CN108172928B - Battery pack heat radiation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a battery pack heat dissipation structure, which includes a base, a battery core module, a fixed component and a data collection and wireless transmission module, wherein the fixed component is a frame structure and is installed on the base; the battery core module The group is fixed in the fixed component, and together with the fixed component and the base, forms a first heat dissipation path; the data acquisition and wireless transmission module is installed on the outer wall of the fixed component, and together with the fixed component and the base, forms a second heat dissipation path. The battery pack heat dissipation structure provided by the present invention has a novel structure, is easy to implement, has an ingenious design, excellent thermal conductivity, and high reliability. The heat emitted by the battery module and the data collection and wireless transmission module can be stably transferred to the base. Centralized and rapid cooling effectively prevents overheating of battery modules and data acquisition and wireless transmission modules.

Description

Battery pack heat dissipation structure

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicle power batteries, and specifically relates to a battery pack heat dissipation structure.

Background technique

A full charge of existing pure electric vehicles generally takes more than an hour. The problem of low charging efficiency has not been solved, which has brought a lot of inconvenience to drivers and has become a key factor restricting the promotion and use of pure electric vehicles.

As a result, a quick-swap battery electric vehicle has been proposed. The quick-swap battery pack can be replaced independently by the driver within a few minutes, which is roughly equivalent to or even better than the refueling time of a traditional fuel vehicle. In order to improve the convenience of use of this kind of electric vehicle, not only quick-swap battery pack replacement stations can be set up in various places, but also spare quick-swap battery packs can be placed on the vehicle to respond to unexpected needs at any time. Since the battery module, data acquisition and wireless transmission module and electronic control module in the quick-change battery pack all emit heat during use, especially the battery module, the heat is even greater. However, the structure of the quick-change battery pack The compactness and small size result in limited space for heat dissipation and the need to conduct heat away for centralized cooling. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a battery pack heat dissipation structure with excellent thermal conductivity.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a battery pack heat dissipation structure, which has excellent thermal conductivity, is stable and reliable, and can conduct concentrated heat to the base to facilitate centralized and rapid cooling.

In order to achieve the above objects, the technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

A battery pack heat dissipation structure, the main points of which are: including a base, a battery core module, a fixed component and a data collection and wireless transmission module, wherein the fixed component is a frame structure and is installed on the base; the battery core module The group is fixed in the fixed component, and together with the fixed component and the base, forms a first heat dissipation path; the data acquisition and wireless transmission module is installed on the outer wall of the fixed component, and together with the fixed component and the base, forms a second heat dissipation path.

Using the above structure, the heat emitted by the battery module can be transferred to the base through the fixed assembly through the first heat dissipation path, and the heat emitted by the data acquisition and wireless transmission module can be transferred to the base through the fixed assembly through the second heat dissipation path. Ingenious design, simple structure, excellent thermal conductivity and high reliability. The heat emitted by the battery module and data acquisition and wireless transmission module can be stably transferred to the base for centralized and rapid cooling, effectively preventing the battery module and data acquisition. The wireless transmission module is overheated.

Preferably: a box assembly is covered on the base, and the box assembly and the base form an accommodation chamber, and the battery core module, fixed component and data acquisition and wireless transmission module are all located in the chamber. placed in the chamber; one of the side outer walls of the box assembly has an electric control box integrally formed with it, an electric control module is installed in the electric control box, and an electric control box is installed on one side wall of the electric control box. Balance valve. Using the above structure, the box assembly can effectively protect and seal the battery module, fixed components, and data acquisition and wireless transmission modules to prevent water and dust from entering the quick-change battery pack. At the same time, the electronic control module is installed in the box. In the electric control box on the assembly, since the electric control module generates less heat than the battery module, when heat accumulates in the electric control box, the air pressure inside the electric control box is higher than outside. By opening the balance valve, the internal and external air pressures are balanced. That is, effective heat dissipation can be achieved. This design has a simple structure, is easy to implement, and is low in cost.

Preferably: the fixing assembly includes a module fixing bottom frame and a module fixing top plate, wherein the module fixing top plate covers the module fixing bottom frame and is surrounded by the module fixing bottom frame to form a rectangular parallelepiped frame. structure, the battery module is fixed within the frame structure, and the data collection and wireless transmission module is installed on the fixed top plate of the module. Using the above structure, the fixed component can not only quickly and effectively export the heat emitted by the battery module and the data acquisition and wireless transmission module, but also reliably fix the battery module and the data acquisition and wireless transmission module.

