CN108178578B - Underwater undispersed concrete - Google Patents
Underwater undispersed concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN108178578B CN108178578B CN201810046011.1A CN201810046011A CN108178578B CN 108178578 B CN108178578 B CN 108178578B CN 201810046011 A CN201810046011 A CN 201810046011A CN 108178578 B CN108178578 B CN 108178578B
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- parts
- screen residue
- underwater
- flocculant
- concrete
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/08—Acids or salts thereof
- C04B22/14—Acids or salts thereof containing sulfur in the anion, e.g. sulfides
- C04B22/142—Sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/74—Underwater applications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention discloses underwater undispersed concrete, and belongs to the technical field of building materials. The concrete comprises 350-400 parts of medium sand, 650-750 parts of broken stone, 150-300 parts of cement, 20-50 parts of mineral admixture, 5-15 parts of flocculating agent, 5-10 parts of water reducing agent, 3-6 parts of expanding agent, 2-5 parts of coagulation regulator and 100-250 parts of water; the flocculant consists of a modified methyl cellulose flocculant and a polymeric ferric silicate sulfate flocculant in a mass ratio of (5-3): 1. the underwater undispersed concrete has the advantages of strong washing resistance and short construction period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to underwater undispersed concrete, and belongs to the technical field of building materials.
Background
Concrete has remained one of the most dominant and most used building materials in underwater construction to date. The performance of concrete will directly affect the quality and progress of underwater work. Therefore, the research on the performance of underwater concrete and the construction technology are receiving more and more attention from the engineering technology field. It is known that cement is a hydraulic material, but when concrete mixture is directly poured into water, aggregates are separated from cement by the flushing action of water when the mixture falls down in water, and part of the aggregates is carried away by water and remains in a suspended state for a long period of time. When the cement sinks, it is already in a solidified state and loses the ability to bond the aggregate. Therefore, concrete mixtures directly poured in water are generally divided into a layer of sand and gravel aggregates and a layer of thin cement flocs or cement slag with low strength, and cannot meet engineering requirements. Therefore, underwater concrete has historically required placement in isolation from ambient water, with the placement process not being interrupted to reduce the adverse effects of water, and with the amount of undesirable strength concrete removed after it has hardened.
One type is cofferdam firstly and then drainage, the construction of the concrete is the same as that of the land, and the defects of large construction amount, high construction cost, long construction period and the like exist; the other is to separate the concrete from the environmental water by using special construction machines and tools, and directly send the concrete mixture to the underwater engineering part, mainly including a conduit method, a pre-filled aggregate grouting method, a mold bag method, a bottom opening container method and the like. The construction methods enable concrete mixtures to be easily washed by water to cause serious segregation of materials, cement loss, concrete quality reduction and environmental pollution. The key of the conventional underwater concrete pouring is to prevent the concrete from contacting with water as much as possible, but the construction process becomes complicated, the construction period becomes long, the engineering cost is greatly increased, and the quality of the underwater concrete is difficult to ensure. With the offshore development and the construction of a large number of underwater structural projects, particularly the development and utilization in ocean deepwater areas, the requirements on the quality of concrete underwater pouring and construction are higher and higher, so that the modification of the traditional underwater concrete is necessary to overcome the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the underwater concrete is easy to disperse in the actual use process, the quality of the concrete is influenced, the process is complex and the construction period is long due to water-resisting construction in the prior art, and provides a novel underwater undispersed concrete.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an underwater undispersed concrete, characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-400 parts of medium sand, 650-750 parts of broken stone, 150-300 parts of cement, 20-50 parts of mineral admixture, 5-15 parts of flocculant, 5-10 parts of water reducing agent, 3-6 parts of expanding agent, 2-5 parts of pour regulator and 100-250 parts of water; the flocculant consists of a modified methyl cellulose flocculant and a polymeric ferric silicate sulfate flocculant in a mass ratio of (5-3): 1.
the preparation method of the modified methylcellulose flocculant comprises the following steps:
adding methyl cellulose and acrylamide monomers into a reaction kettle, adding deionized water, heating to 35 ℃, introducing nitrogen for 20min, adding equivalent potassium persulfate, ferrous chloride and ammonium persulfate, carrying out polymerization reaction, polymerizing for 7h, drying and crushing.
