CN108159609B

CN108159609B - Automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation

Info

Publication number: CN108159609B
Application number: CN201711327431.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘建林; 李善鹏; 张云
Original assignee: China University of Petroleum East China
Current assignee: China University of Petroleum East China
Priority date: 2017-12-13
Filing date: 2017-12-13
Publication date: 2020-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-13
Also published as: CN108159609A

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation, and belongs to the technical field of ejection. Automatic jettison device produces and meets an emergency and stores it as strain energy when external factors (for example factors such as humidity, temperature, light intensity) change based on the material, is triggered the back in weak department, along stress concentration department fracture, and strain energy converts kinetic energy into, releases away the material of inside parcel with certain initial velocity. The device specifically comprises a double-layer wrapping film consisting of an outer layer film and an inner layer film which are bonded with each other; the trigger arm is arranged at one end of the double-layer wrapping film, which is adjacent to the weak bulge, and can be bent under the influence of external environment change, so that the top end of the trigger arm is close to the weak bulge; the trigger arm also comprises an outer layer film and an inner layer film which are adhered to each other; the strain of the outer layer film generated along with the change of the external environment is smaller than that of the inner layer film. The automatic ejection device can be applied to the fields of sand prevention, sand control, fire extinguishment and the like.

Description

Automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ejection, in particular to an automatic ejection device utilizing stress deformation of a surface layer.

Background

The ejection is a novel technology, can eject large-load objects in a short time, and has great application prospect in the fields of industry, civilian use, military use and the like. Because the labor cost rises year by year and various uncontrollable factors of the environment are more, the invention of the automatic ejection device which can sense the environment change and automatically eject is particularly necessary. For example, the seed ejecting device can be used in desert treatment, and the survival rate of the seeds can be improved by using the ejecting device to release the seeds at a proper time. China is one of countries with serious desertification in the world, and the desertification of soil in large areas of China, especially soil in northwest areas, caused by factors such as drought, less rain, vegetation damage, strong wind erosion and the like, has serious influence on the ecology of China, for example, the generated sand storm attacks the northern areas of China for many years, and causes great trouble to the life of people. With the promotion of the ecological civilization construction of the country, the control of desertification is more and more emphasized by the country. The root of controlling desertification is to recover vegetation on the earth surface, and desert tree planting becomes an important means for controlling sand in the prior art. However, these trees generally require manual irrigation, have the bottleneck problems of high investment cost, large water consumption and the like, and are not easy to popularize in a large area. If a small amount of natural rainfall windows can be grasped, seeds are sown, and the seeds grow by utilizing natural rainwater, the sand control cost can be greatly reduced.

The ejection can also be used in the field of fire extinguishing, the existing automatic fire extinguishing device is complex in structure, installation or operation, and cannot react quickly in time when a fire breaks out. The invention discloses a device which can sense the environmental temperature change, can react quickly and can automatically eject the fire extinguishing agent. Both of the above two fields require the ejection device to have a device for automatically sensing the change of the external environment and thus automatically releasing the ejection device.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation, which has the characteristics of sensitive induction, quick release, large covering radius, low cost, simple structure, no need of maintenance, convenience in manufacture, portability, reliability and the like.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

the utility model provides an utilize automatic jettison device of top layer stress deformation, automatic jettison device produces and meets an emergency and store it as strain energy when external factors (for example factors such as humidity, temperature, light intensity) change based on the material, after weak department is triggered, along stress concentration department fracture, strain energy converts kinetic energy into, releases away the material of inside parcel with certain initial velocity.

An automatic ejection device utilizing stress deformation of a surface layer comprises a double-layer wrapping film, wherein the double-layer wrapping film comprises an outer layer film and an inner layer film, and an object to be released is wrapped in the inner layer film; the outer film and the inner film are tightly bonded, so that the inner film and the outer film cannot generate relative displacement and store energy for ejection; the strain of the outer layer film generated along with the change of the external environment is smaller than that of the inner layer film; one end of the double-layer wrapping film is provided with a weak bulge, and the weak bulge is easy to crack; a trigger arm is arranged at one end, adjacent to the weak bulge, of the double-layer wrapping film, and can be bent under the influence of external environment change, so that the top end of the double-layer wrapping film is close to the weak bulge; the trigger arm comprises an outer layer film and an inner layer film, the outer layer film and the inner layer film are tightly adhered, and the strain of the outer layer film generated along with the change of an external environment is smaller than that of the inner layer film; the one end that two-layer wrapping film kept away from weak arch sets up stably protrudingly, prevents that the two-layer wrapping film from thoroughly separating after the fracture.

