Working method of coal separator
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine equipment, in particular to a coal separator.
Background
Coal dressing is also called coal washing, and the process of selecting clean coal meeting the user quality requirement from raw coal. The coal for coking has certain requirements on ash content and sulfur content, and cleaned coal which is washed and selected must be used. The lithofacies composition of coal, as well as the quantity, type, nature and distribution of minerals in the coal, are factors that influence the selectivity of coal. The common processes of coal preparation plants include jigging, dense medium cyclones, dense medium shallow slots, moving sieve jigging, flotation and the like aiming at the difficulty of raw coal selectivity. Other coal dressing methods include air separation, spiral dressing, etc.
However, when the existing coal separator is used for coal separation, because raw coal directly slides from the vibrating screen, the retention time is short, the raw coal cannot be sufficiently separated and screened, and thus the same batch of raw coal can be thoroughly distinguished only by screening for multiple times, so that the problems of high cost, low efficiency and increased labor burden of workers in the coal separation process are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a coal separator which can effectively prolong the retention time of raw coal on a vibrating screen and fully screen and distinguish the raw coal, thereby reducing the coal separation cost, improving the coal separation efficiency and reducing the labor burden of workers.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a coal picker is used for screening clean coal from raw coal, and is characterized in that: the coal cleaning device comprises a base, fastening bolts, a height adjusting device, a clean coal slide way, a vibrating screen, a vibrating motor, a mounting frame, a retention device and a coal discharging device;
the base is provided with a bolt through hole, and a fastening bolt penetrates through the bolt through hole to fasten the base on the ground;
the height adjusting device comprises two hydraulic cylinders which are vertically arranged at one end of the base;
one end of the clean coal slide way is connected with piston rods of two hydraulic cylinders, the other end of the clean coal slide way is hinged with the base, and the hydraulic cylinders can adjust the gradient of the clean coal slide way through the extension and contraction of the piston rods;
the vibrating screen is arranged above the clean coal slide way and is connected with the clean coal slide way through a spring;
the vibrating motor is arranged on the side face of the clean coal slide way through an installation frame and is connected with the vibrating screen and used for driving the vibrating screen to vibrate;
the detention device comprises a frame, a forward gear, a crosspiece, a positioning sheath, an electric push rod and a connecting plate; the forward bars and the crosspieces are arranged in the frame in a mutually vertical mode, and the frame is divided into a plurality of coal stagnation areas; the crosspieces are fixedly connected with the frame, and the crosspieces penetrate through the side face of the frame and can be drawn out of the frame; the positioning sheath is arranged at the joint of the outer side of the frame and the crosspiece, and the crosspiece penetrates through the positioning sheath and then is inserted into the frame; the positioning sheath is arranged to ensure that the crosspiece cannot shake or fall off when being drawn out of the frame along with the electric push rod; the connecting plate is positioned outside the frame and is connected with the protruding frame part of each crosspiece; the electric push rod is vertically arranged on the outer side surface of the frame, and a piston rod of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with the connecting plate; the electric push rod can drive the connecting plate to move through the piston rod, so as to drive the crosspiece to be drawn out of or inserted into the side face of the frame; the stroke of the electric push rod is equal to the width of the frame; the retention device is arranged above the vibrating screen and is fixedly connected with the vibrating screen through a frame;
the coal discharging device comprises a clean coal discharging pipe and a raw coal discharging pipe, wherein the raw coal discharging pipe is arranged at the top end of the clean coal discharging pipe along the direction of the vibrating screen and is used for discharging blocky raw coal on the vibrating screen; the clean coal discharging pipe is fixedly connected with the clean coal slide way, is positioned below the vibrating screen and is used for discharging clean coal on the clean coal slide way from the side surface of the coal separator.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the electric push rod in the detention device can be replaced by a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.
