CN108173851B - High-efficiency multimedia transmission method for spatial information network - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/24—Negotiation of communication capabilities
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
- H04L1/12—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel
- H04L1/16—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using return channel in which the return channel carries supervisory signals, e.g. repetition request signals
- H04L1/1607—Details of the supervisory signal
- H04L1/1621—Group acknowledgement, i.e. the acknowledgement message defining a range of identifiers, e.g. of sequence numbers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/14—Session management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
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- H04L67/141—Setup of application sessions
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
- H04L69/163—In-band adaptation of TCP data exchange; In-band control procedures
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Abstract
A high-efficient multimedia transmission method for spatial information network, the client node visits the server node, multimedia resources such as HTML file, characters, picture of the transmission server node through the spatial information network; a transmission starting stage; multimedia transmission is carried out, and connection is required to be established firstly; when a new multimedia content request is initiated by an upper-layer application, the data is transmitted in a multipath concurrent manner, and the frames containing the application data can be encapsulated into a data packet for transmission after the STREAM is successfully established by only sending a STREAM frame notice new STREAM number for starting the STREAM; in the transmission stage of the multimedia service, the reliability of transmission is ensured by adopting a method of a serialization transmission and packet loss retransmission mechanism; in order to narrow the range of needing to acknowledge, both sides of transmission need to send STOP _ wait frame regularly; after completing the transmission of a multimedia content, the server marks the FIN of the last frame to be sent to position 1, which indicates the end of a stream; and a transmission ending stage. After all flows are closed, the double-ended connection is closed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for remote access and transmission of multimedia resources through a spatial information network, in particular to an efficient multimedia transmission method for the spatial information network.
Background
The particularity of the space transmission condition causes the characteristics of large link delay and high packet loss rate in the satellite communication process. The traditional HTTP protocol is based on TCP, three-way handshake is required when establishing connection, the establishment cost is high, and the method is not optimized enough in terms of processing packet loss and congestion, resulting in long transmission time and low efficiency. Therefore, a novel multimedia transmission method is developed for a spatial information network, high-efficiency and reliable transmission in a satellite link is realized, and the method is an important content which needs to be considered for building a spatial information system.
In order to enable efficient and reliable multimedia transmission in future spatial information networks,
disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows: the invention aims to provide an efficient multimedia transmission method for a spatial information network, which aims to solve the problems of shortening multimedia file delivery time, reducing page loading time and improving user experience compared with an HTTP (hyper text transport protocol). The method mainly adopts a multi-path concurrent method, reduces the number of redundant connections in the transmission process, further optimizes the connection establishment process, and reduces the round-trip delay used on the connection, thereby improving the performance under a spatial information network and ensuring the transmission reliability through data packet serialization and an optimized negative retransmission mechanism. Because the spatial information network has the particularity of high packet loss and large time delay, the invention is used for efficiently transmitting multimedia resources under the spatial information network and lightens the negative effects of long delivery time, easy interruption and the like caused by the particularity of spatial transmission conditions.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a high-efficiency multimedia transmission method for a spatial information network; the client node accesses multimedia resources such as HTML files, characters, images and the like of the server node and the transmission server node through the spatial information network. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1 st): a transmission starting stage; multimedia transmission is carried out, connection is firstly required to be established, and when a client is connected with a server, only one handshake is generally required; if the two ends are connected for the first time, the client randomly generates a 64-bit connection ID, and a first request data packet sent by the client contains connection negotiation information including an invention version number and the connection ID; if the opposite end detects that the version number in the negotiation packet meets the requirement, the opposite end agrees to establish a connection, the two ends record the connection ID, and when the two ports need to establish the connection next time, the opposite end can directly enter a data transmission stage without negotiation due to the record of the connection ID; compared with three-way handshake of a TCP protocol, the time for establishing connection is reduced;
