CN108169310B - Tail gas particulate matter detection device capable of improving stability - Google Patents

Tail gas particulate matter detection device capable of improving stability Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108169310B
CN108169310B CN201711429399.5A CN201711429399A CN108169310B CN 108169310 B CN108169310 B CN 108169310B CN 201711429399 A CN201711429399 A CN 201711429399A CN 108169310 B CN108169310 B CN 108169310B
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oxygen
electrode
substrate
chamber
particulate matter
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CN108169310A (en
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王金兴
张斌
刘宏宇
常潇然
张克金
王丹
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FAW Group Corp
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FAW Group Corp
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G01N27/4077—Means for protecting the electrolyte or the electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G01N27/409—Oxygen concentration cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/403—Cells and electrode assemblies
    • G01N27/406—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes
    • G01N27/407—Cells and probes with solid electrolytes for investigating or analysing gases
    • G01N27/41—Oxygen pumping cells

Abstract

The invention relates to a tail gas particulate matter detection device capable of improving stability, which is composed of a plurality of layers of rectangular substrates, wherein the substrate is made of zirconia doped with oxygen ion conducting solid electrolyte YSZ yttrium; the method is characterized in that: stacking the first substrate to the eighth substrate from top to bottom in sequence, wherein the second substrate is provided with an air chamber, an oxygen pump external electrode is arranged in the air chamber, and the electrode material of the oxygen pump external electrode is Pt; a reaction chamber is arranged on the fourth substrate, an oxygen pump battery, an oxygen sensitive battery and a detection electrode are arranged in the chamber, and the detection electrode is made of Pt; an air reference chamber and a reference electrode are arranged on the sixth substrate, and the reference electrode is made of Pt; and a heating electrode is arranged between the seventh substrate and the eighth substrate, and the material of the heating electrode is Pt. The problems that the particle sensor generates electricity and decomposes due to the fact that oxygen ion concentration is low and solid electrolyte is generated and decomposed under the condition that oxygen concentration in waste gas is low are solved, the sensor fails and burns insufficiently are solved, sufficient burning of particles can be guaranteed, and the service life of the sensor is prolonged.

