CN108161204A - A kind of 3D printing high temperature alloy pipeline structure electrical beam welding method - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing high temperature alloy pipeline structure electrical beam welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108161204A CN108161204A CN201711262428.3A CN201711262428A CN108161204A CN 108161204 A CN108161204 A CN 108161204A CN 201711262428 A CN201711262428 A CN 201711262428A CN 108161204 A CN108161204 A CN 108161204A
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0086—Welding welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. built-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/06—Electron-beam welding or cutting within a vacuum chamber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of 3D printing high temperature alloy pipeline structure electrical beam welding methods, are related to welding technology field.The advantages that this method is concentrated using vacuum electronic beam energy, density is high, fusion penetration is big, heat input is small, the welding of 3D printing GH3536 high-temperature alloy materials can be achieved, appearance of weld is good after welding, the defects of face of weld flawless, stomata, recess, undercut, overlap, welding internal soundness, ambient temperature mechanical properties can reach National Military Standard GJB1718A 2005《Electron beam welding》I grade of requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to welding technology fields, and in particular to a kind of 3D printing high temperature alloy pipeline structure electrical beam welding side
Method.
Background technology
Nowadays, 3D printing is as the emerging cutting edge technology to grow up the late 1980s, it is considered to be system
Make an important breakthrough of technical field.Especially nearly ten years, the increases material manufacturing technology of metal material constantly makes a breakthrough, hair
Exhibition is especially rapid.High temperature alloy refers to using iron, nickel, cobalt as base, can be long-term under 600 DEG C or more of high temperature and certain stress
One metalloid material of work has higher elevated temperature strength, good anti-oxidant and corrosion resistance, good fatigability
The comprehensive performances such as energy, fracture toughness.High temperature alloy is single austenite structure, at various temperatures with good tissue stabilization
Property and use reliability, are a kind of important materials for being widely used in Aeronautics and Astronautics, oil, chemical industry, naval vessel.
How to realize the welding of 3D printing GH3536 high-temperature alloy materials, become the technical issues of urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Invention content
(1) technical problems to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to：How the welding of 3D printing GH3536 high-temperature alloy material is realized.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of welding of 3D printing high temperature alloy pipeline structure electrical beam
Method includes the following steps：
The first step, welding surface treatment：Using machining process, test specimen to be welded is carried out in welding surface 10mm
Processing, it is 3.2 μm to ensure its surface roughness Ra maximum permissible value, and interface is smooth, bright and clean, impulse- free robustness, and keeps corner angle；
Second step, welding preparation：Test specimen to be welded is subjected to blast processing, treats after blast to use within 8h before test specimen welding
Stainless steel wire brush polishes to the face of weld 10mm ranges surfaces externally and internally distance in position to be welded, it is made to expose metallic luster, and not
Docking wedge angle is destroyed, finally using acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol wiped clean, removal piece surface greasy dirt, nonmetallic inclusion；
Third step, assembling：Test specimen to be welded is assembled using tooling, ensures the welding surface alignment of test specimen to be welded, clamp simultaneously
Fixed, two welding piece welding surface gaps are not more than 0.1mm, and misalignment is not more than 0.1mm, cumulative length in the arbitrary 100mm in part
No more than 20mm ranges internal clearance and misalignment no more than 0.15mm；
4th step, argon arc welding tack welding：Tack welding is carried out to part using manual argon arc welding, when tack welding is positive and negative to weld seam
Face, which leads to argon gas, to be protected, and is polished after tack welding using stainless steel wire brush tack weld, then dips in third using white thick cloth
Ketone or absolute ethyl alcohol wiped clean；
5th step：Electron beam welding；
6th step：Postwelding quality examination.
