CN108186003B - Leakage-proof device for mercury sphygmomanometer - Google Patents

Leakage-proof device for mercury sphygmomanometer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108186003B
CN108186003B CN201711435792.5A CN201711435792A CN108186003B CN 108186003 B CN108186003 B CN 108186003B CN 201711435792 A CN201711435792 A CN 201711435792A CN 108186003 B CN108186003 B CN 108186003B
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mercury
communication hole
upper cavity
spring
sphygmomanometer
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CN108186003A (en
Inventor
张鲜鲜
张志恒
郭惠娟
张小鲜
靳钧男
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Luoyang Central Hospital
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Luoyang Central Hospital
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/022Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
    • A61B5/023Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers the pressure transducers comprising a liquid column
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/02141Details of apparatus construction, e.g. pump units or housings therefor, cuff pressurising systems, arrangements of fluid conduits or circuits

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Biophysics (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Measuring Pulse, Heart Rate, Blood Pressure Or Blood Flow (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a leakage-proof device for a mercury sphygmomanometer. The self-locking valve comprises a valve shell, a permanent magnet and a ball body, wherein the valve shell is provided with an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the top of the upper cavity is provided with an air hole, the bottom of the lower cavity is provided with a mercury inlet, a communication hole is arranged between the upper cavity and the lower cavity, the ball body is arranged in the middle of the communication hole, and the top of the ball body is connected with the top of the communication hole through a second spring; the alarm comprises an alarm element, a power supply, a wire loop for connecting the alarm element and the power supply, and two elastic electrode plates which are connected on the wire loop and made of ferromagnetic substances, wherein the two elastic electrode plates are arranged in the lower cavity of the valve casing and positioned between the permanent magnet and the communication hole. The invention can avoid the leakage of mercury in the glass tube and automatically alarm to remind medical staff under the condition that the cuff air pressure is too high and the mercury switch or the sphygmomanometer is forgotten to be turned off in a skew condition.