The preferred, utilize top layer stress deformation's automatic ejection device includes protecting sheathing, protecting sheathing preferred be the coiled shell of sheet metal, the parcel is outside at double-deck parcel membrane, and the shape suits with double-deck parcel membrane, and the opening is located weak bellied one side, can open along with the fracture of inside double-deck parcel membrane, guarantees the smooth ejection of release thing.

Preferably, the automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation has a flattened ellipsoidal shape, and the shape is more favorable for opening the device.

Preferably, the shape of the automatic ejection device deformed by the surface layer stress is similar to the shape of a seed, the automatic ejection device is generally in a flattened ellipsoidal shape, the upper half part of the automatic ejection device is provided with a weak bulge and a trigger arm, the weak bulge is in a sharp structure, the trigger arm is in a linear shape, and the tail end of the trigger arm is positioned below the weak bulge; the thickness of the double-layer wrapping film is gradually increased from top to bottom until the thickness of the stable bulge is maximum, and the stable bulge is in a flowerpot shape when viewed from the side;

preferably, the thickness of the stabilizing projection is more than 2 times of the thickness of the weak projection.

As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the weakening protrusion is in a sickle-shaped structure;

as a further improvement of the technical scheme, the fracture stress of the outer layer film and the inner layer film is smaller than the stress generated by the device under the critical external condition, so that the device can spontaneously crack when the external factor reaches the critical value.

The automatic ejection device utilizing the surface layer stress deformation comprises the following implementation steps:

step A, when the change of external factors reaches a critical condition, the strain of the outer layer film generated along with the change of external environment is smaller than that of the inner layer film, so that great stress is generated between the inner layer film and the outer layer film due to extrusion, and the stress at the sharper position is larger, so that a large amount of strain energy is generated to be accumulated in the wrapping film, and the whole wrapping film is in a metastable state;

step B, when external factors reach critical values (for example, the humidity reaches 80%, the temperature reaches 57 ℃ and the like), the trigger arm which is made of the same material as the double-layer wrapping film is bent and pushes the trigger arm to the weak protrusion, the weak protrusion with the largest stress concentration can rapidly crack under the disturbance, and the weak protrusion expands along the sharp edge of the wrapping layer and stops at the stable protrusion with smaller external smooth stress;

and step C, the bound double-layer wrapping film is removed, the outer layer film and the inner layer film can be quickly converted into an inward convex shape and rotate around the stable bulge under the action of strain energy, the protective shell is unfolded, the strain energy is converted into kinetic energy of the double-layer wrapping film, the kinetic energy is transmitted to an object to be released wrapped in the double-layer wrapping film, and the object to be released is ejected to a wide area with the radius not less than 10 meters as shown in figures 3 and 4.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the double-layer film trigger arm which is made of the same material as the double-layer wrapping film is fixed on the outer layer film, can be bent along with the change of external factors, the top end of the trigger arm is close to the weak bulge, and can contact the weak bulge when the external factors reach critical values (for example, the humidity reaches 80%, the temperature reaches 57 ℃ and the like).

The weak bulge is the sharpest part in the double-layer packaging film structure, and stress is concentrated when stress is generated, and the stress is the largest at the position.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the stable bulge structure is smooth and has minimum stress, the crack can not be generated in crack propagation, and the double-layer wrapping film is prevented from being thoroughly separated after the crack is generated.

As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the protective shell has elasticity and can be propped open by the cracked double-layer wrapping film, so that ejection of objects to be released is facilitated.