Preferably, the 5th step specifically includes：
1) using high pressure vacuum electron-beam welder, welding fixture is placed in the welding platform of welding machine and fixed, works as electricity
Beamlet rifle vacuum degree is better than 1 × 10-5Mbar, vacuum degree in vacuum chamber are better than 7 × 10-4Start to weld after mbar；
2) positioning of beam welds：After vacuum degree is met the requirements, welding track is first found out using electronic beam current, that is, ensures electronics
Beam spot point is located at weld seam centre position, then treats welding piece and carries out tack welding, tack welding length about 5mm~10mm, spacing
20mm~30mm；
Tack welding technological parameter：
Accelerating potential：Ub=140kV
Focus current：Ic=1955mA-1965mA
Electronic beam current：Ib=3mA-6mA
Speed of welding：V=7mm/s
Beat：X=1.0mm；Y=0mm
3) formal weldering：Weld seam is formally welded after tack welding, during formal welding the starting the arc be 100 °~120 °, blow-out away from
From being 180 °~200 °, formally welded by the way of round wave and the lower focusing of use during welding；
Formal Welding parameter：
Accelerating potential：Ub=140kV
Focus current：Ic=1955mA-1965mA
Electronic beam current：Ib=24mA-26mA
Speed of welding：V=13mm/s
Beat：X=0.5mm；Y=0.5mm
Scan frequency f=200Hz
4) modification weldering：Modification weldering regards appearance of weld situation and carries out, if the recess more than 0.2mm is not present in surface,
It is welded without modification；There is the recess for being more than 0.2mm if face of weld is more than half-turn, weld seam is modified after formal welding
Weldering, the modification weldering starting the arc, blow-out distance are consistent with formal weldering, during modification welding using round wave and using by the way of upper focusing into
Row welding；
Modify Welding parameter：
Accelerating potential：Ub=140kV
Focus current：Ic=2015mA-2025mA
Electronic beam current：Ib=12mA-14mA
Speed of welding：V=13mm/s
Beat：X=1.0mm-1.5mm；Y=1.0mm-1.5mm
Scan frequency f=200Hz
5) postwelding opens vacuum cabin door again after test specimen is cooled down 10min~15min in electron beam vacuum chamber, treats that test specimen is complete
Fixture, which is unclamped, after full cooling takes out test specimen.
Preferably, the 6th step specifically includes：
1) postwelding is ensured using visually or by means of less than 10 times magnifying glasses to electron beam weld presentation quality inspection is carried out
Face of weld flawless, incomplete fusion, stomata, undercut, depression defect；
2) postwelding carries out non-destructive testing electron beam weld using X ray, and weldquality meets I in GJB1718A-2005
Grade level weld seam requirement；
3) room temperature tensile test specimen is produced to electron beam weld, carries out connector room temperature stretching mechanical property testing, weld seam room temperature
Tensile strength reaches more than 90% base material.
Preferably, in the 4th step during tack welding, argon flow amount be 10L/min~15L/min, welding wire HGH536, diameter
For Ф 1.6, welding current 30A~50A, 3 to 4 place of tack weld.
Preferably, the test specimen pipeline wall thickness to be welded is 7mm.
Preferably, the test specimen pipe diameter to be welded is Ф 69.
Preferably, the joint form of the electron beam welding docks form for lock bottom.