and 2) carrying out multi-path concurrent transmission on data. Comprises the following steps:
step 1: when an upper-layer application initiates a new multimedia content request, only a STREAM frame for starting a STREAM needs to be sent to announce a new STREAM number, and the frame containing application data can be encapsulated into a data packet for sending after the STREAM is successfully established;
step 2: in the transmission stage of the multimedia service, the reliability of transmission is mainly guaranteed by adopting a method of a serialization transmission and packet loss retransmission mechanism; each data packet is serialized and numbered through a counter;
and step 3: for the lost packet, the packet is identified in a negative acknowledgement (nack) area in a returned acknowledgement frame (ACK frame), and compared with selective retransmission (SACK) of the TCP, the identifiable number of the negative acknowledgements is increased to 256; the sender can quickly retransmit the data packet which is explicitly marked as lost according to the information fed back by the response frame, and a brand new sequence number is distributed to the retransmitted packet, so that ambiguity caused by sending a repeated sequence number packet is reduced;
and 4, step 4: in order to narrow the range of needing response confirmation, both sides of transmission need to send STOP _ WAITING frame (STOP WAITING frame) at fixed time, inform the other side of the lower limit of the packet number for response confirmation, and reduce the calculation range of confirmation; if a data packet has no negative mark and is not in the positive confirmation sequence number, and the sequence number of the packet is less than the lower limit given by the STOP _ WAITING frame, the data packet can not be recovered;
and 5: after completing the transmission of a multimedia content, the server marks the FIN of the last frame to be sent to position 1, which indicates the end of a stream; the FIN mark indicates that the receiving end is informed of the end of the transmission;
3) th: and a transmission ending stage. After all flows are closed, the double-ended connection is closed.
Through the data structure of the added frame, the transmission content of the multimedia service is encapsulated into frames with different stream numbers, and then the frames are encapsulated into data packets to be sent in a unified way; by the multi-path parallel of the stream, the interaction between the application and the transmission is improved, the establishment of redundant connection is reduced, particularly in a spatial information network, the round-trip delay of a link is large, and the transmission efficiency can be effectively improved by reducing the redundant connection.
In the process of establishing the optimized connection, one end generates a connection ID before initiating the connection, and the connection ID can uniquely identify both sides of the connection. The first packet carries negotiation information (connection ID and method version), if the method version is supported at the opposite end, the connection is established by one-time handshake; and by recording the connection ID, the connection can be established without re-negotiation of the subsequent two ends.
Has the advantages that: the invention provides an efficient multimedia transmission method for a spatial information network. The multi-path concurrent method is applied to multimedia transmission of a spatial information network, so that redundant connection is reduced and transmission efficiency under the spatial information network is improved when one end node accesses a remote end node through the spatial information network to transmit multimedia resources such as HTML (hypertext markup language) files, characters, images and the like; meanwhile, the process of establishing the connection is optimized, and the efficiency of establishing the connection in the process of transmitting the spatial data is improved. In the whole spatial information network, when one node in the ground, ocean, air and satellite links accesses to another node for multimedia services, the data transmission needs to be completed by the satellite links.
The invention relates to a high-efficiency multimedia transmission method suitable for a spatial information network, which applies a multi-channel concurrent method to the multimedia transmission of the spatial information network, and is characterized in that a plurality of logic flows are concurrent, only a new logic flow needs to be started for a new request, then the data of each logic flow is collected to the connection for transmission, and a new connection does not need to be initiated like an HTTP protocol, so that the consumption of establishing the redundant connection is reduced, and the transmission time in the spatial information network can be effectively reduced; the connection establishment process is optimized, the number of negotiation handshakes during connection establishment is simplified, and compared with the HTTP that two ends of connection receiving and transmitting based on the TCP protocol are generally required to be handshakes for 3 times each time, the time consumption is about 2 round-trip time delays; the invention adopts the method that the first packet carries the negotiation information, the connection establishment can be completed only by one handshake at the receiving and transmitting ends in a normal state, and if the connection records exist between the two ends, the data can be directly transmitted without handshake negotiation.
The multi-channel concurrent method is applied to multimedia transmission of a spatial information network, and compared with an HTTP (hyper text transport protocol), the establishment of redundant connection is reduced; meanwhile, the process of connection establishment is optimized, the consumption of connection establishment is further reduced, and efficient transmission is realized.