The preparation method of the polymeric ferric silicate sulfate flocculant comprises the following steps:
diluting sodium silicate with distilled water to SiO2And (3) adding a certain amount of sulfuric acid with the concentration of 2.0%, adjusting the pH value, adding a ferric sulfate solution, uniformly stirring, and drying to obtain the solid ferric polysilicate sulfate flocculant.
In order to better realize the invention, further, preferably, the mass ratio of the modified methylcellulose flocculant to the polyferric silicate sulfate flocculant is 4:1, and the two flocculants in the ratio have the best synergistic effect.
Further, the mud content of the medium sand is less than 1%; the fineness modulus is 2.4-3.0, and the particle size distribution range is as follows: 5-7% of 4.75mm screen residue, 12-15% of 2.5mm screen residue, 22-25% of 1.18mm screen residue, 50-54% of 0.6mm screen residue, 80-82% of 0.315mm screen residue and 94-96% of 0.16mm screen residue.
Furthermore, the needle shape of the macadam is less than 8 percent, and the mud content is less than 0.5 percent; particle size distribution range: 1-2% of 25mm screen residue, 28-30% of 20mm screen residue, 60-65% of 16mm screen residue, 95-98% of 10mm screen residue and 100% of 5mm screen residue.
Further, the cement is ordinary portland cement.
Further, the mineral admixture is slag.
Further, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Further, the swelling agent is a UEA swelling agent.
Further, the set regulating agent is gypsum, and specifically, the set regulating agent can be one of natural gypsum, mixed gypsum and industrial by-product gypsum.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention makes concrete possess underwater anti-dispersion property and excellent self-leveling and filling property by selecting raw material and proportioning design, concretely, the specific selected composite flocculant in the invention has a high molecular compound long chain structure, and can adsorb on cement particles by some living functional groups on long carbon chains, so that a criss-cross 'bridging' connection is formed, thereby connecting various particles in concrete together to form a stable floc group structure, and on the other hand, the flocculant functional groups have hydroxyl groups, and can form hydrogen bonds with mixed water molecules, so that the affinity between the flocculant and the water molecules is increased. The composite flocculant can furthest and lowly increase the viscosity of concrete mixtures, effectively inhibit the separation of cement and aggregates, and ensure that the concrete has good washing resistance in water on the premise of meeting the workability.
The invention adds the expanding agent and the set regulating agent in a specific proportion to enable the cement to be more quickly set and hardened so as to shorten the construction period.
(2) In the invention, the mud content of the medium sand is preferably less than 1%; the fineness modulus is 2.4-3.0, and the particle size distribution range is as follows: 5-7% of 4.75mm screen residue, 12-15% of 2.5mm screen residue, 22-25% of 1.18mm screen residue, 50-54% of 0.6mm screen residue, 80-82% of 0.315mm screen residue and 94-96% of 0.16mm screen residue.
(3) In the invention, the needle shape of the macadam is less than 8 percent, and the mud content is less than 0.5 percent; particle size distribution range: 1-2% of 25mm screen residue, 28-30% of 20mm screen residue, 60-65% of 16mm screen residue, 95-98% of 10mm screen residue and 100% of 5mm screen residue. The needle shape is controlled within a certain range to improve the strength of the concrete. Particularly, the flaky rubble of needle can make the total void fraction grow of concrete, is broken easily after the atress to reduce the intensity of concrete, in addition, the flaky rubble of needle still can increase the frictional force of concrete, makes the workability among the stirring process poor, makes parcel nature, cohesiveness worsen, and tends to a direction and arranges, is difficult to vibrate closely knit. The specific grading design aims to form the best matching use effect with the sand in the fine aggregate, and provides good fluidity, certain cohesiveness and water retention for the concrete.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
The underwater undispersed concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350 parts of medium sand, 650 parts of broken stone, 150 parts of cement, 20 parts of mineral admixture, 5 parts of flocculant, 5 parts of water reducing agent, 3 parts of expanding agent, 2 parts of coagulation regulator and 100 parts of water; the flocculant consists of a modified methyl cellulose flocculant and a polymeric ferric silicate sulfate flocculant in a mass ratio of 5: 1.
in the embodiment, the mud content of the medium sand is less than 1 percent; the fineness modulus is 2.4-3.0, and the particle size distribution range is as follows: 5-7% of 4.75mm screen residue, 12-15% of 2.5mm screen residue, 22-25% of 1.18mm screen residue, 50-54% of 0.6mm screen residue, 80-82% of 0.315mm screen residue and 94-96% of 0.16mm screen residue.