(3) advantageous effect
The present invention provides a kind of vacuum electron beam welding method of 3D printing GH3536 high-temperature alloy material pipeline configurations.It should
The advantages that method is concentrated using vacuum electronic beam energy, density is high, fusion penetration is big, heat input is small is, it can be achieved that 3D printing GH3536 high
The defects of welding of temperature alloy material, appearance of weld is good after welding, face of weld flawless, stomata, recess, undercut, overlap,
Welding internal soundness, ambient temperature mechanical properties can reach National Military Standard GJB1718A-2005《Electron beam welding》I grade will
It asks.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 3D printing GH3536 high-temperature alloy material pipeline configuration vacuum electron beam welding test specimen weld seam schematic diagrames.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose of the present invention, content and advantage clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, to the present invention's
Specific embodiment is described in further detail.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of electron-bombardment weldings of 3D printing GH3536 high-temperature alloy material pipeline configurations
Connect method.This method utilizes the features such as electron beam vacuum welding environment, penetration capacity are strong, energy is concentrated, heat input is small, and 3D is beaten
It prints GH3536 materials and implements welding, 3D printing GH3536 high-temperature alloy materials pipe diameter is Ф 69, pipeline wall thickness 7mm, is welded
Performance stabilization is connect, for ease of assembling, electro-beam welding joint form docks form for lock bottom, and the suggestion of lock base thickness degree is not less than effective
The 1/3 of fusion penetration, this method includes the following steps：
The first step：Weld surface treatment：Using machining process, will be added in test specimen welding surface 10mm to be welded
Work, it is 3.2 μm to ensure its surface roughness Ra maximum permissible value, and interface is smooth, bright and clean, impulse- free robustness, and keeps corner angle；
Second step：Welding preparation：Test specimen to be welded is subjected to blast processing.It is used within 8h before test specimen welding is treated after blast
Stainless steel wire brush polishes to the face of weld 10mm ranges surfaces externally and internally distance in position to be welded, it is made to expose metallic luster, and not
Destroy docking wedge angle.Finally using acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol wiped clean, removal piece surface greasy dirt, nonmetallic inclusion etc.；
Third walks：Assembling：Test specimen to be welded is assembled using tooling, ensures the welding surface alignment of test specimen to be welded, clamp simultaneously
Fixed, two welding piece welding surface gaps are not more than 0.1mm, and misalignment is not more than 0.1mm, cumulative length in the arbitrary 100mm in part
It is not more than 0.15mm no more than 20mm ranges internal clearance and misalignment, as shown in Figure 1；
4th step：Argon arc welding tack welding：Tack welding is carried out to part using manual argon arc welding, when tack welding is positive and negative to weld seam
Face, which leads to argon gas, to be protected, and argon flow amount is 10L/min~15L/min, welding wire HGH536, a diameter of Ф 1.6, welding current
30A~50A, 3-4 place of tack weld.It is polished after tack welding using stainless steel wire brush tack weld, then using white thick
Cloth dips in acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol wiped clean.
5th step：Electron beam welding scheme
1) using high pressure vacuum electron-beam welder, welding fixture, tooling are placed in the welding platform of the welding machine simultaneously
It is fixed, when electron beam gun vacuum degree is better than 1 × 10-5Mbar, vacuum degree in vacuum chamber are better than 7 × 10-4Start to weld after mbar.
2) positioning of beam welds：After vacuum degree is met the requirements, welding track is first found out using low current (electronic beam current), i.e.,
Ensure that beam spot is located at weld seam centre position.Then treat welding piece carry out tack welding, tack welding length about 5mm~
10mm, spacing 20mm~30mm.
Tack welding technological parameter：
Accelerating potential：Ub=140kV
Focus current：Ic=1955mA-1965mA
Electronic beam current：Ib=3mA-6mA
Speed of welding：V=7mm/s
Beat：X=1.0mm；Y=0mm
3) formal weldering：Weld seam is formally welded after tack welding, during formal welding the starting the arc be 100 °~120 °, blow-out away from
From being 180 °~200 °, formally welded by the way of round wave and the lower focusing of use during welding.
Formal Welding parameter：
Accelerating potential：Ub=140kV
Focus current：Ic=1955mA-1965mA
Electronic beam current：Ib=24mA-26mA
Speed of welding：V=13mm/s
Beat：X=0.5mm；Y=0.5mm
Scan frequency f=200Hz
4) modification weldering：Modification weldering regards appearance of weld situation and carries out, if the recess more than 0.2mm is not present in surface,
It can be welded without modification；There is the recess for being more than 0.2mm if face of weld is more than half-turn, weld seam is repaiied after formal welding
Decorations weldering.The modification weldering starting the arc, blow-out distance are consistent with formal weldering, using round wave and using by the way of upper focusing during modification welding
It is welded.
Modify Welding parameter：
Accelerating potential：Ub=140kV
Focus current：Ic=2015mA-2025mA
Electronic beam current：Ib=12mA-14mA
Speed of welding：V=13mm/s
Beat：X=1.0mm-1.5mm；Y=1.0mm-1.5mm
Scan frequency f=200Hz
5) postwelding opens vacuum cabin door again after test specimen is cooled down 10min~15min in electron beam vacuum chamber, treats that test specimen is complete
Fixture, which is unclamped, after full cooling takes out test specimen.
