CN108164138B - Harmless treatment method of medical waste salt - Google Patents

Harmless treatment method of medical waste salt Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108164138B
CN108164138B CN201810250030.6A CN201810250030A CN108164138B CN 108164138 B CN108164138 B CN 108164138B CN 201810250030 A CN201810250030 A CN 201810250030A CN 108164138 B CN108164138 B CN 108164138B
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medical waste
waste salt
harmless
treatment method
quartz sand
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CN108164138A (en
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陈蕾
陈正
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
    • C03C1/002—Use of waste materials, e.g. slags
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
    • C01B7/01—Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride
    • C01B7/03—Preparation from chlorides

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a harmless treatment method of medical waste salt, which comprises the following steps: taking medical waste salt and quartz sand; adding an additive; fully and uniformly mixing, and setting the temperature; heating and preserving heat; cooling to room temperature to obtain the treated harmless product. The harmless product obtained by the method has higher hardness, can not be melted after being soaked in water, and can meet the actual requirements of producing floor tiles and other building material products. In addition, chlorine is generated at the same time, so that the chlorine can be recycled, and the process cost is reduced; and the organic matter which is difficult to degrade can be completely converted into harmless substances, and the harm of the medical waste salt to the environment is thoroughly solved.

Description

Harmless treatment method of medical waste salt
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a harmless treatment method of medical waste salt.
Background
With the rapid development of the pharmaceutical industry in China, a large amount of pharmaceutical waste salt is generated every day and cannot be treated. The medical waste salt contains sodium chloride as main component, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and other inorganic matter impurity and certain amount of water. In addition, the waste medical salts contain a large amount of harmful refractory organic matters, generate strong fishy smell and are generally required to be sent to a landfill for treatment as dangerous waste. Therefore, most enterprises are stockpiled or dumped into the open air environment in the open air, and great threat is caused to the environment. Along with the loss of rainwater, the soil is seriously polluted by soluble salt and harmful refractory organic matters, and vegetation and water quality are deteriorated.
In the prior art, although attempts have been made to eliminate refractory organics by treating the waste salt at high temperature. However, the obtained solid product is usually powder, has low hardness, and can be melted after being soaked in water, so that the actual requirements of the building material industry cannot be met.
In view of the above disadvantages, there is a need to find a method for harmless treatment of waste pharmaceutical salts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a harmless treatment method of medical waste salt.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a harmless treatment method of medical waste salt comprises the following steps: taking medical waste salt and quartz sand; adding an additive; fully and uniformly mixing, and setting the temperature; heating and preserving heat; cooling to room temperature to obtain the treated harmless product.
According to the innocent treatment method of the invention, the granularity of the medical waste salt is 50-150 meshes. Preferably, the granularity of the medical waste salt is 60-140 meshes; more preferably, the granularity of the medical waste salt is 70-130 meshes; and, most preferably, the particle size of the medical waste salt is 80-120 mesh.
In a specific embodiment, the pharmaceutical waste salt has a particle size of 100 mesh.
According to the innocent treatment method of the invention, the NaCl content of the medical waste salt is 60-90 wt%. Preferably, the NaCl content of the medical waste salt is 65-85 wt%; more preferably, the NaCl content of the medical waste salt is 70-80 wt%; and, most preferably, the NaCl content of the medical waste salt is 70-75 wt%.
In a specific embodiment, the pharmaceutical waste salt has a NaCl content of 73 wt%.
According to the innocent treatment method of the invention, the granularity of the quartz sand is 50-150 meshes. Preferably, the granularity of the quartz sand is 60-140 meshes; more preferably, the granularity of the quartz sand is 70-130 meshes; and, most preferably, the silica sand has a particle size of 80-120 mesh.
In a specific embodiment, the silica sand has a particle size of 100 mesh.
According to the innocent treatment method of the invention, SiO of the quartz sand282.4 wt% of Al2O35.5 wt.% of Fe2O3The content was 3.2 wt%, and the CaO content was 4.6 wt%.
