CN108161094B - Auxiliary positioning device and hole milling method for wing body butt joint spiral hole milling - Google Patents
Auxiliary positioning device and hole milling method for wing body butt joint spiral hole milling Download PDFInfo
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- CN108161094B CN108161094B CN201710652478.6A CN201710652478A CN108161094B CN 108161094 B CN108161094 B CN 108161094B CN 201710652478 A CN201710652478 A CN 201710652478A CN 108161094 B CN108161094 B CN 108161094B
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- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C9/00—Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/02—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
- B23Q3/06—Work-clamping means
- B23Q3/062—Work-clamping means adapted for holding workpieces having a special form or being made from a special material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
- B64F5/10—Manufacturing or assembling aircraft, e.g. jigs therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of digital aircraft assembly. The device comprises a clamping mechanism and a positioning template, wherein the clamping mechanism comprises a cylinder barrel, a cylinder cover, a piston, a hollow piston rod, a positioning pin and a locking piece; the positioning template comprises an arc-shaped bottom plate and more than one cylindrical positioning seat inserted on the arc-shaped bottom plate. During positioning, the clamping mechanism rapidly clamps the positioning seat on the positioning template, so that accurate positioning between the portable spiral hole milling device and the wing lower wall plate is realized. The auxiliary positioning device can effectively solve the swing problem of the portable spiral hole milling unit during hole making, is particularly suitable for spiral hole milling in a narrow space, and can remarkably improve the efficiency and quality of wing body butt joint spiral hole milling.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an auxiliary positioning device, in particular to an auxiliary positioning device for wing body butt joint spiral hole milling, and belongs to the field of automatic hole milling of digital assembly of an airplane.
Background
The wing body butt joint milling hole is affected by factors such as difficult positioning and clamping of milling hole parts, narrow operation environment, larger diameter of connecting holes and the like, and manual drilling is adopted at present. In order to realize automatic hole milling of wing body butt joint, chinese patent application ZL201010138456.6 proposes an automatic hole milling system and method for wing body butt joint, which provides an automatic processing scheme of a connecting hole of a wing body butt joint wallboard, but is extremely easy to interfere with an auxiliary supporting tool under a wing, and the adjustment of the active technological process is required.
Along with the wide use of difficult-to-machine materials such as titanium alloy, carbon fiber composite materials and the like on modern wings and central wing boxes, in order to avoid the adoption of drilling and the extremely easy wing body butt milling Kong Quexian, the spiral milling holes are highly valued by aviation manufacturing industry at home and abroad due to the advantages of small axial force of milling holes, small tool abrasion, high primary hole forming precision, high machining efficiency and the like. The Chinese patent patents ZL201310037325.2 and ZL201310105521.9 both propose a portable spiral hole milling device, which not only can realize milling a plurality of apertures by one cutter, but also is helpful for finishing wing body butt joint hole milling in a narrow working space, but because the spiral hole milling cutter needs to revolve around the center line of the hole, the portable spiral hole milling device is not precisely fixed relative to the wing, so that the precision of the machined hole of the portable spiral hole milling device is difficult to be reliably ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that a wing body butt joint spiral hole milling system interferes with surrounding auxiliary tools, and a portable spiral hole milling device swings when milling holes.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an auxiliary positioning device for wing body butt joint spiral hole milling and a use method thereof, and the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an auxiliary positioning device for wing body butt joint spiral milling holes, which is characterized by comprising:
the clamping mechanism is used for clamping and loosening the positioning template;
the clamping mechanism comprises:
the cylinder barrel is provided with a cylinder barrel bottom used for being connected with the portable spiral hole milling device, a cylinder barrel step through hole is formed in the center of the cylinder barrel bottom, a large hole of the cylinder barrel step through hole faces to the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel, a first air hole and a second air hole are further formed in the cylinder barrel, and a first air hole is adjacent to the cylinder barrel bottom;
