CN108149788A - A kind of assembling frame structure and its construction method - Google Patents
A kind of assembling frame structure and its construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108149788A CN108149788A CN201810049119.6A CN201810049119A CN108149788A CN 108149788 A CN108149788 A CN 108149788A CN 201810049119 A CN201810049119 A CN 201810049119A CN 108149788 A CN108149788 A CN 108149788A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011376 self-consolidating concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
- E04B1/20—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of concrete, e.g. reinforced concrete, or other stonelike material
- E04B1/21—Connections specially adapted therefor
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- Architecture (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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- Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及建筑工程技术领域,尤其涉及一种装配式框架结构及其施工方法。The invention relates to the technical field of construction engineering, in particular to an assembled frame structure and a construction method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
框架结构是由梁、柱等构件通过节点连接而成的一种结构形式,因其具有建筑平面布置、空间分隔灵活,可获得大空间,节省材料,自重轻等优点,广泛应用于住宅、教学楼、办公楼、图书馆等建筑中。框架结构通常采用现场浇筑的方式进行施工,这种做法一般工期较长,工程质量严重依赖于现场工人的水平,且浪费建材,污染环境,属于粗放型经济的典型代表,不符合建筑工业化的要求。此外,框架结构因楼板对梁的加强作用使得地震作用下很难实现强柱弱梁的破坏模式。The frame structure is a structural form formed by connecting beams, columns and other components through joints. Because of its architectural layout, flexible space separation, large space, material saving, and light weight, it is widely used in residential buildings and teaching. Buildings, office buildings, libraries and other buildings. The frame structure is usually constructed by pouring on site. This method generally has a long construction period, and the quality of the project depends heavily on the level of on-site workers. It also wastes building materials and pollutes the environment. It is a typical representative of extensive economy and does not meet the requirements of industrialization of construction. . In addition, due to the strengthening effect of the floor on the beams of the frame structure, it is difficult to realize the failure mode of strong columns and weak beams under earthquake action.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中存在的技术问题,本发明的目的是:提供一种装配式框架结构,可以缩短施工所需的工期,降低造价,并实现框架结构强柱弱梁的效果。In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an assembled frame structure, which can shorten the construction period required for construction, reduce the cost, and realize the effect of strong columns and weak beams in the frame structure.
本发明的另一目的是:提供一种装配式框架结构的施工方法,可以缩短施工所需的工期,降低造价,并实现框架结构强柱弱梁的效果。Another object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for an assembled frame structure, which can shorten the construction period required for construction, reduce the cost, and achieve the effect of strong columns and weak beams in the frame structure.
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
一种装配式框架结构,包括多个沿着横向布置的竖向预制单元,多个第一预制板,多个第二预制板;An assembled frame structure, comprising a plurality of vertical prefabricated units arranged along the transverse direction, a plurality of first prefabricated panels, and a plurality of second prefabricated panels;
竖向预制单元包括多个由下往上依次连接在一起的梁柱预制构件,上下相邻的两个梁柱预制构件通过柱柱构件连接在一起;The vertical prefabricated unit includes a plurality of beam-column prefabricated components sequentially connected together from bottom to top, and two adjacent beam-column prefabricated components are connected together through column-column components;
梁柱预制构件包括多根竖直布置的预制柱,多组由上往下高低分层布置的预制梁组;多根预制柱沿着纵向设置,每一层的预制梁组包括第一预制梁和第二预制梁,第一预制梁的两端连接在相邻的两根预制柱上,第二预制梁的两端连接在相邻的两根预制柱上,预制柱上设有多根由上往下依次布置的预制突出梁,预制突出梁沿着横向布置;Beam-column prefabricated components include multiple vertically arranged prefabricated columns, multiple groups of prefabricated beam groups arranged in layers from top to bottom; multiple prefabricated columns are arranged along the longitudinal direction, and the prefabricated beam groups on each floor include the first prefabricated beam group and the second prefabricated beam, the two ends of the first prefabricated beam are connected to two adjacent prefabricated columns, the two ends of the second prefabricated beam are connected to the adjacent two prefabricated columns, and the prefabricated columns are provided with multiple The prefabricated protruding beams are arranged in sequence downwards, and the prefabricated protruding beams are arranged along the transverse direction;
第一预制板的前后两端设有连接梁,连接梁沿着横向布置,第二预制板通过连接梁与第一预制板连接,第一预制板的左右两侧通过连接构件与第一预制梁连接,第二预制板的左右两侧与第二预制梁相接,连接梁的左右两侧通过连接构件与预制突出梁连接。The front and rear ends of the first prefabricated slab are provided with connecting beams, and the connecting beams are arranged along the transverse direction; the second prefabricated slab is connected with the first prefabricated slab through the connecting beams; Connection, the left and right sides of the second prefabricated plate are connected with the second prefabricated beam, and the left and right sides of the connecting beam are connected with the prefabricated protruding beam through the connecting member.
进一步的是:每一个竖向预制单元中的所有预制梁组高低分层等距或不等距布置,每一层预制梁组中的第一预制梁和第二预制梁处于同一高度且依次交替布置,所有竖向预制单元中最下端的预制梁组处于同一高度,所有预制梁组中最前端的为第一预制梁。Further, all the prefabricated beam groups in each vertical prefabricated unit are arranged equidistantly or unequally in high and low layers, and the first prefabricated beams and the second prefabricated beams in each layer of prefabricated beam groups are at the same height and arranged alternately in sequence, The lowermost prefabricated beam groups in all the vertical prefabricated units are at the same height, and the frontmost one in all the prefabricated beam groups is the first prefabricated beam.