Preferably, the module fixed bottom frame includes a rectangular bottom plate, two long side plate parts and two short side plate parts, and the two long side plate parts and the two short side plate parts are each opposite to each other. are arranged and extend upward from the outer edge of the bottom plate respectively. The height of the long side plate is higher than the height of the short side plate. The upper edge of the long side plate is bent inward and then bent upward to form a limiter. Connection part: The outer edges of both sides of the module fixed top plate and the two long side plate parts are bent upward to form an installation connection part. The installation connection part is fixedly connected to the corresponding limiting connection part. The module fixed top plate The outer edges on both sides corresponding to the two short side plate parts are bent downward to form a cell defining part. The above structure can reliably limit the battery module to adapt to harsh working conditions, effectively dissipate the heat emitted by the battery module, and at the same time protect the battery module.

Preferably: the base is a box-shaped structure with an upper part open, and the lower part of the module fixed bottom frame is embedded in the base. With the above structure, the base can effectively fix and support the fixed bottom frame of the module.

Preferably: the battery core module is composed of battery core units connected side by side. The battery core unit is composed of a thermally conductive aluminum plate and two battery cores. The two battery cores are respectively located on both side walls of the thermally conductive aluminum plate. The outer edges of the upper and lower sides of the thermally conductive aluminum plate are bent to form overlapping portions, and the two overlapping portions are respectively overlapped with the corresponding overlapping portions of adjacent thermally conductive aluminum plates, and both are fixed to the inner walls of the components; the first The heat dissipation path is composed of an electric core, a thermally conductive aluminum plate, a fixing component and a base in sequence. The heat emitted by the electric core is transferred to the base through the thermally conductive aluminum plate and the fixing component. Using the above structure, each thermally conductive aluminum plate can simultaneously dissipate the heat emitted by two batteries to prevent the battery core temperature in the battery pack from being too high. Moreover, the overlapping portion of the thermally conductive aluminum plate of one battery unit can overlap with the adjacent battery. The overlapping portion of the thermally conductive aluminum plates of the core unit not only achieves overall heat conduction, improves the thermal conduction efficiency, but also prevents certain battery cells in the battery pack from overheating due to poor heat conduction.

Preferably, the battery core includes a battery mounting plate and two batteries located on both side walls of the battery mounting plate. The surface of one of the batteries away from the battery mounting plate is in contact with the side wall of the thermally conductive aluminum plate. The outer edges of the upper and lower sides of the battery mounting plate are bent to form thermal conductive parts, and the thermal conductive parts are respectively fitted with corresponding overlapping parts. Using the above structure, the heat of the two batteries can be effectively transferred to the thermally conductive aluminum plate through the thermal conductive part of the battery mounting plate. The structure is simple and reliable, and the design is reasonable.

Preferably: a silicone thermal pad is provided between the thermally conductive aluminum plate and the base. Adopting the above structure can effectively improve the thermal conduction efficiency between the thermally conductive aluminum plate and the base.

Preferably: the data acquisition and wireless transmission module includes a protective housing and an integrated circuit board, the protective housing is installed on the outer wall of the fixed component, the integrated circuit board is installed in the protective housing; the second heat dissipation path It is composed of an integrated circuit board, a protective shell, a fixing component and a base in sequence. The heat generated by the integrated circuit board is transferred to the base through the protective shell and the fixing component in turn. Using the above structure, the heat emitted by the data collection and wireless transmission module can be effectively transferred to the base to prevent the data collection and wireless transmission module from overheating. The structure is compact and makes reasonable use of the limited space inside the battery pack.

Preferably, the bottom of the protective shell has at least one thermally conductive silicone installation port, and a thermally conductive silicone sheet is provided in each thermally conductive silicone mounting port. Both sides of each thermally conductive silicone sheet are respectively attached to the fixed component and the integrated circuit board. Using the above structure, the thermally conductive silicone sheet more efficiently conducts the heat of the integrated circuit board to the fixed components to prevent the integrated circuit board from overheating.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The battery pack heat dissipation structure provided by the present invention has a novel structure, is easy to implement, has an ingenious design, excellent thermal conductivity, and high reliability. The heat emitted by the battery module and the data collection and wireless transmission module can be stably transferred to the base. Centralized and rapid cooling effectively prevents overheating of battery modules and data acquisition and wireless transmission modules.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the box assembly and the base;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of Figure 1 without the fixed top plate of the module and the data acquisition and wireless transmission module;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the battery unit;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermally conductive aluminum plate;

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery core;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixed component;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the fixed top plate of the module and the data acquisition and wireless transmission modules;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the location of the thermal silicone mounting port.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the examples and drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a battery pack heat dissipation structure includes a base 1, a box assembly 2, a battery module 3, a fixed component 4 and a data acquisition and wireless transmission module 5. The box assembly 2 and the base 1 form an accommodation cavity, in which the cell module 3, the fixing component 4 and the data acquisition and wireless transmission module 5 are located, and the fixation Component 4 is a frame structure and is installed on the base 1.

