CN108155553B - Fine adjustable optical parametric oscillator with fast gain band switching - Google Patents

Fine adjustable optical parametric oscillator with fast gain band switching Download PDF

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CN108155553B
CN108155553B CN201810004665.8A CN201810004665A CN108155553B CN 108155553 B CN108155553 B CN 108155553B CN 201810004665 A CN201810004665 A CN 201810004665A CN 108155553 B CN108155553 B CN 108155553B
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optical
light
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parametric oscillator
nonlinear medium
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CN108155553A (en
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杨康文
郑世凯
叶蓬勃
郝强
曾和平
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/106Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity
    • H01S3/108Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using non-linear optical devices, e.g. exhibiting Brillouin or Raman scattering
    • H01S3/1083Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling devices placed within the cavity using non-linear optical devices, e.g. exhibiting Brillouin or Raman scattering using parametric generation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/353Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
    • G02F1/3536Four-wave interaction
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01SDEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S3/00Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
    • H01S3/10Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
    • H01S3/10061Polarization control

Abstract

The invention relates to an optical parametric oscillator with fast switching and fine adjustable gain spectral bands, which comprises a pumping source, a polarization controller, an optical coupler, a birefringent nonlinear medium, an output coupler, an output end, a feedback optical path consisting of a fixed delay line and an adjustable delay line, wherein the pumping source, the polarization controller, the optical coupler, the birefringent nonlinear medium, the output coupler, the output end, the fixed delay line and the adjustable delay line are sequentially connected; an electrically controlled polarization controller is used for realizing rapid polarization control, so that the output wavelength of the optical parametric oscillator is rapidly adjusted; the optical parametric oscillator can finely adjust the output wavelength by adjusting the length of the parametric oscillator; the feedback delay causes the time domain width of the feedback pulse to be larger than that of the pumping pulse through the action of dispersion, and the extremely narrow output spectrum is realized based on the dispersion filtering effect; the conversion efficiency of the optical parametric oscillator is improved by the feedback light path; the invention can adopt an optical fiber structure device and has the advantage of miniaturization.

