CN108154152A - A kind of flame temp measuring method - Google Patents
A kind of flame temp measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108154152A CN108154152A CN201711344505.XA CN201711344505A CN108154152A CN 108154152 A CN108154152 A CN 108154152A CN 201711344505 A CN201711344505 A CN 201711344505A CN 108154152 A CN108154152 A CN 108154152A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910017435 S2 In Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003818 cinder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/20—Image preprocessing
- G06V10/28—Quantising the image, e.g. histogram thresholding for discrimination between background and foreground patterns
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0014—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiation from gases, flames
- G01J5/0018—Flames, plasma or welding
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
- G06V10/70—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding using pattern recognition or machine learning
- G06V10/74—Image or video pattern matching; Proximity measures in feature spaces
- G06V10/75—Organisation of the matching processes, e.g. simultaneous or sequential comparisons of image or video features; Coarse-fine approaches, e.g. multi-scale approaches; using context analysis; Selection of dictionaries
- G06V10/751—Comparing pixel values or logical combinations thereof, or feature values having positional relevance, e.g. template matching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J2005/0077—Imaging
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of flame temp measuring methods.The present invention obtains multiple images of flame in a short time by high-speed camera, and pass through and image is set as grayscale mode, the picture point of unburned particulate object in image is captured, and is compared according to the quantity of unburned particulate object in unit area with flame temperature threshold values, obtains flame temperature.The method of the present invention is by obtaining the image of flame, the quantity of unburned particulate object flown upward during flame combustion is obtained by the simple process to image, and the quantity of unburned particulate object by flying upward compared with threshold values, obtains the temperature of flame combustion, this method is simple and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods for measuring flame temperature.
Background technology
Flame is the mixed of fuel and various intermediate products and final product gaseous and that vigorous oxidation reaction is occurring
Close object.In coal chemical industry, chemical field, on high temperature, high-pressure reactor (or gasification furnace), flame detector is typically mounted at gasification
The top or middle and lower part of stove, for the monitoring of gasification furnace burning.In gasification furnace normal course of operation, due to in-furnace temperature very
Height reaches 1600-2000 DEG C, therefore there is greatly difficulty using thermocouple direct temperature measurement.If pass through the various of flame emission
Ray carries out actinometry, and the ray emitted after burning because of different comburants is different, and excessive there are ray type, and measurement is got up
Difficulty is very big.
In view of the above shortcomings, the designer, is actively subject to research and innovation, to found a kind of novel flame thermometric side
Method makes it with more the utility value in industry.
Invention content
In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of flame thermometric, to solve existing skill
Art measures the deficiency of flame temperature, and by the measurement to indoor temperature of burning, the safety and stability of combustion chamber is greatly improved.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of flame temp measuring method, which is characterized in that including following steps：
S1, Image Acquisition, multiple images for the interior flame that burnt by high speed camera continuous acquisition, and by multiple images
It is named as P successively1、P2、P3···Pn, two adjacent successively figures are calculated as one group of picture group, are named as Z1、Z2、
Z3···Zn；
S2, the step S1 pictures acquired are adjusted to grayscale mode, take picture group Z1In two pictures P1And P2, scheming
Piece P1And P2It is upper to choose identical region, each pixel in selection area is scanned, and calculate the gray value of each pixel,
Two neighboring pixel gray value ratio in the same area is calculated again, if the gray level ratio of any two adjacent pixel is in
The section of 0.95-1, then be denoted as same class pixel by two neighboring pixel, and multiple same class pixels are obtained in the same area
The picture point of formation, by picture group Z1Middle picture P1Obtained picture point is denoted as P1(X1、X2、X3···Xn), by picture group Z1In
Picture P2In obtained picture point be denoted as P2(Y1、Y2、Y3···Yn)；
S3, P1 the and P2 pixels obtained in step S2 are formed into pixel groups (X1Y1、X2Y2、X3Y3、···XnYn), it will
Picture P1 and picture P2 is overlapped, and calculates pixel groups (X1Y1、X2Y2、X3Y3、···XnYn) nearest two pixels distance (L1、
L2、L3···Ln), it will be apart from (L1、L2、L3···Ln) and apart from threshold values LmIt is compared, threshold values L will be less thanmThe picture of distance
Plain group is denoted as M (M1、M2、M3···Mn), since the image-region area of selection is certain, it is less than threshold values LmThe pixel of distance
Number in group is definite value, by picture group Z1In obtained definite value be denoted as M1；
S4, above step is repeated, obtains picture group Z2、Z3···ZnDefinite value M2, M3Mn, obtain data group
M1, M2, M3Mn, it is one group to choose 10 numerical value successively since M1, calculates the variance for choosing numerical value group successively, works as number
When the variance of value group is less than 1, determines that the data of the numerical value group are effective, take the definite value average value of the numerical value group
S5, according to the average valuePixel average A in unit of account region area, and by average value A and preset valve
Value compares, and preset threshold values corresponds to different flame temperatures according to the size of threshold values, i.e., obtains flame temperature by average value A
Degree.
