CN108169686A - A kind of battery power detection circuit and method - Google Patents
A kind of battery power detection circuit and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108169686A CN108169686A CN201711378751.7A CN201711378751A CN108169686A CN 108169686 A CN108169686 A CN 108169686A CN 201711378751 A CN201711378751 A CN 201711378751A CN 108169686 A CN108169686 A CN 108169686A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of battery power detection circuit and method, the circuit include:Voltage sample branch circuit;Amplify branch circuit;The voltage sample branch circuit of microcontroller;The voltage sample branch circuit includes:Resistance R3 connects with load resistance R_LOAD, amplification anode input pin, the power cathode pins in parallel of the resistance R3 and amplifier U1;The amplification branch circuit includes:The voltage of the amplification output pin of the amplifier U1 is given the amplification cathode input pin of the amplifier U1 by resistance R1 and resistance R2 series connection;The voltage sample branch circuit of the microcontroller includes:The microcontroller that the voltage that resistance R3 is divided to amplifies later voltage using the amplifier U1 is received, capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 analog-digital converters corresponding with inside the microcontroller are in parallel.Circuit structure is simple, and measuring method is not influenced by temperature and output power size, and obtained battery dump energy value is accurately and reliably.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit design more particularly to a kind of battery power detection circuit and methods.
Background technology
Current high-power mobile equipment electricity shows that there are following defects:The simple voltage by detection battery both ends comes
Judge current remaining capacity, there can be judgement of the very big error influence to remaining capacity.The error of the voltage at battery both ends
In terms of with two:1st, when powerful device works, because output power is very big, cell voltage can be drawn in moment
It is low, for example voltage is 4.1V during without output services, a job, voltage may immediately become about 3.95V, according to different batteries
Characteristic and power output are of different sizes, and the size that voltage is pulled low is also different;2nd, the influence of temperature:If temperature is too low, electricity
Cell voltage can be also pulled low, for example cell voltage during 25 degrees Celsius of room temperature is 4.2V, when being put into 0 degree, although electricity is the same
More, but cell voltage may but become about 3.9V, specific voltage is different due to battery behavior difference.Based on battery both ends electricity
Pressure-volume is vulnerable to ectocine, so judging battery dump energy using cell voltage, there is also very big errors.
Invention content
The present invention is in order to solve to judge battery dump energy asking there are error using battery both end voltage in the prior art
Topic, provides a kind of battery power detection circuit and method.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as described below:
A kind of battery power detection circuit, including:Voltage sample branch circuit;Amplify branch circuit;The voltage of microcontroller
Sampling branch circuit;The voltage sample branch circuit includes:Resistance R3 connects with load resistance R_LOAD, the resistance R3 with
Amplification anode input pin, the power cathode pins in parallel of amplifier U1;The amplification branch circuit includes:Resistance R1 and resistance
The amplification cathode input pin that R2 connects by the voltage of the amplification output pin of the amplifier U1 to the amplifier U1;
The voltage sample branch circuit of the microcontroller includes:Microcontroller, capacitor C1 and capacitor C2, the microcontroller receive resistance
The voltage that R3 is divided to amplifies later voltage using the amplifier U1, the capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 with it is described
Corresponding analog-digital converter is in parallel inside microcontroller.
Preferably, the accuracy of the resistance value of the resistance R1, resistance R2 and resistance R3 is within 1%.
Preferably, the sampling precision of the microcontroller is at 10 or more.
Preferably, the voltage sample branch circuit of the microcontroller further includes resistance R4 and resistance R5 series connection partial pressures to described
The analog-digital converter of microcontroller;The branch circuit parallel connection connected simultaneously with the resistance R3 with load resistance R_LOAD.
Preferably, the amplification branch circuit further includes a capacitor C3, and the capacitor is with the amplifier U1's
Positive pole pin and power cathode pins in parallel.
Preferably, the amplification branch circuit is further included sets regulator circuit to amplifier U1.