Description

Fine adjustable optical parametric oscillator with fast gain band switching
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser technology, in particular to an optical parametric oscillator with gain spectral bands capable of being rapidly switched and finely adjusted.
Background
An Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) is a nonlinear optical device that uses a nonlinear medium as a working medium. The working medium is arranged in the resonant cavity, generates a parametric conversion process under the action of the pump light, and forms laser output with the wavelength different from that of the pump light through the oscillation action of the resonant cavity. An Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) is an important means for solving the problem that the output wavelength of the existing gain medium cannot completely cover all wave bands, and has been widely applied to various scientific research fields due to the advantages of compact structure, convenient use, high power, wide wavelength coverage range and the like.
At present, an Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) mainly adopts adjustment methods such as pumping light source wavelength adjustment, nonlinear medium angle adjustment, nonlinear medium temperature adjustment and the like, and the methods have respective defects: the wavelength adjustment of a pumping light source easily causes the unlocking of a laser, and a special laser is needed; the nonlinear medium angle adjusting structure is complex and difficult to realize; the temperature of the nonlinear medium is difficult to be finely adjusted; they have the common disadvantage that the speed of wavelength change is slow and jump regulation cannot be achieved. The voltage regulation is researched internationally, and the regulation speed of the method is high, but the regulation width is narrow due to the limitation of the performance of the existing material, and is several orders of magnitude smaller than that of an Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) for regulating the angle of a nonlinear medium and the temperature of the nonlinear medium.
Based on the basic principle of the nonlinear process, the optical parametric process needs to satisfy the phase matching condition, the polarization state of the pump light is closely related to the phase matching condition, and the phase matching condition is affected by adjusting the polarization state of the pump light. Therefore, adjusting the polarization state of the pump light can realize the switching of Scalar Modulation Instability (SMI) and cross-phase modulation instability (XPMI) of four-wave mixing in the fiber parametric oscillator (OPO). The existing adjusting mode is generally adjusted in a certain gain band, such as SMI and XPMI, and the adjusting speed is not enough for some applications needing fast switching.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optical parametric oscillator with fast switching and fine adjustment of gain spectral bands, aiming at the problems of the existing optical parametric oscillator. The polarization controller is used for adjusting the polarization state of the pump light to realize the rapid switching between gain bands in the optical parametric oscillator, and the adjustable delay line is used for realizing the fine adjustment in the gain bands.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an optical parametric oscillator with fast gain band switching and fine adjustment comprises a pumping source, a polarization controller, an optical coupler, a double refraction type nonlinear medium, an output coupler, an output end, a feedback optical path consisting of a fixed delay line and an adjustable delay line, wherein the pumping light is sequentially connected, the pumping light output light enters the double refraction type nonlinear medium through the polarization controller and a wave combining end of the optical coupler, the polarization controller controls the polarization state of the pumping light input into the double refraction type nonlinear medium, the pumping light is output to the output coupler after four-wave mixing of the double refraction type nonlinear medium, one end of the output coupler is connected with the output end to output part of light, the other end of the output coupler is connected with the fixed delay line to feed back part of light, the feedback light is adjusted by the adjustable delay line and then returned to the optical coupler, and the feedback light and the pumping light jointly enter the double refraction type nonlinear medium through the optical coupler.
The polarization controller selects a wave plate or an optical fiber polarization controller.
The optical coupling selects a wavelength division multiplexer of an optical fiber structure or a dichroic mirror of a spatial structure.
The birefringent nonlinear medium can be replaced by a photonic crystal fiber, a four-wave mixing effect is generated in the birefringent nonlinear medium under the action of pump light, and a feedback optical signal is subjected to parametric amplification.
The fixed delay line in the feedback light path adopts a space light path or an optical fiber light path consisting of a single mode fiber and a polarization maintaining fiber, and the length is calculated according to the specific pump light repetition frequency.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the optical parametric oscillator with the rapidly switched and finely adjustable gain spectral bands can adjust the polarization state of pump light to achieve the phase matching condition of SMI and XPMI, realize the rapid switching between the two gain spectrums of the SMI and the XPMI and achieve the purpose of rapidly adjusting the wavelength of output light in a large range; an electrically controlled polarization controller can be used for realizing rapid polarization control, so that the output wavelength of the optical parametric oscillator can be rapidly adjusted; the optical parametric oscillator can finely adjust the output wavelength by adjusting the length of the parametric oscillator; the feedback delay of the invention leads the time domain width of the feedback pulse to be larger than the pumping pulse through the action of dispersion, and realizes extremely narrow output spectrum based on the dispersion filtering effect; the feedback light path improves the conversion efficiency of the optical parametric oscillator; the invention can adopt an optical fiber structure device and has the advantage of miniaturization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a gain band diagram of an optical parametric oscillator corresponding to different pump light polarization states in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an all-fiber gain band fast-switching and fine-tuning optical parametric oscillator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a spatial-type optical parametric oscillator with fast gain band switching and fine tuning according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the optical parametric oscillator with fast gain band switching and fine tuning function includes a pump source 1, a polarization controller 2, an optical coupler 3, a birefringent nonlinear medium 4, an output coupler 5, an output end 6, a fixed delay line 7 and a feedback optical path consisting of an adjustable delay line 8, which are connected in sequence, wherein the output light of the pump light 1 enters the birefringent nonlinear medium 4 through the polarization controller 2 and then through a combining end of the optical coupler 3, the pump light is four-wave mixed through the birefringent nonlinear medium 4 and then output to the output coupler 5, one end of the output coupler 5 is connected to the output end 6 to output part of the light, the other end is connected to the fixed delay line 7 to feed back part of the light, the feedback light is adjusted by the adjustable delay line 8 and then returned to the optical coupler 3, and the feedback light and the pump light jointly enter the birefringent nonlinear medium 4 through the optical coupler 3. Fig. 2 shows the gain bands of the optical parametric oscillator corresponding to different polarization states of the pump light, and adjusting the polarization state of the pump light can rapidly switch the gain bands of the optical parametric oscillator of the present invention, so as to achieve the object of the present invention.