Description

Tail gas particulate matter detection device capable of improving stability
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for detecting tail gas particles with improved stability, and belongs to the field of motor vehicle tail gas emission detection.
Background
With the rapid increase of the keeping quantity of motor vehicles, the form of atmospheric pollution becomes more severe, and the dust-haze weather seriously influences the life and health of people. Research shows that the particles in the automobile exhaust are one of the main causes of dust haze. It is very important to measure the particulate matter emission of automobile exhaust.
The existing measurement method of the particulate matter sensor is that high voltage is applied between two crossed working electrodes, particulate matters are deposited and gathered on the surfaces of the crossed electrodes to form an electric bridge, the resistance of the working electrodes changes due to the deposition of the particulate matters, and the concentration of the particulate matters in the tail gas can be detected through detecting current and the resistance calculated according to the detecting current. When the particulate matter has been deposited to some extent, the accumulated particulate matter is removed by combustion, and the method of burning the particulate matter may not sufficiently remove the carbon bound to the sensor electrode, patent 201180007319.1 provides a method of sufficiently removing the carbon bound to the electrode by adding an oxygen pump electrode to the sensor core to pump oxygen ions from the exhaust gas into the surface of the working electrode, and the oxygen ions that have reached the surface of the working electrode react rapidly with the carbon bound to the working electrode.
When the concentration of particulate matter is high and the concentration of oxygen in the exhaust gas is low, the oxygen ions pumped by the oxygen pump electrode to the working electrode remain limited, and when the oxygen concentration is too low, the solid electrolyte is susceptible to electrolysis. It is undesirable to use this method of pumping oxygen from the exhaust gas to the working electrode to burn the entire particulate matter at low exhaust gas oxygen concentrations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tail gas particulate matter detection device with improved stability and a detection method thereof, which overcome the problems that a particulate matter sensor generates electricity and decomposes by solid electrolyte due to low oxygen ion concentration under the condition of low oxygen concentration in waste gas, the sensor fails and burns insufficiently, can ensure the sufficient combustion of particulate matters, and prolong the service life of the sensor.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides an improve tail gas particulate matter detection device of stability, comprises multilayer rectangle substrate, and the substrate material is the zirconia of conduction oxygen ion's solid electrolyte YSZ yttrium doping, its characterized in that: the first substrate to the eighth substrate are sequentially overlapped from top to bottom, the second substrate is provided with an air cavity, and an oxygen pump outer electrode is arranged in the air cavity; the electrode material is Pt, a reaction chamber is arranged on the fourth substrate, an oxygen pump battery, an oxygen sensitive battery and a detection electrode are arranged in the chamber, and the detection electrode material is Pt; an air reference chamber and a reference electrode are arranged on the six substrates, and the reference electrode is made of Pt; and a heating electrode is arranged between the seventh substrate and the eighth substrate, and the heating electrode is made of Pt.
The oxygen pump battery is composed of an oxygen pump outer electrode and an oxygen pump inner electrode which are respectively arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the third substrate, and the two electrode materials are Pt.
The oxygen-sensitive battery consists of an oxygen-sensitive electrode arranged on the lower surface of the third substrate and a reference electrode arranged on the lower surface of the fifth substrate, and the oxygen-sensitive electrode is made of Pt.
The detection electrode is composed of two mutually crossed Pt electrodes arranged on the upper surface of the fifth substrate.
The detection electrode is positioned at the middle position right below the oxygen pump inner electrode and the oxygen sensitive electrode.
The air cavity is connected with the air, and the oxygen concentration in the cavity is the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere.
The detection steps of the tail gas particulate matter with improved stability are as follows: applying heating voltage to two ends of a heating electrode, starting the heating electrode, heating the sensor to 400 ℃, enabling particles in tail gas to enter a reaction chamber along with tail gas flow and deposit and gather on a detection electrode, applying a voltage E2 of 200V to two ends of the detection electrode, and controlling the heating temperature of the sensor to rise to above 700 ℃ when the quantity of the gathered particles is increased and exceeds a reference quantity because the particles form an electric bridge between the electrodes; meanwhile, when the detection electrode detects that more than the reference amount of particulate matter has accumulated, applying a pumping oxygen voltage E1 between the oxygen pump inner electrode and the oxygen pump outer electrode to pump oxygen in the air chamber into the reaction chamber; because the air chamber is communicated with the atmosphere, the oxygen content in the air chamber is higher, and enough oxygen source can be pumped into the reaction chamber; the particles are removed after reacting with oxygen on the detection electrode, the oxygen-sensitive cell measures the residual oxygen concentration after the reaction, the measured oxygen concentration is preset to be a constant value, and when the measured oxygen concentration does not reach a preset value, the pumping oxygen voltage E1 on the oxygen pump cell is increased until the residual oxygen concentration measured by the oxygen-sensitive cell reaches the preset value; thus ensuring that the oxygen concentration involved in the reaction is sufficient to react the particulate matter to completion.
The invention has the advantages of effectively solving the problems that when the concentration of particulate matters is higher and the concentration of oxygen in waste gas is lower, the solid electrolyte is electrolyzed and the service life of the sensor is reduced by adopting the method of pumping oxygen ions by the oxygen pump electrode. The complete reaction of the particles is effectively ensured, and the zero output of the sensor is stabilized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a sectional view of a first embodiment of a particulate matter detecting device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded structural view for explaining a first embodiment of the particulate matter detecting device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a second embodiment of the particulate matter detecting device according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of the relationship between time of use and sensor zero for a particulate matter sensor according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 1: 1-a first substrate; 2-a second substrate; 3-a second substrate; 4-a second substrate; 5-a second substrate; 6-a second substrate; 7-a second substrate; 8-a second substrate; 20-oxygen pump cell; 20 b-an oxygen pump outer electrode; 20 a-an oxygen pump inner electrode; 21-an oxygen sensitive cell; 21 a-an oxygen sensitive electrode; 21 b-a reference electrode; 22-a detection electrode; 23-a heating electrode; 30-a reaction chamber; 31-an air chamber; 32-air reference chamber.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples:
