structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw positioning mechanism, a screwdriver bit and a screw according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw positioning mechanism, a screwdriver bit and a screw according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a screw positioning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a screw structure according to a second or third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a three-screw positioning mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of three preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that the term "centripetal" as used herein refers to a direction toward the center of the screw channel. As used herein, the term "eccentric end" refers to the end away from the center of the screw channel, and "centripetal end" refers to the end toward the screw channel. The centrifugal section of the upper wall or the lower wall of the mounting groove is used for fixing the elastic sheet/wire, and the rest part is a centripetal section.
In a first embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 5, the screw positioning mechanism of the present invention includes a screw positioning seat 1, a screw channel 2 for passing a screw driver head and a screw is vertically disposed on the screw positioning seat 1, and at least 2 elastic wires 3 for receiving the screw falling into the screw channel are uniformly distributed on a same horizontal plane of an inner peripheral wall of a bottom of the screw channel 2. The screw 6 in this embodiment includes a screw head 61 and a screw rod 62, and the bottom surface of the screw head 61 is a slope 610. The diameter of the screw channel is equal to the diameter of the screw head plus a tolerance, allowing the screw to be dropped or blown from above the screw channel. The screws can be manually thrown in or blown by a screw feeder.
Preferably, the number of the elastic wires 3 is 3-8. The elastic wire 3 may be replaced with an elastic sheet. The following description will be made by taking an elastic yarn as an example.
Be equipped with on the internal perisporium of screw channel 2 and be used for installing the elastic wire and retrain the elastic wire and take place mounting groove 4 of deformation, this mounting groove 4 is highly by the inslot to notch direction grow gradually in vertical direction, and mounting groove 4 has upper wall 41 and lower wall 42, upper wall 41 and lower wall 42 are the curved surface of downwarping, and the centrifugal end of elastic wire 3 is fixed in mounting groove 4, and it stretches out the notch and towards screw channel center to centripetal end 31, and the upside of elastic wire 3 contacts with the upper wall 41 of mounting groove 4 to under the restraint of upper wall 41, centripetal end 31 of elastic wire is downwarping, and centripetal end 31 of elastic wire encloses into the spacing mouth 5 that the screw rod that supplies the screw passes through. The centrifugal end refers to the end far away from the center of the screw channel, and the centripetal end refers to the end close to the screw channel. The upper wall 41 of the mounting groove of the present embodiment is in the shape of a downward curved arc, and such a structural design is suitable for a screw with a head of the screw having a bottom surface which is an inclined surface.
The limiting opening 5 surrounded by the centripetal end 31 of the elastic sheet is larger than the diameter of the screwdriver head, the limiting opening 5 surrounded by the centripetal end of the elastic sheet can allow the screwdriver head to pass through without generating any friction, the screwdriver head is not in contact with the elastic sheet after the screw passes through and the elastic sheet/wire returns, and therefore the processing speed is improved. Also, due to the non-contact design, the elastic sheet 5 is not worn, and the durability is improved.
In order to reduce the friction between the head of the screw and the elastic wire when the screw passes through, the tangential end 31 of the elastic sheet 3 has a rounded corner shape along the vertical tangent plane.
In addition, the lower wall 42 at the slot of the mounting slot 4 is retracted into the slot to form a receiving slot 40 (as shown in fig. 1), when the screw passes through, the end of the elastic wire toward the radial end 31 is retracted into the slot (as shown in fig. 5), so that the screw passes through smoothly, and the friction between the head of the screw and the elastic wire is further reduced.
The operation and principle of the screw positioning mechanism of the present invention will be described in detail below.
1) As shown in fig. 1, before the screw is fed from above the screw channel, the elastic sheet 3 contacts with the upper wall 41 of the mounting groove, and under the constraint of the upper wall 41 of the mounting groove, the elastic sheet bends downwards towards the center end 31;
2) as shown in fig. 2, the screwdriver bit 7 of the automatic screwing machine enters the screw channel 2 from above, the centripetal end 31 of the elastic plate contacts with the bottom surface 610 of the screw head 61, the elastic plate 3 fixes the screw in a vertical position, and under the constraint of the arc-shaped upper wall 41 of the mounting groove, the centripetal end 31 of the elastic plate has enough prestress to cope with the weight of the screw and the downward pressure of the screwdriver bit, so that the screwdriver bit 7 and the screw 6 can be tightly contacted, and the screw is aligned with the screw hole on the lower workpiece, thereby enabling the screw to correctly enter the workpiece;
3) the screwdriver bit 7 presses the screw 6 to move downwards, and the elastic sheet 3 is further bent when pressed downwards by the screwdriver bit and the screw;
4) the screw continues to move downwards, the head 61 of the screw presses the elastic wire to make the lower side of the elastic wire 3 cling to the lower wall 42 of the mounting groove 4, and the centripetal end 31 of the elastic wire contracts into the receiving opening 40 of the mounting groove 4 (as shown in fig. 5), so that the screw 6 smoothly passes through the screw channel 2 and is finally screwed on the workpiece. The tension (shear) of the spring wire becomes constant under the control of the curvature of the lower wall 42 so as not to create the maximum shear at point C, which could cause metal fatigue.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: first enabling the screw to enter the workpiece vertically. Second, a linear recess (or cross recess, depending on the type of screw) that provides sufficient support to support the screw and allows the down-side driver to be properly inserted into the head of the screw. Thirdly, because the limiting opening formed by the tail end of the elastic wire is larger than the diameter of the screwdriver head, and the screwdriver head is not in contact with the elastic wire, the processing speed can be improved (the existing screw machine has low efficiency, one screw can be locked in about 4 seconds, and one screw can be held in 1 second by adopting the screw positioning mechanism of the invention).