According to the innocent treatment method of the invention, the weight ratio of the medical waste salt to the quartz sand is (1.60-2.40): 1. Preferably, the weight ratio of the medical waste salt to the quartz sand is (1.70-2.30): 1; more preferably, the weight ratio of the medical waste salt to the quartz sand is (1.80-2.20): 1; and, most preferably, the weight ratio of the medical waste salt to the quartz sand is (1.90-2.10): 1.
In a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of the medical waste salt to the quartz sand is 2.0: 1.
According to the innocent treatment method of the invention, the additive is calcium carbonate.
According to the innocent treatment method of the invention, 0.3 to 3 wt% of additive is added based on the weight of the medical waste salt. Preferably, 0.5-2.5 wt% of additives are added, based on the weight of the medical waste salt; more preferably, 0.5 to 2 wt% of an additive is added, based on the weight of the medical waste salt; and, most preferably, 0.5 to 1.5 wt% of an additive is added, based on the weight of the medical waste salt.
In a specific embodiment, 1 wt% of the additive is added based on the weight of the pharmaceutical waste salt.
According to the harmless treatment method of the invention, the set temperature is 1000-1200 ℃. Preferably, the set temperature is 1000-; more preferably, the set temperature is 1050-; and, most preferably, the set temperature is 1100-.
In a specific embodiment, the set temperature is 1150 ℃.
According to the harmless treatment method, the temperature rise time is 1-3 hours, and the heat preservation time is 1-5 hours. The temperature rise time is 1-3h, and the heat preservation time is 1-5 h. Preferably, the temperature rise time is 1-2.5h, and the heat preservation time is 1-4 h; more preferably, the temperature rise time is 1-2h, and the heat preservation time is 1-3 h; and most preferably, the temperature rise time is 1-1.5h, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 h.
In a specific embodiment, the temperature rise time is 1 hour, and the heat preservation time is 1.5 hours.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a harmless product obtained by the harmless treatment method. The main components of the product are silicate, including sodium silicate, aluminum silicate, ferric silicate and composite silicate, and the product has high hardness and can be used for producing floor tiles and other building material products.
According to the detoxification treatment method of the present invention, the detoxification product is a vitreous body.
Without wishing to be bound by any theory, the present invention primarily utilizes the high temperature reaction of sodium chloride with silica in an oxidizing atmosphere to produce sodium silicate and chlorine; reactions to form aluminum and iron silicates and complex silicates also occur.
The inventors have found that a vitreous body having a high hardness can be obtained by reacting the medical waste salt having a specific NaCl content with the silica sand of the present invention under the action of the additive. In this process, with the formation of chlorine gas, it can be reacted with hydrogen gas to form hydrogen chloride, which can be further recovered.
On the other hand, the hardly degradable organic substances in the waste medical salts are hydrolyzed at high temperature into carbon dioxide and water vapor. The harmless treatment method of the invention not only can change waste into valuable, but also thoroughly solves the problem of harm of medical waste salt to the environment, and has higher environmental benefit and social benefit.
Compared with the prior art, the harmless treatment method has the following advantages:
(1) the harmless product has higher hardness, can not be melted after being soaked in water, and can meet the actual requirements of producing floor tiles and other building material products.
(2) The harmless treatment method of the invention simultaneously generates chlorine gas, can be recycled and reduces the process cost.
(3) The harmless treatment method can completely convert refractory organic matters into harmless substances, and thoroughly solves the problem of harm of medical waste salt to the environment.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the contents of the present invention, and those equivalents also fall within the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.
Example 1
A harmless treatment method of medical waste salt comprises the following steps: taking medical waste salt, wherein the NaCl content of the medical waste salt is 73 wt%, and the granularity is 100 meshes. Taking quartz sand, SiO of the quartz sand2Content (wt.)82.4 wt% of Al2O35.5 wt.% of Fe2O3The content of the CaO is 3.2 wt%, the content of the CaO is 4.6 wt%, and the granularity of the quartz sand is 100 meshes; the weight ratio of the medical waste salt to the quartz sand is 2.0: 1. Adding 1 wt% of additive calcium carbonate based on the weight of the medical waste salt; fully and uniformly mixing, and setting the temperature to 1150 ℃; the temperature rise time is 1h, and the heat preservation time is 1.5 h; cooling to room temperature to obtain the treated harmless product.
Comparative example 1
No additives were added and the conditions were otherwise the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
0.1% by weight of calcium carbonate as additive was added, and the other conditions were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
1% by weight of borax, an additive, was added under the same conditions as in example 1.
