CN108154984A - A kind of porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod shape electromagnetic wave absorbent material and preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod shape electromagnetic wave absorbent material and preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108154984A CN108154984A CN201711433011.9A CN201711433011A CN108154984A CN 108154984 A CN108154984 A CN 108154984A CN 201711433011 A CN201711433011 A CN 201711433011A CN 108154984 A CN108154984 A CN 108154984A
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- ferroferric oxide
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- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000002073 nanorod Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229940056319 ferrosoferric oxide Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940044631 ferric chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Cl-].Cl[Fe+]Cl NQXWGWZJXJUMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 206010000210 abortion Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 231100000176 abortion Toxicity 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002447 crystallographic data Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CODVACFVSVNQPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[C] Chemical compound [Co].[C] CODVACFVSVNQPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001241 arc-discharge method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011807 nanoball Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/0036—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties showing low dimensional magnetism, i.e. spin rearrangements due to a restriction of dimensions, e.g. showing giant magnetoresistivity
- H01F1/0072—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties showing low dimensional magnetism, i.e. spin rearrangements due to a restriction of dimensions, e.g. showing giant magnetoresistivity one dimensional, i.e. linear or dendritic nanostructures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/02—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C01G49/08—Ferroso-ferric oxide [Fe3O4]
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- H01F1/0302—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity characterised by unspecified or heterogeneous hardness or specially adapted for magnetic hardness transitions
- H01F1/0311—Compounds
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- H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
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- H05K9/0081—Electromagnetic shielding materials, e.g. EMI, RFI shielding
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod shape electromagnetic wave absorbent materials and preparation method and application.The multiphase composite nano-powder that the porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material is made of carbon and ferroso-ferric oxide is the nanometer rods for the porous structure that length is 1.0 1.2 μm.Preparation method includes：It is dissolved in deionized water for raw material with ferric chloride hexahydrate, fumaric acid etc., reacts to obtain presoma, in a nitrogen atmosphere calcination processing, directly synthesize porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material.Gained porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material stability and uniformity are good, have the characteristics that good electro-magnetic wave absorption performance, absorption covering frequence range is wide, corrosion-resistant and oxidation resistance is strong and at low cost, for making electro-magnetic abortion film.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod electromagnetism that a kind of metallic framework derivative (MOF) is got
Wave absorbing material and preparation method and application belongs to electromagnetic wave absorbent material technical field.
Background technology
As telecommunication technology is in the high speed development of dual-use aspect, increasingly increased electromagnetic interference problem makes
Electromagnetic wave absorbent material is obtained to receive more and more attention.On the other hand, electromagnetic wave absorption material is as the important of stealth technology
Component part can be such that incident electromagnetic wave is converted the energy by dielectric loss under the premise of equipment shape is immovable
Thermal energy and absorbed, so as to reduce detected rate, improve and equip the survival rate of itself.Therefore electromagnetic wave absorption material technology is ground
Study carefully and its application on aircraft, naval vessel, tank and arrow bullet, be one of national defence new and high technology that countries in the world are given priority to.
In numerous potential absorbing materials, carbon material is since with large specific surface area, that rich reserves, manufacturing cost is low, density is low etc. is excellent
Point and be known as the hot spot studied, such as carbon nanotube, graphene, carbon fiber etc. has been reported that in the literature.However for a kind of suction
For wave material, a kind of absorbent properties of absorbing material are mainly determined by its dielectric constant and magnetic conductivity.According to impedance matching
Condition Zin=Z0(μr/εr)1/2, it only relies on single magnetic loss or dielectric loss is extremely difficult to impedance matching, and carbon material is made
For a kind of non-magnetic material, impedance matching effect is poor, limits its further development and application.In order to improve this point, researcher
By way of building composite material, carbon material and magnetic material are combined together, it is horizontal to improve impedance matching, and then
To the electro-magnetic wave absorption performance significantly improved.In addition, compared to magnetic metal materials such as iron, cobalt, nickel, ferroso-ferric oxide is because of tool
Have better inoxidizability and thermal stability, higher Curie temperature and as Recent study hot spot.Such as document
A kind of Fe is prepared in J.Phys.Chem.C, 2011,115 (14025)3O4/ C nano stick, and absorption maximum is strong under the thickness of 2mm
Degree reaches -27.9dB.Document ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces 2014,6 (12997) report a kind of nucleocapsid
Fe3O4/ C nano ball reaches 20.0dB in 13.4GHz reflection losses.