When the device is applied to the field of sand prevention and control, the bottom of the protective shell is horizontal and can be directly and vertically fixed in a desert, according to the sand control requirement and the characteristics of seeds, for example, the distance between every two ejection devices can be about 20 meters, the released seeds can be ensured to completely cover the desert and can not be repeatedly released, the number of the used devices can be determined by the area of the desert to be controlled, when the desert rains, the air humidity reaches more than 80 percent, the double-layer wrapping film of the device absorbs water and deforms, the device can intelligently grasp the short time to start, the seeds are ejected to the air at a certain initial speed, and the seeds can be ensured to be spread in a wide area, and the radius is not less than 10 meters. When the device is applied to the field of fire extinguishing, the bottom of the protective shell is horizontal and can be directly fixed on a roof in an inverted mode, the control radius of ten meters can be achieved, only one common room needs to be installed, the cost is low, when the temperature reaches 57 ℃, the device is started to rapidly eject the dry powder fire extinguishing agent downwards, the fire extinguishing agent is rapidly dispersed in the whole fire scene, the fire behavior is controlled, and the fire extinguishing effect is achieved.

Has the advantages that:

1. the automatic ejection device mainly depends on the strain energy generated by two materials with different strains along with the change of external factors as power to release substances wrapped in the materials, and has the advantages of no energy consumption, large action radius and low cost.

2. The automatic ejection device can automatically sense the change of external factors, releases the wrapped substances when the external factors reach critical values, and has sensitive sensing, quick release and obvious effect.

3. The automatic ejection device has the characteristics of compact and simple structural design, low production cost and no need of maintenance.

4. The invention is a unique innovative design, breaks away from an ejection structure and a device model in a certain sense, and has wider application space compared with the prior ejection devices with most designs.

5. When the double-layer wrapping film and the trigger arm double-layer film of the device are changed into materials capable of changing along with humidity, the device can be applied to the field of sand control, the seed spreading range is wide, seeds can be spread in the range with the radius not less than ten meters, the sand control area is large, external energy is not needed, and the manual management cost is low.

6. When the double-layer wrapping film and the cantilever beam double-layer film of the device are changed into materials capable of changing along with temperature strain, the device can be used in the field of fire extinguishment, the fire extinguishing agent can be rapidly released, the coverage range exceeds the area of a common room, the fire extinguishing agent can be scattered on the whole fire scene, the fire extinguishing area is large, the fire behavior can be rapidly controlled at the initial stage of fire occurrence, and the life and property safety of people is guaranteed. Meanwhile, due to the fact that no external energy source is used for driving, the use problem under the condition of power failure in fire is not worried about.

7. In the field of sand control, the seeds can be released quickly when the humidity of rainy air reaches more than 80 percent, and the germination rate of the seeds is ensured. In the field of fire extinguishing, the fire extinguishing device can be quickly controlled in the initial stage of fire occurrence, and larger personnel and property losses are avoided.

8. The automatic ejection device disclosed by the invention utilizes natural rainfall to grow plants in the field of desertification control, and can save a large amount of water resources without additional manual irrigation. In the field of fire extinguishing, an external power supply is not needed, the volume is small, the installation is convenient, and the fire extinguishing device is suitable for being popularized in various places.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of an automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of a schematic diagram of an automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 3 and 4 are schematic diagrams of the ejection process of the object to be released of the automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation according to the invention;

in the figure:

the external layer film-1, the internal layer film-2, the object to be released-3, the weak bulge-4, the trigger arm-5, the stable bulge-6 and the protective shell-7.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

experimental studies show that strain energy generated by two materials with different strains under the action of humidity can be used as a power to release seeds.

Two kinds of different materials parcel that bond each other form the double-deck parcel membrane in the outside of sand control plant seed, and the inseparable bonding guarantees that the two-layer can not take place relative displacement when producing the meeting an emergency inside and outside to the strain conversion who guarantees to produce stores up for the following energy that provides of launching. Along with the increase of humidity, the humidity strain of the inner layer is far greater than the humidity strain of the outer layer, the inner layer can be extruded by the outer layer to generate high stress, the stress at the sharper position is larger, a large amount of strain energy generated by the humidity is accumulated in the wrapping film, and the whole wrapping film is in a metastable state.

Under the suitable condition of external humidity, weak department receives the disturbance, and when the rupture strength of the stress of production was greater than double-deck parcel membrane, double-deck parcel membrane can be along stress concentration's edge fracture rapidly, and the parcel membrane reverses rapidly, and the strain energy of storing converts kinetic energy into, spreads away sand control plant seed fast, reaches and lets its ability under suitable humidity, the growth that sprouts rapidly, plays the effect of controlling sand control.

An automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation, in particular to an automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress concentration to automatically induce humidity to release sand-proof plant seeds, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device is based on different materials (such as hydrogel, which is water-swellable and easy to break, and different strains generated after the hydrogel made of different materials absorbs water can be used as a manufacturing material of a double-layer film) and stores strain energy when humidity is increased, after a weak point is triggered, the stress concentration part is cracked, and strain energy is converted into kinetic energy to launch the sand-proof plant seeds so that the seeds can germinate and grow rapidly under proper humidity, thereby playing the role of sand control and prevention, and having the characteristics of sensitive response, rapid release, high plant survival rate, large acting radius of sand control and prevention, low cost, simple structure, no need of maintenance, convenient manufacture, portability, reliability and the like.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation comprises an outer layer film 1 and an inner layer film 2 which are adhered to each other, sand-proof plant seeds 3 which are wrapped, a weak bulge 4 which is arranged for crack initiation, a trigger arm 5 which is made of the same material as the double-layer wrapping film, a stable bulge 6 which prevents the double-layer wrapping film from being completely separated after cracking and a protective shell 7 which wraps the whole outside.

The structure action mechanism of the invention comprises the following steps:

step A, the outer layer film 1 and the inner layer film 2 of the double-layer wrapping films which are bonded with each other cannot deform at first, along with the increase of humidity, the inner layer film 1 and the outer layer film 2 can generate great stress due to extrusion, the stress at the sharper position is larger, a great amount of strain energy generated by the humidity is accumulated in the wrapping films, and the whole wrapping films are in a metastable state;

step B, under the appropriate humidity such as after rain, the trigger arm 5 which is made of the same material as the double-layer wrapping film is bent and pushes the weak bulge 4, the weak bulge 4 with the largest stress concentration can rapidly crack under the disturbance and expand along the sharp edge of the wrapping layer, and the stabilizing bulge 6 with smaller external smooth stress stops;

and step C, the bound double-layer wrapping film is removed, the outer layer film 1 and the inner layer film 2 can be quickly converted into an inward convex shape from an outward convex shape and rotate around the stable bulge under the action of strain energy, the protective shell 7 is propped open, the strain energy generated by humidity is converted into the kinetic energy of the double-layer wrapping film, and the kinetic energy is transmitted to the sand-proof plant seeds 3 wrapped in the double-layer wrapping film, as shown in figures 3 and 4, so that the sand-proof plant seeds 3 are sprayed to wide areas around at a high speed to quickly germinate and grow, and the effects of sand control and sand prevention are achieved.

Meanwhile, the outer layer film and the inner layer film have smaller fracture stress so as to crack under the stress generated by proper humidity, the outer layer film 1 is tightly adhered to the inner layer film 2, the strain of the outer layer film 1 is far smaller than that of the inner layer film 2, the trigger arm 5 which is made of the same material as the double-layer wrapping film is fixed on the outer layer film 1 and can be bent under the influence of humidity, and the top end of the trigger arm is close to the weak bulge 4.

The weak protrusion 4 is the sharpest part of the double-layer wrapping film structure, and stress is concentrated when stress is generated, and the stress is the largest. The stable bulge 6 has smooth structure and minimum stress, can not crack in crack propagation, and prevents the double-layer wrapping film from being thoroughly separated after cracking. The protective shell 7 has elasticity, can be opened by the cracked double-layer wrapping film, and is convenient for the spreading of seeds.

Example two:

research shows that the sand-proof plant seeds are changed into the dry powder extinguishing agent, and the automatic ejection device has enough ejection distance to the dry powder extinguishing agent, can be applied to the field of fire extinguishing and fighting, and can be used as another embodiment of the invention.

In this embodiment, the outer layer film 1 and the inner layer film 2 which are strained by humidity in the first embodiment are replaced by the outer layer film 1 and the inner layer film 2 which are strained by temperature, and the sand-proof plant seed 3 in the first embodiment is replaced by the dry powder fire extinguishing agent 3.

