CN108176795B - Magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for cast aluminum material shell - Google Patents
Magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for cast aluminum material shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN108176795B CN108176795B CN201711227283.3A CN201711227283A CN108176795B CN 108176795 B CN108176795 B CN 108176795B CN 201711227283 A CN201711227283 A CN 201711227283A CN 108176795 B CN108176795 B CN 108176795B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/10—Riveting machines
- B21J15/14—Riveting machines specially adapted for riveting specific articles, e.g. brake lining machines
- B21J15/142—Aerospace structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/10—Riveting machines
- B21J15/16—Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor
- B21J15/24—Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor operated by electro-magnets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/38—Accessories for use in connection with riveting, e.g. pliers for upsetting; Hand tools for riveting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
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- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a magnetic pulse sealing riveting method of a cast aluminum material shell, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: scribing; step two: drilling a guide hole; step three: drilling and reaming holes; step four: manufacturing a double-angle nest; step five: feeding the nails; step six: riveting by adopting electromagnetic pulse; step seven: and (5) inspecting after riveting. The invention provides a high-reliability magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for a cast aluminum material (such as ZL114) shell, the shell can bear 0.35MPa of external axial pressure after riveting, and after the pressure is maintained for 0.5 hour, the pressure drop is +/-0.05 MPa, so that the sealing requirement is met. Compared with the traditional pneumatic hammer riveting mode, the consistency of the riveting heads after the method is used for molding is better, and the riveting efficiency is improved by more than 50%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a magnetic pulse riveting method, and particularly relates to a magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for a cast aluminum material shell.
Background
The underwater launching environment of a certain novel aircraft puts higher requirements on the sealing performance of the whole missile. The design structure of the sealing riveting device adopts a large number of connection forms such as sealing riveting, and the shell after sealing riveting is required to bear 0.35MPa of internal and external pressure to maintain the sealing performance. The riveting quality and reliability of the riveting device are high, and the riveting quality of the riveting device is directly related to the success or failure of transmission.
The sealing riveting is different from the common riveting, has higher requirements on hole making and nest making precision and is not easy to control; the scratch of the nail hole is only allowed to exist on one side of the non-sealing surface, the scratch depth is not more than 0.04mm, and the requirements on the operation technology and experience of operators are high; the upset head must fill the rivet nest; when riveting, the upset head is easy to be inclined, and the air tightness requirement of the interference product is not easy to meet; the hammering forming of the high self-sealing rivet is not easy to control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-reliability magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for a cast aluminum material shell.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for a cast aluminum material shell comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: marking off
Drawing a rivet guide hole position line on a part according to a drawing;
step two: drilling guide hole
Drilling a bottom hole at the scribing position, wherein the aperture diameter of the rivet bottom hole with the diameter of phi 3mm is phi 2.8mm, the aperture diameter of the rivet bottom hole with the diameter of phi 4mm is phi 3.8mm, the aperture diameter of the rivet bottom hole with the diameter of phi 5mm is phi 4, and the holes are ensured to be vertical to the surface of the test piece;
step three: drilling and reaming hole
Controlling the rotation speed to be within 600r/min, reaming the hole, keeping the drill bit vertical to the surface of the part all the time, processing the hole diameters with the precision of phi 3H10, phi 4H10 and phi 5H10, and controlling the tolerance deviation of the hole diameters
Roughness of the hole
The inner surface of the hole is not scratched, and edges, gaps or cracks do not exist around the hole;
step four: double-angle nest
On the sealing surface, a double-angle pit of 82 degrees/30 degrees is manufactured, the pit manufacturing precision is ensured, and the roughness is
Step five: nail feeding device
Inserting a rivet into the rivet hole, arranging the rivet cap on one side of the non-sealing surface, and arranging the rivet rod on one side of the recess;
step six: riveting by electromagnetic pulses
Riveting by adopting a positive riveting mode, wherein a main gun of electromagnetic pulse equipment is contacted with a nail head, and a sub gun is contacted with the side of a nail rod; the rivet head side riveting die is arranged on the main gun, and the rivet tail side riveting die is arranged on the riveting gun; the working surface of the riveting die is provided with a conical surface of 60 degrees; the contact surface of the riveting die and the rivet is protected by being pasted with white adhesive tape; riveting after setting the voltage of the main gun and the auxiliary gun;
step seven: and (5) inspecting after riveting.
In the sixth step of the magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for the cast aluminum material shell, the shape and the size of the working surface of the rivet rod side riveting die are as follows.