Preferably, the amplification branch circuit further includes:Capacitor C4 and resistance R6, resistance R6 and resistance R3 series connection after again
Parallel connection is formed with capacitor C4.
A kind of method that battery capacity detection is carried out using circuit as described above, is included the following steps:S1:By described
Microcontroller obtains the voltage that the resistance R3 is divided to and amplifies later voltage value Vi_OUT using amplifier;S2:The list
Piece machine obtains the electricity that resistance R3 is divided to according to the resistance value of the resistance R1 and resistance R2, according to Vi_OUT=Vi_IN*R1/R2
Pressure value Vi_IN;The electric current Ii, Ii=Vi_IN/R3 by resistance R3 are obtained thus according to the resistance value of resistance R3;S3:The monolithic
Machine obtains the voltage value Vv_OUT of load anode, then the power of load resistance R_LOAD consumption is:P=Vv_OUT*Ii, the list
Piece machine obtains the electricity Wuse of the load resistance R_LOAD consumption according to the power of load consumption described in frequency acquisition, then battery
Remaining capacity be:(Wbat-Wuse) * N/Wbat, wherein Wbat are the total electricity of battery, and N is 1%-1000 ‰.
Preferably, the frequency range in step S3 is 1US-10S.
Preferably, the Wuse is that described be supported on consumes the accumulative of electricity in conduction time.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:A kind of battery power detection circuit and method are provided, disappeared using computational load resistance
The method of power consumption and then the remaining capacity for learning battery, circuit structure is simple, and measuring method is not by temperature and output power
Small influence, obtained battery dump energy value is accurately and reliably.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of battery power detection circuit in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of voltage sample branch circuit in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram for amplifying branch circuit in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of the voltage sample branch circuit of microcontroller in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of another battery power detection circuit in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 6 is the structure diagram of another battery power detection circuit in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 7 is the structure diagram of battery power detection circuit in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of battery electricity detection method in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail by specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, for a better understanding of this hair
It is bright, but following embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.In addition, it is necessary to illustrate, the diagram provided in following embodiments
Only illustrate the basic conception of the present invention in a schematic way, the component related with the present invention is only shown in attached drawing rather than according to reality
Component count, shape during implementation and size are drawn, during actual implementation shape, quantity and the ratio of each component can be it is a kind of with
The change of meaning, and its assembly layout form may also be increasingly complex.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of battery power detection circuit, including:Voltage sample branch circuit;Amplify branch circuit;It is single
The voltage sample branch circuit of piece machine.Wherein, amplifier U1 is respectively there are five pin:Pin 1 is amplification anode input pin,
Pin 2 be power cathode pin, pin 3 for amplification cathode input pin, pin 4 for amplification output pin, pin 5 for power supply just
Pole pin.LOAD- is the cathode of load, and LOAD+ is the anode of load.
As shown in Fig. 2, current sample branch circuit includes:Resistance R3 connects with load resistance R_LOAD, and resistance R3 is with putting
Amplification anode input pin, the power cathode pins in parallel of big device U1;In order to reduce battery power detection circuit consumable, resistance R3
Under the premise of signal sampling requirement is met, the resistance value of the resistance R3 of selection is small as possible.
As shown in figure 3, amplification branch circuit includes:Resistance R1 and resistance R2 connects the amplification output pin of amplifier U1
Voltage feed back to the amplification cathode input pin of the amplifier U1, make so as to reach the Real-time Feedback of output voltage
With;The amplification factor of Vi_IN voltages, Vi_OUT Vi_IN are adjusted by the resistance value size of regulation resistance R1 and resistance R2
Amplified voltage value:Vi_OUT=Vi_IN*R1/R2.
As shown in figure 4, the voltage sample branch circuit of microcontroller includes:Microcontroller, capacitor C1 and capacitor C2, monolithic
Machine receives the voltage that resistance R3 is divided to and amplifies later voltage using the amplifier U1, and capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 are equal
Analog-digital converter corresponding with inside the microcontroller is in parallel.