In the embodiment, the needle shape of the macadam is less than 8 percent, and the mud content is less than 0.5 percent; particle size distribution range: 1-2% of 25mm screen residue, 28-30% of 20mm screen residue, 60-65% of 16mm screen residue, 95-98% of 10mm screen residue and 100% of 5mm screen residue.
The cement in this example is Portland cement 42.5.
The mineral admixture in this example is slag.
The water reducing agent in the embodiment is a polycarboxylate water reducing agent, and in the preparation process of the polycarboxylate water reducing agent in the embodiment, the raw material ratio is as follows: 3-5% of terminal alkylene polyoxyethylene ether, 1.5-3% of maleic anhydride, 1-2% of ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite, 6-8% of methacrylic acid, 2-3% of thioglycolic acid, 0.5-1% of vitamin C, 1.5-3% of methacrylamide, 2-4% of 2-acrylamide-2-methyl propyl sodium sulfonate, 0.5-1% of sodium hydroxide and 70-82% of water.
The expansion agent in this example is a UEA expansion agent.
The set control agent in this example is natural gypsum.
Example 2
The underwater undispersed concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of medium sand, 750 parts of broken stone, 300 parts of cement, 50 parts of mineral admixture, 15 parts of flocculant, 10 parts of water reducing agent, 6 parts of expanding agent, 5 parts of coagulation regulator and 250 parts of water; the flocculant consists of a modified methyl cellulose flocculant and a polymeric ferric silicate sulfate flocculant in a mass ratio of 3: 1.
in the embodiment, the mud content of the medium sand is less than 1 percent; the fineness modulus is 2.4-3.0, and the particle size distribution range is as follows: 5-7% of 4.75mm screen residue, 12-15% of 2.5mm screen residue, 22-25% of 1.18mm screen residue, 50-54% of 0.6mm screen residue, 80-82% of 0.315mm screen residue and 94-96% of 0.16mm screen residue.
In the embodiment, the needle shape of the macadam is less than 8 percent, and the mud content is less than 0.5 percent; particle size distribution range: 1-2% of 25mm screen residue, 28-30% of 20mm screen residue, 60-65% of 16mm screen residue, 95-98% of 10mm screen residue and 100% of 5mm screen residue.
The cement in this example is Portland cement 42.5.
The mineral admixture in this example is slag.
The water reducing agent in the embodiment is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The expansion agent in this example is a UEA expansion agent.
The set control agent in this example is natural gypsum.
Example 3
The underwater undispersed concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 380 parts of medium sand, 700 parts of crushed stone, 200 parts of cement, 30 parts of mineral admixture, 10 parts of flocculant, 8 parts of water reducing agent, 4 parts of expanding agent, 3 parts of coagulation regulator and 200 parts of water; the flocculant consists of a modified methyl cellulose flocculant and a polymeric ferric silicate sulfate flocculant in a mass ratio of 4: 1.
in the embodiment, the mud content of the medium sand is less than 1 percent; the fineness modulus is 2.4-3.0, and the particle size distribution range is as follows: 5-7% of 4.75mm screen residue, 12-15% of 2.5mm screen residue, 22-25% of 1.18mm screen residue, 50-54% of 0.6mm screen residue, 80-82% of 0.315mm screen residue and 94-96% of 0.16mm screen residue.
In the embodiment, the needle shape of the macadam is less than 8 percent, and the mud content is less than 0.5 percent; particle size distribution range: 1-2% of 25mm screen residue, 28-30% of 20mm screen residue, 60-65% of 16mm screen residue, 95-98% of 10mm screen residue and 100% of 5mm screen residue.
The cement in this example is Portland cement 42.5.
The mineral admixture in this example is slag.
The water reducing agent in the embodiment is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The expansion agent in this example is a UEA expansion agent.
The set control agent in this example is an industrial by-product gypsum.