the cylinder cover comprises a cylinder with a bottom, the bottom of the cylinder cover is radially outwards extended to form a cylinder cover mounting part, the cylinder cover is mounted on the cylinder barrel through the cylinder cover mounting part, the cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel are coaxially arranged, a first through hole is formed in the center of the bottom of the cylinder cover, and a locking piece mounting hole is radially formed in the side wall of the cylinder cover;
the piston is arranged in the cylinder barrel and is arranged between the first air hole and the second air hole; the piston rod of the piston is hollow and provided with A, B two ends, the end A penetrates through the cylinder cover and is inserted into the large hole of the stepped through hole of the cylinder barrel, the end B is accommodated in the inner cavity of the cylinder cover, the end B is provided with a conical surface, and the conical surface is formed by the radial outward bulge of the outer peripheral surface of the hollow piston rod; the cross section of the hollow piston rod is circular, and the inner cavity of the hollow piston rod is communicated back and forth along the length direction of the hollow piston rod;
the positioning pins are fixedly arranged on the other side surface of the cylinder cover mounting part, which is opposite to the side surface connected with the cylinder barrel, and at least two positioning pins are circumferentially arranged by taking the axis of the cylinder cover cylinder as the center; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
The locking piece comprises a locking pin and a first compression spring; the locking pin comprises a cylindrical pin body and a tail part with the radial size larger than that of the pin body, and the tail part is provided with an inclined plane matched with the conical surface of the hollow piston rod; the pin body penetrates through a locking piece mounting hole of the cylinder cover from inside to outside to be connected with the tail part of the locking pin, and a locking part is arranged at one end, opposite to the tail part, of the pin body of the locking pin; the first compression spring is sleeved on the pin body of the locking pin and is propped between the tail part of the locking pin and the side wall of the cylinder cover cylinder;
the positioning template comprises an arc-shaped bottom plate and more than one cylindrical positioning seat, wherein the arc-shaped bottom plate is used for being in fit connection with the surface of the lower wall plate of the wing, and the more than one cylindrical positioning seat is inserted on the arc-shaped bottom plate;
the arc-shaped bottom plate is provided with step through holes, the large holes of the step through holes are positioning counter bores, the small holes of the step through holes are guide holes, and the number of the step through holes is the same as that of holes to be milled of the lower wall plate of the wing and corresponds to that of the holes to be milled one by one;
one end of the cylindrical positioning seat is inserted and fixed in the positioning counter bore, a positioning hole matched with the positioning pin is circumferentially formed in the end face of the other end, and a second through hole matched with the cylinder of the cylinder cover is axially formed in the center of the cylindrical positioning seat; the inner side wall of the second through hole is concave downwards to form an annular positioning groove, and the annular positioning groove is matched with the locking part of the locking pin.
In order to obtain high connection rigidity between the clamping mechanism and the positioning template and stabilize positioning accuracy and clamping force of the clamping mechanism, the clamping mechanism further comprises an elastic taper sleeve, the elastic taper sleeve is sleeved on the cylinder cover cylinder, the large end of the elastic taper sleeve faces the cylinder barrel, and an inner taper surface matched with the outer taper surface of the elastic taper sleeve is arranged at the inlet of the second through hole of the cylindrical positioning seat.
In order to ensure that the clamping mechanism and the positioning template can still maintain the clamping state through mechanical locking under the condition of stopping air supply, thereby ensuring the milling precision, the clamping mechanism also comprises a compression plunger and a third compression spring; the compression plunger passes through the cylinder cover mounting part, the end face of the compression plunger is abutted against the end face of the large end of the elastic taper sleeve, one end of the third compression spring is sleeved on the compression plunger, and the other end of the third compression spring is connected with the piston.
In order to adjust the gap between the clamping mechanism and the positioning template to zero and thus stabilize the positioning accuracy and the clamping force, the positioning pin is preferably a taper pin in order to realize the rapid separation of the clamping mechanism and the positioning template, the clamping mechanism further comprises a bushing and a second compression spring, the bushing is movably arranged in the positioning hole, the second compression spring is arranged in the positioning hole and is positioned below the bushing, and the center part of the bushing is provided with a taper hole matched with the taper pin.