Because the voltage value Vi_IN very littles sampled by resistance R3, it is necessary to ability coverlet after amplifier U1 amplifications can be crossed
Piece machine identifies.
Resistance R1, resistance R2 and resistance R3 these three resistance resistance value accuracy will height, control within 1% as possible,
Otherwise the judgement of whole system can be influenced.
The AD sampling precisions of microcontroller are different according to different brands, and the AD sampling precisions of MCU on the market are all at present
It is 10 or more;Now by taking the AD reference voltages of 10 AD precision and 3.0V as an example, if the AD values that Vi_OUT is sampled at this time are
Di, and the AD values that Vv_OUT is sampled are Dv, can calculate current output power P=U*I=(3*Dv/1024) * (Di*R2*
3/1024/R1/R4)。
As shown in figure 5, the voltage sample branch circuit of microcontroller further includes resistance R4 and resistance R5 series connection partial pressures to described
The analog-digital converter of microcontroller;The branch circuit parallel connection connected simultaneously with resistance R3 with load resistance R_LOAD.Purpose is to prevent monolithic
Excessive analog-digital converter reference voltage levels more than its maximum of voltage value Vv_OUT of machine testing are so as to influence the accuracy judged.
As shown in fig. 6, also providing a kind of battery power detection circuit in an embodiment of the present invention, amplify branch circuit
Further include a capacitor C3, capacitor and the positive pole pin of amplifier U1 and power cathode pins in parallel;Capacitor C3
There is filtering, such amplifier operation can be more stable;In addition, because amplifier U1 is easy to be influenced by power-supply fluctuation,
Can generally amplifier U1 be given to match a regulator circuit;Because Vi_IN sometimes changes very big, ripple can be generated at this time, into
And influence sampling and precisely avoid amplifier U1 signal sources unstable to the influence of sampling stability, amplification branch circuit also wraps
It includes:After capacitor C4 and resistance R6, resistance R6 and resistance R3 series connection parallel connection is formed with capacitor C4 again.
Embodiment 2
As shown in fig. 7, measuring the remaining capacity of a battery using foregoing circuit, a electricity is accessed in foregoing circuit
Pond, while OLED screen is also added in order to facilitate display, OLED screen shows the voltage value of battery and battery dump energy value.Make
During with a battery, its determining capability value Wbat is both known about, unit is generally mWh (also some marks mAh, if the positive reasons of mAh
It can be by specific battery behavior by unit conversion mWh, as common 18650 battery can be turned by mWh=3.7*mAh under condition
It is changed to mWh;This bodge of mWh is meant, if discharged with 1mW, can be discharged 1 hour;For convenience
Program calculates, and mWh can be transformed to mWS, relationship 1mWh=3600mWs.
Program (if it is desired to the electricity calculating of higher precision can carry out microsecond or millisecond rank) per second inside MCU is to negative
Row run-down is loaded into, the performance number Wnew consumed at this time can be calculated, and total consumed power value Wuse is carried out plus Wnew, finally
Calculating current remaining capacity is:(Wbat-Wuse)*N/Wbat;Wherein Wbat is battery total electricity (power);Wuse is current
The electricity (power) of battery wastage in bulk or weight;N represents " N point ratio " to be shown, if battery is to compare display with percentage, N N at this time
It is 100% or 1,000 ‰.
As shown in figure 8, summarizing above-mentioned thinking obtains a kind of method that circuit carries out battery capacity detection, including walking as follows
Suddenly:
1:Later voltage is amplified using amplifier by the microcontroller acquisition resistance R3 voltages being divided to
Value Vi_OUT;
2:The microcontroller is obtained according to the resistance value of the resistance R1 and resistance R2 according to Vi_OUT=Vi_IN*R1/R2
The voltage value Vi_IN that resistance R3 is divided to;The electric current Ii by resistance R3 is obtained thus according to the resistance value of resistance R3;
3:The microcontroller obtains the voltage value Vv_OUT of load anode, then the power of load resistance R_LOAD consumption is:P
=Vv_OUT*Ii, the microcontroller obtain the load resistance R_LOAD according to the power of load consumption described in frequency acquisition and disappear
The electricity Wuse of consumption, then the remaining capacity of battery be:(Wbat-Wuse) * N/Wbat, wherein Wbat are the total electricity of battery, and N is
N is 1%-1000 ‰.