进一步的是:同一个竖向预制单元中,上下相邻的两个梁柱预制构件的高度不同,上下相间隔的两个梁柱预制构件的高度相同或不同;左右相邻的两个竖向预制单元中,左右相邻的两个梁柱预制构件的高度不同;左右相间隔的两个竖向预制单元中,左右相间隔的两个梁柱预制构件的高度相同或不同。Further, in the same vertical prefabricated unit, the heights of the two adjacent beam-column prefabricated components are different, and the heights of the two spaced apart beam-column prefabricated components are the same or different; In the prefabricated unit, the heights of the two adjacent beam-column prefabricated components are different; in the two vertical prefabricated units spaced apart from the left and right, the heights of the two spaced apart beam-column prefabricated components are the same or different.
进一步的是:在一个梁柱预制构件中,设置在一根预制柱上的预制突出梁的数量与预制梁组的数量相同。Further, in a beam-column prefabricated component, the number of prefabricated protruding beams arranged on a prefabricated column is the same as the number of prefabricated beam groups.
进一步的是:柱柱构件包括预埋在预制柱下端的上预制块,预埋在预制柱上端的下预制块,连接螺栓;连接螺栓的上部与上预制块螺纹连接,连接螺栓的下部与下预制块螺纹连接。Further, the column member includes an upper prefabricated block pre-embedded at the lower end of the prefabricated column, a lower prefabricated block pre-embedded at the upper end of the prefabricated column, and connecting bolts; The prefabricated blocks are threaded.
进一步的是:上预制块和下预制块均设有多个通孔,上预制块的边缘和下预制块的边缘均焊接或螺纹连接在预制柱的钢筋笼上。Further, the upper prefabricated block and the lower prefabricated block are provided with a plurality of through holes, and the edges of the upper prefabricated block and the lower prefabricated block are welded or screwed to the reinforcement cage of the prefabricated column.
进一步的是:连接螺栓有多个,上预制块的四周通过连接螺栓与下预制块的四周连接在一起,上预制块下端的中心通过连接螺栓与下预制块上端的中心连接在一起。Further, there are multiple connecting bolts, the upper prefabricated block is connected with the surrounding of the lower prefabricated block by connecting bolts, and the center of the lower end of the upper prefabricated block is connected with the center of the upper end of the lower prefabricated block by connecting bolts.
进一步的是:连接螺栓包括上部螺纹,中部方块,下部螺纹;上部螺纹的螺纹旋向和下部螺纹的螺纹旋向相反。Further, the connecting bolt includes an upper thread, a middle block, and a lower thread; the thread direction of the upper thread is opposite to that of the lower thread.
进一步的是:连接螺栓的中部方块投影为正多边形。Further, the projection of the central block connecting the bolts is a regular polygon.
进一步的是:连接构件包括通过螺栓连接在一起的第一连接块和第二连接块,第一连接块设有朝下的第一楔块,第一楔块和第一连接块形成第一楔槽;第二连接块设有朝上的第二楔块,第二楔块和第二连接块形成第二楔槽;第一楔块嵌入第二楔槽内,第二楔块嵌入第一楔槽内。Further, the connecting member includes a first connecting block and a second connecting block connected together by bolts, the first connecting block is provided with a first wedge facing downward, and the first wedge and the first connecting block form a first wedge Groove; the second connecting block is provided with a second upward wedge, and the second wedge and the second connecting block form a second wedge groove; the first wedge is embedded in the second wedge groove, and the second wedge is embedded in the first wedge in the slot.
一种装配式框架结构的施工方法,包括如下步骤:A construction method for a prefabricated frame structure, comprising the steps of:
第一步:吊装第一阶段的梁柱预制构件至设计位置并与基础固结;Step 1: Lift the beam-column prefabricated components of the first stage to the design position and consolidate with the foundation;
第二步:将一体结构的第一预制板和第二预制板吊装至梁柱预制构件的相应位置,通过连接构件将第一预制板与第一预制梁连接在一起,通过连接构件将预制突出梁和连接梁连接在一起;Step 2: Hoist the first prefabricated slab and the second prefabricated slab of the integrated structure to the corresponding positions of the beam-column prefabricated components, connect the first prefabricated slab and the first prefabricated beam through the connecting member, and protrude the prefabricated through the connecting member Beams and connecting beams are connected together;
第三步:用自密实混凝土对第一预制板和预制柱之间的空隙进行灌注,自密实混凝土的强度高于梁柱预制构件所使用的混凝土的强度,用聚苯板对第一预制板和第一连接梁之间的空隙进行填充,用聚苯板对第一预制板和预制突出梁之间的空隙进行填充,用聚苯板对第二预制板和第二连接梁之间的空隙进行填充;Step 3: Fill the gap between the first prefabricated slab and the prefabricated column with self-compacting concrete. The strength of self-compacting concrete is higher than that of the concrete used for beam-column prefabricated components, and the first prefabricated slab is filled with polystyrene board. Fill the gap between the first prefabricated panel and the first connecting beam, fill the gap between the first prefabricated panel and the prefabricated protruding beam with polystyrene panels, and fill the gap between the second prefabricated panel and the second connecting beam with polystyrene panels to fill;
第四步:吊装下一阶段的梁柱预制构件至已完成施工的梁柱预制构件的上方并悬停,然后使用连接螺栓将上下相邻的两个梁柱预制构件连接在一起,保持吊装的梁柱预制构件的下降速率与连接螺栓的拧紧速率相同;Step 4: Hoist the beam-column prefabricated components of the next stage to the top of the completed beam-column prefabricated components and hover, and then use connecting bolts to connect the upper and lower adjacent beam-column prefabricated components together to maintain the hoisting The lowering rate of beam-column prefabricated elements is the same as the tightening rate of connecting bolts;
第五步:依次重复第二步、第三步和第四步,直至完成装配式框架结构的施工。Step 5: Repeat steps 2, 3 and 4 in turn until the construction of the prefabricated frame structure is completed.