Further, the computational methods of the gray value of the pixel are as follows, read the rgb value of each pixel, root
It is calculated according to formula Gray=R*0.3+G*0.59+B*0.11.
Further, the computational methods of the gray value of the pixel are as follows, read the rgb value of each pixel, root
It is calculated according to formula Gray=(R+G+B)/3.
Further, the number of the pixel of same class pixel is less than 30 in the step S2, if two neighboring pixel
The number of pixels that gray value ratio is in 0.95-1 sections is more than 30, then without statistics.
Further, apart from threshold values L in the step S3mFor distance (L1、L2、L3···Ln) average value.
Further, nearest two picture points are calculated in the step S3 is apart from specific method：
Using two farthest pixels of distance in picture point X1/Y1 as diameter, and drawn with the diameter and wrap up the picture point
Circle, calculate the distance between center of circle of package picture point X1 and picture point Y1 circles, then subtract the radius of package picture point X1 circles
The distance between the radius of package picture point Y1 circles, as two picture points.
Further, when the circle for wrapping up picture point X1 and wrapping up picture point Y1 has intersection point, then the pixel is not counted
Group.
Further, when more than two circles of the distance between package picture point X1 and the center of circle of circle for wrapping up picture point Y1 are straight
When the three times of the sum of diameter, then the pixel groups are not counted.
Further, it is divided into 0.05-0.1s between the step S1 high speeds camera continuous acquisition image.
Further, it is calculated in the step S2 in the same area before two neighboring pixel gray value ratio, by picture
The pixel that vegetarian refreshments gray value is less than 50 excludes.
According to the above aspect of the present invention, the present invention has at least the following advantages：
The method of the present invention obtains flying during flame combustion by obtaining the image of flame, by the simple process to image
The quantity of unburned particulate object raised, and the quantity of unburned particulate object by flying upward compared with threshold values, obtains flame
The temperature of burning, this method are simple and reliable.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention is furthur described in detail.Following embodiment is used for
Illustrate the present invention, but be not limited to the scope of the present invention.
The operation principle of the present invention is as follows：
In coal burning heating process, the ashes after a certain number of unburned particulate objects and burning can be raised, and works as and raises
It is that burning particles object and ashes quantity tend towards stability to rise, i.e., when quantity reaches an equilibrium state, the temperature of flame is
To be certain, therefore the temperature of flame can be determined according to the quantity for raising unburned particulate object in flame in unit area,
The corresponding threshold temperature of unburned particulate object only need to be measured, the later stage need to only measure the quantity of unburned particulate object.