In order to facilitate rapid separation of the clamping mechanism and the positioning template, the bushing is provided with a step part, the positioning hole is a step through hole, the bushing is movably arranged in a small hole of the step through hole, and the step part is clamped on a step surface of the positioning hole.
In order to obtain a more reliable clamping force, the locking portion of the locking pin is preferably a hemisphere.
In order to make the device structure more exquisite and convenient to use, the hollow piston rod drives the distance that the locking pin moved in the retaining member mounting hole when the clamping mechanism clamps or loosens the positioning template to be equal to the spherical radius of the locking pin.
In order to obtain the high air tightness of the clamping mechanism in the device, a first sealing ring is arranged between the piston and the side wall of the cylinder barrel, a second sealing ring is arranged between the hollow piston rod and the side wall of the large hole of the step through hole at the bottom of the cylinder barrel, and a third sealing ring is arranged between the hollow piston rod and the cylinder cover.
The method for butt-joint spiral hole milling of the wing body is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. the clamping mechanism is detachably and fixedly connected to the front end face of the portable spiral hole milling device, and the positioning template is detachably and fixedly connected to the outer surface of the lower wall plate of the wing;
B. the portable spiral hole milling device drives the clamping mechanism to press the locating pin into the locating hole of one cylindrical locating seat, and meanwhile, the cylinder cover cylinder is inserted into the second through hole of the cylindrical locating seat, and the locking part of the locking pin is opposite to the annular locating groove of the locating template;
C. supplying air to the clamping mechanism, introducing air to the second air hole, exhausting air from the first air hole, enabling the piston to move towards the direction of the spiral hole milling device, enabling the hollow piston rod to drive the locking pin to extend outwards along the mounting hole of the locking piece against the elastic force of the first compression spring, enabling the locking part of the locking pin to be inserted into the annular positioning groove of the cylindrical positioning seat, and enabling the clamping mechanism to clamp the positioning template;
D. the portable spiral hole milling device is used for milling holes;
E. after one hole is machined, the first air hole is filled with air, the second air hole is exhausted, the piston moves towards the positioning template, the locking pin retracts inwards along the mounting hole of the locking piece under the action of the elastic force of the first compression spring, the locking part of the locking pin is separated from the annular positioning groove of the cylindrical positioning seat, and the clamping mechanism loosens the positioning template;
F. b, taking down the portable spiral hole milling device and the clamping mechanism, moving to a position for processing a next hole, and turning to the step B;
G. and B-F steps are repeated until all milling holes are completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the portable spiral hole milling device can be accurately positioned relative to the lower wall plate of the wing, and the problem of swing of the portable spiral hole milling device during hole milling is solved;
2. the wing body butt joint spiral milling hole system is exquisite in structure and convenient to use, and solves the problem that an existing wing body butt joint spiral milling hole system interferes with surrounding auxiliary tools;
3. by utilizing pneumatic transmission, the quick clamping and loosening between the clamping mechanism and the positioning template are realized, and the hole milling efficiency is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a clamping mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylinder barrel according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylinder head according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a piston structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a positioning template according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a column-shaped positioning seat according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an arcuate base plate of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the instant prior to clamping of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the present invention during clamping;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a cylinder head according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention before clamping;
fig. 14 is a schematic view of the clamping according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "inner", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or positional relationship that the inventive product is conventionally put in use, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The following detailed description of how the invention may be carried into effect with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, an auxiliary positioning device for wing body butt joint spiral hole milling includes: a clamping mechanism 2 and a positioning template 3.
Referring to fig. 2, the clamping mechanism 2 includes a cylinder 211, a cylinder cover 212, a piston 213, a hollow piston rod 214, a positioning pin 22, and a locking member 23; the cylinder cover 212 is mounted on the cylinder 211, the cylinder cover 212 and the cylinder 211 enclose a cavity for accommodating the piston 213, the hollow piston rod 214 passes through the cylinder cover 212 and is fixedly connected with the piston 213, and the positioning pin 22 and the locking member 23 are mounted on the cylinder cover 212.