TABLE 1
The magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for the cast aluminum material shell comprises the following seven steps: the post-riveting test included the following:
1) gap checking: the rivet head is tightly attached to the surface of the riveted part without a gap, and the upset head is filled with the rivet pit;
2) and (3) molding inspection: after riveting a rivet with the diameter of phi 3mm, the height of the head of the riveted rivet is between 1.2mm and 1.35mm, and the diameter of the head of the riveted rivet is between 5mm and 5.5 mm; after riveting a rivet with the diameter of phi 4mm, the height of the head of the riveted rivet is between 1.6mm and 1.8mm, and the diameter of the head of the riveted rivet is between 5mm and 6.5 mm; after the rivet with the diameter of phi 5mm is riveted, the height of the riveted head is between 2.0mm and 2.25mm, and the diameter is between 7.5mm and 8.5 mm.
In the sixth step of the magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for the cast aluminum material shell, the voltage value is selected as follows with reference to table 2.
TABLE 2
| Rivet diameter mm | Rivet material | Voltage value V |
| Φ3 | 2A10 | 380～550 |
| Φ4 | 2A10 | 460～650 |
| Φ5 | 2A10 | 600～760 |
The magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for the cast aluminum material shell is characterized in that the cast aluminum material is ZL114A cast aluminum material.
According to the magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for the cast aluminum material shell, the double-angle nest is manufactured in the fourth step, and the nest manufacturing is carried out and then the inspection is carried out by using a plug gauge.
According to the magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for the cast aluminum material shell, a test piece test is carried out before the cast aluminum material shell is subjected to magnetic pulse sealing riveting, and the test steps are the same as the steps; the test piece material is the same as the cast aluminum material shell and has the same thickness.
According to the magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for the cast aluminum material shell, the test piece is subjected to interference amount inspection after being riveted.
According to the magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for the cast aluminum material shell, the interference amount is detected to be sawn from two sides to a position close to the rivet along the direction parallel to the axis of the rivet, the plate is pulled apart, the rivet is taken out, the difference between the diameter of the position shown by the measurement by a micrometer and the original aperture is the absolute interference amount, and the requirement of the diameter of the rivet is met
The absolute interference amount is: 0.024-0.15 mm; rivet diameter
The absolute interference amount is: 0.032-0.2 mm; rivet diameter
The absolute interference amount is: 0.04-0.25 mm.
The magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for the cast aluminum material shell adopts the rivet rod side riveting die with the 60-degree shallow cup structure.
The invention has the following effects: the invention provides a high-reliability magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for a cast aluminum material (such as ZL114) shell, the shell can bear 0.35MPa of external axial pressure after riveting, and after the pressure is maintained for 0.5 hour, the pressure drop is +/-0.05 MPa, so that the sealing requirement is met. Compared with the traditional pneumatic hammer riveting mode, the consistency of the riveting heads after the method is used for molding is better, and the riveting efficiency is improved by more than 50%. According to the magnetic pulse sealing riveting method, the sealing riveting of a certain type of shell section is carried out, the riveting performance meets the sealing requirement, the consistency of the riveting head is better than that of manual riveting, and the riveting efficiency is improved by 50% through pneumatic hammer riveting. The invention can be used for connecting a bracket, a support and the like made of materials such as aluminum alloy or steel and the like on the cast aluminum material shell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates the present invention in which a positive riveting manner is used to perform riveting;
FIG. 2 full nail measurement position;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the shape of the working surface of the riveting die.
In the figure: 1, a main gun; 2, a sublance; 3, riveting a die at the nail head side; 4, riveting a tail side of the nail; 5 casting an aluminum material shell; 6 casting an aluminum material shell.
Detailed Description
The magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for the cast aluminum material shell is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The invention relates to a magnetic pulse sealing riveting method of a ZL114A cast aluminum material shell, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: marking off
Drawing the position line of the rivet guide hole on the part according to the drawing.
Step two: drilling guide hole
And drilling a bottom hole at the scribing position, wherein the aperture diameter of the rivet bottom hole with the diameter of 3mm is phi 2.8mm, the aperture diameter of the rivet bottom hole with the diameter of 4mm is phi 3.8mm, the aperture diameter of the rivet bottom hole with the diameter of 5mm is phi 4, and the holes are ensured to be vertical to the surface of the test piece.
Step three: drilling and reaming hole
Controlling the rotation speed to be within 600r/min, reaming the hole, keeping the drill bit vertical to the surface of the part all the time, processing the hole diameters with the precision of phi 3H10, phi 4H10 and phi 5H10, and controlling the tolerance deviation of the hole diameters
Roughness of the hole
The inner surface of the hole is not scratched, and edges, gaps or cracks are not formed around the hole.
Step four: double-angle nest
On the sealing surface, a double-angle socket of 82 degrees/30 degrees is formedThe pit making precision is guaranteed, and the roughness is
After making the pit, the test is carried out by a plug gauge.