Description

Leakage-proof device for mercury sphygmomanometer
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a leakage-proof device for a mercury sphygmomanometer.
Background
Since the first medical sphygmomanometer was invented by italian scientist in 1896, the sphygmomanometer was continuously upgraded and optimized along with scientific development and social progress. Currently, blood pressure meters used by various medical institutions and vast medical workers mainly comprise mercury column type blood pressure meters, spring type blood pressure meters and electronic type blood pressure meters, wherein the mercury column type blood pressure meters are widely used due to the visual structure principle and high precision. However, during actual use, a significant drawback is also exposed: mercury easily leaks from the position of the atmospheric communication port at the top of the glass tube. The reasons for mercury leakage in clinical use are mainly three: (1) the squeezing air bag is excessively violent or excessively squeezed, so that the air pressure of the cuff is excessively high, (2) after the use is finished, the mercury switch is forgotten to be closed, so that mercury in the groove flows back into the scale glass tube or is blocked, and (3) because of unstable working table, improper operation or improper storage, the sphygmomanometer overturns and tilts, so that the mercury in the groove flows back, and the mercury is leaked. Because of the fluidity, volatility and other characteristics of mercury, mercury leakage is often not easy to detect, so that the measurement accuracy is obviously affected, and serious accidents and pollution are also caused.
In 1992, chinese patent discloses a "leakage-proof device for mercury of sphygmomanometer" (application number 92219087.9), which effectively solves the problem of mercury leakage caused by forgetting to turn off the mercury switch, namely the reason (2), but cannot effectively prevent and solve the reasons (1) and (3) by means of members such as a leakage-proof rod and a switch handle. The 2003 discloses a novel mercury leakage prevention device (application number is 02277058.5) of a sphygmomanometer, wherein a thin-wall rotator is additionally arranged at a vent of a conventional mercury type sphygmomanometer, so that leaked mercury can be collected, but the leakage of mercury cannot be effectively avoided, the thin-wall rotator is large in size and easy to crush, the conventional sphygmomanometer is not beneficial to improvement, and mercury pollution and mercury density change are easily caused by using a flexible catheter, so that measurement accuracy is affected. In 2004, a "leakage-proof automatic switch-type sphygmomanometer" (application number 03250369.5) is disclosed, and the sphygmomanometer is provided with a slide plate seat, a rack, a gear and other mechanisms, so that when a box body is opened and closed, a mercury switch is automatically opened and closed, thereby effectively avoiding mercury leakage, but the leakage of mercury cannot be effectively prevented and warned when the device is malfunctioning due to abrasion of the mechanism such as the slide plate seat on the basis of the existing sphygmomanometer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a leakage-proof device for a mercury sphygmomanometer, which can avoid the leakage of mercury in a glass tube and automatically alarm to remind medical staff of paying attention under the conditions that the cuff air pressure is too high and a mercury switch is forgotten to be closed or the sphygmomanometer is askew.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a leak protection device for mercury sphygmomanometer, including self-locking valve and siren, the self-locking valve includes the valve casing and sets up permanent magnet and the spheroid that adopts ferromagnetic substance to make in the valve casing, the valve casing has upper portion cavity and lower cavity, the top of upper portion cavity is equipped with the bleeder vent, there is mercury import bottom of lower cavity, be equipped with the intercommunicating pore that the longitudinal section is fusiform between upper portion cavity and the lower cavity, the bottom of permanent magnet is connected with mercury import through first spring, the spheroid sets up in the middle part of intercommunicating pore, the top of spheroid is connected with the top of intercommunicating pore through the second spring, and the diameter of spheroid is less than the bore at intercommunicating pore middle part and is greater than the bore at intercommunicating pore both ends; the alarm comprises an alarm element, a power supply, a wire loop for connecting the alarm element and the power supply, and two elastic electrode plates which are connected on the wire loop and made of ferromagnetic substances, wherein the two elastic electrode plates are connected or separated to control the opening and closing of the wire loop, are arranged in the lower cavity of the valve casing and are positioned between the permanent magnet and the communication hole, and are mutually spaced and are parallel to the first spring.
Preferably, a first supporting block used for being connected with the first spring is arranged on the valve housing at the position of the mercury inlet; a second supporting block used for being connected with a second spring is arranged on the valve housing at the top of the communication hole.
Preferably, the longitudinal section of the upper cavity is semicircular, the communication hole is connected with the middle position of the arc section of the upper cavity, and a buffer tube connected with the air holes is arranged in the upper cavity.
Preferably, the alarm element comprises a flashing light and a voice chip arranged in series.
Preferably, the alarm element and the power supply are provided in the same housing.
Advantageous effects
The mercury-type sphygmomanometer has the advantages of simple structure, visual principle, small volume, low cost and excellent performance, does not influence the original sphygmomanometer structure, can be produced in batch in factories, and is widely suitable for the mercury-type sphygmomanometers in the current medical institutions.
The upper cavity and the lower cavity are communicated through the communication hole when the self-locking valve is in a normal state, so that the self-locking valve is in an open state and can be arranged at the air pressure balance port position at the upper end of the glass scale tube of the existing mercury sphygmomanometer, and normal measurement of blood pressure of a user is not affected. When mercury flows through the lower cavity of the self-locking valve due to the reasons of over-extrusion, turning over of the sphygmomanometer or forgetting to close the valve, the permanent magnet in the self-locking valve floats on the surface of the mercury and overcomes the pulling force of the first spring along with the rising of the mercury in the lower cavity of the self-locking valve. When passing through the two elastic electrode plates, the two elastic electrode plates are mutually attracted, and the power supply of the alarm is connected to give an alarm to remind a user of finding an accident.
When the permanent magnet approaches to the sphere made of ferromagnetic substances, the magnetic force makes the sphere drop down to close the communication hole between the lower cavity and the upper cavity, so that mercury flow is blocked. When mercury flows back to the mercury pot of the mercury sphygmomanometer through the guide pipe, the buoyancy of the permanent magnet disappears, the ball falls back to the original position under the action of the first spring, the magnetic force received by the ball weakens, the ball rises to the original position under the action of the second spring, meanwhile, the two elastic electrode plates are mutually disconnected, and the alarm stops alarming. The two elastic electrode plates are arranged in the lower cavity, can be mutually jointed through the magnetic force of the permanent magnet, and can be directly electrically communicated through mercury after mercury leaks into the lower cavity, so that whether the mercury leaks or not can be detected in real time through the alarm.
In addition, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, due to the special design of the upper cavity of the self-locking valve, a small amount of mercury is temporarily stored in the upper cavity after leakage, and finally automatically flows back to the mercury kettle. The device can be modified on the basis of the existing mercury meter, does not affect the original structure and function, and is convenient to use and reliable in operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention mated with a conventional mercury thermometer mount;