总的说来,本发明具有如下优点:Generally speaking, the present invention has following advantages:
本装配式框架结构可保证工程质量,增强结构的耗能能力,实现框架结构强柱弱梁的破坏模式,削弱建筑的热桥效应,缩短工期,节省建材且环保,符合建筑工业化的要求。梁板预制构件是通过连接构件与预制梁连接在一起的,连接构件的数量可以根据实现需要来确定,通过连接构件的形式,弱化了楼板和梁之间的连接,实现了强柱弱梁的目的。The prefabricated frame structure can ensure the quality of the project, enhance the energy consumption capacity of the structure, realize the failure mode of the strong column and weak beam of the frame structure, weaken the thermal bridge effect of the building, shorten the construction period, save building materials and be environmentally friendly, and meet the requirements of building industrialization. Beam-slab prefabricated components are connected with prefabricated beams through connecting components. The number of connecting components can be determined according to the realization needs. Through the form of connecting components, the connection between the floor and beams is weakened, and the combination of strong columns and weak beams is realized. Purpose.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本装配式框架结构的平面示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of the fabricated frame structure.
图2是本装配式框架结构的立体示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the assembled frame structure.
图3是多个梁柱预制构件的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a plurality of beam-column prefabricated components.
图4是梁板预制构件的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of beam-slab prefabricated components.
图5是连接构件的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the connecting member.
图6是柱柱构件的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a column member.
图7是上预制块和下预制块的结构示意图。Fig. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of the upper prefabricated block and the lower prefabricated block.
图8是连接螺栓的结构示意图。Fig. 8 is a structural schematic diagram of a connecting bolt.
图9是装配式框架结构施工过程的示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the construction process of the prefabricated frame structure.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合附图和具体实施方式来对本发明做进一步详细的说明。The present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
为了便于统一查看说明书附图里面的各个附图标记,现对说明书附图里出现的附图标记统一说明如下:In order to facilitate a unified review of the various reference signs in the drawings of the specification, the unified description of the reference signs appearing in the drawings of the specification is as follows:
1为梁柱预制构件,2为第一预制板,3为第二预制板,4为连接梁,5为横向空隙,6为直角缺口,7为柱柱构件,8为连接构件,1-1为第一预制梁,1-2为第二预制梁,1-3为预制柱,1-4为预制突出梁,7-1为上预制块,7-2为下预制块,7-3为连接螺栓,7-4为上预制块的通孔,7-5为上部螺纹,7-6为中部方块,7-7为下部螺纹,8-1为第一连接块,8-2为第二连接块,8-3为第一楔块,8-4为第一楔槽,8-5为第二楔块,8-6为第二楔槽,8-7为第二连接块上的螺栓。1 is the beam-column prefabricated component, 2 is the first prefabricated slab, 3 is the second prefabricated slab, 4 is the connecting beam, 5 is the transverse gap, 6 is the right-angle notch, 7 is the column-column component, 8 is the connecting component, 1-1 is the first prefabricated beam, 1-2 is the second prefabricated beam, 1-3 is the prefabricated column, 1-4 is the prefabricated protruding beam, 7-1 is the upper prefabricated block, 7-2 is the lower prefabricated block, 7-3 is Connecting bolts, 7-4 is the through hole of the upper prefabricated block, 7-5 is the upper thread, 7-6 is the middle block, 7-7 is the lower thread, 8-1 is the first connecting block, 8-2 is the second Connecting block, 8-3 is the first wedge, 8-4 is the first wedge groove, 8-5 is the second wedge, 8-6 is the second wedge groove, 8-7 is the bolt on the second connecting block .
为叙述方便,规定方位如下:下文所说的前后左右方向与图1本身的下上左右方向一致,下文所说的上下方向与框架结构自然放置时的上下方向一致,前后方向即纵向方向,左右方向即横向方向。For the convenience of description, the specified orientation is as follows: the front, back, left, and right directions mentioned below are consistent with the bottom, top, left, and right directions in Figure 1 itself, and the up and down directions mentioned below are consistent with the up and down directions when the frame structure is placed naturally. The orientation is the landscape orientation.
结合图1至图9所示,一种装配式框架结构,包括多个沿着横向布置的竖向预制单元,多个第一预制板,多个第二预制板。竖向预制单元有多个,沿着左右方向排列。As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 , an assembled frame structure includes a plurality of vertical prefabricated units arranged horizontally, a plurality of first prefabricated panels, and a plurality of second prefabricated panels. There are multiple vertical prefabricated units arranged along the left and right directions.