According to document report now, the means for preparing the carbon nano-composite material of ferriferrous oxide particles modification usually have two
Kind.The first is under protective atmosphere, and organic polymer and metal salt or oxide are mixed, under the action of high temperature, had
The carbon that machine macromolecule decomposites makees reducing agent, obtains metal oxide；Second method is direct progress electronation, first will
The metal oxide of high price is compound with carbon, is then directly restored, such as gamma-radiation method；In addition with chemical vapor deposition,
Arc discharge method etc., but often all there is the drawbacks of penetrating complex steps, equipment is complicated in these methods.In recent years, pass through metal
The means that skeleton derivative (MOF) prepares C-base composte material receive the growing interest of researchers.In MOF simultaneously containing carbon and
Metal ion had both acted as carbon source and has also provided raw metal in this way, and the polymerization and reduction of metal ion can be carried out at the same time.
On the other hand, often there is porous structure by the MOF metals got or oxide, is more conducive to electro-magnetic wave absorption.Text
It offers ACS Appl.Mater.Interfaces 2015,7 (13604) and reports a kind of porous cobalt-carbon multi-panel got by MOF
Body, absorption maximum intensity is -35.3dB under the thickness of 4mm.However, metallic cobalt simple substance oxidation resistance is weak, it is unfavorable for inhaling wave
The stability of material.Therefore, the present invention proposes by the MOF ferroferric oxide/carbon materials got and its is inhaling answering for wave field
With.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of low cost, easily system for deficiency existing for existing ferroso-ferric oxide electromagnetic wave absorbent material
Standby, high-selenium corn electromagnetic wave porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite electromagnetic absorption material and preparation method thereof.
The present invention also provides the applications of porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite granule.
Summary of the invention
The present invention prepares porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nanometer using the synthetic route calcined under solvent heat and protective atmosphere
Rod composite material, this composite material have saturated magnetization rate high, and coercivity is big, and lightweight, oxidation resistance is strong, electromagnetic wave absorbability
The features such as energy is excellent, and preparation process is simple and at low cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite electromagnetic absorption material, is made of carbon and ferroso-ferric oxide
Multiphase composite nano-powder；Wherein, ferriferrous oxide particles are embedded in inside the lamella of carbon, form the monodisperse of porous structure
Nanometer rods.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the size of the composite electromagnetic absorption material is 1.0-1.2 μm, aperture 1-
20nm.Pore structure is present between ferriferrous oxide particles and inside nano-carbon layer.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the size of the ferriferrous oxide particles is 40-50nm.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, in the porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material, carbon and four oxidations three
The mass ratio of iron is (1-40):(60-99).
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the carbon is agraphitic carbon.
Porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material electromagnetic wave absorbent material of the present invention, saturated magnetization rate
52.6emu/g, coercivity HcjUp to 100.8Oe；Porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material contains in manufactured absorber
Amount is in 40% mass ratio, manufactured absorber electro-magnetic wave absorption RL in 2-17.5GHz frequency ranges<- 10dB, i.e., 90%
Electromagnetic wave is absorbed.
According to the present invention, a kind of preparation method of porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite electromagnetic absorption material, packet
It is as follows to include step：
(1) using trivalent inorganic molysite and fumaric acid as the raw material of synthesisization ferroso-ferric oxide presoma, deionized water
As solvent；By the inorganic molysite and fumaric acid in molar ratio 1：1 is dissolved in deionized water, in confined conditions in
100-400 DEG C is reacted 2-30 hours, and product is washed after the completion of reaction, is dried, and presoma is made；
(2) presoma is placed in nitrogen atmosphere tube furnace, keeps the temperature 1-5 hours in 500 DEG C -1000 DEG C, be made porous four
Fe 3 O/carbon nano rod composite material.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the reaction temperature in step (1) is 100-200 DEG C, and the reaction time is 1-10 hours.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, inorganic molysite described in step (1), fumaric molar ratio are 1:1；
Preferably, the trivalent inorganic molysite is ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O)。
In step (1) of the present invention, the dosage of solvent deionized water need not be particularly limited to, routinely meltage.
, according to the invention it is preferred to, the reaction temperature in step (2) is 500-900 DEG C, and the reaction time is 1-5 hours.