Referring to fig. 3, the cylinder 211 has a bottom 2115 for connecting with a portable screw hole milling device, a step through hole is formed in the center of the bottom, a large hole 2111 of the step through hole faces the inner cavity of the cylinder, a first air hole 2113 and a second air hole 2114 are axially formed in the side wall of the cylinder 211 at intervals, and the first air hole 2113 is adjacent to the bottom of the cylinder 211; the first air hole and the second air hole are axially arranged at intervals so that the piston can slide between the first air hole and the second air hole, and the first air hole and the second air hole are communicated with an air source through an air pipe.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, cylinder head 212 includes a bottomed cylinder 2122, the bottom of cylinder 2122 extending radially outwardly to form a mounting portion 2121. The cylinder head 212 is attached to the cylinder 211 by an attachment portion 2121, and the cylinder head 212 is coaxial with the cylinder 211. Referring to fig. 2, the positioning pins 22 are fixed on the lower side surface of the mounting portion 2121 by inserting mounting holes in the mounting portion 2121, and in this embodiment, the positioning pins are two cylindrical positioning pins, preferably, the two cylindrical positioning pins are arranged symmetrically at the center, so that the positioning is accurate. Referring to fig. 4, a first through hole 2124 is provided at the bottom center of the cylinder head 212; the side wall of the cylinder cover 212 is radially provided with locking member mounting holes 2123, the locking member mounting holes 2123 are step through holes, the large holes face the inner cavity of the cylinder cover, and the two locking member mounting holes are symmetrically arranged in the embodiment, so that the locking member mounting holes are designed for more reliable locking.
Referring to fig. 2, a piston 213 is mounted in the cylinder 211 between a first air hole 2113 and a second air hole 2114. Piston 213 slides within cylinder 211 to a first limit position, where piston 213 slides upward to a position tangential to first air hole 2113, and a second limit position, where piston 213 slides downward to a position tangential to second air hole 2114. Setting of the piston sliding limit position can be achieved by providing a stopper or a chute on the side wall of the cylinder tube 211 between the first air hole 2113 and the second air hole 2114. In the present embodiment, the limit position of the piston sliding is set by limiting the displacement of the hollow piston rod 214, and the present embodiment is designed such that when the clamping mechanism 2 clamps or releases the positioning die plate 3, the first limit position of the upward movement of the hollow piston rod 214 is the step surface of the stepped through hole of the bottom of the cylinder 211, and the second limit position of the downward movement is the arc-shaped bottom plate 31 of the positioning die plate 3, and the design is adopted in order to simplify the structure of the device and ensure the operation.
Referring to fig. 2 and 5, the piston rod of the piston 213 is hollow, the hollow piston rod 214 has two ends A, B, the end a sequentially passes through the cylinder cover 212 and is inserted into the large hole 2111 of the stepped through hole of the cylinder 211, the end B is accommodated in the inner cavity of the cylinder cover cylinder 2122, the end B is provided with a conical surface 2141, the cross section of the hollow piston rod 214 is circular, and the inner cavity of the hollow piston rod 214 is penetrated up and down.
Referring to fig. 2, the locking member 23 includes a locking pin 231 and a first compression spring 232, the locking pin 231 includes a cylindrical pin body 2312 and a tail 2311 having a radial dimension larger than that of the pin body, the tail 2311 is provided with a slope 23111 adapted to the conical surface 2141 of the hollow piston rod 214, the pin body 2312 of the locking pin 231 is connected to the tail 2311 through a locking member mounting hole 2123 from inside to outside, and a locking portion 2313 is provided at an end of the pin body of the locking pin 231 opposite to the tail thereof; the locking portion 2313 is a hemisphere, the first compression spring 232 is sleeved on the pin body of the locking pin 231, one end of the first compression spring abuts against the tail portion 2311 of the locking pin 231, and the other end of the first compression spring abuts against the step surface of the locking member mounting hole 2123. When the clamping mechanism 2 clamps the positioning template 3, the first compression spring 232 is stressed to compress, and when the clamping mechanism 2 releases the positioning template 3, the first compression spring 232 returns to the initial installation state.
