It is a kind of to improve fluorescence intensity ratio technology in the survey of high temperature section using double centre of luminescence strategies
The method of warm sensitivity
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensitive in high temperature section thermometric using double centre of luminescence strategies raising fluorescence intensity ratio technologies
The method of degree.
Background technology
The temperature physical quantity most basic as one, considerable effect is all played in every field.Traditional temperature
Degree sensor is all restricted in more and more fields, thus contactless optical sensor comes into being, wherein, fluorescence
Intensity is than technology since stronger anti-interference is noticeable.
Traditional fluorescence intensity ratio thermometry is all based on the thermal coupling energy level pair of rare earth ion, fluorescence intensity ratio and
Relationship between temperature can be described with the hot statistical distribution theory of following Boltzmann:Δ=Aexp (- Δ E/kT),
Middle Δ is the integrated intensity ratio of two beam fluorescence, and A is constant before index, and Δ E is energy level difference, and k is Boltzmann constant, and T is exhausted
To temperature.In temperature sensor field, relative sensitivity is the parameter of most important method of discrimination quality, its base table
It is up to formula:The hot statistical distribution theory of Boltzmann is brought into the most basic expression formula of relative sensitivity by S=d Δs/dT/ Δs,
It can obtain the further expression formula of relative sensitivity:S=Δs E/kT2, thus formula can learn for a determining Δ E,
Relative sensitivity is only related with temperature, it declines with the raising of temperature;Thus formula is again it can be seen that relative sensitivity and temperature
Square inversely, thus with the quick raising of temperature, relative sensitivity can drastically decline.
We are with most typical Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2For thermal coupling energy level pair, the energy level pair is utilized
Thermometric is carried out, is 1%K in the relative sensitivity that room temperature 300K or so can be obtained-1;When temperature is increased to 500K or so, phase
0.36%K is dropped sharply to sensitivity-1, the 36% of relative sensitivity when this refers to only room temperature.Under identical condition, relatively
Sensitivity is bigger, then temperature measurement accuracy is higher, thus is difficult to realize using traditional fluorescence intensity ratio thermometry in higher temperature
It spends and high-precision temperature survey is realized in section, this problem seriously limits the further hair of fluorescence intensity ratio thermometry
Exhibition.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to solve be difficult to realize using traditional fluorescence intensity ratio thermometry in higher temperature
The problem of realizing high-precision temperature survey is spent in section, it is sensitive to provide a kind of raising thulium ion near-infrared up-conversion fluorescence thermometric
The method of degree.
The present invention is a kind of to improve fluorescence intensity ratio technology in high temperature section sensitivity of thermometry using double centre of luminescence strategies
Method is to carry out according to the following steps:
First, Yb is prepared3+-Tm3+-Er3+The NaYF that ion is co-doped with4Then nanocrystal carries out tabletting, obtain thermometric sample;
2nd, thermometric sample is put into cold and hot, using 980nm near-infrared lasers diode as excitation light source, is arrived 298
The temperature range of 350K utilizes Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Fluorescent belt carry out temperature calibration, obtain temperature calibration
Curve A;Er is utilized in the high temperature section of 350K-448K3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Fluorescent belt caused by transition
Temperature calibration is carried out, obtains temperature calibration curve B;
3rd, thermometric sample is positioned over environment to be measured, is carried out using temperature calibration curve A and temperature calibration curve B to be measured
The measurement of temperature.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
(1) Yb is prepared3+-Tm3+-Er3+The NaYF that ion is co-doped with4Nanocrystal and in this, as temperature sensing medium.
(2) sample prepared in step (1) is put into the cold and hot accurate control into trip temperature, determined so as to obtain temperature
Mark song line.
(3) temperature range 298 to 350K utilizes traditional Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Thermal coupling energy
Grade is to carrying out temperature calibration;Er is utilized in the high temperature section more than 350K3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Transition is produced
Raw fluorescence is to carrying out temperature calibration.