5th step：Postwelding quality examination
1) postwelding is ensured using visually or by means of less than 10 times magnifying glasses to electron beam weld presentation quality inspection is carried out
The defects of face of weld flawless, incomplete fusion, stomata, undercut, recess；
2) postwelding carries out non-destructive testing electron beam weld using X ray, and weldquality meets I in GJB1718A-2005
Grade level weld seam requirement；
3) room temperature tensile test specimen is produced to electron beam weld, carries out connector room temperature stretching mechanical property testing, weld seam room temperature
Tensile strength reaches more than 90% base material.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, several improvement and deformation can also be made, these are improved and deformation
Also it should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of 3D printing high temperature alloy pipeline structure electrical beam welding method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
The first step, welding surface treatment：Using machining process, test specimen to be welded is added in welding surface 10mm
Work, it is 3.2 μm to ensure its surface roughness Ra maximum permissible value, and interface is smooth, bright and clean, impulse- free robustness, and keeps corner angle；
Second step, welding preparation：Test specimen to be welded is subjected to blast processing, is treated after blast before test specimen welding within 8h using stainless
Wire brush polishes to the face of weld 10mm ranges surfaces externally and internally distance in position to be welded, it is made to expose metallic luster, and do not destroy
Wedge angle is docked, finally using acetone or absolute ethyl alcohol wiped clean, removal piece surface greasy dirt, nonmetallic inclusion；
Third step, assembling：Test specimen to be welded is assembled using tooling, ensures the welding surface alignment of test specimen to be welded, clamp and is fixed,
Two welding piece welding surface gaps are not more than 0.1mm, and misalignment is not more than 0.1mm, and cumulative length is not more than in the arbitrary 100mm in part
20mm ranges internal clearance and misalignment are no more than 0.15mm；
4th step, argon arc welding tack welding：Tack welding is carried out to part using manual argon arc welding, when tack welding leads to weld seam positive and negative
Argon gas is protected, and is polished after tack welding using stainless steel wire brush tack weld, then using white thick cloth dip in acetone or
Person's absolute ethyl alcohol wiped clean；
5th step：Electron beam welding；
6th step：Postwelding quality examination.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the 5th step specifically includes：
1) using high pressure vacuum electron-beam welder, welding fixture is placed in the welding platform of welding machine and fixed, works as electron beam
Rifle vacuum degree is better than 1 × 10-5Mbar, vacuum degree in vacuum chamber are better than 7 × 10-4Start to weld after mbar；
2) positioning of beam welds：After vacuum degree is met the requirements, welding track is first found out using electronic beam current, that is, ensures beam spot
Point is located at weld seam centre position, then treats welding piece and carries out tack welding, tack welding length about 5mm~10mm, spacing 20mm
~30mm；
Tack welding technological parameter：
Accelerating potential：Ub=140kV
Focus current：Ic=1955mA-1965mA
Electronic beam current：Ib=3mA-6mA
Speed of welding：V=7mm/s
Beat：X=1.0mm；Y=0mm
3) formal weldering：Weld seam is formally welded after tack welding, formally the starting the arc is 100 °~120 ° during welding, blow-out is apart from
It is 180 °~200 °, is formally welded by the way of round wave and the lower focusing of use during welding；
Formal Welding parameter：
Accelerating potential：Ub=140kV
Focus current：Ic=1955mA-1965mA
Electronic beam current：Ib=24mA-26mA
Speed of welding：V=13mm/s
Beat：X=0.5mm；Y=0.5mm
Scan frequency f=200Hz
4) modification weldering：Modification weldering regard appearance of weld situation carry out, if surface be not present more than 0.2mm recess, not into
Row modification weldering；There is the recess for being more than 0.2mm if face of weld is more than half-turn, modification weldering carried out to weld seam after formal welding,
The modification weldering starting the arc, blow-out distance are consistent with formal weldering, using round wave and using being carried out by the way of upper focusing during modification welding
Welding；
Modify Welding parameter：
Accelerating potential：Ub=140kV
Focus current：Ic=2015mA-2025mA
Electronic beam current：Ib=12mA-14mA
Speed of welding：V=13mm/s
Beat：X=1.0mm-1.5mm；Y=1.0mm-1.5mm
Scan frequency f=200Hz
5) postwelding opens vacuum cabin door again after test specimen is cooled down 10min~15min in electron beam vacuum chamber, treats that test specimen is completely cold
But fixture is unclamped afterwards takes out test specimen.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the 6th step specifically includes：