Step (2) of the present invention is to be reacted in tube furnace in a nitrogen atmosphere, and porous ferroferric oxide/carbon is directly made
Nanometer rod composite material.
The reaction principle of the present invention is as follows：
Under hydrothermal conditions, such as ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O the Fe in)3+It is generated with fumaric acid dissolving
Ion complexation reaction generation presoma precipitation, pattern is the club shaped structure of 1.0-1.2 μm of length.It is forged by subsequent nitrogen atmosphere
Burning is handled, and the carbon in the complex compound is pyrolyzed, the carbon isolated is as reducing agent, by ferric ion at high temperature as carbon source
Ferrous iron is reduced into, ferroferric oxide nano granules is formed, is increased with reaction temperature, time lengthening, gradually reaction forms four oxygen
Change the particle studded club shaped structure in carbon-coating of three-iron.Pore structure is primarily present between ferriferrous oxide particles and nano-carbon layer
It is internal.
Porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material of the present invention has very high saturated magnetization rate (52.6emu/
G), big coercivity Hcj(up to 100.8Oe), even if it can also keep very high magnetic permeability in the range of high frequency, be prepare it is thin
Electromagnetic wave absorbing layer precondition.The resistivity of the amorphous carbon of measuring is 1*104Ω m, are far longer than metallic magnetic
The resistivity (10 of body-6-10-8Ω m), so carbon is wrapped in the resistivity for increasing material on ferroferric oxide nano granules, inhibit
Eddy current loss, so as to improving the electro-magnetic wave absorption performance of material, electro-magnetic wave absorption frequency range 2-17.5GHz, absorption intensity
- 37.7dB is reached.Carbon also has the characteristics that lightweight, inexpensive, therefore can prepare lightweight, thickness with this nanocomposite
Thin electromagnetic wave absorb, with excellent electro-magnetic wave absorption performance and important actual application value.
The application of porous ferroferric oxide of the present invention/carbon nano rod composite material, as one of following material：It is 1. wireless
It is electromagnetically shielded in electric communication system, the electromagnetic radiation and leakage of 2. anti-high frequencies, microwave heating equipment, 3. construction microwave dark rooms, 4.
Stealth technology.
Further, the application of porous ferroferric oxide of the present invention/carbon nano rod composite material, by this ferroso-ferric oxide/
The ratio of carbon nano-composite material in mass ratio 40% is mixed with paraffin, and the absorber is in 2-17.5GHz frequency range internal reflections
Loss is less than -10 decibels of (RL<- 10dB), i.e., 90% electromagnetic wave is absorbed.
The present invention has following excellent results compared with prior art：
(1) the simple for process of this porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material is synthesized, the hardware for not needing to be complicated is set
Standby, environmentally safe, cost of manufacture is relatively low.
(2) prepare porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material particle size and be evenly distributed, it is anti-oxidant and
Corrosion resistance is strong.
(3) good with absorbing property by electromagnetic wave absorb prepared by this composite material, absorption frequency coverage area is wide, inhales
The characteristics of receipts layer thickness is thin, light weight can operate with electromagnetic shielding, anti-high frequency and microwave heating etc. in radio communication system and set
Standby electromagnetic radiation and leakage, construction microwave dark room and stealth technology etc. fields.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is 1 gained presoma XRD diffracting spectrums of embodiment and porous four oxidation three obtained without temperature lower calcination
The XRD diffracting spectrums of iron/carbon nano rod composite material.
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of 1 gained presoma of embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope of porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material under 1 gained different temperatures of embodiment
Figure, wherein figure a is 500 DEG C, figure b is 600 DEG C.
Fig. 4 is the transmission electron microscope picture of 1 gained porous ferroferric oxide of embodiment/carbon nano rod composite material.Wherein, 1, four
Fe 3 O particle, 2, nano-carbon layer.
Fig. 5 is the magnetism testing curve of 1 gained porous ferroferric oxide of embodiment/carbon nano rod composite material.
Fig. 6 is the electro-magnetic wave absorption curve of 1 gained of embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the electro-magnetic wave absorption curve of 3 gained of comparative example.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to specific embodiment.