(4) measurement of actual temperature can be carried out using two temperature calibration curves in step (3), due in high temperature
Section utilizes traditional Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Thermal coupling energy level is to carrying out the sensitivity that is obtained of thermometric too
It is small, and utilize the Er in step (3)3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Fluorescence caused by transition can be with to carrying out thermometric
Sensitivity is increased to original three times.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
It is double using a kind of utilization involved in the present invention arrived by introducing second luminescent center ion in sample preparation
Centre of luminescence strategy improves fluorescence intensity ratio technology in the method for high temperature section sensitivity of thermometry, and it is strong can to greatly improve fluorescence
The relative sensitivity than thermometry in higher temperature section is spent, the minimum thermometric obtained within the scope of wider temperature is opposite
Sensitivity is 0.82%K-1, larger relative sensitivity 1.59%K is obtained in higher temperature 448K-1, improve the technology
Temperature measurement accuracy, so as to push its functionization.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6The alternating temperature of fluorescence caused by transition
Rule;Wherein a is Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2, b Er3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2, c Tm3+'s3F3-3H6;
Fig. 2 is traditional Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Fluorescence intensity ratio with temperature alternating temperature rule;
Fig. 3 is Er3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Fluorescence intensity ratio with temperature alternating temperature rule;
Fig. 4 is using Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2The relative sensitivity and adopt that fluorescence intensity ratio is obtained
Use Er3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6The relative sensitivity that fluorescence intensity ratio is obtained;Wherein d is Er3+, e Er3+-
Tm3+。
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one:Present embodiment is a kind of to improve fluorescence intensity ratio technology in height using double centre of luminescence strategies
The method of sensitivity of thermometry between warm area is to carry out according to the following steps:
First, Yb is prepared3+-Tm3+-Er3+The NaYF that ion is co-doped with4Then nanocrystal carries out tabletting, obtain thermometric sample;
2nd, thermometric sample is put into cold and hot, using 980nm near-infrared lasers diode as excitation light source, is arrived 298
The temperature range of 350K utilizes Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Fluorescent belt carry out temperature calibration, obtain temperature calibration
Curve A;Er is utilized in the high temperature section of 350K-448K3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Fluorescent belt caused by transition
Temperature calibration is carried out, obtains temperature calibration curve B;
3rd, thermometric sample is positioned over environment to be measured, is carried out using temperature calibration curve A and temperature calibration curve B to be measured
The measurement of temperature.
Present embodiment prepares Yb using ripe solvent thermal process3+-Tm3+-Er3+The NaYF that ion is co-doped with4Nanocrystal
And in this, as temperature sensing medium.Traditional Yb3+-Er3+The NaYF that ion is co-doped with4There was only Er in nanocrystal3+One shines
Center, and the basic representation of relative sensitivity is:S=Δs E/kT2, it can thus be concluded that relative sensitivity and temperature square into
Inverse relation, thus with the quick raising of temperature, relative sensitivity can drastically decline, this, which is just determined, utilizes Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2The relative sensitivity that thermal coupling energy level is obtained when higher temperature section measures can be very
It is small, which limits fluorescence intensity ratio technology high-temperature field application.And the present invention introduces second in sample preparation
Centre of luminescence Tm3+, this can break the limitation of the smaller relative sensitivity caused by a centre of luminescence.
The advantageous effect of present embodiment is:
It is double using a kind of utilization involved in the present invention arrived by introducing second luminescent center ion in sample preparation
Centre of luminescence strategy improves fluorescence intensity ratio technology in the method for high temperature section sensitivity of thermometry, and it is strong can to greatly improve fluorescence
The relative sensitivity than thermometry in higher temperature section is spent, the minimum thermometric obtained within the scope of wider temperature is opposite
Sensitivity is 0.82%K-1, larger relative sensitivity 1.59%K is obtained in higher temperature 448K-1, improve the technology
Temperature measurement accuracy, so as to push its functionization.