Separately below using conventional batteries detection method of quantity of electricity and method provided by the invention respectively to same battery electricity
Amount measures, and realizes that result is as follows:
1. the remaining capacity of battery is detected using traditional detection method of quantity of electricity:
Traditional electricity algorithm is corresponded for charge value with battery voltage value, such as 4.15V is 100%, and 3.15V is
0% electricity, i.e. voltage drop 0.01V just reduce lattice electricity.Battery (the 18650 box hat high magnifications for a section 2000MAH used
Battery, sustainable 10A electric discharges;
(1) when not connecing load, the voltage value of battery is:4.15V, the electricity of battery are:100%;Connect 0.5 ohm negative
It carries, i.e. during R_LOAD=0.5 Ω, the voltage value moment of battery becomes:3.84V, the electricity of battery are:69%;
(2) when not connecing load, the voltage value of battery is:4.15V, the electricity of battery are:100%;Connect 1.0 ohm negative
It carries, i.e. during R_LOAD=1.0 Ω, the voltage value moment of battery becomes:3.93V, the electricity of battery are:78%;
(3) when not connecing load, the voltage value of battery is:4.14V, the electricity of battery are:99%;Connect 1.5 ohm negative
It carries, i.e. during R_LOAD=1.5 Ω, the voltage value moment of battery becomes:4.00V, the electricity of battery are:85%;
(4) when not connecing load, the voltage value of battery is:4.13V, the electricity of battery are:98%;Connect 2.0 ohm negative
It carries, i.e. during R_LOAD=2.0 Ω, the voltage value moment of battery becomes:4.04V, the electricity of battery are:89%;
(5) when not connecing load, the voltage value of battery is:4.13V, the electricity of battery are:98%;Connect 2.5 ohm negative
It carries, i.e. during R_LOAD=2.5 Ω, the voltage value moment of battery becomes:4.06V, the electricity of battery are:91%;
2. the remaining capacity of battery is measured using battery power detection circuit provided by the invention and method:The battery used
18650 box hat high-multiplying-power batteries (sustainable 10A electric discharges) for a section 2000MAH;
(1) when not connecing load, the voltage value of battery is:4.15V, the electricity of battery are:100%;Connect 0.5 ohm negative
It carries, i.e. during R_LOAD=0.5 Ω, the voltage value moment of battery becomes:3.85V, the electricity of battery are:100%;
(2) when not connecing load, the voltage value of battery is:4.15V, the electricity of battery are:100%;Connect 1.0 ohm negative
It carries, i.e. during R_LOAD=1.0 Ω, the voltage value moment of battery becomes:3.92V, the electricity of battery are:100%;
(3) when not connecing load, the voltage value of battery is:4.15V, the electricity of battery are:100%;Connect 1.5 ohm negative
It carries, i.e. during R_LOAD=1.5 Ω, the voltage value moment of battery becomes:3.99V, the electricity of battery are:100%;
(4) when not connecing load, the voltage value of battery is:4.15V, the electricity of battery are:100%;Connect 2.0 ohm negative
It carries, i.e. during R_LOAD=2.0 Ω, the voltage value moment of battery becomes:4.05V, the electricity of battery are:100%;
(5) when not connecing load, the voltage value of battery is:4.15V, the electricity of display are:100%;Connect 2.5 ohm negative
It carries, i.e. during R_LOAD=2.5 Ω, the voltage value moment of battery becomes:4.09V, the electricity of battery are:100%;
Pass through experimental data above, it can be seen that battery capacity is by output loading in conventional batteries detection method of quantity of electricity
Variation influence is very big, and output current variation is bigger, and electricity shows more inaccurate;And the present invention battery electricity detection method not by
Load the influence of variation.