the marks in the figure: 1. the voice chip, 2, the power supply, 3, the wire loop, 4, the first supporting block, 5, the mercury inlet, 6, the first spring, 7, the permanent magnet, 8, the lower cavity, 9, the valve shell, 10, the sphere, 11, a second spring, 12, a second supporting block, 13, an upper cavity, 14, a buffer tube, 15, ventilation holes, 16, a communication hole, 17, an elastic electrode plate, 18, a shell, 19 and a flash lamp.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the leakage prevention device for the mercury sphygmomanometer comprises a self-locking valve and an alarm, wherein the self-locking valve can be arranged on an air pressure balance hole at the upper end of a glass scale tube of the conventional mercury sphygmomanometer, and can automatically control when mercury leaks through the air pressure balance hole to prevent the mercury from leaking. The alarm can be arranged at a conspicuous position on the mercury sphygmomanometer, and can automatically alarm when mercury leaks so as to remind operators of paying attention.
The self-locking valve comprises a valve shell 9, a permanent magnet 7 arranged in the valve shell 9 and a ball body 10 made of ferromagnetic substances, wherein attractive acting force exists between the permanent magnet 7 and the ball body 10. The valve housing 9 is provided with an upper cavity 13 and a lower cavity 8, the top of the upper cavity 13 is provided with an air vent 15, the bottom of the lower cavity 8 is provided with a mercury inlet 5, a communication hole 16 with a spindle-shaped longitudinal section is arranged between the upper cavity 13 and the lower cavity 8, and the bottom of the permanent magnet 7 is connected with the mercury inlet 5 through a first spring 6.
The sphere 10 is disposed in the middle of the communication hole 16, the top of the sphere 10 is connected with the top of the communication hole 16 through the second spring 11, and the diameter of the sphere 10 is smaller than the caliber of the middle of the communication hole 16 and larger than the calibers of the two ends of the communication hole 16. Under the state of no mercury leakage, the first spring 6 is in a compressed state, the permanent magnet 7 is jacked up, and the permanent magnet 7 is prevented from blocking the mercury inlet 5. The second spring 11 is the stay cord state, makes spheroid 10 be located the middle part of intercommunicating pore 16 all the time when there is not mercury leakage through the pulling force of second spring 11 and the self gravity of spheroid 10, communicates each other between lower part cavity 8 and the upper portion cavity 13, and bleeder vent 15 and mercury import 5 communicate each other, do not influence the normal measurement blood pressure of user.
When the mercury sphygmomanometer is used, the air bag is too hard due to extrusionOr excessively squeezing to make the cuff pressure excessively high, when mercury leaks out through the top of the glass scale tube of the mercury sphygmomanometer, mercury firstly enters the lower cavity 8 of the self-locking valve, because of the mercury density (13.6 g/cm at standard atmospheric pressure) 3 ) Far greater than the density of the permanent magnet 7 (7.4-7.6 g/cm at normal atmospheric pressure) 3 ) From archimedes' principle it is known that: the permanent magnet 7 will be subjected to the buoyancy force of mercury and float on the surface of mercury, the exposed mercury surface being about half the height of the permanent magnet 7. Along with the increase of the leakage amount of mercury, the permanent magnet 7 is continuously lifted against the pulling force of the second spring 11 through the buoyancy force of mercury, after a certain distance is reached from the ball 10 above, the ball 10 is attracted by the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 7 to descend, and further the communication hole 16 between the upper cavity 13 and the lower cavity 8 is closed through the ball 10, and the leaked mercury only exists in the lower cavity 8 and cannot further exist in the upper cavity 13. After the cuff pressure is released, in the process that mercury returns to the mercury pot of the mercury sphygmomanometer again, the permanent magnet 7 and the ball 10 return to the original positions under the action of the first spring 6 and the second spring 11 respectively, and the communication hole 16 is opened again, so that the continuous use of the mercury thermometer is not influenced.
The alarm comprises an alarm element, a power supply 2, a wire loop 3 for connecting the alarm element and the power supply 2, and two elastic electrode pads 17 connected to the wire loop 3 and made of ferromagnetic material. The alarm element and the power supply 2 are arranged in the same shell 18, so that the device is convenient to be matched with a conventional mercury sphygmomanometer. Both the elastic electrode pieces 17 are disposed in the lower cavity 8 of the valve housing 9 at positions between the permanent magnet 7 and the communication hole 16, and both the elastic electrode pieces 17 are spaced apart from each other and disposed parallel to the first spring 6. When the leaked mercury buoyancy pushes the permanent magnet 7 to rise through the two elastic electrode plates 17, as shown in fig. 1, one elastic electrode plate 17 positioned on the right side is fixed with the valve housing 9 by virtue of the lower end, and the upper end is inclined to the left side under the action of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet 7, so that the upper end of one elastic electrode plate 17 positioned on the left side is jointed, and the alarm element is jointed with the power supply 2 through the wire loop 3, and comprises a flash lamp 19 and the voice chip 1 which are connected in series, so that the alarm simultaneously emits an audible and visual alarm to remind a user of mercury leakage.
The two elastic electrode plates 17 can be connected by magnetic force when being displaced to a certain position through the permanent magnet 7, and can also be connected by the conductive capability of the mercury body poured into the lower cavity 8, so that a mercury switch is forgotten to be closed after the use is finished, or the sphygmomanometer is overturned and skewed due to unstable workbench, improper operation or improper storage, and an alarm is given out when mercury in the groove flows back to the lower cavity 8, and the mercury leakage is monitored in real time.
In this embodiment, a first support block 4 for connection with a first spring 6 is provided on the valve housing 9 at the position of the mercury inlet 5; a second support block 12 for connection with the second spring 11 is provided on the valve housing 9 at a position on top of the communication hole 16. The longitudinal section of the upper cavity 13 is semicircular, the communication hole 16 is connected with the middle position of the arc section of the upper cavity 13, the air holes 15 are formed in the plane at the top of the upper cavity 13, and the buffer tube 14 connected with the air holes 15 is arranged in the upper cavity 13. The special design of the upper cavity 13 can enable the leakage to occur faster, the ball 10 can not fall down, or when the sphygmomanometer turns on one's side, mercury in the lower cavity 8 can not push the permanent magnet 7 to move towards the ball 10, a small amount of mercury can pass through the communication hole 16 and then enter the upper cavity 13, the mercury is sprayed towards the outer edge of the upper cavity 13 through the diversion effect of the second supporting block 12 positioned at the center of the upper end of the communication hole 16, and the mercury is blocked by the upper end of the upper cavity 13 and the buffer tube 14, so that the leaked mercury can not be directly sprayed out through the ventilation holes 15. At this time, the two elastic electrode plates 17 are connected through the conduction action of the mercury body, the alarm is controlled to give an alarm, an operator can quickly respond after the alarm information is obtained, the mercury sphygmomanometer is rightly placed, and mercury leaked into the upper cavity 13 flows back into the mercury pot of the mercury sphygmomanometer under the action of gravity.
It is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (3)