Referring to fig. 6, the positioning die plate 3 includes an arc-shaped bottom plate 31 and a cylindrical positioning seat 32 inserted on the arc-shaped bottom plate 31. For simplicity of drawing and ease of description of the structure of the device, only an arcuate base plate having one cylindrical positioning seat 32 is shown in this embodiment.
Referring to fig. 8, the arc-shaped bottom plate 31 is provided with a step through hole, the large hole is a positioning counter bore 311, and the small hole is a guide hole 312; the number and positions of the positioning counter bores 311 and the guide holes 312 on the arc-shaped bottom plate are consistent with the number and positions of holes to be milled of the wing lower wall plate and correspond to each other one by one, and in order to ensure that the portable hole milling device mills round holes on the wing lower wall plate, the centers of the positioning counter bores and the guide holes on the arc-shaped bottom plate pass through the arc centers of the arc surfaces of the arc-shaped bottom plate. The size of the arc-shaped bottom plate is determined according to the size of a milling hole area when the wing bodies are in butt joint.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, fig. 9, one end of the cylindrical positioning seat 32 is inserted into the positioning counter bore 311, and the end surface of the other end is provided with a positioning hole 321 corresponding to the positioning pin 22 in the circumferential direction; the central portion of the cylindrical positioning seat 32 is axially provided with a second through hole 322, the aperture of the second through hole 322 is matched with the outer diameter of the cylinder cover cylinder 2122, the inner side wall of the second through hole 322 is radially recessed to form an annular positioning groove 324, the annular positioning groove 324 corresponds to the locking pin 231, the cross section of the annular positioning groove 324 is a semicircle, and the radius of the annular positioning groove is consistent with the spherical radius of the locking pin 231.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the method of using the present invention will be described in detail:
firstly, fixedly connecting a clamping mechanism 2 on the front end face of a portable spiral hole milling device 1 through bolts, and fixedly connecting a positioning template 3 on the outer surface of a wing lower wall plate 4 through pins;
then the portable spiral hole milling device 1 drives the clamping mechanism 2 to press the positioning pin 22 into the positioning hole 321 of one cylindrical positioning seat, meanwhile, the cylinder cover cylinder 2122 is inserted into the second through hole 322 of the cylindrical positioning seat, and the locking pin 231 is opposite to the annular positioning groove 324 of the cylindrical positioning seat; supplying air to the clamping mechanism 2, introducing air to the second air holes 2114, exhausting air from the first air holes 2113, moving the piston 213 towards the direction of the portable spiral hole milling device 1, and enabling the hollow piston rod 214 to drive the locking pin 231 to extend outwards along the locking piece mounting hole 2123 against the elastic force of the first compression spring 232, wherein the locking part 2313 of the locking pin 231 is inserted into the annular positioning groove 324 of the cylindrical positioning seat, the clamping mechanism 2 clamps the positioning template 3, and the portable spiral hole milling device 1 performs spiral hole milling;
when the portable spiral hole milling device 1 finishes machining a hole, the first air hole 2113 is accessed, meanwhile, the second air hole is exhausted 2114, the piston 213 moves towards the direction of the positioning template 3, the locking pin 231 retracts inwards along the locking piece mounting hole 2123 under the elastic force of the first compression spring 232, the locking part 2313 of the locking pin is separated from the annular positioning groove 324 of the cylindrical positioning seat 32, and the clamping mechanism 2 loosens the positioning template 3;
the portable spiral hole milling device 1 and the clamping mechanism 2 are taken down, moved to the position of the next hole processing, and the actions are repeated until all the holes are milled, the air supply is stopped, and the clamping mechanism 1 and the positioning template 2 are disassembled.
The invention is further described in connection with the accompanying drawings in another preferred embodiment.