The using method comprises the following steps: when the device is used, the clean coal slide way is adjusted to a proper gradient by using the height adjusting device according to the components of the raw coal, so that the gradient can conveniently slide down and be discharged on the premise that the retention area of the retention device can contain as much raw coal as possible, specifically, if more clean coal in the components of the raw coal is contained, the gradient of the clean coal slide way is larger, and if less clean coal is contained in the components of the raw coal, the gradient of the clean coal slide way is smaller, because the gradient of the clean coal slide way is large, the sliding speed of the clean coal is high, the clean coal is conveniently discharged, and the gradient of the clean coal slide way is small, so that more raw coal can be contained in the retention area of the retention device; after the gradient of the clean coal slide way is adjusted, raw coal is sprayed into a retention device of the coal separator by using a conveying device, and a vibrating motor is started to drive a vibrating screen to vibrate at the moment, so that clean coal in the raw coal can leak through the vibrating screen and fall on the clean coal slide way, and meanwhile, the clean coal slides to the lowest end of the clean coal slide way and is discharged out of the coal separator by a clean coal discharge pipe; when the vibrating motor runs for a period of time, the electric push rod is started, a piston rod of the electric push rod extends out to drive the crosspiece to be drawn out from the side face of the retention device, so that raw coal blocks in raw coal slide to the lowest end of the vibrating screen along the vibrating screen, fall to the raw coal discharge pipe and slide out of the coal separator along the guide direction of the raw coal discharge pipe, then the piston rod of the electric push rod is contracted to drive the crosspiece to reduce, and then the next wave of raw coal screening is carried out; after the coal separator is started, the coal separator can continuously and efficiently work only by controlling the coal adding frequency and the telescopic frequency of the electric push rod.
These technical solutions, including the improved technical solution and the further improved technical solution, can also be combined or combined with each other, thereby achieving better technical effects.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the coal separator provided by the invention has the advantages that the coal separation efficiency is high, the coal separator can be suitable for raw coal with different components, the application range is wide, the pertinence is strong, and the coal separation effect is good;
2. the coal separator is provided with the retention device, the coal retention effect is strong, and raw coal can be fully screened and distinguished on the vibrating screen;
3. the coal separator has high automation degree, can continuously and efficiently work by controlling the coal feeding frequency and the telescopic frequency of the electric push rod, is convenient to adapt to the development of coal separation modernization, and reduces the labor burden of workers.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the retention device.
In the figure: 1-vibrating motor, 2-detention device, 3-vibrating screen, 4-spring, 5-clean coal slide, 6-height adjusting device, 7-base, 8-coal discharging device, 9-raw coal discharge pipe, 10-clean coal discharge pipe, 11-connecting plate, 12-crosspiece, 13-electric push rod, 14-positioning sheath, 15-cis-crosspiece and 16-frame.
Detailed Description
The patent is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples. The scope of protection of the patent is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in the figure, the coal separator of this patent is used for screening clean coal from the raw coal, characterized by: comprises a base 7, a fastening bolt, a height adjusting device 6, a clean coal slideway 5, a vibrating screen 3, a vibrating motor 1, a mounting rack, a detention device 2 and a coal discharge device 8.
The base 7 is provided with a bolt through hole, and a fastening bolt penetrates through the bolt through hole to fasten the base 7 on the ground; the height adjusting device 6 comprises two hydraulic cylinders which are vertically arranged at one end of the base 7; one end of the clean coal slide way 5 is connected with piston rods of two hydraulic cylinders, the other end of the clean coal slide way is hinged with the base 7, and the hydraulic cylinders can adjust the gradient of the clean coal slide way 5 through the extension and contraction of the piston rods; the vibrating screen 3 is arranged above the clean coal slide way 5 and is connected with the clean coal slide way 5 through a spring 4; vibrating motor 1 passes through the mounting bracket setting in clean coal slide 5 sides, and vibrating motor 1 is connected with shale shaker 3 for drive 3 vibrations of shale shaker.