Meanwhile the temperature in ambient enviroment can also influence the voltage value at battery both ends so as to influence conventional batteries electric power detection
The battery capacity that method detects;And temperature does not influence the battery electricity detection method of the present invention.
The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, it is impossible to assert
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs, it is not taking off
Under the premise of from present inventive concept, several equivalent substitute or obvious modifications can also be made, and performance or use is identical, all should
When being considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of battery power detection circuit, which is characterized in that including:Voltage sample branch circuit;Amplify branch circuit;Monolithic
The voltage sample branch circuit of machine;
The voltage sample branch circuit includes:Resistance R3 connects with load resistance R_LOAD, the resistance R3 and amplifier U1
Amplification anode input pin, power cathode pins in parallel;
The amplification branch circuit includes:Resistance R1 and resistance R2 connects the voltage of the amplification output pin of the amplifier U1
It divides to the amplification cathode input pin of the amplifier U1;
The voltage sample branch circuit of the microcontroller includes:Microcontroller, capacitor C1 and capacitor C2, the microcontroller receive
The voltage that resistance R3 is divided to amplifies later voltage using the amplifier U1, the capacitor C1 and capacitor C2 with
Corresponding analog-digital converter is in parallel inside the microcontroller.
2. battery power detection circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the resistance R1, resistance R2 and resistance R3
Resistance value accuracy within 1%.
3. battery power detection circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the sampling precision of the microcontroller is at 10
More than.
4. battery power detection circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the voltage sample branch electricity of the microcontroller
Road further includes analog-digital converter of the resistance R4 and resistance R5 series connection partial pressure to the microcontroller;Simultaneously with the resistance R3 with loading
The branch circuit parallel connection of resistance R_LOAD series connection.
5. battery power detection circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the amplification branch circuit further includes one
Capacitor C3, the capacitor and the positive pole pin of the amplifier U1 and power cathode pins in parallel.
6. battery power detection circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the amplification branch circuit is further included to putting
Big device U1 setting regulator circuits.
7. battery power detection circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the amplification branch circuit further includes:Electricity
After container C4 and resistance R6, resistance R6 and resistance R3 series connection parallel connection is formed with capacitor C4 again.
8. a kind of method that circuit using as described in claim 1-7 is any carries out battery capacity detection, which is characterized in that packet
Include following steps:
S1:Later voltage value is amplified using amplifier by the microcontroller acquisition resistance R3 voltages being divided to
Vi_OUT;
S2:The microcontroller obtains resistance according to the resistance value of the resistance R1 and resistance R2 according to Vi_OUT=Vi_IN*R1/R2
The voltage value Vi_IN that R3 is divided to;The electric current Ii by resistance R3 is obtained thus according to the resistance value of resistance R3;
S3:The microcontroller obtains the voltage value Vv_OUT of load anode, then the power of load resistance R_LOAD consumption is:P=
Vv_OUT*Ii, the microcontroller obtain the load resistance R_LOAD according to the power of load consumption described in frequency acquisition and consume
Electricity Wuse, then the remaining capacity of battery be:(Wbat-Wuse) * N/Wbat, wherein Wbat are the total electricity of battery, and N is
1%-1000 ‰.
9. the method for battery capacity as claimed in claim 8 detection, which is characterized in that the range of the frequency in step S3 is
1US-10S。
10. the method for battery capacity detection as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the Wuse is supported on logical for described in
Consumption electricity is accumulative in the electric time.
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Cited By (1)
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CN110361667A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-10-22 | 西安爱生无人机技术有限公司 | The battery electric quantity checking device and method of pure electric vehicle unmanned plane |
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Application publication date: 20180615 |