Referring to fig. 11 and 12, the clamping mechanism further includes a first sealing ring between the piston 213 and the wall of the cylinder, a second sealing ring between the hollow piston rod 214 and the bottom of the cylinder, and a third sealing ring between the hollow piston rod 214 and the cylinder cover 212. The sealing ring is preferably an O-ring. The positioning pin is a taper pin 221, and the clamping mechanism further comprises a bushing 223 and a second compression spring 224; the taper pin 221 is fixedly arranged on the cylinder cover through two symmetrically arranged pin holes 2125; the positioning hole of the cylindrical positioning seat is a step through hole 3211, the big hole of the step through hole faces the arc-shaped bottom plate, the outer circumferential surface of the bushing 223 is cylindrical, and the end part of the bushing is provided with a step 2231; the inside of the bush 223 is provided with a taper hole corresponding to the taper surface of the taper pin 221, and the taper angle of the taper pin 221 is consistent with the taper angle of the inner taper hole of the bush 223. During installation, the bushing is inserted into the small hole of the step through hole 3211 of the cylindrical positioning seat 32, and the step 2231 of the bushing is clamped on the step surface of the step through hole 3211; the second compression spring 224 is arranged in the large hole of the step through hole 3211; then, the large hole of the stepped through hole 3211 of the cylindrical positioning seat 32 is inserted into the positioning counter bore 311 toward the arc-shaped bottom plate, one end face of the second compression spring 224 abuts against the bottom face of the positioning counter bore 311 of the arc-shaped bottom plate, and the other end face abuts against the stepped face of the bushing stepped portion 2231. When the clamping mechanism clamps the positioning template, the taper pin 221 is inserted into the bushing 223, the bushing 223 is pushed to move downwards, and the second compression spring 224 is compressed; when the clamping mechanism is separated from the positioning template, the taper pin 221 is withdrawn from the bushing 223, the second compression spring 224 is reset, the bushing 223 is moved back to the initial installation state, and the clamping mechanism is rapidly separated from the positioning template. Zero-clearance connection between the clamping mechanism and the positioning template is realized through elastic deformation of the bushing 223, so that the positioning precision and the clamping force between the clamping mechanism and the positioning template are stabilized;
referring to fig. 11 and 12, the clamping mechanism further includes an elastic taper sleeve 241, a pressing plunger 242, and a third compression spring 243; the cylinder cover cylinder 2122 is radially provided with a retainer ring 245, an elastic taper sleeve 241 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder cover cylinder, the end surface of the small end of the elastic taper sleeve abuts against the cylinder cover retainer ring 245, the second through hole 322 of the cylindrical positioning seat is provided with an inner conical surface 323 at the inlet, and the inclination angle of the outer conical surface of the elastic taper sleeve 241 is consistent with the inclination angle of the inner conical surface 323 of the second through hole 322 of the cylindrical positioning seat; an elastic taper sleeve mounting hole 2127 is coaxially arranged on the cylinder cover mounting part 2121 and the cylinder cover cylinder 2122, the elastic taper sleeve mounting hole 2127 is an annular counter bore, a compression plunger mounting hole 2126 is circumferentially arranged on the cylinder cover mounting part 2121, the compression plunger mounting hole 2126 is a step through hole, a big hole faces the cylinder barrel, and small holes are all communicated with the elastic taper sleeve mounting hole 2127; the pressing plunger 242 is a cylinder provided with a step part, the cylinder passes through the pressing plunger mounting hole 2126, and the end face of the cylinder abuts against the large end face of the elastic taper sleeve 241; the third compression spring 243 is fitted over the pressing plunger 242 with one end abutting against the stepped portion of the pressing plunger 242 and the other end connected to the piston 213 by being inserted into the mounting hole of the piston 213. Referring to fig. 13 and 14, when the clamping mechanism 2 clamps the positioning template 3, the elastic taper sleeve 241 moves upwards under the driving of the cylindrical positioning seat 32, the large end of the elastic taper sleeve 241 enters the elastic taper sleeve mounting hole 2127, the small end of the elastic taper sleeve 241 is inserted between the inner taper surface 323 of the second through hole 322 of the cylindrical positioning seat 32 and the cylinder cover cylinder 2122, the elastic taper sleeve 241 is pressed to generate elastic deformation, and the cylindrical positioning seat and the cylinder cover cylinder realize gapless connection, so that the high-rigidity connection between the clamping mechanism 2 and the positioning template 3 is realized; meanwhile, the elastic taper sleeve 241 pushes the pressing plunger 242 to move upwards so as to support the third compression spring 243 to support the piston 213, so that the piston can maintain the position in the clamping state even if the air pressure pushing is lost, and the clamping mechanism clamps the positioning template in a mechanical locking mode in the air-stopping state. The above preferred examples are provided for the purpose of illustration and description of embodiments of the invention only, and are not intended to be limiting.
