CN108168517B - Method and system for automatically measuring inclination angle of building - Google Patents

Method and system for automatically measuring inclination angle of building Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108168517B
CN108168517B CN201810106806.7A CN201810106806A CN108168517B CN 108168517 B CN108168517 B CN 108168517B CN 201810106806 A CN201810106806 A CN 201810106806A CN 108168517 B CN108168517 B CN 108168517B
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tilt
angle
coordinate system
inclination
sensor
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CN108168517A (en
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李卫东
滕敏堂
吴云桥
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Polysense Beijing Technology Co ltd
Polysense Luoyang Technology Co ltd
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Polysense Beijing Technology Co ltd
Polysense Luoyang Technology Co ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00—Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels

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Abstract

The invention relates to a building inclination angle automatic measurement method and a system, which specifically comprise the following steps: determining an included angle between a coordinate system of the tilt sensor and a geodetic coordinate system according to the initial installation angle of the tilt sensor; acquiring real-time angle data measured by the tilt angle sensor; and determining the inclination rate and the inclination direction of the surveyed building according to the included angle and the real-time angle data, wherein the initial installation position of the tilt sensor is arbitrary, so that the coordinate system of the tilt sensor does not necessarily completely accord with the geodetic coordinate system. By using the method and the system, the error of artificial measurement can be reduced, the precision of measuring the building inclination angle by using the inclination angle sensor is improved, continuous measurement can be realized, and when the inclination of the building towards a certain direction exceeds a certain degree, engineering personnel are informed to take measures in time, so that collapse accidents are effectively prevented and avoided.

Description

Method and system for automatically measuring inclination angle of building
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a system for automatically measuring a building inclination angle.
Background
Building inclination angle measurement is very common in the building field, and an important application field is that the quality and the health condition of a building can be effectively evaluated by measuring the inclination angle of the building, particularly frequent building collapse accidents in recent years, and most of collapses can be prevented and avoided if an effective inclination monitoring mechanism is always provided for the building.
The traditional building dip angle measuring method is to carry out on-site survey by adopting a manual operation level meter, the efficiency of the method is undoubtedly low, and people usually spend several days or even one week to finish the survey of a building; another problem with this approach is that the accuracy of the test results is often affected by the skill level and subjective willingness of the person measuring the test.
In recent years, many methods for automatic inclination measurement by installing survey equipment on a building have appeared, and the survey equipment is often built with an inclination sensor, and can automatically measure the angles in three directions of X/Y/Z relative to the self coordinate system, and then convert the angles into the inclination of the building relative to the geodetic coordinate system through a specific algorithm, but the method has some problems: the initial installation position of the sensor is required to be completely coincident with the geodetic coordinate system, so that the engineering installation and deployment are inconvenient, and the conversion process is complex.
It is therefore desirable to provide a method and system that can quickly convert the angle of the sensor's own coordinate system to the inclination of the building relative to the geodetic coordinate system, without requiring an initial installation location of the sensor.
Disclosure of Invention
The building inclination angle measuring method is realized by the following steps: determining an included angle between a coordinate system of the tilt sensor and a geodetic coordinate system according to the initial installation angle of the tilt sensor; acquiring real-time angle data measured by the tilt angle sensor; and determining the inclination rate and the inclination direction of the surveyed building according to the included angle and the real-time angle data, wherein the initial installation position of the inclination angle sensor is arbitrary. So that the tilt sensor's own coordinate system does not necessarily have to be exactly coincident with the geodetic coordinate system.
Wherein the tilt rate of the building comprises an absolute tilt rate and/or a tilt rate in each direction.
Further, the included angles include an included angle Ai between a projection of an X axis of a self coordinate system of the tilt sensor on a geodetic horizontal plane and an East axis of the geodetic coordinate system in a counterclockwise direction, and initial included angles Axi and Ayi between an XY plane of the self coordinate system of the tilt sensor and X, Y axes of the horizontal plane of the geodetic coordinate system.