The instrument that embodiment measures electro-magnetic wave absorption is Agilent Technologies E8363A electromagnetic wave vector networks
Analyzer.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite electromagnetic absorber is 1.0-1.2 μ by monodispersed, size
The nanometer rods composition of m, the porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material microscopic appearance are inlayed for ferriferrous oxide particles
Inside nano-sized carbon lamella.
To FeCl3·6H2O and the raw material that fumaric acid is synthesisization ferroso-ferric oxide presoma, deionized water conduct
Solvent.By the inorganic molysite and fumaric acid in molar ratio 1：1 is dissolved in deionized water, in confined conditions in 200 DEG C
Reaction 10 hours, washs product after the completion of reaction, is dried, and presoma is made；Presoma is then placed in nitrogen atmosphere
In tube furnace, 1 hour is kept the temperature in 500 DEG C, porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material is made.
Gained porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material by TG test carbon and ferroso-ferric oxide content point
It Wei 20% and 80%.
The X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) (such as Fig. 1) of gained sample shows synthesized porous ferroferric oxide/carbon
Nanometer rod composite material is the ferroso-ferric oxide of face-centred cubic structure, and compares (JCPDS-190629) with standard diffraction data
Show that the ferroso-ferric oxide purity of synthesis is very high, carbon is in XRD without peak.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Fig. 2) shows
The dispersed nano lamella that presoma is about 1.0-1.2 μm for length, scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Fig. 3) and transmitted electron
Microscope (TEM) (Fig. 4) shows that porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material of synthesis is by ferroso-ferric oxide
What particle and nano-sized carbon lamella formed, ferroso-ferric oxide is embedded in inside the lamella of carbon.Ferriferrous oxide particles size is 40-
50nm.Learn that the pore size of three-dimensional porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nanocomposite is 1-20nm through BET tests.
Synthesized three-dimensional porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nanocomposite sample is characterized with VSM magnetometers
The results show that sample has the saturated magnetization rate of 52.6emu/g, less than the saturated magnetization rate (92emu/ of block ferroso-ferric oxide
G), coercivity HcjUp to 100.8Oe, referring to Fig. 5.
Electromagnetic wave absorb is made, and carry out with porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material powder of embodiment 1
Test experiments are as follows：
The ratio of porous ferroferric oxide obtained/carbon nano rod composite material powder in mass ratio 40% is mixed with paraffin
Both ring sam (D is pressed into after conjunctionOutside×dIt is interior× h=7 × 3.04 × 2.0mm), relevant parameter μrAnd εrUse Agilent
TechnologiesE8363A electromagnetic wave vector network analyzers measure, and reflection loss is by μr、εr, absorption frequency and sample thickness
Degree determines.The ε measuredr' in 3.4-13.2GHz there is smaller fluctuation, value is slowly reduced to later between 8.2-11.5
2.2。εr" in 10.6GHz and 15.9GHz, there are two formants respectively, value is respectively 1.9 and 3.2.μr' and μr" all it is first to drop
It being increased after low, variation range is respectively 0.5-1.0 and 0-0.4, and absorption peak minimum value is -37.7dB, and absorptivity is less than -
The bandwidth of 10dB is 15.5GHz, and electro-magnetic wave absorption curve is as shown in Figure 6.
Embodiment 2：
As described in Example 1, except that：When preparing presoma, added molysite and fumaric molar ratio are
1:2, porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material is prepared, scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows synthesis
Porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite gauge be 0.6-0.8 μm.
X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) shows that synthesized porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material is face
The ferroso-ferric oxide of heart cubic structure, and compare (JCPDS-190629) with standard diffraction data and show that the four of synthesis aoxidizes three
Iron purity is very high, and carbon is in XRD without peak.With VSM magnetometers to synthesized porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material
The result that sample is characterized shows the coercivity (H of saturated magnetization rate and 150.2Oe of the sample with 58.6emu/gcj)。
Embodiment 3：
As described in Example 1, it except that the temperature kept the temperature under nitrogen atmosphere is increased to 600 DEG C, is prepared
Porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material, X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) show synthesized porous four oxidation
Three-iron/carbon nano rod microballoon is the ferroso-ferric oxide of face-centred cubic structure, and shows synthesis with standard diffraction data comparison
Ferroso-ferric oxide purity is very high, and carbon is in XRD without peak.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows porous four oxidation of synthesis
Three-iron/carbon nano rod composite gauge is 1.0-1.2 μm.