竖向预制单元包括多个由下往上依次连接在一起的梁柱预制构件,上下相邻的两个梁柱预制构件通过柱柱构件连接在一起。即多个梁柱预制构件从下往上依次搭接成为一个竖向预制单元,然后再多个梁柱预制构件从下往上依次搭接成为另一个竖向预制单元。The vertical prefabricated unit includes a plurality of beam-column prefabricated components sequentially connected together from bottom to top, and two adjacent beam-column prefabricated components up and down are connected together through column-column components. That is, multiple beam-column prefabricated components are overlapped sequentially from bottom to top to form a vertical prefabricated unit, and then multiple beam-column prefabricated components are sequentially overlapped from bottom to top to form another vertical prefabricated unit.
结合图1、图2、图3所示,对于每一个单独的梁柱预制构件而言:梁柱预制构件包括多根竖直布置的预制柱,多组由上往下高低分层布置的预制梁组。预制柱呈竖直状态,多根预制柱沿着纵向设置,即对于单个梁柱预制构件中的多根预制柱是沿着前后方向排列的。每一层的预制梁组包括第一预制梁和第二预制梁,第一预制梁的两端连接在相邻的两根预制柱上,第二预制梁的两端连接在相邻的两根预制柱上,预制柱上设有多根由上往下依次布置的预制突出梁,预制突出梁沿着横向布置。单个梁柱预制构件中所有的预制柱、所有的第一预制梁、所有的第二预制梁、所有的预制突出梁都是一起整体在工厂预先浇筑成型,也就是在工厂里先整体预制,即每一个梁柱预制构件都是整体预制而成的。本发明的梁柱预制构件中,有四根预制柱且沿着前后方向排列;有些梁柱预制构件(高度比较高的)的预制梁组有三层,相应地,每一根预制柱上有三根预制突出梁,有些梁柱预制构件(高度比较低的)的预制梁组有两层,相应地,每一根预制柱上有两根预制突出梁。多组预制梁组是从上往下排列的,且相邻两组预制梁组之间的间距是相同或不同的。对于每一组预制梁组而言:第一预制梁的后端与一根预制柱预制在一起,第一预制梁的前端与另一根预制柱预制在一起,第二预制梁的后端与一根预制柱预制在一起,第二预制梁的前端与另一根预制柱预制在一起。梁柱预制构件的高度以预制工厂的加工及道路运输能力为准,以3层预制梁组为宜。预制突出梁的长度以达到反弯点处为宜。左右相邻的两个梁柱预制构件通过梁板预制构件由连接构件连接在一起。As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3, for each individual beam-column prefabricated component: the beam-column prefabricated component includes multiple vertically arranged prefabricated columns, and multiple groups of prefabricated columns arranged in layers from top to bottom beam group. The prefabricated columns are in a vertical state, and multiple prefabricated columns are arranged along the longitudinal direction, that is, the multiple prefabricated columns in a single beam-column prefabricated component are arranged along the front-to-back direction. The prefabricated beam group on each floor includes a first prefabricated beam and a second prefabricated beam, the two ends of the first prefabricated beam are connected to two adjacent prefabricated columns, and the two ends of the second prefabricated beam are connected to two adjacent prefabricated columns. On the prefabricated column, a plurality of prefabricated protruding beams arranged sequentially from top to bottom are arranged on the prefabricated column, and the prefabricated protruding beams are arranged along the transverse direction. All prefabricated columns, all first prefabricated beams, all second prefabricated beams, and all prefabricated protruding beams in a single beam-column prefabricated component are all precast and formed in the factory together, that is, the whole prefabricated in the factory first, that is Each beam-column prefabricated component is prefabricated as a whole. In the beam-column prefabricated component of the present invention, there are four prefabricated columns arranged along the front-to-back direction; some beam-column prefabricated components (with relatively high heights) have three prefabricated beam groups, and correspondingly, there are three prefabricated columns on each prefabricated column. Prefabricated protruding beams, some beam-column prefabricated components (with relatively low height) have two layers of prefabricated beam groups, and correspondingly, there are two prefabricated protruding beams on each prefabricated column. Multiple groups of prefabricated beam groups are arranged from top to bottom, and the distance between two adjacent groups of prefabricated beam groups is the same or different. For each group of prefabricated beams: the rear end of the first prefabricated beam is prefabricated with a prefabricated column, the front end of the first prefabricated beam is prefabricated with another prefabricated column, and the rear end of the second prefabricated beam is prefabricated with another prefabricated column. One prefabricated column is prefabricated together, and the front end of the second prefabricated beam is prefabricated with another prefabricated column. The height of beam-column prefabricated components shall be subject to the processing and road transportation capacity of the prefabricated factory, and a 3-story prefabricated beam group is suitable. The length of the prefabricated protruding beam should reach the inflection point. Two adjacent beam-column prefabricated components on the left and right are connected together by connecting components through the beam-slab prefabricated components.