The detention device 2 comprises a frame 16, a forward gear 15, a crosspiece 12, an electric push rod 13 and a connecting plate 11; the forward rail 15 and the crosspiece 12 are arranged in the frame 16 in a mutually vertical mode, and the frame 16 is divided into a plurality of coal stagnation areas; the crosspiece 15 is fixedly connected with the frame 16, and the crosspiece 12 passes through the side surface of the frame 16 and can be drawn out of the frame 16; a positioning sheath 14 is arranged at the joint of the outer side of the frame 16 of the detention device 2 and the crosspiece, and the crosspiece penetrates through the positioning sheath 14 and then is inserted into the frame 16; the positioning sheath 14 is arranged to prevent the crosspiece from shaking or falling off when being drawn out of the frame 16 along with the electric push rod 13; the connecting plate 11 is positioned outside the frame 16 and is connected with the part of each crosspiece 12 protruding out of the frame 16; the electric push rod 13 is vertically arranged on the outer side surface of the frame 16, and a piston rod of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 11; the electric push rod 13 can drive the connecting plate 11 to move through the piston rod, so as to drive the crosspiece 12 to be drawn out or inserted from the side surface of the frame 16; the stroke of the electric push rod 13 is equal to the width of the frame 16; the retention device 2 is arranged above the vibrating screen 3 and is fixedly connected to the vibrating screen 3 by means of a frame 16.
The coal discharging device 8 comprises a clean coal discharging pipe 10 and a raw coal discharging pipe 9, wherein the raw coal discharging pipe 9 is arranged at the top end of the clean coal discharging pipe 10 along the direction of the vibrating screen 3 and is used for discharging blocky raw coal on the vibrating screen 3; the clean coal discharging pipe 10 is fixedly connected with the clean coal slide way 5 and is positioned below the vibrating screen 3 and used for discharging clean coal on the clean coal slide way 5 from the side surface of the coal separator.
When the device is used, the clean coal slide way 5 is adjusted to a proper gradient by the height adjusting device 6 according to the components of the raw coal, so that the gradient can conveniently slide down and be discharged on the premise that the retention area of the retention device 2 can contain as much raw coal as possible, specifically, if more clean coal in the components of the raw coal is available, the gradient of the clean coal slide way 5 is larger, and if less clean coal in the components of the raw coal is available, the gradient of the clean coal slide way 5 is smaller, because the gradient of the clean coal slide way 5 is large, the sliding speed of the clean coal is fast, the clean coal can be conveniently discharged, and if the gradient of the clean coal slide way 5 is small, more raw coal can be contained in the retention area of the retention device 2; after the gradient of the clean coal slide way 5 is adjusted, the raw coal is sprayed into the retention device 2 of the coal separator by using the conveying device, at the moment, the vibrating motor 1 is started to drive the vibrating screen 3 to vibrate, so that the clean coal in the raw coal can leak through the vibrating screen 3 and fall on the clean coal slide way 5, and meanwhile, the clean coal slides down to the lowest end of the clean coal slide way 5 and is discharged out of the coal separator by the clean coal discharge pipe 10; after the vibrating motor 1 operates for a period of time, the electric push rod 13 is started, a piston rod of the electric push rod 13 extends out to drive the crosspiece 12 to be drawn out from the side face of the retention device 2, so that raw coal blocks in raw coal slide down to the lowest end of the vibrating screen 3 along the vibrating screen 3, fall down to the raw coal discharge pipe 9 and slide out of the coal separator along the guide direction of the raw coal discharge pipe 9, then the piston rod of the electric push rod 13 is contracted to drive the crosspiece 12 to restore, and then the next wave of raw coal screening is carried out; after the coal separator is started, the coal adding frequency and the telescopic frequency of the electric push rod 13 are controlled to enable the coal separator to work continuously and efficiently.
Example 2
As in embodiment 1, in which the electric push rod 13 in the retention device 2 is replaced with a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.