Further, the determining the tilt rate and tilt direction of the structure under investigation comprises the steps of: (1) calibrating the initial installation angle of the tilt sensor to ensure that the coordinate system of the calibrated tilt sensor is superposed with the geodetic coordinate system; (2) the calibrated data is used to calculate the absolute tilt rate, the direction of absolute tilt, and/or the tilt rate in each direction of the structure being surveyed.
Further, the step of calibrating the initial installation angle of the tilt sensor to make the coordinate system of the tilt sensor after calibration coincide with the geodetic coordinate system specifically comprises:
Ax＝Ax1–Axi，
Ay＝Ay1-Ayi，
the real-time angle data of the inclination angle sensor in the X, Y direction are measured by Ax1 and Ay1, Axi and Ayi are respectively initial included angles of an XY plane of a coordinate system of the inclination angle sensor and a horizontal plane of a geodetic coordinate system in the X, Y direction, and Ax and Ay are angles of the inclination angle sensor in the X, Y direction after calibration.
Further, the step of calculating the absolute tilt rate of the structure under investigation using the calibrated data specifically comprises the steps of:
using a formula one, calculating an angle Az of the tilt sensor in the Z-axis direction by using the angles Ax and Ay of the calibrated tilt sensor in the X, Y direction, specifically:
(SinAz)2＝(SinAx)2+(SinAy)2(formula one);
calculating the absolute tilt rate IR of the surveyed building using Az: IR ═ TanAz |.
Further, the calculating the direction of the absolute inclination of the surveyed building by using the calibrated data specifically comprises the following steps:
according to Ax and Ay, calculating an included angle Ad between the projection of the Z axis of the self coordinate system of the tilt angle sensor on the ground horizontal plane and the East axis of the ground coordinate system in the counterclockwise direction, and specifically comprising:
when Ax or Ay is 0, the Ad calculation steps are as follows:
if Ay is 0 and Ax > is 0, then Ad is 0 °;
if Ay is 0 and Ax <0, then Ad is 180 °;
if Ax is 0 and Ay >0, Ad is 90 °;
if Ax is 0 and Ay <0, Ad is 270 °;
when Ay and Ay are not both 0, the Ad calculation steps are as follows:
let TanAd' ═ Sinay/Sinax,
if Ay >0 and Ax >0, Ad ═ Ad';
if Ay <0 and Ax <0, Ad 180 ° + Ad';
if Ay >0 and Ax <0, Ad is 180-Ad';
if Ay <0 and Ax >0, then Ad is 360 ° -Ad';
calibrating Ad and determining the final inclined direction AdFinally, the product is processedThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
Adfinally, the product is processed＝Ad-Ai，
If calculated AdFinally, the product is processed<0, then AdFinally, the product is processed＝360°+Ad–Ai。
Further, the method for determining the inclination rate of the surveyed building in each direction by using the calibrated data comprises the following steps:
if the angle is less than or equal to 0 degree AdFinally, the product is processedLess than or equal to 90 degrees
IR-east＝IR*CosAdFinally, the product is processed，
IR-north＝IR*SinAdFinally, the product is processed，
IR-west＝0，
IR-south＝0；
If the angle is less than or equal to 90 degrees AdFinally, the product is processedLess than or equal to 180 DEG, then
IR-west＝|IR*CosAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-north＝|IR*AdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-east＝0，
IR-south＝0；
If the angle is less than or equal to 180 degrees AdFinally, the product is processedLess than or equal to 270 degrees
IR-west＝|IR*CosAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-south＝|IR*SinAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-east＝0，
IR-north＝0；
If not, then,
IR-east＝|IR*CosAdfinally, the product is processed|，
IR-south＝|IR*SinAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-west＝0，
IR-north＝0；
Where IR-east represents the tilt rate in the east direction, IR-west represents the tilt rate in the west direction, IR-south represents the tilt rate in the south direction, and IR-north represents the tilt rate in the north direction.
