CN108168473A - Optical measurement instrument and method applied to FDM3D printing workpiece flatness detections - Google Patents
Optical measurement instrument and method applied to FDM3D printing workpiece flatness detections Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108168473A CN108168473A CN201810204832.3A CN201810204832A CN108168473A CN 108168473 A CN108168473 A CN 108168473A CN 201810204832 A CN201810204832 A CN 201810204832A CN 108168473 A CN108168473 A CN 108168473A
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- printing
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- protective cover
- laser
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of optical measurement instrument applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections, including heat safe shell protective cover, it is characterized in that, line-structured light system is equipped in the shell protective cover, the line-structured light system includes laser line generator and industrial camera, shell protective cover bottom surface is equipped with first through hole and the second through-hole, sheet glass is equipped in first through hole and the second through-hole, industrial camera is located at right over the second through-hole, the light that laser line generator is sent out is pierced by from first through hole to be projected on measured workpiece, laser line generator sends out laser rays and laser stripe is formed on measured workpiece from projecting, industrial camera shooting obtains laser stripe image；According to laser stripe image, testee surface three dimension reconstruct is carried out, and make the difference with ideal model, the printing error parameter of measured workpiece is obtained, which includes error position and error size；Printing error parameter is sent to 3D printing system, 3D printing system is changed automatically according to printing error parameter, realizes that printing error is corrected.Present invention auxiliary 3D printing equipment, realizes the raising of printing precision.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing technique fields, specifically a kind of to be applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections
Light measurement method and apparatus.
Background technology
Existing 3D printing technique levels domestic at present are rapid but mostly in development phase, work it out into machine matter
Amount is also below American-European countries.Wherein, for fused glass pellet（FDM）Etc. certain types of 3D printing technique and equipment, due to
It prints the precision of part by the combined influence of many factors such as printed material, melting temperature, cooling velocity, technology
Research has significant realistic meaning and application value.
In 3D printing metal works, metal powder can expand under superlaser sintering, some receipts are understood after cooling
Contracting, therefore workpiece can generate error in print procedure.Most common error is recessed for workpiece middle section.Domestic at present
The 3D printing equipment of FDM types does not have the ability of automatic detection and correction error.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the light measurement dresses applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections
It puts and method, it is easy to operate, play the role of assisting detection to the printing error of 3D printer, the printing for improving 3D printer is smart
Degree.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention takes following technical scheme：
It is described outer including heat safe shell protective cover applied to the optical measurement instrument of FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections
Line-structured light system is equipped in shell protective cover, which includes laser line generator and industrial camera, shell protective cover bottom
Face is equipped with first through hole and the second through-hole, is equipped with sheet glass in first through hole and the second through-hole, industrial camera is located at the second through-hole
Surface, the light that laser line generator is sent out is pierced by from first through hole to be projected on measured workpiece.
Support plate is equipped in the shell protective cover, laser line generator is in the support plate.
The support plate is obliquely installed, and laser line generator is tilted along the support plate and installed, the light which sends out
First through hole is injected from the horizontal by slanted angle.
The laser line generator tilts installation towards the direction of the second through-hole.
The shell protective cover floor rails slot, shell protective cover bottom surface are equipped with slip gear of the active card on guide-track groove
Plate.
Cooling tube is equipped in the side wall of the shell protective cover, which connect with cooling source.
A kind of light measurement method applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections includes the following steps：
Camera and line-structured light system are demarcated；
Laser line generator sends out laser rays and laser stripe is formed on measured workpiece from projecting, and industrial camera shooting obtains laser stripe
Image；
According to laser stripe image, testee surface three dimension reconstruct is carried out, and make the difference with ideal model, measured workpiece is obtained
Printing error parameter, the printing error parameter include error position and error size；
Printing error parameter is sent to 3D printing system, 3D printing system is changed automatically according to printing error parameter, real
Existing printing error is corrected.
The calibration of the camera and line-structured light system is specially：
World coordinate system passes through outer ginseng matrix conversion to camera coordinates system
=*=*
=*+*+*+t1；
=*+*+*+t2；
=*+*+*+t3；
Wherein [Xc, Yc, Zc]TRepresent camera coordinates, [Xw, Yw, Zw, 1]TRepresent the world coordinates where measured workpiece, R is represented
Spin matrix, T represent translation matrix；
Camera coordinates system passes through internal reference matrix conversion to image pixel coordinates system：
X=；Y=；
Matrix form is：
=*
Wherein f represents focal length, [x, y, 1]TRepresent the image physical coordinates after normalization.