example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an exhaust particulate matter detection device with improved stability is composed of a plurality of layers of rectangular substrates, and the substrate material is solid electrolyte YSZ (yttrium-doped zirconia) which conducts oxygen ions. The substrates are stacked in order from the first substrate 1 to the eighth substrate 8 from top to bottom. The second substrate 2 is provided with an air chamber 31, an oxygen pump external electrode 20b is arranged in the air chamber 31, and the material of the oxygen pump external electrode 20b is Pt. The air chamber 31 is communicated with air, and the oxygen concentration in the chamber is the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere. The fourth substrate 4 is provided with a reaction chamber 30, and an oxygen pump cell 20, an oxygen-sensitive cell 21 and a detection electrode 22 are arranged in the chamber. The oxygen pump cell 20 is composed of an oxygen pump outer electrode 20b and an oxygen pump inner electrode 20a respectively disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the third substrate 1, and the oxygen pump inner electrode 20a is made of Pt. The oxygen-sensitive cell 21 is composed of an oxygen-sensitive electrode 21a provided on the lower surface of the third substrate 3 and a reference electrode 21b provided on the lower surface of the fifth substrate 5. The oxygen-sensitive electrode 21a and the reference electrode 21b are both made of Pt. The detection electrode 22 is composed of two mutually crossing Pt electrodes provided on the upper surface of the fifth substrate 5. The detection electrode 22 is located at a position directly below and intermediate to the oxygen pump internal electrode 20a and the oxygen-sensitive electrode 21 a. An air reference chamber 32 and a reference electrode 21b are provided on the sixth substrate 6. A heater electrode 23 is disposed between the seventh substrate 7 and the eighth substrate 8. The heating electrode 23 has two functions of heating and temperature measurement, and realizes heating according to voltage applied by an external power supply. FIG. 2 is an exploded structural view for explaining a first embodiment of the particulate matter detecting device according to the invention;
the utility model provides an improve tail gas particulate matter detection device of stability, particulate matter concentration detects through following step in to the tail gas: starting the heating electrode 23, heating the sensor to 400 ℃, allowing particles in the exhaust gas to enter the reaction chamber 30 along with the exhaust gas flow, depositing and gathering the particles on the detection electrode 22, and applying a voltage E of 200V to two ends of the detection electrode 222The heating electrode 23 controls the heating temperature of the sensor to rise above 700 c when the amount of the collected particles increases and exceeds the reference amount, because the particles form an electrical bridge between the electrodes, causing a change in the resistance of the sensing electrode 22. Meanwhile, when the detection electrode 22 detects that particulate matter more than the reference amount has accumulated, a pumping oxygen voltage E is applied between the oxygen pump inner electrode 20a and the oxygen pump outer electrode 20b1Oxygen in the air chamber 31 is pumped into the reaction chamber 30. Since the air chamber 31 is open to the atmosphere, the oxygen content in the air chamber 31 is high, ensuring that there is an adequate source of oxygen to pump into the reaction chamber 30. The particulate matter is removed after reacting with oxygen on the detection electrode 22, the oxygen sensor cell 21 measures the residual oxygen concentration after the reaction, the measured oxygen concentration is preset to a constant value, and when the measured oxygen concentration does not reach the preset value, the pumping oxygen voltage E on the oxygen pump cell 20 is increased1，Until the oxygen-sensitive cell 21 measures the residual oxygen concentration to reach the preset value. Thus ensuring that the oxygen concentration involved in the reaction is sufficient to react the particulate matter to completion. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the time of use and the zero point of the sensor of the particulate matter sensor according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, under the test condition that the particulate matter concentration is 10mg/m3As can be seen from the figure, the change of the base line of the sensor is small and the stability of the sensor is good along with the prolonging of the service time of the sensor.
Example 2
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a particulate matter detection device according to the present invention; the tail gas particulate matter detection device capable of improving stability is composed of a plurality of layers of rectangular substrates, wherein the substrates are made of solid electrolyte YSZ (yttrium-doped zirconia) capable of conducting oxygen ions. The substrates are stacked in order from the first substrate 1 to the eighth substrate 8 from top to bottom. The second substrate 2 is provided with an air chamber 31, an oxygen pump external electrode 20b is arranged in the air chamber 31, and the material of the oxygen pump external electrode 20b is Pt. The air chamber 31 is communicated with air, and the oxygen concentration in the chamber is the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere. The fourth substrate 4 is provided with a reaction chamber 30, and an oxygen pump cell 20, an oxygen-sensitive cell 21 and a detection electrode 22 are arranged in the chamber. The oxygen pump cell 20 is composed of one electrode and an oxygen pump external electrode 20b respectively provided in the detection electrode 22 on the upper surface of the fifth substrate 5, i.e., the oxygen pump cell 20 and the detection electrode share one electrode. The oxygen-sensitive cell 21 is composed of an oxygen-sensitive electrode 21a provided on the lower surface of the third substrate 3 and a reference electrode 21b provided on the lower surface of the fifth substrate 5. The oxygen-sensitive electrode 21a and the reference electrode 21b are both made of Pt. The detection electrode 22 is composed of two mutually crossing Pt electrodes provided on the upper surface of the fifth substrate 5. The detection electrode 22 is located at a position directly below and intermediate to the oxygen pump internal electrode 20a and the oxygen-sensitive electrode 21 a. An air reference chamber 32 and a reference electrode 21b are provided on the sixth substrate 6. A heater electrode 23 is disposed between the seventh substrate 7 and the eighth substrate 8. The heating electrode 23 has two functions of heating and temperature measurement, and realizes heating according to voltage applied by an external power supply.