Claims (9)
1. An auxiliary positioning device for wing body butt joint spiral milling holes, which is characterized by comprising: the clamping mechanism is used for clamping and loosening the positioning template;
the clamping mechanism comprises:
the cylinder barrel is provided with a cylinder barrel bottom used for being connected with the portable spiral hole milling device, a cylinder barrel step through hole is formed in the center of the cylinder barrel bottom, a large hole of the cylinder barrel step through hole faces to the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel, a first air hole and a second air hole are further formed in the cylinder barrel, and a first air hole is adjacent to the cylinder barrel bottom;
the cylinder cover comprises a cylinder with a bottom, the bottom of the cylinder cover is radially outwards extended to form a cylinder cover mounting part, the cylinder cover is mounted on the cylinder barrel through the cylinder cover mounting part, the cylinder cover and the cylinder barrel are coaxially arranged, a first through hole is formed in the center of the bottom of the cylinder cover, and a locking piece mounting hole is radially formed in the side wall of the cylinder cover;
the piston is arranged in the cylinder barrel and is arranged between the first air hole and the second air hole; the piston rod of the piston is hollow and provided with A, B ends, the end A penetrates through the cylinder cover and is inserted into the large hole of the stepped through hole of the cylinder barrel, the end B is accommodated in the inner cavity of the cylinder cover, the end part of the end B is provided with a conical surface, and the conical surface is formed by the radial outward bulge of the outer peripheral surface of the hollow piston rod; the cross section of the hollow piston rod is circular, and the inner cavity of the hollow piston rod is communicated back and forth along the length direction of the hollow piston rod;
the positioning pins are fixedly arranged on the other side surface of the cylinder cover mounting part, which is opposite to the side surface connected with the cylinder barrel, and at least two positioning pins are circumferentially arranged by taking the axis of the cylinder cover cylinder as the center; a kind of electronic device with high-pressure air-conditioning system
The locking piece comprises a locking pin and a first compression spring; the locking pin comprises a cylindrical pin body and a tail part with the radial size larger than that of the pin body, and the tail part is provided with an inclined plane matched with the conical surface of the hollow piston rod; the pin body penetrates through a locking piece mounting hole of the cylinder cover from inside to outside to be connected with the tail part of the locking pin, and a locking part is arranged at one end, opposite to the tail part, of the pin body of the locking pin; the first compression spring is sleeved on the pin body of the locking pin and is propped between the tail part of the locking pin and the side wall of the cylinder cover cylinder;
the positioning template comprises an arc-shaped bottom plate and more than one cylindrical positioning seat, wherein the arc-shaped bottom plate is used for being in fit connection with the surface of the lower wall plate of the wing, and the more than one cylindrical positioning seat is inserted on the arc-shaped bottom plate; the arc-shaped bottom plate is provided with step through holes, the large holes of the step through holes are positioning counter bores, the small holes of the step through holes are guide holes, and the number of the step through holes is the same as that of holes to be milled of the wing lower wall plate and corresponds to that of the holes to be milled one by one; one end of the cylindrical positioning seat is inserted and fixed in the positioning counter bore, a positioning hole matched with the positioning pin is circumferentially formed in the end face of the other end, and a second through hole matched with the cylinder of the cylinder cover is axially formed in the center of the cylindrical positioning seat; the inner side wall of the second through hole is concave downwards to form an annular positioning groove, and the annular positioning groove is matched with the locking part of the locking pin.
2. The auxiliary positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the clamping mechanism further comprises an elastic taper sleeve, the elastic taper sleeve is sleeved on the cylinder cover cylinder, the large end of the elastic taper sleeve faces the cylinder barrel, and an inner taper surface matched with the outer taper surface of the elastic taper sleeve is arranged at the inlet of the second through hole of the cylindrical positioning seat.