Comparative example 1：
As described in Example 1, except that when preparing presoma, holding temperature is increased to 1000 DEG C.Scanning electron
Microscope (SEM) shows to be formed without complete club shaped structure, is large grained.
X-ray powder diffraction pattern (XRD) shows that synthesized porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material is body
The iron of heart cubic structure, and show that the iron purity of synthesis is very high with standard diffraction data comparison, carbon has peak in XRD.
Comparative example 2：
Porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material after acidification makes the test experiments of electromagnetic wave absorb
Porous ferroferric oxide made from embodiment 1/carbon nano rod composite granule is dissolved in certain density dilute hydrochloric acid,
Acidification is carried out, leaves behind nonmagnetic carbon.Then in mass ratio 40% ratio is pressed into Both ring sam after being mixed with paraffin
(DOutside×dIt is interior× h=7 × 3.04 × 2.0mm), relevant parameter μrAnd εrWith Agilent Technologies E8363A electromagnetic waves
Vector network analyzer measures, and reflection loss is by μr、εr, absorption frequency and sample thickness determine.Its reflection loss value maximum value
In -10dB hereinafter, absorbent properties are poor, electro-magnetic wave absorption curve is shown in Fig. 7.Thus illustrate porous four oxygen that the present invention synthesizes
Changing three-iron/carbon nano rod composite material can effectively combine magnetic loss and dielectric loss, improve impedance matching level, have
Excellent electro-magnetic wave absorption performance.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite electromagnetic absorption material, which is characterized in that the composite electromagnetic is inhaled
Receive the multiphase composite nano-powder that material is made of carbon and ferroso-ferric oxide；Wherein, ferriferrous oxide particles are embedded in carbon
Inside lamella, the dispersed nano stick of porous structure is formed.
2. porous ferroferric oxide according to claim 1/carbon nano rod composite electromagnetic absorption material, feature exist
In the size of the composite electromagnetic absorption material is 1.0-1.2 μm, aperture 1-20nm.
3. porous ferroferric oxide according to claim 1/carbon nano rod composite electromagnetic absorption material, feature exist
In the size of the ferriferrous oxide particles is 40-50nm.
4. porous ferroferric oxide according to claim 1/carbon nano rod composite electromagnetic absorption material, feature exist
In in the porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material, the mass ratio of carbon and ferroso-ferric oxide is (1-40):(60-
99)。
5. porous ferroferric oxide according to claim 1/carbon nano rod composite electromagnetic absorption material, feature exist
In the porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material electromagnetic wave absorbent material, saturated magnetization rate 52.6emu/g is rectified
Stupid power HcjFor 100.8Oe.
6. the preparation of claim 1-5 any one of them porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite electromagnetic absorption material
Method is as follows including step：
(1) using trivalent inorganic molysite and fumaric acid as the raw material of synthesisization ferroso-ferric oxide presoma, deionized water conduct
Solvent；By the inorganic molysite and fumaric acid in molar ratio 1：1 is dissolved in deionized water, in confined conditions in 100-
400 DEG C are reacted 2-30 hours, and product is washed after the completion of reaction, is dried, and presoma is made；
(2) presoma is placed in nitrogen atmosphere tube furnace, 1-5 hours is kept the temperature in 500 DEG C -1000 DEG C, porous four oxidation is made
Three-iron/carbon nano rod composite material.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the reaction temperature in step (1) is 100-200 DEG C,
Reaction time is 1-10 hours.
8. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that inorganic molysite, fumaric acid described in step (1)
Molar ratio be 1:1；
Preferably, the trivalent inorganic molysite is ferric chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3·6H2O)。
9. preparation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the reaction temperature in step (2) is 500-900 DEG C,
Reaction time is 1-5 hours.
10. the application of claim 1-5 any one of them porous ferroferric oxide/carbon nano rod composite material material, is used as
One of following material：Electromagnetic shielding material in radio communication system, anti-high frequency, microwave heating equipment electromagnetic radiation and let out
Material is leaked, constructs microwave dark room material or stealth material；
Preferably, porous ferroferric oxide/carbon in the porous ferroferric oxide/absorber made of carbon nano rod composite material
For nanometer rod composite material mass content at 40%, which reaches electro-magnetic wave absorption RL in 2-17.5GHz frequency ranges
<-10dB。
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