1. A leak protection device for mercury sphygmomanometer, its characterized in that: the self-locking valve comprises a valve shell (9), a permanent magnet (7) and a ball body (10) which are arranged in the valve shell (9) and made of ferromagnetic substances, wherein the valve shell (9) is provided with an upper cavity (13) and a lower cavity (8), the top of the upper cavity (13) is provided with an air vent (15), the bottom of the lower cavity (8) is provided with a mercury inlet (5), a communication hole (16) with a spindle-shaped longitudinal section is arranged between the upper cavity (13) and the lower cavity (8), the bottom of the permanent magnet (7) is connected with the mercury inlet (5) through a first spring (6), the ball body (10) is arranged in the middle of the communication hole (16), the top of the ball body (10) is connected with the top of the communication hole (16) through a second spring (11), and the diameter of the ball body (10) is smaller than the caliber of the middle of the communication hole (16) and larger than the caliber of two ends of the communication hole (16). The alarm comprises an alarm element, a power supply (2), a wire loop (3) for connecting the alarm element and the power supply (2) and two elastic electrode plates (17) which are connected to the wire loop (3) and made of ferromagnetic substances, wherein the two elastic electrode plates (17) are connected or separated to control the opening and closing of the wire loop (3), the two elastic electrode plates (17) are arranged in a lower cavity (8) of a valve casing (9) and positioned between a permanent magnet (7) and a communication hole (16), and the two elastic electrode plates (17) are mutually spaced and are arranged parallel to a first spring (6);
a first supporting block (4) used for being connected with a first spring (6) is arranged on the valve shell (9) at the position of the mercury inlet (5); a second supporting block (12) used for being connected with a second spring (11) is arranged on the valve housing (9) at the top of the communication hole (16);
the longitudinal section of the upper cavity (13) is semicircular, the communication hole (16) is connected with the middle position of the arc section of the upper cavity (13), and a buffer tube (14) connected with the ventilation holes (15) is arranged in the upper cavity (13).
2. A leak prevention apparatus for a mercury sphygmomanometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the alarm element comprises a flash (20) and a voice chip (1) arranged in series.
3. A leak prevention apparatus for a mercury sphygmomanometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the alarm element and the power supply (2) are arranged in the same housing (17).
CN201711435792.5A 2017-12-26 2017-12-26 Leakage-proof device for mercury sphygmomanometer Active CN108186003B (en)