Example 2
A harmless treatment method of medical waste salt comprises the following steps: taking medical waste salt, wherein the NaCl content of the medical waste salt is 70 wt%, and the granularity of the medical waste salt is 80 meshes. Taking quartz sand, SiO of the quartz sand282.4 wt% of Al2O35.5 wt.% of Fe2O3The content of the CaO is 3.2 wt%, the content of the CaO is 4.6 wt%, and the granularity of the quartz sand is 100 meshes; the weight ratio of the medical waste salt to the quartz sand is 2.1: 1. 0.8 wt% of additive calcium carbonate is added, based on the weight of the medical waste salt; fully and uniformly mixing, and setting the temperature to be 1100 ℃; the temperature rise time is 3 hours, and the heat preservation time is 5 hours; cooling to room temperature to obtain the treated harmless product.
Example 3
The method comprises the following steps: taking medical waste salt, wherein the NaCl content of the medical waste salt is 75 wt%, and the granularity of the medical waste salt is 120 meshes. Taking quartz sand, SiO of the quartz sand282.4 wt% of Al2O35.5 wt.% of Fe2O3The content of the CaO is 3.2 wt%, the content of the CaO is 4.6 wt%, and the granularity of the quartz sand is 100 meshes; the weight ratio of the medical waste salt to the quartz sand is 1.9: 1. Adding 2 wt% ofCalcium carbonate, based on the weight of the pharmaceutical waste salt; fully and uniformly mixing, and setting the temperature to be 1200 ℃; the temperature rise time is 1h, and the heat preservation time is 3 h; cooling to room temperature to obtain the treated harmless product.
Evaluation of Effect
The mohs hardness of the resulting harmless products of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 and the weight percentage of the solid content dry weight of the products after soaking in water for 72 hours to the initial weight were measured. See table 1 for details.
TABLE 1
Hardness of Weight percent of
Example 1 6.7 94.3％
Example 2 6.4 97.5％
Example 3 6.6 98.3％
Comparative example 1 - 0％
Comparative example 2 5.3 71.3％
Comparative example 3 3.1 17.2％
It can be seen that the harmless products of examples 1 to 3 of the present application have higher hardness than those of comparative examples 1 to 3, do not melt after being soaked in water for 72 hours, and can meet the actual requirements for producing floor tiles and other building material products. In addition, the harmless treatment method can simultaneously generate chlorine, can be recycled, and reduces the process cost; and the organic matter which is difficult to degrade can be completely converted into harmless substances, and the harm of the medical waste salt to the environment is thoroughly solved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A harmless treatment method of medical waste salt comprises the following steps: taking medical waste salt and quartz sand; adding an additive; fully and uniformly mixing, and setting the temperature; heating and preserving heat; cooling to room temperature to obtain a treated harmless product;
wherein the NaCl content of the medical waste salt is 60-90 wt%;
SiO of the quartz sand282.4 wt% of Al2O35.5 wt.% of Fe2O3The content is 3.2 wt%, and the CaO content is 4.6 wt%;
the weight ratio of the medical waste salt to the quartz sand is (1.60-2.40) to 1;
the additive is calcium carbonate;
adding 0.3-3 wt% of additive based on the weight of the medical waste salt;
the set temperature is 1000-1200 ℃;
the temperature rise time is 1-3h, and the heat preservation time is 1-5 h.
2. A detoxified product obtained by the method according to claim 1.
3. The harmless product according to claim 2, wherein the product is a vitreous body.
CN201810250030.6A 2018-03-26 2018-03-26 Harmless treatment method of medical waste salt Active CN108164138B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109865734A (en) * 2019-03-13 2019-06-11 兰州有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 A method of vitreum is produced using chemical industry abraum salt
CN111468516B (en) * 2020-04-27 2021-07-06 浙江红狮环保股份有限公司 Medium-temperature pyrolysis resource utilization treatment process for medical waste salt
CN113387570A (en) * 2021-06-30 2021-09-14 新中天环保工程(重庆)有限公司 Method for preparing molten glass body by using byproduct dry salt

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101375347A (en) * 2006-01-19 2009-02-25 日本原燃株式会社 Sodium salt recycling system for use in wet reprocessing of used nuclear fuel
CN102221211A (en) * 2011-06-02 2011-10-19 浙江大学 Melting solidification integrated method and system for incineration of hazardous wastes and incinerated fly ash
CN106862244A (en) * 2017-03-17 2017-06-20 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 The high-temperature fusion detoxification method of flying dust

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101375347A (en) * 2006-01-19 2009-02-25 日本原燃株式会社 Sodium salt recycling system for use in wet reprocessing of used nuclear fuel
CN102221211A (en) * 2011-06-02 2011-10-19 浙江大学 Melting solidification integrated method and system for incineration of hazardous wastes and incinerated fly ash
CN106862244A (en) * 2017-03-17 2017-06-20 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 The high-temperature fusion detoxification method of flying dust

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