结合图1、图2、图4所示,第一预制板的前后两端设有连接梁,连接梁沿着横向布置,第二预制板通过连接梁与第一预制板连接。连接在一起的第一预制板、连接梁、第二预制板是一起整体在工厂预先浇筑成型,也就是在工厂里先整体预制而成的。将整体预制在一起的第一预制板、连接梁、第二预制板称为梁板预制构件;一般而言:一个梁板预制构件中,有两个第一预制板,一个第二预制板,四根连接梁;两个第一预制板的前后两端均预制有连接梁,第二预制板的后端与某个第一预制板上的连接梁预制在一起,第二预制板的前端与另一个第一预制板上的连接梁预制在一起。当然,根据实际情况,一个梁板预制构件中,第一预制板、第二预制板的数量应当根据实际情况而定。第一预制板的左右两侧通过连接构件与第一预制梁连接,第二预制板的左右两侧与第二预制梁相接,连接梁的左右两侧通过连接构件与预制突出梁连接。一个梁板预制构件将左右相邻的两组预制梁组连接在一起,这左右相邻的两组预制梁组处于同一高度,且分别属于左右相邻的两个竖向预制单元内的部件。对于一个梁板预制构件而言:第一预制板的左侧通过连接构件与左边竖向预制单元的第一预制梁连接,该第一预制板的右侧通过连接构件与右边竖向预制单元的第一预制梁连接;第二预制板的左侧与左边竖向预制单元的第二预制梁连接,该第二预制板的右侧与右边竖向预制单元的第二预制梁连接;连接梁的左侧通过连接构件与左边竖向预制单元的预制突出梁连接,该连接梁的右侧通过连接构件与右边竖向预制单元的预制突出梁连接。第一预制板和第二预制板会形成横向空隙,预制突出梁插入该横向空隙与连接梁连接在一起。第一预制板的四个角落设有直角缺口,第一预制板直角缺口处的第一预制板的侧面称为直角侧面板,预制柱插入第一预制板的直角缺口内,直角侧面板通过连接构件与预制柱连接在一起,直角侧面板贴着预制柱。As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 4, connecting beams are provided at the front and rear ends of the first prefabricated slab, and the connecting beams are arranged along the transverse direction, and the second prefabricated slab is connected to the first prefabricated slab through the connecting beams. The first prefabricated slab, the connecting beam, and the second prefabricated slab that are connected together are integrally precast in the factory, that is, they are prefabricated as a whole in the factory. The first prefabricated slab, the connecting beam, and the second prefabricated slab that are prefabricated together are called beam-slab prefabricated components; generally speaking: in a beam-slab prefabricated component, there are two first prefabricated slabs, one second prefabricated slab, Four connecting beams; the front and rear ends of the two first prefabricated slabs are prefabricated with connecting beams, the rear end of the second prefabricated slab is prefabricated with the connecting beam on a certain first prefabricated slab, and the front end of the second prefabricated slab is connected to the The connecting beams on the other first prefabricated slab are prefabricated together. Of course, according to the actual situation, the number of the first prefabricated slab and the second prefabricated slab in a beam-slab prefabricated component should be determined according to the actual situation. The left and right sides of the first prefabricated plate are connected to the first prefabricated beam through the connecting member, the left and right sides of the second prefabricated plate are connected to the second prefabricated beam, and the left and right sides of the connecting beam are connected to the prefabricated protruding beam through the connecting member. A beam-slab prefabricated component connects two left and right adjacent prefabricated beam groups together, and the left and right adjacent two prefabricated beam groups are at the same height and belong to the components in the left and right adjacent vertical prefabricated units respectively. For a beam-slab prefabricated component: the left side of the first prefabricated slab is connected with the first prefabricated beam of the left vertical prefabricated unit through the connecting member, and the right side of the first prefabricated slab is connected with the right vertical prefabricated unit through the connecting member The first prefabricated beam is connected; the left side of the second prefabricated plate is connected with the second prefabricated beam of the left vertical prefabricated unit, and the right side of the second prefabricated plate is connected with the second prefabricated beam of the right vertical prefabricated unit; the connecting beam The left side is connected with the prefabricated protruding beam of the left vertical prefabricated unit through the connecting member, and the right side of the connecting beam is connected with the prefabricated protruding beam of the right vertical prefabricated unit through the connecting member. The first prefabricated slab and the second prefabricated slab form a transverse void, and the prefabricated protruding beams are inserted into the transverse voids and connected with the connecting beams. The four corners of the first prefabricated panel are provided with right-angle notches. The side of the first prefabricated panel at the right-angle notch of the first prefabricated panel is called a right-angle side panel. The prefabricated columns are inserted into the right-angle notches of the first prefabricated panel. The elements are joined together with the prefabricated columns, and the right-angle side panels are attached to the prefabricated columns.
每一个竖向预制单元中的所有预制梁组高低分层等距布置,即在一个竖向预制单元中,所有的预制梁组由下往上排列,且相邻两组预制梁组的间距是相同的。每一层预制梁组中的第一预制梁和第二预制梁处于同一高度且依次交替布置,即在一组预制梁组中,第一预制梁和第二预制梁依次交替排列且处于同一高度。第一预制梁的长度大于第二预制梁的长度,所有竖向预制单元中最下端的预制梁组处于同一高度,所有预制梁组中最前端的为第一预制梁,即对于每一个竖向预制单元,预制梁组是一层一层的往上排列的,且间距都是一样的。对于所有的预制梁组,最前端要么全都是第一预制梁,要么全都是第二预制梁。根据实际情况,每一个竖向预制单元中的所有预制梁组也可以不等距布置,每一层预制梁组中的第一预制梁和第二预制梁也可以不在同一高度上。All prefabricated beam groups in each vertical prefabricated unit are arranged equidistantly in high and low layers, that is, in a vertical prefabricated unit, all prefabricated beam groups are arranged from bottom to top, and the distance between two adjacent prefabricated beam groups is identical. The first prefabricated beams and the second prefabricated beams in each prefabricated beam group are at the same height and arranged alternately in sequence, that is, in a group of prefabricated beam groups, the first prefabricated beams and the second prefabricated beams are arranged alternately in sequence and at the same height. The length of the first prefabricated beam is greater than the length of the second prefabricated beam, the lowermost prefabricated beam group in all vertical prefabricated units is at the same height, and the frontmost one in all prefabricated beam groups is the first prefabricated beam, that is, for each vertical prefabricated unit , the prefabricated beam groups are arranged layer by layer upwards, and the spacing is the same. For all the prefabricated beam groups, the front ends are either all the first prefabricated beams or all the second prefabricated beams. According to actual conditions, all the prefabricated beam groups in each vertical prefabricated unit may also be arranged at different distances, and the first prefabricated beams and the second prefabricated beams in each layer of prefabricated beam groups may not be at the same height.