A multi-path parallel method is adopted in a satellite link, so that the establishment of redundant connection is effectively reduced; the overhead of connection establishment is reduced, so that the transmission efficiency in a space environment is improved; the reliability of transmission is guaranteed through data packet serialization and an optimized negative retransmission mechanism; compared with the traditional HTTP multimedia transmission method, the method has better performance improvement and reduces the multimedia information loading time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a typical application scenario;
fig. 2A is a diagram of a protocol packet structure, 2B a packet public mark and meaning diagram, and 2C a frame mark region meaning and representing different frames.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of a transmission process.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following description and embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a method for efficient multimedia transmission in a spatial information network, and the principle and implementation thereof are described in detail below.
The invention aims to improve the transmission efficiency and reliability when the multimedia resources are accessed and transmitted remotely through a spatial information network. An embodiment of the transmission method is described below in the context of fig. 1, where the space-based platform client node a and the remote ground server node B are connected and disconnected via a satellite link.
As shown in fig. 1, a mobile client a needs to complete access to a remote space based platform node B through a space information network. The mobile client A accesses to the spatial information network and accesses to the server B at the space base station after passing through the spatial link.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present invention, the transmitted data packet is divided into two large parts, namely a packet header part and a data payload part, wherein:
the data packet header contains a common identification (8 binary bits); a global identifier (i.e., connection ID) (64 binary bits); version number (32 binary digits); the sequence number of the packet (48 binary bits).
The flag bit of the data packet is responsible for indicating the type of the data packet;
the global identifier is generated by the client and is used for identifying the two connected parties;
the version number is responsible for indicating the protocol version used by the data packet;
the sequence number represents the number of the data packet and is monotonically increased;
there are two kinds of special data packets, do not carry the data frame, one is a edition consults the packet, only send by the server, the flag bit of the packet is 00000001B, it except flag area and connection ID, only fill the edition number that oneself supports, is used for consulting while setting up the connection; the other is a reset packet, the flag bit of the packet is 00000010B, except the flag field and the connection ID, the packet includes the sequence number of the data packet rejected for reception, and the packet is retransmitted by the other party.
The data payload is composed of a plurality of data frame padding, and the data frames are not divisible. The structure of the data frame comprises an 8-bit identification area; a 32-bit stream number; a 64-bit stream offset; a data length of 16 bits, the data area varies from frame to frame.
The identification region of the frame is responsible for indicating the type of the frame, the binary codes of different mark regions represent different frame types, and unused binary codes are reserved to prepare for later expansion;
the flow number is responsible for indicating the flow to which it belongs;
the flow offset indicates the relative offset of the first address of the data contained in the frame in the whole flow;
the data length indicates the length of the data area;
as shown in fig. 3, the transmission method implemented by the present invention is mainly divided into the following steps:
the step (1): and in the starting stage, the two ends carry out information negotiation and establish connection:
1) when a port a1 of a client a needs to establish a connection with a port B1 of a server B, a first detects whether a connection record exists before the two ports, namely whether a connection ID corresponding to (a, a1, B1) exists; if so, directly transmitting the data through the stream; if the connection record is not stored, the client sends a request for opening the connection to the remote server through the spatial information network;
2) when there is no connection record, both ends need to negotiate, and the header packet sent by the client a will include a 64-bit connection ID and an adopted version number (for example: 0x 00000001);
3) after the server B receives the data packet, if the packet version number sent by the client A is supportable, the packet version number returned by the server marks the position 0 and represents the establishment of the connection; and in the validity period of the connection, both sides use the protocol of the version, and at the moment, the connection establishment consumes 1 round-trip delay;
4) if the version of the invention of the client A is not supported by the server, the server informs the protocol book supported by the client A, and the client A selects a protocol version to request for establishing connection again after receiving the protocol book; if the negotiation is successful, the client receives the packet without the version identifier sent by the server, which represents that the connection is successful, then both sides send the data packet and set the version identifier to 0, and at this time, the connection establishment needs to consume 1 to 2 round-trip delays.