Step five: nail feeding device
And a rivet is inserted into the rivet hole, the rivet cap is arranged on one side of the non-sealing surface, and the rivet rod is arranged on one side of the recess.
Step six: electromagnetic pulse riveting
As shown in figure 1, riveting is carried out by adopting a positive riveting mode, a main gun 1 arranged by electromagnetic pulse is contacted with a nail head, and a sub gun 2 is contacted with a nail rod side. The rivet head side riveting die 3 is installed on the main gun 1, and the rivet tail side riveting die 4 is installed on the riveting gun 2. The working surface of the riveting die 4 should have a 60 deg. conical surface as shown in fig. 3. The contact surface of the riveting die 3 and the rivet is protected by being pasted with white adhesive tape;
TABLE 1 working surface shape and size of side riveting die for nail shank
| |
3 | 4 | 5 |
| Groove depth H | 0.8 | 1 | 1 |
| |
3 | 4 | 5 |
Riveting is performed after the voltage of the main gun 1 and the sub gun 2 is set. The selection of the voltage value refers to table 2, but the voltage after the test piece test is taken as the standard;
TABLE 2 common voltages
| Rivet diameter mm | Rivet material | Voltage value V |
| Φ3 | 2A10 | 380～550 |
| Φ4 | 2A10 | 460～650 |
| Φ5 | 2A10 | 600～760 |
Step seven: post-riveting inspection
1) Gap checking: the rivet head is tightly attached to the surface of the riveted part without clearance, and the upset head is filled with the rivet pit.
2) And (3) molding inspection: after riveting a rivet with the diameter of phi 3mm, the height of the head of the riveted rivet is between 1.2mm and 1.35mm, and the diameter of the head of the riveted rivet is between 5mm and 5.5 mm; after riveting a rivet with the diameter of phi 4mm, the height of the head of the riveted rivet is between 1.6mm and 1.8mm, and the diameter of the head of the riveted rivet is between 5mm and 6.5 mm; after the rivet with the diameter of phi 5mm is riveted, the height of the riveted head is between 2.0mm and 2.25mm, and the diameter is between 7.5mm and 8.5 mm.
Example 2
Before carrying out magnetic pulse sealing riveting on the cast aluminum material shell in the embodiment 1, a test piece test is carried out, and the test steps are the same as those in the embodiment 1; the test piece material is the same as a shell made of ZL114A cast aluminum material and has the same thickness.
And (5) carrying out interference amount inspection after riveting the test piece. The interference amount test is only carried out on a riveting test piece, the test piece is prepared according to the size and hole position arrangement method specified in the figure 2, and the material and the thickness of the test piece are the same as those of formal riveting;
after the test piece is riveted, the test piece is sawed from two sides to a position close to the rivet along the direction parallel to the axis of the rivet, the plate is pulled apart, the rivet is taken out, and a micrometer is used for measuring the difference between the diameter of the position shown by D1-D4 and the original aperture, namely the absolute interference quantity, which is shown in figure 3. 1 point on the upper and lower parts of the joint surface of the two parts meets the requirement that the absolute interference quantity of the rivet diameter phi 3 is as follows: 0.024-0.15 mm; the absolute interference amount of the rivet diameter phi 4 is as follows: 0.032-0.2 mm; the absolute interference amount of the rivet diameter phi 5 is as follows: 0.04-0.25 mm.
In order to ensure that the magnetic pulse riveted head does not crack and the rivet interference amount is uniform along the direction of the rivet rod, a rivet rod side riveting die with a 60-degree shallow cup structure is adopted. The riveting voltage is based on the test result of the test piece.
After riveting, the rivet head is tightly attached to the surface of the part to be riveted without a gap, and the rivet socket is filled with the upset head. After riveting a rivet with the diameter of phi 3mm, the height of the head of the riveted rivet is between 1.2mm and 1.35mm, and the diameter of the head of the riveted rivet is between 5mm and 5.5 mm; after riveting a rivet with the diameter of phi 4mm, the height of the head of the riveted rivet is between 1.6mm and 1.8mm, and the diameter of the head of the riveted rivet is between 5mm and 6.5 mm; after the rivet with the diameter of phi 5mm is riveted, the height of the riveted head is between 2.0mm and 2.25mm, and the diameter is between 7.5mm and 8.5 mm.