1) postwelding ensures weld seam using visually or by means of less than 10 times magnifying glasses to electron beam weld presentation quality inspection is carried out
Surface flawless, incomplete fusion, stomata, undercut, depression defect；
2) postwelding carries out non-destructive testing electron beam weld using X ray, and weldquality meets I grades of welderings in GJB1718A-2005
Seam requirement；
3) room temperature tensile test specimen is produced to electron beam weld, carries out connector room temperature stretching mechanical property testing, weld seam room temperature stretches
Intensity reaches more than 90% base material.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the 4th step during tack welding, argon flow amount for 10L/min~
15L/min, welding wire HGH536, a diameter of Ф 1.6, welding current 30A~50A, 3 to 4 place of tack weld.
5. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the test specimen pipeline wall thickness to be welded is 7mm.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the test specimen pipe diameter to be welded is Ф 69.
7. such as method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that the joint form of the electron beam welding is
Lock bottom docking form.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108857033A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-23 | 上海空间推进研究所 | The electron beam single face welding and double face shaping process of class component is led in a kind of 1Cr18Ni9Ti, TA2 space flight |
| CN109538343A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-29 | 中航通飞华南飞机工业有限公司 | A kind of the aircraft engine exhaust pipe and its welding manufacture method of double-layer structure |
| CN110883416A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-17 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | Electron beam welding method for cast high-temperature alloy and martensitic stainless steel |
| CN111665342A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2020-09-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Detection data analysis system in pipeline |
| CN111702300A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Welding method and system for sheet metal parts |
| CN112570876A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-30 | 沈阳富创精密设备股份有限公司 | GH4141 nickel-based superalloy vacuum electron beam welding method |
| CN112589115A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-04-02 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Selective laser melting forming process for GH4099 nickel-based alloy component |
| CN113210830A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-06 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for additive manufacturing and forming gamma-TiAl intermetallic compound |
| CN114749750A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-07-15 | 上海工程技术大学 | Forming control method for brazing joint of 3D printed product |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108857033A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2018-11-23 | 上海空间推进研究所 | The electron beam single face welding and double face shaping process of class component is led in a kind of 1Cr18Ni9Ti, TA2 space flight |
| CN109538343A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-29 | 中航通飞华南飞机工业有限公司 | A kind of the aircraft engine exhaust pipe and its welding manufacture method of double-layer structure |
| CN111665342A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2020-09-15 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Detection data analysis system in pipeline |
| CN110883416A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-17 | 西安西工大超晶科技发展有限责任公司 | Electron beam welding method for cast high-temperature alloy and martensitic stainless steel |
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| CN111702300A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Welding method and system for sheet metal parts |
| CN112570876A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-03-30 | 沈阳富创精密设备股份有限公司 | GH4141 nickel-based superalloy vacuum electron beam welding method |
| CN112589115A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-04-02 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Selective laser melting forming process for GH4099 nickel-based alloy component |
| CN112589115B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-04-19 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | Selective laser melting forming process for GH4099 nickel-based alloy component |
| CN113210830A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-06 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for additive manufacturing and forming gamma-TiAl intermetallic compound |
| CN114749750A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-07-15 | 上海工程技术大学 | Forming control method for brazing joint of 3D printed product |
| CN114749750B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2024-01-30 | 上海工程技术大学 | Forming control method of braze welding joint for 3D printing product |
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Application publication date: 20180615 |