3. The auxiliary positioning device of claim 2, wherein the clamping mechanism further comprises a hold-down plunger and a third compression spring; the compression plunger passes through the cylinder cover mounting part, the end face of the compression plunger is abutted against the end face of the large end of the elastic taper sleeve, one end of the third compression spring is sleeved on the compression plunger, and the other end of the third compression spring is connected with the piston.
4. The auxiliary positioning device according to claim 1, wherein the positioning pin is a taper pin, the clamping mechanism further comprises a bushing and a second compression spring, the bushing is movably installed in the positioning hole, the second compression spring is installed in the positioning hole and located below the bushing, and a taper hole matched with the taper pin is formed in the center portion of the bushing.
5. The positioning aid according to claim 4, wherein the bushing is provided with a stepped portion, the positioning hole is a stepped through hole, the bushing is movably installed in a small hole of the stepped through hole, and the stepped portion is clamped on a stepped surface of the positioning hole.
6. The auxiliary positioning device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the locking portion of the locking pin is a hemisphere.
7. The auxiliary positioning device according to claim 6, wherein the hollow piston rod drives the locking pin to move in the locking member mounting hole by a distance equal to the spherical radius of the locking pin when the clamping mechanism clamps or releases the positioning template.
8. The auxiliary positioning device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein a first sealing ring is arranged between the piston and the side wall of the cylinder barrel, a second sealing ring is arranged between the hollow piston rod and the side wall of the large hole of the step through hole at the bottom of the cylinder barrel, and a third sealing ring is arranged between the hollow piston rod and the cylinder cover.
9. A method for butt-joint spiral hole milling of a wing body, which is characterized by using the auxiliary positioning device as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, comprising the following steps:
A. the clamping mechanism is detachably and fixedly connected to the front end face of the portable spiral hole milling device, and the positioning template is detachably and fixedly connected to the outer surface of the lower wall plate of the wing;
B. the portable spiral hole milling device drives the clamping mechanism to press the locating pin into the locating hole of one cylindrical locating seat, and meanwhile, the cylinder cover cylinder is inserted into the second through hole of the cylindrical locating seat, and the locking part of the locking pin is opposite to the annular locating groove of the locating template;
C. supplying air to the clamping mechanism, introducing air to the second air hole, exhausting air from the first air hole, enabling the piston to move towards the direction of the spiral hole milling device, enabling the hollow piston rod to drive the locking pin to extend outwards along the mounting hole of the locking piece against the elastic force of the first compression spring, enabling the locking part of the locking pin to be inserted into the annular positioning groove of the cylindrical positioning seat, and enabling the clamping mechanism to clamp the positioning template;
D. the portable spiral hole milling device is used for milling holes;
E. after one hole is machined, the first air hole is filled with air, the second air hole is exhausted, the piston moves towards the direction of the positioning template, the locking pin retracts inwards along the mounting hole of the locking piece under the action of the elastic force of the first compression spring, the locking part of the locking pin is separated from the annular positioning groove of the cylindrical positioning seat, and the clamping mechanism loosens the positioning template;
F. b, taking down the portable spiral hole milling device and the clamping mechanism, moving to a position for processing a next hole, and turning to the step B;
G. and B-F steps are repeated until all milling holes are completed.
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| CN201710652478.6A CN108161094B (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2017-08-02 | Auxiliary positioning device and hole milling method for wing body butt joint spiral hole milling |
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| CN201710652478.6A CN108161094B (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2017-08-02 | Auxiliary positioning device and hole milling method for wing body butt joint spiral hole milling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109110103B (en) * | 2018-09-12 | 2020-08-28 | 淮北创之社信息科技有限公司 | Aircraft cabin wallboard butt-joint structural |
| CN109579640B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2024-02-06 | 吉林江机特种工业有限公司 | Airfoil processing device and processing method |
| CN109733591B (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2022-04-08 | 中航电测仪器股份有限公司 | Pull rod type airplane control releasing device and releasing method |
| CN112324810B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-07-22 | 中国航发湖南动力机械研究所 | Positioning and anti-loosening device for rotating shaft and mounting method |
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