Step (2): in the data transmission stage, stream is mainly adopted to complete data transmission, including data packet transmission and packet loss retransmission; a stream is a logical structure, and in order to better perform parallel multiplexing, as shown in fig. 2, application data is encapsulated in a frame structure and then combined into one packet.
1) Taking a picture in a webpage which is required to be requested by a client A as an example, a TCP connection is reestablished relative to HTTP, only a logic STREAM needs to be reopened, and by sending a STREAM frame (which is divided into data packets for sending) for declaring STREAM opening, the STREAM frame comprises a STREAM ID for newly initiating STREAM connection besides an 8-bit zone, and is responsible for notifying a new STREAM number to an opposite end; client a enables an incremented and odd STREAM sequence number (the sequence number is incremented even if it is a server B originating logical STREAM) and the STREAM number of the first STREAM frame is 1. And if the server B does not accept the STREAM starting frame, the RST _ STREAM frame is sent to the client, the unsuccessful connection establishment and the reason of error are informed, and the client A sends the STREAM frame again after corresponding adjustment. Once the stream connection is successfully established, the following data can be integrated into a data packet for transmission under the name of the stream number of the number 1;
2) during data transmission, the client a transmits data packets in a serialized manner, represented by binary bits with length 48, and the assigned sequence numbers are globally unique and monotonically increasing;
3) if packet loss occurs, retransmission is carried out based on the sequence number of the data packet, as shown in figure 3, a client A analyzes the content in a response frame (ACK frame) sent to a server B, the response frame indicates the frame type (as shown in figure 2) at the head and also comprises 3 kinds of information, namely ① information of the maximum packet sequence number currently received by a receiving end, ② information of the offset of the sequence number is marked before the maximum packet sequence number if a packet which is not received exists, ③ information of the sequence number of the data packet which is successfully received before the maximum sequence number, the client A carries out quick retransmission on the packet which is explicitly marked as lost, the retransmitted data packet can be sent with a new sequence number, if a data packet does not receive related confirmation information, automatic retransmission can be carried out by setting a timer after overtime;
sequence number offset-maximum received packet sequence number-unreceived packet sequence number
4) According to the received packet sequence number, a STOP _ wait frame is sent in double sending to update the acknowledgement range, wherein the STOP _ wait frame comprises the minimum packet sequence number still WAITING for acknowledgement information. The data packet containing the response frame also has a corresponding sequence number, and if the data packet containing the response frame is lost, the recovery or overtime retransmission can be carried out according to the response frame sent by the opposite terminal;
5) when the picture is delivered successfully, the current flow can be disconnected, because the flow is bidirectional, and there are full-off and half-off states; under normal conditions, if the data of the server B on a certain stream is already sent, a semi-close operation can be performed, and in the last sent frame, the FIN bit of the frame zone is set to 1 (zone 7 th bit); if both ends send and receive the signal of closing the flow, the flow is closed successfully; if the streaming output is abnormal, one end can send an RST _ STREAM frame to the opposite end and no longer send data; there is a time difference between sending the RST _ STREAM frame and receiving the frame by the peer, and during this time, if data frames sent by the peer are still received, the data frames are still received and are not sent any more.
Step (3): after the data basic transmission is completed, the connection is ready to be disconnected; there may be two methods for disconnection of the connection level:
1) the first transmission process has no error and belongs to normal disconnection, a timeout timer is appointed during the negotiation period of CONNECTION establishment, once all the flows are disconnected and enter idle, and the idle time exceeds the timer, a CONNECTION _ CLOSE frame is automatically sent to CLOSE, and disconnection represents the end of one-time multimedia access;
2) in the second type of abnormal disconnection with errors, the active disconnection party firstly sends a GOAWAY frame to the opposite party, and the frame contains error codes and the maximum stream number received by the active disconnection party and informs that a connection is ready to be closed; then, the self can not newly open the logic flow, and can not accept the application of the new open logic flow of the opposite side (can not accept the flow with the number larger than the mark in the GOAWAY frame), wait for the closing of all the current flows, and send the CONNECTION _ CLOSE frame to CLOSE the whole CONNECTION after all the flows are closed.