The invention also provides a system for implementing the inclination angle measuring method, which comprises an inclination angle sensor, a processing device and a control device, wherein the inclination angle sensor is arranged at a proper position of a measured building and is used for processing measured data; the processing device comprises an inclination rate determining module, an inclination direction determining module, a display module, an alarm module and an input module. The input module is used for inputting an included angle between a coordinate system of the sensor and a coordinate system of a geodetic coordinate system at the initial time; the tilt rate determination module may determine an absolute tilt rate of the building; the display module displays the absolute inclination direction and the absolute inclination rate of the building; and when the absolute inclination rate in a certain direction exceeds an allowable value, the alarm module gives an alarm.
Further, the tilt rate determination module may further determine the tilt rate in each direction of east, south, west and north according to the absolute tilt direction.
Further, the tilt sensor may employ a MEMS tilt sensor.
By the method and the device, the invention has the following advantages: the invention has smaller limit on the installation position of the tilt angle sensor, is convenient for engineering deployment and can reduce the error in manual measurement; meanwhile, by calculating Az, the precision of measuring the building inclination angle by using the inclination angle sensor can be improved, and continuous measurement can be realized; when the inclination of the building towards a certain direction exceeds a certain degree, engineering personnel are informed to take measures in time, and collapse accidents are effectively prevented and avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exemplary flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the sensor's coordinate system forming an angle with the geodetic coordinate system when initially installed;
FIG. 3 shows the case when the coordinate system of the sensor (represented by the X/Y/Z axis) and the geodetic coordinate system (represented by the East/North/Gravity axis) are completely coincident after calibration;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the coordinate system changes when the building is tilted;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a tilt angle measurement system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.
As shown in fig. 1, it is a processing flow of the method of the present invention: determining an included angle between a coordinate system of the sensor and a geodetic coordinate system according to the initial installation angle of the tilt sensor; the inclination angle sensor measures the inclination data of the building in real time, and determines the inclination rate and the inclination direction of the measured building by utilizing the algorithm of the invention according to the measured data. Wherein the tilt rate includes an absolute tilt rate and a tilt rate in each direction, the tilt direction being an absolute tilt direction.
The following describes in detail how the tilt rate and tilt direction are determined in the present application. Generally, the tilt sensor can only measure the angle value relative to its own coordinate system, and therefore, the angle measured by the tilt sensor relative to its own coordinate system needs to be converted into an angle relative to the geodetic coordinate system.
In actual deployment, it is difficult to make the coordinate system of the sensor completely consistent with the geodetic coordinate system, and even if the coordinate system of the sensor can be completely consistent with the geodetic coordinate system, the complexity of engineering installation is greatly increased, and the deployment efficiency is influenced. In the invention, the inconsistency of the coordinate system of the sensor and the geodetic coordinate system is allowed to exist, the inconsistency is expressed by Ai, and Ai is an included angle between the projection of the X axis of the coordinate system of the sensor on the geodetic horizontal plane and the East axis of the geodetic coordinate system in the anticlockwise direction, as shown in figure 2.
In the sensor installation, in addition to the above-mentioned initial installation angle Ai, there may be an angle between the XY plane of the sensor's own coordinate system and the horizontal plane of the geodetic coordinate system, i.e. there are initial angles Axi and Ayi (not shown) between the XY plane of the tilt sensor's own coordinate system and the X, Y axis of the horizontal plane of the geodetic coordinate system, when the tilt rate and tilt direction of the structure to be surveyed are to be determined, comprising the following steps: (1) the initial installation angle of the tilt sensor is calibrated, so that the coordinate system of the calibrated tilt sensor coincides with the geodetic coordinate system, as shown in fig. 3. The influence of the initial installation angle of the sensor is eliminated through initial value calibration, and the specific calibration process is as follows:
Ax＝Ax1–Axi，
Ay＝Ay1-Ayi，
the real-time angle data of the inclination angle sensor in the X, Y direction are measured by Ax1 and Ay1, Axi and Ayi are respectively initial included angles of an XY plane of a coordinate system of the inclination angle sensor and a horizontal plane of a geodetic coordinate system in the X, Y direction, and Ax and Ay are angles of the inclination angle sensor in the X, Y direction after calibration.
Through the calibration, the coordinate system of the calibrated tilt sensor can be coincided with the geodetic coordinate system.