The configuration of the present invention is simple, it is easy to assembly, play the role of assisting detection to the printing error of 3D printer, improve 3D and beat
The printing precision of print machine avoids error and security risk that artificial detection is brought.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is the dimensional structure diagram of apparatus of the present invention；
Attached drawing 2 is the industrial camera pin-hole model schematic diagram in the method for the present invention；
Attached drawing 3 is the calibration principle schematic diagram of the method for the present invention line-structured light system；
Attached drawing 4 is the flow diagram in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
For that can further appreciate that the feature, technological means and the specific purposes reached, function of the present invention, with reference to
Attached drawing is described in further detail the present invention with specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, present invention is disclosed a kind of light measurement dresses applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections
It puts, including heat safe shell protective cover 1, line-structured light system, the line-structured light system packet is equipped in the shell protective cover 1
Include laser line generator 3 and industrial camera 2,1 bottom surface of shell protective cover is equipped with 6 and second through-hole 7 of first through hole, first through hole 6 and the
It is equipped with sheet glass 8 in two through-holes 7, industrial camera is located at the second through-hole surface, and the light that laser line generator is sent out is from first through hole
It is pierced by and projects on measured workpiece.
Support plate 4 is equipped in the shell protective cover 1, laser line generator 3 is in the support plate 4.Support plate is obliquely installed,
Laser line generator is tilted along the support plate and is installed, and the light which sends out injects first from the horizontal by slanted angle
Through-hole.Laser line generator tilts installation towards the direction of the second through-hole.Support plate lower end extends to shell protective cover bottom surface.
The shell protective cover floor rails slot, 1 bottom surface of shell protective cover are equipped with slip of the active card on guide-track groove
Baffle 5.When not needing to send out laser beam, slide damper is slided until sheltering from first through hole and the second through-hole.It prevents
Superlaser work when laser beam transparent sheet glass direct projection industrial camera camera lens and industrial camera is caused to damage.It, will during work
Slide damper is removed, and makes first through hole and the second through-hole exposed, easy to operate, is conducive to protect the component in shell protective cover.
The shell protective cover is made of heat-resisting material, and durable is hardly damaged, and aluminum alloy materials system can be used
It is standby.
In addition, being equipped with cooling tube in the side wall of the shell protective cover 1, which connect with cooling source.Cooling source can
For cooling water or cooling gas.By inputting cooling source to cooling tube, realize the cooling to shell protective cover, prevent temperature
It is excessively high.
Laser beam is sent out by laser line generator, light is projected from first through hole, is projected target object surface and is formed
Striation, the shape of striation changes with the change in depth on testee surface, opposite between laser line generator and industrial camera
Position also determines the deformation degree of striation.Industrial camera obtains the image of striation.Using image processing software to striations figure
As carrying out a series of processing, so as to carry out testee surface three dimension reconstruct.Then by the workpiece three-D profile reconstructed and reason
Think that model makes the difference, error position and error size are finally fed back into 3D printing system, so that system can carry out certainly
Dynamic correction.Finally so that entire 3D printing process realizes full automation.
In addition, as shown in Figure 2-4, present invention further teaches a kind of applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections
Light measurement method, includes the following steps：
Camera and line-structured light system are demarcated.
Laser line generator sends out laser rays and laser stripe is formed on measured workpiece from projecting, and industrial camera shooting obtains laser
Stripe pattern.High-precision wire laser emitter, the laser stripe width emitted is about 1mm, and smaller laser stripe width is determined
The precision of object reconstruction is determined.
According to laser stripe image, testee surface three dimension reconstruct is carried out, and make the difference with ideal model, tested work is obtained
The printing error parameter of part, the printing error parameter include error position and error size.It, will by presetting an ideal model
The figure of reconstruct in contrast, can check corresponding error, so as to provide reference information for follow-up printing.
Printing error parameter is sent to 3D printing system, 3D printing system is repaiied automatically according to printing error parameter
Change, realize that printing error is corrected.Finally so that entire 3D printing process realizes full automation.
The essence of camera calibration is to obtain internal reference, outer ginseng and the distortion factor of camera.Wherein it is mainly concerned with world's seat
Conversion between mark system, camera coordinates system and pixel coordinate system.The calibration of camera is as follows：
World coordinate system passes through outer ginseng matrix conversion to camera coordinates system：
=*=*
=*+*+*+t1；
=*+*+*+t2；
=*+*+*+t3；
Wherein [Xc, Yc, Zc]TRepresent camera coordinates, [Xw, Yw, Zw, 1]TRepresent the world coordinates where measured workpiece, R is represented
Spin matrix, T represent translation matrix；
Camera coordinates system passes through internal reference matrix conversion to image pixel coordinates system：
X=；Y=；
Matrix form is：
=*
Wherein f represents focal length, [x, y, 1]TRepresent the image physical coordinates after normalization.