Example 4
An underwater undispersed concrete, characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of medium sand, 750 parts of broken stone, 250 parts of cement, 30 parts of mineral admixture, 15 parts of flocculant, 6 parts of water reducing agent, 6 parts of expanding agent, 2 parts of coagulation regulator and 250 parts of water; the flocculant consists of a modified methyl cellulose flocculant and a polymeric ferric silicate sulfate flocculant in a mass ratio of 3.5: 1.
in the embodiment, the mud content of the medium sand is less than 1 percent; the fineness modulus is 2.4-3.0, and the particle size distribution range is as follows: 5-7% of 4.75mm screen residue, 12-15% of 2.5mm screen residue, 22-25% of 1.18mm screen residue, 50-54% of 0.6mm screen residue, 80-82% of 0.315mm screen residue and 94-96% of 0.16mm screen residue.
In the embodiment, the needle shape of the macadam is less than 8 percent, and the mud content is less than 0.5 percent; particle size distribution range: 1-2% of 25mm screen residue, 28-30% of 20mm screen residue, 60-65% of 16mm screen residue, 95-98% of 10mm screen residue and 100% of 5mm screen residue.
The cement in this example is Portland cement 42.5.
The mineral admixture in this example is slag.
The water reducing agent in the embodiment is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The expansion agent in this example is a UEA expansion agent.
The set control agent in this example is natural gypsum.
Example 5
This example differs from example 3 in that: the flocculating agent is a polysilicate ferric sulfate flocculating agent.
Example 6
This example differs from example 3 in that: the flocculant is a modified methyl cellulose flocculant.
Example 7
This example differs from example 3 in that: the swelling agent and the set control agent are not included in this example.
Example 8
The concrete of examples 1 to 7 was subjected to a performance test, and the results were as follows:
the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications and equivalent variations of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An underwater undispersed concrete, characterized in that: the composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 350-400 parts of medium sand, 650-750 parts of broken stone, 150-300 parts of cement, 20-50 parts of mineral admixture, 5-15 parts of flocculant, 5-10 parts of water reducing agent, 3-6 parts of expanding agent, 2-5 parts of pour regulator and 100-250 parts of water; the flocculant consists of a modified methyl cellulose flocculant and a polymeric ferric silicate sulfate flocculant in a mass ratio of (5-3): 1.
2. the underwater nondispersive concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the modified methylcellulose flocculant to the polymeric ferric silicate sulfate flocculant is 4: 1.
3. The underwater nondispersive concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the mud content of the medium sand is less than 1 percent; the fineness modulus is 2.4-3.0, and the particle size distribution range is as follows: 5-7% of 4.75mm screen residue, 12-15% of 2.5mm screen residue, 22-25% of 1.18mm screen residue, 50-54% of 0.6mm screen residue, 80-82% of 0.315mm screen residue and 94-96% of 0.16mm screen residue.
4. The underwater nondispersive concrete according to claim 3, wherein: the needle shape of the macadam is less than 8 percent, and the mud content is less than 0.5 percent; particle size distribution range: 1-2% of 25mm screen residue, 28-30% of 20mm screen residue, 60-65% of 16mm screen residue, 95-98% of 10mm screen residue and 100% of 5mm screen residue.
5. The underwater nondispersive concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the cement is ordinary portland cement.
6. The underwater nondispersive concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the mineral admixture is slag.
7. The underwater nondispersive concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
8. The underwater nondispersive concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the swelling agent is a UEA swelling agent.
9. The underwater nondispersive concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the coagulation regulator is gypsum.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810046011.1A CN108178578B (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2018-01-17 | Underwater undispersed concrete |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810046011.1A CN108178578B (en) | 2018-01-17 | 2018-01-17 | Underwater undispersed concrete |
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| CN108178578A CN108178578A (en) | 2018-06-19 |
| CN108178578B true CN108178578B (en) | 2020-10-02 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108439902A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-08-24 | 安徽省康宇水电机械成套设备有限公司 | A kind of underwater concrete formula |
| CN111517727B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2021-12-03 | 深圳市东大洋建材有限公司 | Concrete for underwater engineering and preparation method thereof |
| CN114988756B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-02-03 | 江苏申御特种建材有限公司 | Underwater anti-dispersion expanding agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN115557757A (en) * | 2022-11-14 | 2023-01-03 | 安徽省交通控股集团有限公司 | Anti-scouring adjustable-setting dado concrete suitable for underwater construction |
| CN117228983B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-03-01 | 石家庄市长安育才建材有限公司 | Additive for inhibiting flocculant in machine-made sand and preparation method thereof |
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