The method for determining the inclination rate of the surveyed building after the calibration is finished further comprises the following step (2): the calibrated data is used to calculate the absolute tilt rate of the structure being surveyed, the direction of the absolute tilt, and the tilt rate in each direction.
After the calibration is finished, the coordinate system (represented by an X/Y/Z axis) of the sensor is completely coincided with the geodetic coordinate system (represented by an East/North/Gravity axis). Assuming that the angles in the direction X, Y, Z recorded by the sensors are Ax, Ay and Az, when the structure to be surveyed is inclined, the Z-axis of the sensor and the Gravity axis of the earth coordinate system are no longer coincident, as shown in fig. 4, and the included angle Az between the two represents the actual inclination angle of the structure. The measured Ax, Ay, and Az at this time have a relationship shown in equation one:
(SinAz)2＝(SinAx)2+(SinAy)2(formula one);
the step of calculating the absolute tilt rate of the structure under investigation using the calibrated data may comprise the steps of:
calculating the angle Az of the inclination angle sensor in the Z direction by using the angles Ax and Ay of the calibrated inclination angle sensor in the X, Y direction by using a formula I;
calculating the absolute tilt rate IR of the surveyed building using Az: IR ═ TanAz |.
Since the measurement of the Az by the general inclination angle sensor has great limitations, such as the need of vertically installing the sensor and low measurement accuracy, in order to avoid these problems, the Az angle measured by the sensor is not directly used in the present invention, but the Az is derived according to the known Ax and Ay by formula one, and this way of deriving the Az can avoid the error caused by the low measurement accuracy, and since the extremely small measurement error in the building inclination measurement may cause great engineering loss, it is of great significance to calculate the Az by this way in the inclination measurement.
When the Az is found, the direction of the absolute tilt of the structure under investigation needs to be calculated next. This direction is denoted by Ad, which is the angle between the projection of the Z axis of the sensor's own coordinate system on the geodetic level and the East axis of the geodetic coordinate system in the counterclockwise direction, as shown in FIG. 4. The absolute tilt direction Ad may be determined by:
when Ax or Ay is 0, the Ad calculation steps are as follows:
if Ay is 0 and Ax > is 0, then Ad is 0 °;
if Ay is 0 and Ax <0, then Ad is 180 °;
if Ax is 0 and Ay >0, Ad is 90 °;
if Ax is 0 and Ay <0, Ad is 270 °;
when Ay and Ay are not both 0, the Ad calculation steps are as follows:
let TanAd' ═ Sinay/Sinax,
if Ay >0 and Ax >0, Ad ═ Ad';
if Ay <0 and Ax <0, Ad 180 ° + Ad';
if Ay >0 and Ax <0, Ad is 180-Ad';
if Ay <0 and Ax >0, then Ad is 360 ° -Ad';
calibrating Ad and determining the final inclined direction AdFinally, the product is processedThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
Adfinally, the product is processed＝Ad-Ai，
If calculated AdFinally, the product is processed<0, then AdFinally, the product is processed＝360°+Ad–Ai。
The absolute inclination rate and the inclination direction are both available, and the inclination rate of the surveyed building in all directions in the east, west, south and north directions in the geodetic coordinate system can be obtained through the following process, which is very important information for the correction construction of the follow-up building.
The method for determining the inclination rate of the surveyed building in each direction of east, west, south and north by using the calibrated data comprises the following steps:
if the angle is less than or equal to 0 degree AdFinally, the product is processedLess than or equal to 90 degrees
IR-east＝IR*CosAdFinally, the product is processed，
IR-north＝IR*SinAdFinally, the product is processed，
IR-west＝0，
IR-south＝0；
If the angle is less than or equal to 90 degrees AdFinally, the product is processedLess than or equal to 180 DEG, then
IR-west＝|IR*CosAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-north＝|IR*AdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-east＝0，
IR-south＝0；
If the angle is less than or equal to 180 degrees AdFinally, the product is processedLess than or equal to 270 degrees
IR-west＝|IR*CosAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-south＝|IR*SinAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-east＝0，
IR-north＝0；
If not, then,
IR-east＝|IR*CosAdfinally, the product is processed|，
IR-south＝|IR*SinAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-west＝0，
IR-north＝0；
Where IR-east represents the tilt rate in the east direction, IR-west represents the tilt rate in the west direction, IR-south represents the tilt rate in the south direction, and IR-north represents the tilt rate in the north direction.