It should be noted that these are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, although ginseng
The present invention is described in detail according to embodiment, it for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned reality
The technical solution recorded in example is applied to modify or carry out equivalent replacement to which part technical characteristic, but it is all in this hair
Within bright spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (8)
- It is 1. special including heat safe shell protective cover applied to the optical measurement instrument of FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections Sign is, line-structured light system is equipped in the shell protective cover, which includes laser line generator and industrial camera, Shell protective cover bottom surface is equipped with first through hole and the second through-hole, and sheet glass, industrial camera are equipped in first through hole and the second through-hole Right over the second through-hole, the light that laser line generator is sent out is pierced by from first through hole to be projected on measured workpiece.
- 2. the optical measurement instrument according to claim 1 applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections, feature exists In equipped with support plate in the shell protective cover, laser line generator is in the support plate.
- 3. the optical measurement instrument according to claim 2 applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections, feature exists In the support plate is obliquely installed, and laser line generator is tilted along the support plate and installed, the light which sends out and level First through hole is injected in direction into slanted angle.
- 4. the optical measurement instrument according to claim 3 applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections, feature exists In the laser line generator tilts installation towards the direction of the second through-hole.
- 5. the light measurement applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections according to any one of claim 1-4 fills It puts, which is characterized in that the shell protective cover floor rails slot, shell protective cover bottom surface are equipped with active card on guide-track groove Slide damper.
- 6. the optical measurement instrument according to claim 5 applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections, feature exists In the side wall of the shell protective cover is interior to be equipped with cooling tube, which connect with cooling source.
- 7. a kind of light measurement method according to claim 1 applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections, including Following steps：Camera and line-structured light system are demarcated；Laser line generator sends out laser rays and laser stripe is formed on measured workpiece from projecting, and industrial camera shooting obtains laser stripe Image；According to laser stripe image, testee surface three dimension reconstruct is carried out, and make the difference with ideal model, measured workpiece is obtained Printing error parameter, the printing error parameter include error position and error size；Printing error parameter is sent to 3D printing system, 3D printing system is changed automatically according to printing error parameter, real Existing printing error is corrected.
- 8. the light measurement method according to claim 7 applied to FDM 3D printing workpiece flatness detections, feature exists In the calibration of the camera and line-structured light system is specially：World coordinate system passes through outer ginseng matrix conversion to camera coordinates system=*=*=*+*+*+t1；=*+*+*+t2；=*+*+*+t3；Wherein [Xc, Yc, Zc]TRepresent camera coordinates, [Xw, Yw, Zw, 1]TRepresent the world coordinates where measured workpiece, R is represented Spin matrix, T represent translation matrix；Camera coordinates system passes through internal reference matrix conversion to image pixel coordinates system：X=；Y=；Matrix form is：=*Wherein f represents focal length, [x, y, 1]TRepresent the image physical coordinates after normalization.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810204832.3A CN108168473A (en) | 2018-03-13 | 2018-03-13 | Optical measurement instrument and method applied to FDM3D printing workpiece flatness detections |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810204832.3A CN108168473A (en) | 2018-03-13 | 2018-03-13 | Optical measurement instrument and method applied to FDM3D printing workpiece flatness detections |
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| CN108168473A true CN108168473A (en) | 2018-06-15 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810204832.3A Pending CN108168473A (en) | 2018-03-13 | 2018-03-13 | Optical measurement instrument and method applied to FDM3D printing workpiece flatness detections |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112393760A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-23 | 连云港杰瑞自动化有限公司 | Optical detection imaging device suitable for high-temperature forging |
| CN112815843A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-18 | 西安理工大学 | Online monitoring method for workpiece surface printing deviation in 3D printing process |
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2018
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112393760A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2021-02-23 | 连云港杰瑞自动化有限公司 | Optical detection imaging device suitable for high-temperature forging |
| CN112815843A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2021-05-18 | 西安理工大学 | Online monitoring method for workpiece surface printing deviation in 3D printing process |
| CN112815843B (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2023-12-29 | 西安理工大学 | On-line monitoring method for printing deviation of workpiece surface in 3D printing process |
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