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CN108186003B true CN108186003B (en) 2024-02-23

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109350029B (en) * 2018-09-21 2021-02-26 贵州省习水县人民医院 Anti-leakage mercury sphygmomanometer
CN112056308B (en) * 2020-09-18 2024-05-28 山东大学 Magnetic sealing type vitrified tissue freezing preservation tube

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2121207U (en) * 1991-11-21 1992-11-11 王德增 Over-error warning monitor for sphygmomanometer
CN2161258Y (en) * 1993-05-15 1994-04-13 翟力新 Mercurial sphygmomanometer
CN2422937Y (en) * 2000-01-29 2001-03-14 侯梅荣 Portable alarm desk sphygmomanometer
KR200394001Y1 (en) * 2005-06-07 2005-08-25 성두창 Alarm device using in airconditioner
CN201108429Y (en) * 2007-12-06 2008-09-03 孔庆忠 Lighting, water leakage prevention silver type hemomanometer
CN201631184U (en) * 2010-03-19 2010-11-17 罗清菊 Mercury sphygmomanometer
CN209032345U (en) * 2017-12-26 2019-06-28 洛阳市中心医院 A kind of device for preventing leakage for mercurial sphygmomanometer

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2121207U (en) * 1991-11-21 1992-11-11 王德增 Over-error warning monitor for sphygmomanometer
CN2161258Y (en) * 1993-05-15 1994-04-13 翟力新 Mercurial sphygmomanometer
CN2422937Y (en) * 2000-01-29 2001-03-14 侯梅荣 Portable alarm desk sphygmomanometer
KR200394001Y1 (en) * 2005-06-07 2005-08-25 성두창 Alarm device using in airconditioner
CN201108429Y (en) * 2007-12-06 2008-09-03 孔庆忠 Lighting, water leakage prevention silver type hemomanometer
CN201631184U (en) * 2010-03-19 2010-11-17 罗清菊 Mercury sphygmomanometer
CN209032345U (en) * 2017-12-26 2019-06-28 洛阳市中心医院 A kind of device for preventing leakage for mercurial sphygmomanometer

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