When the initial sensor's own coordinate system is completely coincident with the geodetic coordinate system, then both initial Axi and Ayi are 0, which again may use the above process to calculate the absolute tilt rate and tilt direction of the structure being surveyed. Therefore, the method disclosed by the invention can quickly and accurately determine the inclination angle of the building relative to the geodetic coordinate system under the condition that the initial installation position of the sensor is arbitrary.
The following describes in detail a system for carrying out the method of the invention, which, with reference to fig. 5, comprises: the inclination angle sensor, such as a MEMS inclination angle sensor, is installed at a proper position of a measured building, and after the inclination angle sensor is installed in the building, the included angle between the coordinate system of the initial sensor and the coordinate system of the geodetic coordinate system can be measured manually. The tilt angle sensor measures the tilt angle of the building in real time and sends the data of the tilt angle sensor to the processor for processing. The data can be sent in a wireless mode, such as wifi, 3G, Bluetooth, infrared and the like, and the data can also be transmitted to the processing device in a wired mode and the like.
The processing device for processing the sensor data may be a computer, a mobile phone, an IPAD, or other intelligent terminal, and the processing device carries various modules for processing the data, such as an absolute tilt rate determining module, a tilt direction determining module, a display module, an alarm module, and an input module.
The input module inputs an included angle between a projection of an X axis of a coordinate system of the sensor measured manually on a geodetic horizontal plane and an East axis of the coordinate system of the geodetic coordinate system in a counterclockwise direction. The inclination rate determining module determines an absolute inclination rate, the inclination direction determining module determines an absolute inclination direction, the inclination rate determining module can further determine the inclination rate in all directions of the east, the south, the west and the north according to the absolute inclination direction, the display module displays the measured inclination direction and the inclination rate of the building, and when the inclination to a certain direction exceeds an allowable value, the alarm module gives an alarm to remind an engineer to take measures to correct the deviation.
The tilt sensor may employ a MEMS tilt sensor or other sensor.
By the method and the system, the inclination angle of the building can be accurately measured, so that engineering personnel can take measures in time, unnecessary collapse is avoided, and life and property safety is improved.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that all or part of the steps in the method of the above embodiments may be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network communication device such as a media gateway, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present invention.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A building inclination angle automatic measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining an included angle between a coordinate system of the tilt sensor and a geodetic coordinate system according to the initial installation angle of the tilt sensor; the included angles comprise an included angle Ai between the projection of the X axis of the self coordinate system of the tilt sensor on the horizontal plane of the ground and the East axis of the ground coordinate system in the anticlockwise direction, and initial included angles Axi and Ayi between the XY plane of the self coordinate system of the tilt sensor and the X, Y axis of the horizontal plane of the ground coordinate system;
acquiring real-time angle data measured by the tilt angle sensor;
determining the inclination rate and the inclination direction of the surveyed building according to the included angle and the real-time angle data, wherein the initial installation position of the inclination angle sensor is arbitrary; the determining of the tilt rate and tilt direction of the structure under investigation comprises the steps of:
(1) calibrating the initial installation angle of the tilt sensor to ensure that the coordinate system of the calibrated tilt sensor is superposed with the geodetic coordinate system; the step of calibrating the initial installation angle of the tilt sensor to enable the coordinate system of the tilt sensor after calibration to be coincident with the geodetic coordinate system specifically comprises the following steps:
Ax＝Ax1–Axi，
Ay＝Ay1-Ayi，