The pump source 1 is a pulsed laser with linearly polarized output. The polarization controller 2 controls the polarization state of the pump light input to the birefringent nonlinear medium 4. The polarization controller 2 can adopt a wave plate and also can adopt an optical fiber polarization controller.
The optical coupler 3 may be a wavelength division multiplexer of a fiber structure or a dichroic mirror of a spatial structure, which in the present invention functions to couple the pump light and the feedback light into the birefringent nonlinear medium 4 together.
The birefringent nonlinear medium 4 can be photonic crystal fiber, or other birefringent nonlinear medium capable of generating nonlinear effect, and the function of the birefringent nonlinear medium is to generate four-wave mixing effect under the action of pump light, and to perform parametric amplification on the feedback signal when feedback exists.
The fixed delay line 7 in the feedback optical path adopts a space optical path or an optical fiber optical path consisting of a single mode fiber and a polarization maintaining fiber, and the length is calculated according to the specific pump light repetition frequency. The adjustable delay line 8 adopts an optical delay device or a delay motor.
The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 3, the tunable optical parametric oscillator is an all-fiber type gain band fast-switching and fine-tunable optical parametric oscillator.
The device comprises a rare earth ion doped fiber laser system as a pumping source, a Polarization Controller (PC), a Wavelength Division Multiplexer (WDM), a Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF), an Output Coupler (OC), a time-delay single-mode fiber and an optical time delay device.
In this embodiment, the rare-earth ion doped fiber laser system as the pumping source outputs laser with a wavelength of 1030nm and a repetition frequency of 2MHz, a Polarization Controller (PC) controls the polarization state of the pump light, and the pump light enters the photonic crystal fiber PCF via a wavelength division multiplexer WDM. The pump light with the wavelength of 1030nm generates four-wave mixing effect in the photonic crystal fiber PCF, and generates signal light between 780nm and 900nm to 1000 nm. The Output Coupler (OC) outputs part of the signal light, and the other part of the signal light is fed back to the photonic crystal fiber PCF through the time-delay single-mode fiber and the optical time delay device. The length of the time-delay single-mode optical fiber is determined by the repetition frequency of a pump source through the following formula:
Figure BDA0001538221010000041
and obtaining c is the speed of light, v is the repetition frequency of the pump light, and n is the refractive index of the time-delay single-mode fiber. The length of the single-mode delay fiber calculated by the embodiment is 100 meters, so that the fed-back signal light and the pump light are overlapped when entering the photonic crystal fiber. The signal light used for feedback is subjected to dispersion after passing through a 100-meter delay single-mode fiber, the signal light is broadened to be larger than the pulse width of the pump light in the time domain, so that the wavelength of the signal light which is superposed with the pump light can be controlled by adjusting the delay, the parametric amplification effect is generated in the photonic crystal fiber by the signal light wavelength which is superposed with the pump light, the power of the signal light is amplified, the amplified signal light is partially output by an Output Coupler (OC), and the partial amplified signal light is fed back again to circulate and reciprocate. When the polarization state of the pump light is coincident with the fast axis or the slow axis of the photonic crystal fiber PCF, Scalar Modulation Instability (SMI) occurs and signal light near 783nm and 787nm is generated respectively; when the polarization state of the pump light forms 45 degrees with the main axis of the photonic crystal fiber PCF, cross phase modulation instability (XPMI) occurs and signal light of 900 nm-1000 nm is generated. Fast switching of the gain band is achieved by adjusting the polarization state of the pump light, for example, output wavelength switching from 783nm to 950nm can be achieved directly. The adjustment precision of the optical delayer is 0.001ps, the corresponding center wavelength adjustment precision is 0.0002nm, and the fine adjustment of the output spectrum in a gain spectrum band is realized.
Example two: as shown in fig. 4, the optical parametric oscillator is a spatial gain band fast switching and fine tuning optical parametric oscillator.
The device comprises a rare earth ion doped fiber laser system serving as a pumping source, a half-wave plate 1/2, two dichroic mirrors DM, a lithium niobate crystal (PPLN), a delay reflector and a delay motor.
In this embodiment, the rare-earth ion doped fiber laser system serving as the pumping source outputs laser light with a wavelength of 1064nm and a repetition frequency of 2MHz, the half-wave plate controls the polarization state of the pumping light, and the pumping light enters the lithium niobate crystal (PPLN) through the dichroic mirror DM 1. The pump light with the wavelength of 1064nm generates four-wave mixing effect in a lithium niobate crystal (PPLN) to generate signal light between about 600nm and 800nm to 1000 nm. The dichroic mirror DM2 transmits and outputs a part of the signal light, and feeds back another part of the reflected signal light to a lithium niobate crystal (PPLN) through the delay mirror and the delay motor. The delay introduced by single reflection of the delay reflector is 1m, the feedback signal light is reflected for 100 times in the delay reflector, the total delay is 100m, and the delay is matched with the repetition frequency of the pump light. When the polarization state of the pump light is coincident with the fast axis or the slow axis of a lithium niobate crystal (PPLN), Scalar Modulation Instability (SMI) occurs, and signal lights near 600nm and 610nm are generated respectively; when the polarization state of the pump light forms 45 degrees with the main axis of the lithium niobate crystal (PPLN), the cross phase modulation instability (XPMI) occurs, and signal light of 800 nm-1000 nm is generated. The fast switching of the gain band is achieved by adjusting the polarization state of the pump light, for example, the output wavelength switching from 600nm to 1000nm can be directly realized, and the wavelength variation reaches 400 nm. The adjusting precision of the time delay motor is 0.001ps, the corresponding center wavelength adjusting precision is 0.0002nm, and the fine adjustment of the output spectrum in a gain spectrum band is realized.