The invention has the technical effects that when one end of two nodes in a spatial information network is used as a client to access the other node for accessing multimedia information, the method is adopted, and multiple paths are parallel in a satellite link, so that the establishment of redundant connection can be effectively reduced; the overhead of connection establishment is reduced, and the transmission efficiency in a space environment is improved; compared with the traditional HTTP multimedia transmission method, the method can effectively reduce the multimedia information loading time and has better performance improvement.
The principle and function of the method for realizing efficient multimedia transmission through the spatial information network are described in detail in conjunction with the specific example of the spatial information network. It is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. A high-efficient multimedia transmission method for spatial information network, the client node visits the server node, transmits HTML file, characters, image multimedia resources of the server node through the spatial information network; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1 st): a transmission starting stage; performing multimedia transmission, namely firstly establishing connection, and only performing handshake once when a client is connected with a server; if the two ends are connected for the first time, the client randomly generates a 64-bit connection ID, and a first request data packet sent by the client contains connection negotiation information including a version number and the connection ID; if the opposite end detects that the version number in the first request data packet meets the requirement, the opposite end agrees to establish a connection, both ends record the connection ID, and when the two ports need to establish the connection again, the opposite end directly enters a data transmission stage without negotiation due to the record of the connection ID; compared with three-way handshake of a TCP protocol, the time for establishing connection is reduced;
the 2) multi-path concurrent transmission data comprises the following steps:
step 1: when an upper-layer application initiates a new multimedia content request, only a STREAM frame for starting a STREAM needs to be sent to announce a new STREAM number, and after the STREAM is successfully established, a frame containing application data can be encapsulated into a data packet for sending;
step 2: in the transmission stage of the multimedia service, the reliability of transmission is ensured by adopting a method of a serialization transmission and packet loss retransmission mechanism; each data packet is serialized and numbered through a counter;
and step 3: for the lost packet, the packet can be identified in a negative acknowledgement area in a returned response frame, namely an ACK frame, and compared with the selective retransmission of TCP, namely SACK, the identifiable number of the negative acknowledgement is expanded to 256; the sender can quickly retransmit the data packet which is explicitly marked as lost according to the information fed back by the response frame, and a brand new sequence number is distributed to the retransmitted packet, so that ambiguity caused by sending a repeated sequence number packet is reduced;
and 4, step 4: in order to narrow the range needing response confirmation, both transmission parties need to send a STOP _ WAITING frame at regular time, namely a STOP WAITING frame, inform the other party of the lower limit of the packet sequence number for response confirmation, and reduce the calculation range of confirmation; if a data packet has no negative mark and is not in the positive confirmation sequence number, and the sequence number of the packet is less than the lower limit given by the STOP _ WAITING frame, the data packet can not be recovered;
and 5: after completing the transmission of a multimedia content, the server marks the FIN of the last frame to be sent to position 1, which indicates the end of a stream; the FIN mark indicates that the receiving end is informed of the end of the transmission;
3) th: the end of transmission phase, after all streams are closed, the double-ended connection is closed.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multiple paths are concurrently applied to the spatial information network transmission, the transmission content of the multimedia service is encapsulated into frames with different stream numbers by adding a data structure of the frame, and then the frames are encapsulated into data packets for uniform transmission.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the connection establishment process, one end generates a connection ID before initiating connection, the connection ID uniquely identifies both sides of the connection, a first packet carries negotiation information, the negotiation information includes the connection ID and a method version, and if the method version is supported at the opposite end, one-time handshake is performed to establish the connection; and by recording the connection ID, the connection can be established without re-negotiation of the subsequent two ends.
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| CN111461954A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-28 | 四川九强通信科技有限公司 | Image safe distribution system and method based on spatial information network |
| CN111901075B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2021-11-23 | 华中科技大学 | Multi-network convergence transmission method, transmission system and computer-readable storage medium |
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