the inclination angle sensor comprises an inclination angle sensor, a reference standard and a reference standard, wherein Ax1 and Ay1 are real-time angle data of the inclination angle sensor in the X, Y direction, Axi and Ayi are initial included angles of an XY plane of a coordinate system of the inclination angle sensor and a horizontal plane of a geodetic coordinate system in the X, Y direction respectively, and Ax and Ay are angles of the inclination angle sensor in the X, Y direction after calibration;
(2) calculating the absolute tilt rate, direction of absolute tilt and/or tilt rate in each direction of the surveyed structure using the calibrated data; the step of calculating the absolute tilt rate of the structure under investigation using the calibrated data comprises in particular the steps of:
using a formula one, calculating an angle Az of the tilt sensor in the Z direction by using the angles Ax and Ay of the calibrated tilt sensor in the X, Y direction, specifically:
(SinAz)2＝(SinAx)2+(SinAy)2(formula one);
calculating the absolute tilt rate IR of the surveyed building: IR ═ TanAz |;
the method for calculating the direction of the absolute inclination of the surveyed building by using the calibrated data comprises the following steps:
according to Ax and Ay, calculating an included angle Ad between the projection of the Z axis of the self coordinate system of the tilt angle sensor on the ground horizontal plane and the East axis of the ground coordinate system in the counterclockwise direction, and specifically comprising:
when Ax or Ay is 0, the Ad calculation steps are as follows:
if Ay is 0 and Ax > -0, then Ad is 0 °;
if Ay is 0 and Ax <0, Ad is 180 °;
if Ax is 0 and Ay >0, Ad is 90 °;
if Ax is 0 and Ay <0, Ad is 270 °;
when Ay and Ay are not both 0, the Ad calculation steps are as follows:
let TanAd' ═ Sinay/Sinax,
if Ay >0 and Ax >0, Ad ═ Ad';
if Ay <0 and Ax <0, then Ad 180 ° + Ad';
if Ay >0 and Ax <0, Ad 180-Ad';
if Ay is less than 0 and Ax is more than 0, then Ad is 360-Ad';
calibrating Ad and determining the final inclined direction AdFinally, the product is processedThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
Adfinally, the product is processed＝Ad-Ai，
If calculated AdFinally, the product is processed<0, then AdFinally, the product is processed＝360°+Ad–Ai；
The method for determining the inclination rate of the surveyed building in each direction by using the calibrated data comprises the following steps:
if the angle is less than or equal to 0 degree AdFinally, the product is processedLess than or equal to 90 degrees
IR-east＝IR*CosAdFinally, the product is processed，
IR-north＝IR*SinAdFinally, the product is processed，
IR-west＝0，
IR-south＝0；
If the angle is less than or equal to 90 degrees AdFinally, the product is processedLess than or equal to 180 DEG, then
IR-west＝|IR*CosAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-north＝|IR*AdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-east＝0，
IR-south＝0；
AAd when the angle is less than or equal to 180 DEGFinally, the product is processedLess than or equal to 270 degrees
IR-west＝|IR*CosAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-south＝|IR*SinAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-east＝0，
IR-north＝0；
If not, then,
IR-east＝|IR*CosAdfinally, the product is processed|，
IR-south＝|IR*SinAdFinally, the product is processed|，
IR-west＝0，
IR-north＝0；
Where IR-east represents the tilt rate in the east direction, IR-west represents the tilt rate in the west direction, IR-south represents the tilt rate in the south direction, and IR-north represents the tilt rate in the north direction.
2. A building tilt angle measurement system for performing the method of claim 1, the measurement system comprising: a tilt sensor and a processing device; wherein the tilt sensor is mounted to a suitable location of the structure under investigation;
the processing device comprises: the device comprises an inclination rate determining module, an inclination direction determining module, a display module, an alarm module and an input module; the input module is used for inputting an included angle between a coordinate system of the tilt angle sensor and a geodetic coordinate system during initial time; a slope rate determination module for determining an absolute slope rate of the structure under investigation; the inclination direction determining module is used for determining the inclination direction of the surveyed building; the display module is used for displaying the inclination direction and the inclination rate of the surveyed building; the alarm module is used for giving an alarm when the inclination rate towards a certain direction exceeds an allowable value.
3. The measurement system of claim 2, wherein the tilt sensor is a MEMS tilt sensor.
4. The measurement system of claim 2, wherein the tilt rate determination module is further configured to determine a tilt rate of the structure under investigation in each direction, north, south, east, west, and north.
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