Claims (3)

1. An optical parametric oscillator with fast switching and fine adjustable gain spectral bands is characterized by comprising a pumping source, a polarization controller, an optical coupler, a birefringent nonlinear medium, an output coupler, an output end, a feedback optical path consisting of a fixed delay line and an adjustable delay line which are connected in sequence, wherein the pumping light output light enters the birefringent nonlinear medium through the polarization controller and a wave combining end of the optical coupler, the polarization controller controls the polarization state of the pumping light input into the birefringent nonlinear medium, the pumping light is subjected to four-wave mixing through the birefringent nonlinear medium, the fast switching of the gain spectral bands corresponding to signal light generated by unstable modulation and unstable cross-phase modulation in the optical parametric oscillator is realized according to different included angles between the polarization state of the pumping light and fast and slow axes of the birefringent nonlinear medium, the gain spectral bands are output to the output coupler after fast switching, one end of the output coupler is connected with the output end to output part of the light, the other end is connected with a fixed delay line to feed back part of light, the feedback light is finely adjusted in a gain spectral band through an adjustable delay line and then returns to the optical coupler, and the feedback light and the pump light enter the birefringent nonlinear medium through the optical coupler together.
2. The gain band fast-switching and fine-tuning optical parametric oscillator of claim 1, wherein the polarization controller is selected from a wave plate or a fiber polarization controller.
3. The gain band fast-switching and fine-tunable optical parametric oscillator according to claim 1, wherein the birefringent nonlinear medium is replaced by a photonic crystal fiber, a four-wave mixing effect occurs inside the birefringent nonlinear medium under the action of pump light, and the feedback optical signal is parametrically amplified.
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