The present invention specific assay method be：
A kind of flame temp measuring method, including following steps：
S1, Image Acquisition, multiple images for the interior flame that burnt by high speed camera continuous acquisition, and by multiple images
It is named as P successively1、P2、P3···Pn, two adjacent successively figures are calculated as one group of picture group, are named as Z1、Z2、
Z3···Zn；
0.05-0.1s is divided between the step high speed camera continuous acquisition image, in order to determine to be raised in different pictures
The image of the particulate matter change in displacement risen, therefore time interval is unsuitable too long；
S2, the step S1 pictures acquired are adjusted to grayscale mode, take picture group Z1In two pictures P1And P2, scheming
Piece P1And P2It is upper to choose identical region, each pixel in selection area is scanned, and calculate the gray value of each pixel,
Two neighboring pixel gray value ratio in the same area is calculated again, if the gray level ratio of any two adjacent pixel is in
The section of 0.95-1, then be denoted as same class pixel by two neighboring pixel, and multiple same class pixels are obtained in the same area
The picture point of formation, by picture group Z1Middle picture P1Obtained picture point is denoted as P1(X1、X2、X3···Xn), by picture group Z1In
Picture P2In obtained picture point be denoted as P2(Y1、Y2、Y3···Yn)；
It is calculating in the same area before two neighboring pixel gray value ratio, is being less than 50 by pixel gray value
Pixel excludes, and the smaller pixel of gray value is generally the gray value of picture background or flame, therefore removes；
The number of the pixel of same class pixel is less than 30 simultaneously, if two neighboring pixel gray value ratio is in
The number of pixels in 0.95-1 sections is more than 30, then without statistics, the too big point of pixel does not have statistical significance；
The specific method for calculating gray value is to read the rgb value of each pixel, according to formula Gray=R*0.3+
G*0.59+B*0.11 is calculated or is calculated according to formula Gray=(R+G+B)/3.
The main purpose of this step is in the image by acquisition, and unburned particulate matter and ashes are captured；
S3, P1 the and P2 pixels obtained in step S2 are formed into pixel groups (X1Y1、X2Y2、X3Y3、···XnYn), it will
Picture P1 and picture P2 is overlapped, and calculates pixel groups (X1Y1、X2Y2、X3Y3、···XnYn) nearest two pixels distance (L1、
L2、L3···Ln), it will be apart from (L1、L2、L3···Ln) and apart from threshold values LmIt is compared, threshold values L will be less thanmThe picture of distance
Plain group is denoted as M (M1、M2、M3···Mn), since the image-region area of selection is certain, it is less than threshold values LmThe pixel of distance
Number in group is definite value, by picture group Z1In obtained definite value be denoted as M1；
Calculate nearest two picture points is apart from specific method：
With picture point X1/Y1Two farthest pixels of middle distance are diameter, and are drawn with the diameter and wrap up the picture point
Circle calculates package picture point X1With picture point Y1The distance between round center of circle, then subtract package picture point X1Round radius and packet
Wrap up in picture point Y1The distance between round radius, as two picture points.As package picture point X1With package picture point Y1Circle have
When intersection point, then the pixel groups are not counted.As package picture point X1With package picture point Y1The distance between the center of circle of circle it is big
When the three times of the sum of two circular diameters, then the pixel groups are not counted.
Threshold values LmFor distance (L1、L2、L3···Ln) average value, due to the weight of unburned particulate matter and ashes not
Together, during raising, the speed raised is also different, therefore on two different pictures, by it is identical when
Between, the displacement of unburned particulate matter and ashes is also different, therefore in this way, by unburned particulate matter and ash
Cinder distinguishes；
Unburned particulate matter and ashes is are distinguished by the purpose of this step.
S4, above step is repeated, obtains picture group Z2、Z3···ZnDefinite value M2, M3Mn, obtain data group
M1, M2, M3Mn, it is one group to choose 10 numerical value successively since M1, calculates the variance for choosing numerical value group successively, works as number
When the variance of value group is less than 1, determines that the data of the numerical value group are effective, take the definite value average value of the numerical value group
The purpose of this step is that the quantity stability of particulate matter is counted by variance, when the quantity of particle changes again
When temperature also changing, only when the quantity of particulate matter be stable state, temperature just stabilization.
S5, according to the average valuePixel average A in unit of account region area, and by average value A and preset valve
Value compares, and preset threshold values corresponds to different flame temperatures according to the size of threshold values, i.e., obtains flame temperature by average value A
Degree.
By the comparison of particulate matter and threshold values, the temperature of flame is obtained.