In a further technical scheme, in order to prevent the elastic wire 3 from shifting in the horizontal direction in the process of pressing down, the mounting groove 4 is composed of an upper wall 41, a lower wall 42, a left wall 43 and a right wall 44, the left wall 43 and the right wall 44 are parallel and opposite, the distance between the left wall 43 and the right wall 44 is adaptive to the width of the elastic wire 3, and the radial end of the elastic wire can move up and down and cannot shift in the horizontal direction.
Referring to fig. 9, as a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the vertical section of the centrifugal section (sections a1 to a 2) of the upper wall of the mounting groove for fixing the elastic sheet/wire is a horizontal straight line, and the vertical section of the centripetal section (sections a2 to A3) of the upper wall of the mounting groove is an arc line; the vertical section of the centrifugal section (section B1-section B2) of the lower wall of the mounting groove for fixing the elastic sheets/wires is a horizontal straight line, the vertical section of the centripetal section (section B2-section B3) of the lower wall of the mounting groove is a monotone descending smooth curve, and the tangent line at the tail end (section B3) of the centripetal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove is parallel to the screw channel. The centrifugal section of the upper wall or the lower wall of the mounting groove refers to the part for fixing the elastic sheet/wire, and the rest part is a centripetal section.
The second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment in the main structure, principle and efficacy, and will not be described herein, but the difference is that, as shown in fig. 6 to 7, the mounting groove 4 has an upper wall 41 and a lower wall 42, the vertical section of the upper wall 41 is a horizontal straight line, the lower wall 42 is a downward curved surface, the centrifugal end of the elastic sheet 3 is fixed in the mounting groove 4, the centripetal end 31 thereof extends out of the notch and faces the center of the screw channel, the upper side of the elastic sheet 3 contacts the flat upper wall 41 of the mounting groove 4, the centripetal end 31 of the elastic sheet is perpendicular to the screw channel 2, and the centripetal ends 31 of the elastic sheets enclose a limiting opening 5 for the screw rod of the screw to pass through. The design of the flat upper wall 41 of the mounting groove 4 in this embodiment is suitable for screws in which the bottom surface of the head of the screw is flat. The screw 9 in this embodiment includes a screw head 91 and a threaded shaft 92, and the bottom surface 910 of the screw head 91 is a plane perpendicular to the screw passage.
Referring to fig. 10, as a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the vertical section of the upper wall of the installation groove is a horizontal straight line; the vertical section of the centrifugal section (section B1-section B2) of the lower wall of the mounting groove for fixing the elastic sheets/wires is a horizontal straight line, the vertical section of the centripetal section (section B2-section B3) of the lower wall of the mounting groove is a monotone descending smooth curve, and the tangent line at the tail end (section B3) of the centripetal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove is parallel to the screw channel. The centrifugal section of the upper wall or the lower wall of the mounting groove refers to the part for fixing the elastic sheet/wire, and the rest part is a centripetal section.
A third embodiment, the main structure, principle and efficacy of the first embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment, and are not repeated herein, but the differences are that, as shown in fig. 7 to 8, the mounting groove 4 has an upper wall 41 and a lower wall 42, the centripetal section of the lower wall 42 is a curved surface which is curved downward, the centripetal section of the upper wall 41 is a curved surface, the centripetal section of the upper wall 41 is higher than the centrifugal section, the tangent line of the intersection point of the upper wall and the screw channel is in a horizontal state, the centrifugal end of the elastic sheet 3 is fixed in the mounting groove 4, the centripetal end 31 of the elastic sheet extends out of the notch and faces the center of the screw channel, the upper side of the elastic sheet 3 contacts with the upper wall 41 of the mounting groove 4, and under the constraint of the upper wall 41, the centripetal ends 31 of the elastic sheets are perpendicular to the screw channel 2, and the centripetal ends 31 of. The screw 9 in this embodiment includes a screw head 91 and a threaded shaft 92, and the bottom surface 910 of the screw head 91 is a plane perpendicular to the screw passage. The design of the upper wall 41 of the mounting groove 4 in this embodiment is suitable for screws in which the bottom surface of the head of the screw is flat.
Referring to fig. 11, as a preferred embodiment of this embodiment, the vertical section of the centrifugal section (sections a1 to a 2) of the upper wall of the mounting groove for fixing the elastic sheet/wire is a centripetal upward straight line, and the vertical section of the centripetal section (sections a2 to A3) of the upper wall of the mounting groove is a monotone ascending arc; the vertical section of the centrifugal section (sections B1-B2) of the lower wall of the mounting groove for fixing the elastic sheets/wires is a centripetal upward inclined straight line, the vertical section of the centripetal section (sections B2-B3) of the lower wall of the mounting groove is a double-regulation curve which is upward and downward at first, and the tangent line of the tail end (section B3) of the centripetal section of the lower wall of the mounting groove is parallel to the screw channel. The centrifugal section of the upper wall or the lower wall of the mounting groove refers to the part for fixing the elastic sheet/wire, and the rest part is a centripetal section.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention should not be limited by the description of the present invention, which should be interpreted as a limitation.