Heat dissipation one: One of the side outer walls of the box assembly 2 has an electric control box 21 integrally formed with it. An electric control module is installed in the electric control box 21. On one side wall of the electric control box 21 A balancing valve 6 is installed for dissipating heat to the electronic control module. When the electronic control module detects that the temperature of the electric control box 21 is relatively high, the balance valve 6 opens to release heat.

Heat dissipation 2: The battery module 3 is fixed in the fixing component 4, and together with the fixing component 4 and the base 1, forms the first heat dissipation path.

Heat dissipation three: The data collection and wireless transmission module 5 is installed on the outer wall of the fixed component 4, and together with the fixed component 4 and the base 1, forms a second heat dissipation path.

Please refer to Figures 1 and 3. The base 1 is made of metal, preferably aluminum alloy, which not only has good thermal conductivity and is conducive to heat dissipation, but is also light in weight and has high structural strength. The base 1 is a box-shaped structure with an upper part open to facilitate fixing the fixing component 4 .

Referring to Figures 1, 3 and 4, the fixing assembly 4 includes a module fixing bottom frame 41 and a module fixing top plate 42. The lower part of the module fixed bottom frame 41 is embedded in the base 1 . The module fixed top plate 42 is covered with the module fixed bottom frame 41 and is surrounded by the module fixed bottom frame 41 to form a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped frame structure. The battery module 3 is fixed in this frame structure. The data acquisition and wireless transmission module 5 is installed on the fixed top plate 42 of the module.

Specifically, the module fixed bottom frame 41 includes a rectangular bottom plate part 411, two long side plate parts 412 and two short side plate parts 413. The two long side plate parts 412 and the two short side plate parts are The plate portions 413 are arranged opposite each other and extend upward from the outer edge of the bottom plate portion 411 respectively. The height of the long side plate portions 412 is higher than the height of the short side plate portions 413. The upper edge of the long side plate portions 412 faces toward After being bent inward and then upward, a limiting connection part 412a is formed. The outer edges of both sides of the module fixed top plate 42 and the two long side plate parts 412 are bent upward to form an installation connection part 421. The installation connection part 421 Fixedly connected to the corresponding limiting connection part 412a by screws, the outer edges of both sides of the module fixing top plate 42 and the two short side plate parts 413 are bent downward to form a battery core limiting part 422 for reliable fixing. Cell module 3.

The upper edges of the two short side plate portions 413 are folded outward to form a base connection portion 413a that overlaps the upper edge of the base 1. The lower portions of the two long side plate portions 412 are punched through a stamping process. The open-shaped base has a plurality of base overlapping portions 412b overlapping the upper edge of the base 1 . The base overlapping portion 412b and the base connecting portion 413a each have at least one screw mounting notch, and the screw mounting notches respectively correspond to the threaded connection holes of the base 1, so that the base 1 can be connected to the base overlapping portion 412b and the base connecting portion 413a respectively through screws. The base connection part 413a is fixedly connected.

Please refer to Figures 1, 3 to 6. The battery module 3 is composed of battery units 31 connected side by side. The battery unit 31 is composed of a thermally conductive aluminum plate 311 and two batteries 312. The two batteries are The battery cores 312 are respectively located on both side walls of the thermally conductive aluminum plate 311. The upper and lower outer edges of the thermally conductive aluminum plate 311 are bent to form overlapping portions 311a. The two overlapping portions 311a are respectively overlapped with adjacent thermally conductive aluminum plates 311. Corresponding to the overlapping portion 311a, the inner wall of the fixed component 4 is in contact with each other, that is, the overlapping portion 311a in the upper portion is in contact with the module fixing top plate 42, and the overlapping portion 311a in the lower portion is in contact with the module fixing bottom frame 41. , and a silicone thermal conductive pad is provided between the lower overlapping portion 311a and the module fixing bottom frame 41 to improve thermal conduction efficiency.