Specific embodiment two:The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:Yb in step 13+-Tm3+-Er3 +The NaYF that ion is co-doped with4The preparation method of nanocrystal is solvent-thermal method.It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment three:The present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that:Yb in step 13+-Tm3 +-Er3+The nanocrystal NaYF that ion is co-doped with4Preparation method specifically include following steps:
(1) it is stirred and under conditions of whole logical nitrogen protection gas in continuing magnetic force, by 0.79mmol YbCl3·6H2O、
0.2mmol YbCl3·6H2O He 0.005mmol TmCl3·6H2O and 0.005mmol ErCl3·6H2O is added to 50mL's
In round bottom there-necked flask, and 6mL oleic acid and 10mL octadecylene solvents are added in, then seal there-necked flask and be heated to 160 DEG C of guarantors
Warm 1h;
(2) by 6mmol NaOH and 4mmol NH4F is added in the glass sample bottle of the methanol solution equipped with 20mL,
Continuing magnetic force stirs 0.5h at a temperature of 50 DEG C, obtains mixed solution A;
(3) there-necked flask of step (1) is cooled to 50 DEG C, and mixed solution A is added in there-necked flask, at such a temperature
Keep the temperature 0.5h;
(4) there-necked flask of step (3) is warming up to 70 DEG C and is open and keep the temperature 10min;
(5) there-necked flask of step (4) is warming up to 110 DEG C and is open and keep the temperature 10min;
(6) there-necked flask of step (5) is warming up to 300 DEG C and sealing thermal insulation 1h;
(7) there-necked flask of step (6) is cooled to room temperature, adds in 30mL absolute ethyl alcohols and centrifugation obtains nanocrystal
NaYF4Sample;
(8) by nanocrystal NaYF4Sample stands for 24 hours i.e. completion in 70 DEG C of thermostatic drying chamber.Other and specific implementation
Mode one or two is identical.
Specific embodiment four:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three:Institute in step 1
The Yb of preparation3+-Tm3+-Er3+The NaYF that ion is co-doped with4Nanocrystal is nano powder material.Other and specific embodiment one
It is identical to one of three.
Specific embodiment five:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to four:Powder in step 1
The thickness of last tabletting is 2mm.It is other identical with one of specific embodiment one to four.
Specific embodiment six:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to five:In step 2
The scaling method of temperature calibration curve A is:Thermometric sample is put into cold and hot, using 980nm near-infrared lasers diode as swash
Light emitting source, 298 arrive 350K temperature range, every 5k, to Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Fluorescence band strength
It is integrated, ratio then is carried out to the integrated intensity of two fluorescent belts, the integration for obtaining two fluorescent belts under different temperatures is strong
The ratio of degree, reduced value are fitted to get to temperature calibration curve A;Two fluorescent belt integrated intensities of temperature calibration curve A
Ratio range be 0.274-0.453.It is other identical with one of specific embodiment one to five.
Specific embodiment seven:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to six:In step 2
The scaling method of temperature calibration curve B is:Thermometric sample is put into cold and hot, using 980nm near-infrared lasers diode as swash
Light emitting source, in the high temperature section of 350K-448K, every 5k, to Er3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Caused by transition
Fluorescence band strength is integrated, and is then carried out ratio to the integrated intensity of two fluorescent belts, is obtained two fluorescence under different temperatures
The ratio of the integrated intensity of band, reduced value are fitted to get to temperature calibration curve B.;Two of temperature calibration curve B are glimmering
The ratio range of light belt integrated intensity is 0.094-0.334.It is other identical with one of specific embodiment one to six.