同一个竖向预制单元中,上下相邻的两个梁柱预制构件的高度不同,上下相间隔的两个梁柱预制构件的高度相同或不同;上下相间隔的两个梁柱预制构件指的是这两个梁柱预制构件之间只有一个梁柱预制构件,例如第一个梁柱预制构件和第三个梁柱预制构件称为相间隔的两个梁柱预制构件。左右相邻的两个竖向预制单元中,左右相邻的两个梁柱预制构件的高度不同。左右相间隔的两个竖向预制单元中,左右相间隔的两个梁柱预制构件的高度相同或不同,左右相间隔的两个竖向预制单元指的是这两个竖向预制单元之间只有一个竖向预制单元。In the same vertical prefabricated unit, the heights of two adjacent beam-column prefabricated components are different, and the heights of the two spaced apart beam-column prefabricated components are the same or different; the two vertically spaced beam-column prefabricated components refer to the There is only one beam-column prefabricated component between the two beam-column prefabricated components, for example, the first beam-column prefabricated component and the third beam-column prefabricated component are called two spaced beam-column prefabricated components. Among the two vertical prefabricated units adjacent to the left and right, the heights of the two beam-column prefabricated components adjacent to the left and right are different. Among the two vertical prefabricated units spaced left and right, the heights of the two beam-column prefabricated components spaced left and right are the same or different, and the two vertical prefabricated units spaced left and right refer to the space between the two vertical prefabricated units. There is only one vertical prefabricated unit.
在一个梁柱预制构件中,设置在一根预制柱上的预制突出梁的数量与预制梁组的数量相同。即在一根预制柱上,预制突出梁的数量与该预制柱所在的梁柱预制构件中的预制梁组的数量相同。In a beam-column prefabricated component, the number of prefabricated projecting beams arranged on a prefabricated column is the same as the number of prefabricated beam groups. That is, on a prefabricated column, the number of prefabricated protruding beams is the same as the number of prefabricated beam groups in the beam-column prefabricated component where the prefabricated column is located.
结合图2、图6、图7、图8所示,柱柱构件包括预制在预制柱下端的上预制块,预制在预制柱上端的下预制块,连接螺栓。上预制块位于预制柱的下端,上预制块与预制柱是整体预制而成的,下预制块位于预制柱的上端,下预制块与预制柱是整体预制而成的。在一个柱柱构件中,上预制块位于某根预制柱的下端,下预制块位于该根预制柱的下相邻的预制柱的上端,连接螺栓则将上预制块和下预制块连接起来,从而将上下相邻的两根预制柱连接起来。连接螺栓的上部与上预制块螺纹连接,连接螺栓的下部与下预制块螺纹连接。在受力较大的楼层,可增大上预制块和下预制块的预埋深度。柱柱构件的材质可选用聚丙烯腈基碳纤维层压材料或碳纤维增强乙烯基酯树脂等复合材料进行3D打印。As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the column-column component includes an upper prefabricated block prefabricated at the lower end of the prefabricated column, a lower prefabricated block prefabricated at the upper end of the prefabricated column, and connecting bolts. The upper prefabricated block is located at the lower end of the prefabricated column, the upper prefabricated block and the prefabricated column are integrally prefabricated, the lower prefabricated block is located at the upper end of the prefabricated column, and the lower prefabricated block and the prefabricated column are integrally prefabricated. In a column-column component, the upper prefabricated block is located at the lower end of a certain prefabricated column, the lower prefabricated block is located at the upper end of the lower adjacent prefabricated column of the root prefabricated column, and the connecting bolts connect the upper prefabricated block and the lower prefabricated block, In this way, two adjacent prefabricated columns up and down are connected. The upper part of the connecting bolt is threaded with the upper prefabricated block, and the lower part of the connecting bolt is threaded with the lower prefabricated block. On floors with greater stress, the pre-embedded depth of the upper prefabricated block and the lower prefabricated block can be increased. The material of the column components can be 3D printed with composite materials such as polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber laminates or carbon fiber-reinforced vinyl ester resins.