Claims (5)
1. A magnetic pulse sealing riveting method for a cast aluminum material shell is characterized by comprising the following steps: the cast aluminum material is ZL114A cast aluminum material;
the method comprises the following steps: marking off
Drawing a rivet guide hole position line on a part according to a drawing;
step two: drilling guide hole
Drilling a bottom hole at the scribing position, wherein the aperture diameter of the rivet bottom hole with the diameter of phi 3mm is phi 2.8mm, the aperture diameter of the rivet bottom hole with the diameter of phi 4mm is phi 3.8mm, the aperture diameter of the rivet bottom hole with the diameter of phi 5mm is phi 4, and the holes are ensured to be vertical to the surface of the test piece;
step three: drilling and reaming hole
Controlling the rotation speed to be within 600r/min, reaming the hole, keeping the drill bit vertical to the surface of the part all the time, processing the hole diameters with the precision of phi 3H10, phi 4H10 and phi 5H10, and controlling the tolerance deviation of the hole diameters
Roughness of the hole
The inner surface of the hole is not scratched, and edges, gaps or cracks do not exist around the hole;
step four: double-angle nest
On the sealing surface, a double-angle pit of 82 degrees/30 degrees is manufactured, the pit manufacturing precision is ensured, and the roughness is
Step five: nail feeding device
Inserting a rivet into the rivet hole, arranging the rivet cap on one side of the non-sealing surface, and arranging the rivet rod on one side of the recess;
step six: riveting by electromagnetic pulses
Riveting by adopting a positive riveting mode, wherein a main gun (1) of electromagnetic pulse equipment is contacted with a nail head, and an auxiliary gun (2) is contacted with a side of a nail rod; the rivet head side riveting die (3) is installed on the main gun (1), and the rivet tail side riveting die (4) is installed on the riveting gun (2); the working surface of the riveting die (4) is provided with a conical surface of 60 degrees; the contact surface of the riveting die (3) and the rivet is protected by being pasted with white adhesive tape; riveting after setting the voltage of the main gun (1) and the auxiliary gun (2); adopting a side riveting die of a nail rod with a 60-degree shallow cup structure;
step seven: and (3) testing after riveting, wherein the testing comprises the following steps:
1) gap checking: the rivet head is tightly attached to the surface of the riveted part without a gap, and the upset head is filled with the rivet pit;
2) and (3) molding inspection: after riveting a rivet with the diameter of phi 3mm, the height of the head of the riveted rivet is between 1.2mm and 1.35mm, and the diameter of the head of the riveted rivet is between 5mm and 5.5 mm; after riveting a rivet with the diameter of phi 4mm, the height of the head of the riveted rivet is between 1.6mm and 1.8mm, and the diameter of the head of the riveted rivet is between 5mm and 6.5 mm; after the rivet with the diameter of phi 5mm is riveted, the height of the riveted head is between 2.0mm and 2.25mm, and the diameter is between 7.5mm and 8.5 mm.
2. The method for magnetic pulse sealing riveting of the cast aluminum material shell according to claim 1, wherein the step four is to make a double-angle socket, and the socket is checked by a plug gauge.
3. The method for magnetic pulse sealing riveting of the cast aluminum material shell according to claim 1, wherein a test piece test is performed before the magnetic pulse sealing riveting of the cast aluminum material shell, and the test steps are the same as the above steps; the test piece material is the same as the cast aluminum material shell and has the same thickness.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the interference test is performed after the test piece is riveted.
5. The magnetic pulse sealing riveting method of the cast aluminum material shell according to claim 4, characterized in that the interference amount is tested as follows, the rivet is sawed from two sides to a position close to the rivet along the direction parallel to the axis of the rivet, the plate is pulled apart, the rivet is taken out, the difference between the diameter of the position shown and the original aperture is measured by a micrometer as an absolute interference amount, and the absolute interference amount of the rivet diameter phi 3 is satisfied as follows: 0.024-0.15 mm; the absolute interference amount of the rivet diameter phi 4 is as follows: 0.032-0.2 mm; the absolute interference amount of the rivet diameter phi 5 is as follows: 0.04-0.25 mm.
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| CN109692935A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-30 | 沈阳精合数控科技开发有限公司 | A kind of rivet hot method of titanium alloy component |
| CN111036828A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-04-21 | 首都航天机械有限公司 | Sealed electromagnetic pulse riveting die for forming raised head rivet |
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| CN1108205C (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2003-05-14 | 西北工业大学 | Electromagnetic rivetter |
| CN101695738A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-04-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Low-voltage electromagnet riveting method of metal-composite material combined structure |
| CN102728767A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2012-10-17 | 上海飞机制造有限公司 | Method for realizing ideal interference fit riveting process |
| US8950054B2 (en) * | 2012-10-10 | 2015-02-10 | The Boeing Company | Manufacturing method and robotic assembly system |
| CN103567348A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-12 | 中航飞机股份有限公司西安飞机分公司 | Process method of electromagnetic riveting composite material |
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