Further, the portion of the overlapping portion 311a is recessed inward to form a step 311a1. The front end of the overlapping portion 311a of the thermally conductive aluminum plate 311 can overlap on the step 311a1 of the adjacent thermally conductive aluminum plate 311, so that the multiple thermally conductive aluminum plates 311 together form a stable and reliable overall structure, achieving overall heat conduction and improving heat conduction efficiency.

The battery core 312 includes a battery mounting plate 312a and two batteries 312b respectively located on both sides of the battery mounting plate 312a. One of the batteries 312b has a side surface away from the battery mounting plate 312a and a side wall of the thermally conductive aluminum plate 311. The outer edges of the upper and lower sides of the battery mounting plate 312a are bent to form thermal conductive portions 312a1, and the thermal conductive portions 312a1 are respectively bonded with the corresponding overlapping portions 311a.

The first heat dissipation path is composed of the battery core 312, the thermally conductive aluminum plate 311, the fixing component 4 and the base 1 in sequence. The heat emitted by the battery 312b has two heat transfer paths: 1. The heat emitted by the battery 312b that is attached to the thermally conductive aluminum plate 311 The heat transferred to the module fixed bottom frame 41 or the module fixed top plate 42 of the fixed component 4 is sequentially passed through the battery mounting plate 312a and the thermally conductive aluminum plate 311. The heat transferred to the module fixed top plate 42 is transferred to the module fixed bottom frame 41 through the module fixed bottom frame 41. base, the heat transferred to the module fixed bottom frame 41 is directly transferred to the base 1; 2. The heat emitted by the battery 312b that is attached to the thermally conductive aluminum plate 311 can not only be transferred along the above path, but can also skip the battery mounting plate 312a and directly Passed to the thermally conductive aluminum plate 311.

Please refer to Figure 1, Figure 8 and Figure 9. The data collection and wireless transmission module 5 includes a protective housing 51 and an integrated circuit board 52. The protective housing 51 includes a housing base 511 and a housing cover 512. The housing base 511 is installed on the module fixed top plate 42 of the fixed assembly 4. The housing cover 512 is closed on the housing base 511. The integrated circuit board 52 is installed on the housing base 511 and the housing cover 512. within the space formed.

The housing base 511 has at least one thermally conductive silica gel installation port 511a. A thermally conductive silica gel sheet 53 is provided in each thermally conductive silica gel mounting port 511a. Both sides of each thermally conductive silica gel sheet c53 are respectively fixed to the module of the fixing assembly 4. The top plate 42 and the integrated circuit board 52 are bonded to effectively transfer heat.

The second heat dissipation path is composed of the integrated circuit board 52, the protective shell 51, the fixing component 4 and the base 1 in sequence. There are two transfer paths for the heat emitted by the integrated circuit board 52: 1. The heat emitted by the integrated circuit board 52 Part of the heat is transferred to the module fixed top plate 42 through the housing base 511, and then transferred from the module fixed top plate 42 to the module fixed bottom frame 41, and finally transferred to the base 1 from the module fixed bottom frame 41; 2. Integrated circuit board Part of the heat emitted by 52 is transferred to the module fixed top plate 42 through the thermal conductive silicone sheet 53, and then transferred from the module fixed top plate 42 to the module fixed bottom frame 41, and finally transferred to the base 1 from the module fixed bottom frame 41. Since the heat transfer efficiency of the thermally conductive silicone sheet 53 is higher than that of the housing base 511 , most of the heat emitted by the integrated circuit board 52 is dissipated through the thermally conductive silicone sheet 53 .

Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can make a variety of similar embodiments without violating the purpose and claims of the present invention. It means that such transformations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A battery pack heat dissipation structure, characterized by: including a base, a box assembly, a battery core module, a fixed component, and a data collection and wireless transmission module. The box assembly and the base form an accommodation chamber. , the battery module, the fixed component and the data acquisition and wireless transmission module are all located in the accommodation chamber, and the fixed component is a frame structure and is installed on the base; Heat dissipation 1: One of the side outer walls of the box assembly has an electric control box integrally formed with it. An electric control module is installed in the electric control box. On one side wall of the electric control box, there is a The balance valve for heat dissipation of the electronic control module. When the electronic control module detects that the temperature of the electric control box is high, the balance valve opens to release heat; Heat dissipation two: The battery core module is fixed in the fixed component, and together with the fixed component and the base, forms the first heat dissipation path; Heat dissipation three: The data acquisition and wireless transmission module is installed on the outer wall of the fixed component, and together with the fixed component and the base, forms a second heat dissipation path; The base is made of aluminum alloy and has a box-like structure with an upper opening; The fixed component includes a module fixed bottom frame and a module fixed top plate. The lower part of the module fixed bottom frame is embedded in the base. The module fixed top plate covers the module fixed bottom frame and is fixed with the module. The bottom frame forms a rectangular frame structure, the battery module is fixed in the frame structure, and the data acquisition and wireless transmission module is installed on the fixed top plate of the module; The module fixed bottom frame includes a rectangular bottom plate, two long side plate parts and two short side plate parts, and the two long side plate parts and the two short side plate parts are each arranged opposite each other, and Extending upward from the outer edge of the bottom plate respectively, the height of the long side plate is higher than the height of the short side plate. The upper edge of the long side plate is bent inward and then bent upward to form a limiting connection portion. The outer edges on both sides corresponding to the module fixed top plate and the two long side plate parts are bent upward to form an installation connection part. The installation connection part is fixedly connected to the corresponding limiting connection part through screws. The module fixed top plate is connected to the two long side plates. The outer edges on both sides corresponding to the two short side plate parts are bent downward to form the battery core limiting part; The upper edges of the two short side plate portions are folded outward to form a base connection portion that overlaps the upper edge of the base. The lower portions of the two long side plate portions are punched and formed into multiple shapes through a stamping process. A base overlapping portion overlaps the upper edge of the base, and the base overlapping portion and the base connecting portion each have at least one screw mounting notch, and the screw mounting notches respectively correspond to the threaded connection holes of the base; The battery core module is composed of battery core units connected side by side. The battery core unit is composed of a thermally conductive aluminum plate and two battery cores. The two battery cores are located on both side walls of the thermally conductive aluminum plate. The outer edges of the upper and lower sides of the aluminum plate are bent to form overlapping parts. The two overlapping parts overlap with the corresponding overlapping parts of the adjacent thermally conductive aluminum plates, and the upper overlapping part is fit with the fixed top plate of the module and is located at The lower overlapping part is fit with the module fixed bottom frame, and a silicone thermal conductive pad is provided between the lower overlapping part and the module fixed bottom frame; The portion of the overlapping portion is recessed inward to form a step, and the front end of the overlapping portion of the thermally conductive aluminum plate can overlap on the step of the adjacent thermally conductive aluminum plate; The battery core includes a battery mounting plate and two batteries located on both sides of the battery mounting plate. The surface of one of the batteries away from the battery mounting plate is in contact with one side wall of the thermally conductive aluminum plate. The outer edges of the upper and lower sides of the board are bent to form thermal conductive parts, and the thermal conductive parts are respectively fit with the corresponding overlapping parts; The first heat dissipation path is composed of the battery core, the thermally conductive aluminum plate, the fixed component and the base in sequence. The heat emitted by the battery has two heat transfer paths: 1. The heat emitted by the battery that is attached to the thermally conductive aluminum plate is sequentially passed through the battery mounting plate, thermal conductivity The aluminum plate is transferred to the module fixed bottom frame or the module fixed top plate of the fixed component. The heat transferred to the module fixed top plate is transferred to the base through the module fixed bottom frame, and the heat transferred to the module fixed bottom frame is directly transferred. to the base; 2. The heat emitted by the battery that is attached to the thermally conductive aluminum plate can not only be transferred along the above path, but can also skip the battery mounting plate and be directly transferred to the thermally conductive aluminum plate; The data acquisition and wireless transmission module includes a protective shell and an integrated circuit board. The protective shell includes a shell base and a shell cover. The shell base is installed on the module fixed top plate of the fixed component. The shell The body cover is closed on the housing base, and the integrated circuit board is installed in the space formed by the housing base and the housing cover; There is at least one thermally conductive silica gel installation port on the base of the housing. A thermally conductive silica gel sheet is provided in each thermally conductive silica gel mounting port. The two sides of each thermally conductive silica gel sheet are respectively attached to the module fixed top plate and the integrated circuit board of the fixed component. ; The second heat dissipation path is composed of an integrated circuit board, a protective shell, a fixed component and a base in sequence. There are two transmission paths for the heat emitted by the integrated circuit board: 1. Part of the heat emitted by the integrated circuit board passes through the base of the housing. It is transferred to the module fixed top plate, and then transferred from the module fixed top plate to the module fixed bottom frame, and finally transferred from the module fixed bottom frame to the base; 2. Part of the heat emitted by the integrated circuit board is transferred to the module through the thermally conductive silicone sheet The fixed top plate is then transferred from the module fixed top plate to the module fixed bottom frame, and finally the module fixed bottom frame is transferred to the base.