上预制块和下预制块均设有多个通孔,上预制块的边缘和下预制块的边缘均焊接或螺纹连接在预制柱的钢筋笼上。梁柱预制构件是由混凝土和钢筋笼浇筑而成的,而上预制块和下预制块又是与梁柱预制构件一起浇筑的,因此浇筑时,混凝土也会浇筑入上预制块和下预制块的通孔内,从而降低了对混凝土截面的削弱;上预制块和下预制块一般采用钢材制成,上预制块的边缘和下预制块的边缘可以焊接在钢筋笼上,或者,上预制块的边缘和下预制块的边缘螺纹连接在钢筋笼上。Both the upper prefabricated block and the lower prefabricated block are provided with a plurality of through holes, and the edges of the upper prefabricated block and the lower prefabricated block are welded or screwed to the reinforcement cage of the prefabricated column. The beam-column prefabricated components are poured with concrete and steel cages, and the upper and lower prefabricated blocks are poured together with the beam-column prefabricated components, so when pouring, concrete will also be poured into the upper and lower prefabricated blocks In the through hole of the concrete section, the weakening of the concrete section is reduced; the upper prefabricated block and the lower prefabricated block are generally made of steel, and the edges of the upper prefabricated block and the lower prefabricated block can be welded on the steel cage, or the upper precast block The edge of the edge and the edge of the lower prefabricated block are screwed on the steel cage.
连接螺栓有多个,上预制块的四周通过连接螺栓与下预制块的四周连接在一起,上预制块下端的中心通过连接螺栓与下预制块上端的中心连接在一起。本发明中,连接螺栓有5个,四个连接螺栓分布在上预制块的四个角落,第五个连接螺栓位于上预制块的中心。There are multiple connecting bolts, the upper prefabricated block is connected with the surroundings of the lower prefabricated block by connecting bolts, and the center of the lower end of the upper prefabricated block is connected with the center of the upper end of the lower prefabricated block by connecting bolts. In the present invention, there are five connecting bolts, four connecting bolts are distributed at the four corners of the upper prefabricated block, and the fifth connecting bolt is located at the center of the upper prefabricated block.
连接螺栓包括上部螺纹,中部方块,下部螺纹;上部螺纹的螺纹旋向和下部螺纹的螺纹旋向相反。这样可以采用其他设备拧动中部方块,由于螺纹旋向相反,因此上连接块和下连接块会相互靠近,从而将相邻的上预制柱和下预制柱连接在一起。中部方块便于采用其他设备进行拧动连接螺栓,中部方块投影为正多边形。预制柱的钢筋笼上会有多个由上往下依次分布的加密箍筋,相邻两个加密箍筋的间距是一样的,钢筋笼呈竖直状态,加密箍筋的间距与中部方块的长度是一样的。The connecting bolt comprises an upper thread, a middle block and a lower thread; the thread direction of the upper thread is opposite to that of the lower thread. In this way, other equipment can be used to screw the middle block, and since the thread turns in the opposite direction, the upper connection block and the lower connection block will approach each other, thereby connecting the adjacent upper prefabricated column and the lower prefabricated column together. The central square is convenient to use other equipment to twist the connecting bolts, and the central square is projected as a regular polygon. There will be multiple dense stirrups distributed from top to bottom on the reinforcement cage of the prefabricated column. The distance between two adjacent dense stirrups is the same. The reinforcement cage is in a vertical state. The length is the same.
结合图2、图5所示,连接构件包括通过螺栓连接在一起的第一连接块和第二连接块,第一连接块设有朝下的第一楔块,第一楔块和第一连接块形成第一楔槽,第一楔槽的开口在下方。第二连接块设有朝上的第二楔块,第二楔块和第二连接块形成第二楔槽,第二楔槽的开口在上方。第一楔块嵌入第二楔槽内,第二楔块嵌入第一楔槽内。第一预制板与第一连接梁、第一预制板的直角侧面板与预制柱、第二预制板与第二连接梁、第一预制板与预制突出梁、预制突出梁与连接梁都是通过连接构件来连接的。下面以第一预制板和第一连接梁为列进行说明:第一连接块与第一预制板的左侧面预制在一起,即是一起浇筑而成的,第二连接块与第一连接梁预制在一起,然后第一楔块嵌入第二楔槽内,第二楔块嵌入第一楔槽内,同时第一连接块和第二连接块还通过螺栓连接在一起。As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, the connection member includes a first connection block and a second connection block connected together by bolts, the first connection block is provided with a first wedge facing downward, and the first wedge and the first connection The block forms a first wedge slot, the opening of which is below. The second connecting block is provided with an upward second wedge, the second wedge and the second connecting block form a second wedge groove, and the opening of the second wedge groove is on the top. The first wedge is embedded in the second wedge groove, and the second wedge is embedded in the first wedge groove. The first prefabricated slab and the first connecting beam, the right-angled side panel of the first prefabricated slab and the prefabricated column, the second prefabricated slab and the second connecting beam, the first prefabricated slab and the prefabricated protruding beam, and the prefabricated protruding beam and the connecting beam are all passed through Connecting components to connect. Let’s take the first prefabricated slab and the first connecting beam as a column to illustrate: the first connecting block and the left side of the first prefabricated slab are prefabricated together, that is, they are poured together, and the second connecting block and the first connecting beam They are prefabricated together, and then the first wedge is embedded in the second wedge groove, the second wedge is embedded in the first wedge groove, and at the same time, the first connecting block and the second connecting block are also connected together by bolts.