Specific embodiment eight:Unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to seven:It is sharp in step 3
It is with the method that testing temperature is treated in temperature calibration curve A and temperature calibration curve B measurements:Monitor the red Er of environment to be measured3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Fluorescent belt, judge that whether it integrates ratio in 0.274-0.453 sections, temperature then utilized in this section
It spends calibration curve A and carries out thermometric;If Er is not monitored in 0.274-0.453 sections3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Jump
Generated fluorescent belt is moved, judges that whether it integrates ratio in 0.094-0.334 sections, the progress of this function is then utilized in this section
Thermometric.It is other identical with one of specific embodiment one to seven.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are verified by following embodiment:
Embodiment one:The present embodiment is a kind of to improve fluorescence intensity ratio technology in the survey of high temperature section using double centre of luminescence strategies
The method of warm sensitivity is to carry out according to the following steps:
First, Yb is prepared3+-Tm3+-Er3+The NaYF that ion is co-doped with4Then nanocrystal carries out tabletting, obtain thermometric sample;
2nd, thermometric sample is put into cold and hot, using 980nm near-infrared lasers diode as excitation light source, is arrived 298
The temperature range of 350K utilizes Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Fluorescent belt to carry out temperature calibration, obtain the scale of thermometer
Determine curve A;Er is utilized in the high temperature section of 350K-448K3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Fluorescence caused by transition
It brings trip temperature calibration into, obtains temperature calibration curve B;
3rd, thermometric sample is positioned over environment to be measured, it can be into using temperature calibration curve A and temperature calibration curve B
The measurement of row actual temperature.
Wherein the thickness of pressed powder sample is 2mm, a diameter of 15mm, weight 0.3g, suppresses pressure used during sample
Power is 8MPa.
Yb in step 13+-Tm3+-Er3+The nanocrystal NaYF that ion is co-doped with4Preparation method specifically include following step
Suddenly:
(1) it is stirred and under conditions of whole logical nitrogen protection gas in continuing magnetic force, by 0.79mmol YbCl3·6H2O、
0.2mmol YbCl3·6H2O He 0.005mmol TmCl3·6H2O and 0.005mmol ErCl3·6H2O is added to 50mL's
In round bottom there-necked flask, and 6mL oleic acid and 10mL octadecylene solvents are added in, then seal there-necked flask and be heated to 160 DEG C of guarantors
Warm 1h;
(2) by 6mmol NaOH and 4mmol NH4F is added in the glass sample bottle of the methanol solution equipped with 20mL,
Continuing magnetic force stirs 0.5h at a temperature of 50 DEG C, obtains mixed solution A;
(3) there-necked flask of step (1) is cooled to 50 DEG C, and mixed solution A is added in there-necked flask, at such a temperature
Keep the temperature 0.5h;
(4) there-necked flask of step (3) is warming up to 70 DEG C and is open and keep the temperature 10min;
(5) there-necked flask of step (4) is warming up to 110 DEG C and is open and keep the temperature 10min;
(6) there-necked flask of step (5) is warming up to 300 DEG C and sealing thermal insulation 1h;
(7) there-necked flask of step (6) is cooled to room temperature, adds in 30mL absolute ethyl alcohols and centrifugation obtains nanocrystal
NaYF4Sample;
(8) by nanocrystal NaYF4Sample stands for 24 hours i.e. completion in 70 DEG C of thermostatic drying chamber.
The scaling method of temperature calibration curve A in step 2 is:Thermometric sample is put into cold and hot, it is closely red with 980nm
Outer laser diode is as excitation light source, in the temperature range that 298 arrive 350K, every 5k, to Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Fluorescence band strength integrated, ratio then is carried out to the integrated intensity of two fluorescent belts, obtains different temperatures
The ratio of the integrated intensity of lower two fluorescent belts, reduced value are fitted to get to temperature calibration curve A;Temperature calibration curve A
Two fluorescent belt integrated intensities ratio range be 0.274-0.453.
The scaling method of temperature calibration curve B in step 2 is:Thermometric sample is put into cold and hot, it is closely red with 980nm
Outer laser diode is as excitation light source, in the high temperature section of 350K-448K, every 5k, to Er3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+
's3F3-3H6Fluorescence band strength is integrated caused by transition, is then carried out ratio to the integrated intensity of two fluorescent belts, is obtained
The ratio of the integrated intensity of two fluorescent belts under to different temperatures, reduced value are fitted to get to temperature calibration curve B;Temperature
The ratio range for spending two fluorescent belt integrated intensities of calibration curve B is 0.094-0.334.