The specific steps of the fire extinguishing device for releasing the dry powder extinguishing agent by utilizing the surface stress concentration automatic induction temperature adopted by the embodiment are basically the same as those in the first embodiment, except that the triggering condition is changed from humidity to high temperature generated by fire.

Although two different embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is obvious to the person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments.

For example, the shape of the weak protrusion 4 in the greening and desertification control structure of the present invention, other sharp structures besides the sickle-shaped structure shown in the first embodiment of the present invention should also be regarded as embodiments of the present invention. For example, the materials of the outer layer film and the inner layer film can be selected according to various requirements, so as to meet the strain requirements under different conditions, for example, the materials can generate strain according to factors such as sound, light, electricity, magnetism and the like.

It should also be understood that although the present description has been described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment includes only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity purposes only, and those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments described herein may be combined as a whole to form other embodiments as would be understood by those skilled in the art.

However, whatever the above-described embodiment is adopted, the present invention should have the following advantages over the prior art:

the greening and sand control structure provided by the invention has the advantages that strain energy generated by two materials with different strains under the main humidity effect is used as power to release seeds, the energy consumption is not needed, the acting radius of sand control and sand control is large, and the cost is low.

The invention can be applied to the field of greening and desertification control, can automatically sense the humidity change, releases seeds at proper humidity, and has sensitive sensing, quick release and high plant survival rate.

The automatic ejection device utilizing the surface stress has the characteristics of compact and simple structural design, low production cost and no need of maintenance.

The invention is applied to the field of greening and desertification control, utilizes natural rainfall to grow plants, does not need additional manual irrigation, and saves a large amount of water resources.

The invention is a unique innovative design, breaks away from a greening and desertification control structure and a device model in a certain sense, and has wider application space compared with most of the existing greening and desertification control devices.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the above embodiments may be modified, combined and modified in several ways without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation is characterized by comprising a double-layer wrapping film, wherein the double-layer wrapping film comprises an outer layer film and an inner layer film which are bonded with each other; the strain of the outer layer film generated along with the change of the external environment is smaller than that of the inner layer film; one end of the double-layer wrapping film is provided with a weak bulge, and the weak bulge is easy to crack; a trigger arm is arranged at one end, adjacent to the weak bulge, of the double-layer wrapping film, and can be bent under the influence of external environment change, so that the top end of the double-layer wrapping film is close to the weak bulge; the trigger arm comprises an outer layer film and an inner layer film which are adhered to each other, and the strain of the outer layer film generated along with the change of the external environment is smaller than that of the inner layer film.

2. The automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation as claimed in claim 1, wherein a stabilizing protrusion is provided at an end of the double-layer wrapping film away from the weak protrusion to prevent the double-layer wrapping film from being completely separated after cracking.

3. The automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation according to claim 1, wherein the double-layer wrapping film is tightly adhered to both the outer layer film and the inner layer film of the trigger arm.

4. The automatic ejection device utilizing skin stress deformation of claim 1, wherein the device includes a protective housing, and the opening is located on one side of the weakened projection and is capable of opening in response to the rupture of the inner double wrap film.

5. The automatic ejection device using surface layer stress deformation according to claim 1, wherein the overall shape of the device is a flattened ellipsoid shape.

6. The automatic ejection device using skin stress deformation according to claim 1, wherein the weak protrusion has a sharp-pointed structure, the trigger arm has a straight line shape, and a distal end of the trigger arm is located below the weak protrusion.

7. The automatic ejection device utilizing surface layer stress deformation as claimed in claim 2, wherein the device is generally in a flattened ellipsoidal shape, the upper half portion of the device is provided with a weak protrusion and a trigger arm, the weak protrusion is in a sharp structure, the trigger arm is in a linear shape, and the tail end of the trigger arm is positioned below the weak protrusion; the thickness of the double-layer wrapping film is gradually increased from top to bottom, the thickness of the stable bulge is the largest, and the side face of the stable bulge is in a flowerpot shape.

8. The automatic ejection device using skin stress deformation according to claim 1, wherein the rupture stress of the outer film and the inner film is smaller than the stress generated by the device under the critical external conditions.

9. Use of an automatic ejection device using surface layer stress deformation according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the field of sand control.

10. Use of the automatic ejection device using surface stress deformation according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in the field of fire extinguishing.