Claims (1)

1. A tail gas particulate matter detection device capable of improving stability is composed of a plurality of layers of rectangular substrates, wherein the substrate material is solid electrolyte YSZ yttrium-doped zirconia conducting oxygen ions, the zirconia is sequentially stacked from a first substrate to an eighth substrate from top to bottom, the second substrate is provided with an air chamber, and an oxygen pump outer electrode is arranged in the air chamber; a reaction chamber is arranged on the fourth substrate, and an oxygen pump battery, an oxygen sensitive battery and a detection electrode are arranged in the chamber; an air reference chamber and a reference electrode are arranged on the sixth substrate; a heating electrode is arranged between the seventh substrate and the eighth substrate; the method is characterized in that: the oxygen-sensitive cell consists of an oxygen-sensitive electrode arranged on the lower surface of the third substrate and a reference electrode arranged on the lower surface of the fifth substrate; the detection electrode is positioned at the middle position right below the oxygen-sensitive electrode and the inner electrode of the oxygen pump, and the detection steps are as follows: applying heating voltage to two ends of a heating electrode, starting the heating electrode, heating the sensor to 400 ℃, enabling particles in tail gas to enter a reaction chamber along with tail gas flow and deposit and gather on a detection electrode, applying a voltage E2 of 200V to two ends of the detection electrode, and controlling the heating temperature of the sensor to rise to above 700 ℃ when the quantity of the gathered particles is increased and exceeds a reference quantity because the particles form an electric bridge between the electrodes; meanwhile, when the detection electrode detects that more than the reference amount of particulate matter has accumulated, applying a pumping oxygen voltage E1 between the oxygen pump inner electrode and the oxygen pump outer electrode to pump oxygen in the air chamber into the reaction chamber; because the air chamber is communicated with the atmosphere, the oxygen content in the air chamber is higher, and enough oxygen source can be pumped into the reaction chamber; the particles are removed after reacting with oxygen on the detection electrode, the oxygen-sensitive cell measures the residual oxygen concentration after the reaction, the measured oxygen concentration is preset to be a constant value, and when the measured oxygen concentration does not reach a preset value, the pumping oxygen voltage E1 on the oxygen pump cell is increased until the residual oxygen concentration measured by the oxygen-sensitive cell reaches the preset value; thus ensuring that the oxygen concentration involved in the reaction is sufficient to react the particulate matter to completion.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1121177A (en) * 1994-06-09 1996-04-24 日本电装株式会社 Oxygen concentration detector
CN1493876A (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-05 日本特殊陶业株式会社 Gas sensor having laminate comprising solid electrolyte layer and alumina substrate

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6773565B2 (en) * 2000-06-22 2004-08-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Riken NOx sensor
EP1211508A3 (en) * 2000-11-27 2004-10-27 Kabushiki Kaisha Riken Gas sensing and oxygen pumping device
JP5530890B2 (en) * 2009-10-13 2014-06-25 日本碍子株式会社 Gas sensor
JP5163663B2 (en) * 2010-01-29 2013-03-13 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Fine particle detection sensor and fine particle detection device
CN103376286B (en) * 2012-04-26 2015-03-25 金坛鸿鑫电子科技有限公司 Tail gas detection sensor and methods for detecting concentration of nitrogen oxides and concentration of particulate matters in tail gas
JP6048463B2 (en) * 2014-09-01 2016-12-21 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Gas concentration detector

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1121177A (en) * 1994-06-09 1996-04-24 日本电装株式会社 Oxygen concentration detector
CN1493876A (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-05 日本特殊陶业株式会社 Gas sensor having laminate comprising solid electrolyte layer and alumina substrate

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