本装配式框架结构及其施工方法,即将框架结构划分为若干单元在工厂或施工现场进行预制,完成养护后在施工现场进行装配,并将梁柱和楼板部分分离,弱化楼板对梁的加强作用,削弱建筑的热桥效应。这种方法可保证工程质量,缩短工期,节省建材且环保,符合建筑工业化的要求,实现框架结构强柱弱梁的破坏模式。传统框架结构中,梁与楼板是整体浇筑在一起的,这种形式使得梁的刚度增加了很多,使得框架结构很难实现强柱弱梁的破坏形式。本发明中,梁板预制构件是通过连接构件与预制梁连接在一起的,连接构件的数量可以根据实现需要来确定,通过连接构件的形式,弱化了楼板和梁之间的连接,实现了强柱弱梁的目的。The prefabricated frame structure and its construction method divide the frame structure into several units for prefabrication at the factory or construction site, and assemble at the construction site after maintenance, and separate the beams and columns from the floor to weaken the strengthening effect of the floor on the beams. , to weaken the thermal bridge effect of the building. This method can ensure the quality of the project, shorten the construction period, save building materials and be environmentally friendly, meet the requirements of building industrialization, and realize the failure mode of strong columns and weak beams in frame structures. In the traditional frame structure, the beam and the floor are integrally poured together. This form increases the stiffness of the beam a lot, making it difficult for the frame structure to achieve the failure mode of strong columns and weak beams. In the present invention, the beam-slab prefabricated components are connected together with the prefabricated beams through connecting components, and the number of connecting components can be determined according to the realization needs. Through the form of connecting components, the connection between the floor slab and the beams is weakened, and a strong The purpose of column weak beam.
结合图9所示,一种装配式框架结构的施工方法,包括如下步骤:As shown in Figure 9, a construction method for a prefabricated frame structure includes the following steps:
第一步:吊装第一阶段的梁柱预制构件至设计位置并与基础固结;即先将每个竖向预制单元的第一个梁柱预制构件吊装至设定的位置,并将该梁柱预制构件与地下的基础固定连接在一起。Step 1: hoist the beam-column prefabricated components of the first stage to the design position and consolidate with the foundation; that is, hoist the first beam-column prefabricated component of each vertical prefabricated unit to the set position, and place the beam The column prefabricated elements are fixedly connected to the foundation in the ground.
第二步:将一体结构的第一预制板和第二预制板吊装至梁柱预制构件的相应位置,通过连接构件将第一预制板与第一预制梁连接在一起,通过连接构件将预制突出梁和连接梁连接在一起;即先吊装梁柱预制构件,再吊装梁板预制构件,将梁板预制构件和梁柱预制构件连接在一起。Step 2: Hoist the first prefabricated slab and the second prefabricated slab of the integrated structure to the corresponding positions of the beam-column prefabricated components, connect the first prefabricated slab and the first prefabricated beam through the connecting member, and protrude the prefabricated through the connecting member The beam and the connecting beam are connected together; that is, the beam-column prefabricated component is hoisted first, and then the beam-slab prefabricated component is hoisted, and the beam-slab prefabricated component and the beam-column prefabricated component are connected together.
第三步:用自密实混凝土对第一预制板和预制柱之间的空隙进行灌注,自密实混凝土的强度高于梁柱预制构件所使用的混凝土的强度,自密实混凝土的强度比梁柱预制构件所使用的混凝土的强度高一个等级,用聚苯板对第一预制板和第一连接梁之间的空隙进行填充,用聚苯板对第一预制板和预制突出梁之间的空隙进行填充,用聚苯板对第二预制板和第二连接梁之间的空隙进行填充。即预制构件和梁板预制构件安装好后,用自密实混凝土和聚苯板对相应的空隙进行填充。用聚苯板对第一预制板和预制梁组之间的空隙进行填充,用聚苯板对第一预制板和预制突出梁之间的空隙进行填充。Step 3: Fill the gap between the first prefabricated slab and the prefabricated column with self-compacting concrete. The strength of self-compacting concrete is higher than that of concrete used in beam-column precast components. The strength of self-compacting concrete is stronger than that of beam-column precast The strength of the concrete used for the component is one grade higher, the gap between the first prefabricated slab and the first connecting beam is filled with polystyrene board, and the gap between the first prefabricated slab and the prefabricated protruding beam is filled with polystyrene board Filling, the polystyrene board is used to fill the gap between the second prefabricated board and the second connecting beam. That is, after the prefabricated components and beam-slab prefabricated components are installed, the corresponding gaps are filled with self-compacting concrete and polystyrene boards. The polystyrene board is used to fill the gap between the first prefabricated board and the prefabricated beam group, and the polystyrene board is used to fill the gap between the first prefabricated board and the prefabricated protruding beam.
第四步:吊装下一阶段的梁柱预制构件至已完成施工的梁柱预制构件的上方并悬停,然后使用连接螺栓将上下相邻的两个梁柱预制构件连接在一起,保持吊装的梁柱预制构件的下降速率与连接螺栓的拧紧速率相同;Step 4: Hoist the beam-column prefabricated components of the next stage to the top of the completed beam-column prefabricated components and hover, and then use connecting bolts to connect the upper and lower adjacent beam-column prefabricated components together to maintain the hoisting The lowering rate of beam-column prefabricated elements is the same as the tightening rate of connecting bolts;
第五步:依次重复第二步、第三步和第四步,直至完成装配式框架结构的施工。Step 5: Repeat steps 2, 3 and 4 in turn until the construction of the prefabricated frame structure is completed.
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
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