Thermometric sample is put into the cold and hot accurate control into trip temperature, is 298 to 448K between temperature-controlled area, so as to obtain
Obtain Temperature Scaling curve.Attached drawing 1 is Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6It is glimmering caused by transition
The alternating temperature rule of light, it can be seen that Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6It is glimmering caused by transition
Light has different temperature dependences, thus can utilize Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2And Er3+'s4S3/2
-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Into the characterization of trip temperature.As shown in Figure 1, Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6All with
It the raising of temperature and increases, but rate of change is variant.In lower temperature, Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2Increase faster,
And continue to increase with temperature, Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Then there is faster rate of rise, this explanation utilizes traditional Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2In high temperature section, thermometric will obtain smaller relative sensitivity, and utilize Er3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Larger relative sensitivity will be obtained.
The present embodiment prepares Yb using ripe solvent thermal process3+-Tm3+-Er3+The NaYF that ion is co-doped with4Nanocrystal is simultaneously
In this, as temperature sensing medium.Traditional Yb3+-Er3+The NaYF that ion is co-doped with4There was only Er in nanocrystal3+During one shines
The heart, and the basic representation of relative sensitivity is:S=Δs E/kT2, it can thus be concluded that relative sensitivity and temperature is square into anti-
Than relationship, thus with the quick raising of temperature, relative sensitivity can drastically decline, this, which is just determined, utilizes Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2The relative sensitivity meeting very little that thermal coupling energy level is obtained when higher temperature section measures, this
Limit application of the fluorescence intensity ratio technology in high-temperature field.And the present embodiment introduces second in sample preparation and shines
Center Tm3+, this can break the limitation of the smaller relative sensitivity caused by a centre of luminescence.
As shown in Figure 2, in 298 to 448K temperature range, Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Fluorescence is strong
Degree illustrates that this ratio can be used for than can be well fitted with the hot Statistical Distribution of Boltzmann between temperature
Characterize temperature.
As shown in Figure 3, in 298 to 448K temperature range, Er3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Fluorescence is strong
It can be well fitted with exponential function between degree ratio and temperature, illustrate to be used for measuring temperature using two centres of luminescence
Degree.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 2 and attached drawing 3 fitting result, can obtain it is attached shown in Fig. 4 as a result, i.e. use Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Relative sensitivity that fluorescence intensity ratio is obtained and using Er3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6The comparison for the relative sensitivity that fluorescence intensity ratio is obtained.It can be seen that Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2Phase
Sensitivity is drastically declined with the raising of temperature, when temperature reaches 448K, relative sensitivity only has 0.50%K-1, this is aobvious
So it is unfavorable for high precision measuring temperature.In contrast, Er is utilized3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Relative sensitivity with temperature
The raising of degree and quickly increase, when temperature reaches 448K, opposite high sensitivity reaches 1.59%K-1, it is Er3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2With
Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Three times of the relative sensitivity obtained.
The present embodiment passes through in Yb3+-Er3+The NaYF of co-doped4Second centre of luminescence of nanocrystalline middle introducing, i.e. Tm3 +, then utilize Er3+'s4S3/2-4I15/2And Tm3+'s3F3-3H6Measurement into trip temperature can obtain up to 1.59%K in 448K-1
Relative sensitivity, this numerical value compared to utilize single centre of luminescence Er3+'s2H11/2-4I15/2With4S3/2-4I15/2It is relatively clever
Sensitivity improves three times.Under square one, relative sensitivity improves, then the measurement accuracy of temperature can also be promoted therewith, because
It is and a kind of clever in high temperature section thermometric using double centre of luminescence strategies raising fluorescence intensity ratio technologies involved by the present embodiment
Fluorescence intensity thermometry can be extended in higher temperature range by the method for sensitivity, so as to obtain the temperature of higher precision
Measurement result.