The method of the present invention obtains flying during flame combustion by obtaining the image of flame, by the simple process to image
The quantity of unburned particulate object raised, and the quantity of unburned particulate object by flying upward compared with threshold values, obtains flame
The temperature of burning, this method are simple and reliable.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is noted that for this skill
For the those of ordinary skill in art field, without departing from the technical principles of the invention, can also make it is several improvement and
Modification, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of flame temp measuring method, which is characterized in that including following steps：
S1, Image Acquisition, multiple images for the interior flame that burnt by high speed camera continuous acquisition, and by multiple images successively
It is named as P1、P2、P3···Pn, two adjacent successively figures are calculated as one group of picture group, are named as Z1、Z2、Z3···Zn；
S2, the step S1 pictures acquired are adjusted to grayscale mode, take picture group Z1In two pictures P1And P2, in picture P1With
P2It is upper to choose identical region, each pixel in selection area is scanned, and calculate the gray value of each pixel, then calculate
Two neighboring pixel gray value ratio in the same area, if the gray level ratio of any two adjacent pixel is in the area of 0.95-1
Between, then two neighboring pixel is denoted as same class pixel, the image that multiple same class pixels are formed is obtained in the same area
Point, by picture group Z1Middle picture P1Obtained picture point is denoted as P1(X1、X2、X3···Xn), by picture group Z1Middle picture P2In
To picture point be denoted as P2(Y1、Y2、Y3···Yn)；
S3, P1 the and P2 pixels obtained in step S2 are formed into pixel groups (X1Y1、X2Y2、X3Y3、···XnYn), by picture
P1 and picture P2 is overlapped, and calculates pixel groups (X1Y1、X2Y2、X3Y3、···XnYn) nearest two pixels distance (L1、L2、
L3···Ln), it will be apart from (L1、L2、L3···Ln) and apart from threshold values LmIt is compared, threshold values L will be less thanmThe pixel of distance
Group is denoted as M (M1、M2、M3···Mn), since the image-region area of selection is certain, it is less than threshold values LmThe pixel groups of distance
In number for definite value, by picture group Z1In obtained definite value be denoted as M1；
S4, above step is repeated, obtains picture group Z2、Z3···ZnDefinite value M2, M3Mn, obtain data group M1,
M2, M3Mn, it is one group to choose 10 numerical value successively since M1, calculates the variance for choosing numerical value group successively, works as numerical value
When the variance of group is less than 1, determines that the data of the numerical value group are effective, take the definite value average value of the numerical value group
S5, according to the average valuePixel average A in unit of account region area, and by average value A and preset threshold values phase
Compare, preset threshold values is according to valve1The size of value corresponds to different flame temperatures, i.e., obtains flame temperature by average value A.
2. a kind of flame temp measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The calculating of the gray value of the pixel
Method is as follows, reads the rgb value of each pixel, is calculated according to formula Gray=R*0.3+G*0.59+B*0.11.
3. a kind of flame temp measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The calculating of the gray value of the pixel
Method is as follows, reads the rgb value of each pixel, is calculated according to formula Gray=(R+G+B)/3.
4. a kind of flame temp measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Same class pixel in the step S2
The number of pixel is less than 30, if the number of pixels that two neighboring pixel gray value ratio is in 0.95-1 sections is more than 30,
Then without statistics.
5. a kind of flame temp measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Apart from threshold values L in the step S3mFor
Distance (L1、L2、L3···Ln) average value.
6. a kind of flame temp measuring method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that nearest two are calculated in the step S3
Picture point is apart from specific method：
With picture point X1/Y1Two farthest pixels of middle distance are diameter, and the circle for wrapping up the picture point is drawn with the diameter,
Calculate package picture point X1With picture point Y1The distance between round center of circle, then subtract package picture point X1Round radius and package
Picture point Y1The distance between round radius, as two picture points.
7. a kind of flame temp measuring method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that as package picture point X1With package image
Point Y1Circle when have intersection point, then do not count the pixel groups.
8. a kind of flame temp measuring method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that as package picture point X1With package image
Point Y1The distance between the center of circle of circle when be more than the three times of the sum of two circular diameters, then do not count the pixel groups.
9. a kind of flame temp measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step S1 high speeds camera connects
0.05-0.1s is divided between continuous acquisition image.
10. a kind of flame temp measuring method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Same area is calculated in the step S2
In domain before two neighboring pixel gray value ratio, the pixel that pixel gray value is less than 50 is excluded.
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| CN109900366A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-18 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of method and device detecting arrester temperature anomaly point |
| CN111238663A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-06-05 | 华北电力大学 | Method for measuring biomass flame temperature and emissivity based on Rayleigh approximation |
| CN111238662A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-06-05 | 华北电力大学 | Method for measuring temperature and emissivity of hydrocarbon fuming flame based on radiation spectral line |
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| CN108154152B (en) | 2021-03-23 |
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