CN108149040A - The ingredient of evacuated die-casting process aluminium silicon magnesium-manganese alloy and optimization of Heat Treatment Process method - Google Patents
The ingredient of evacuated die-casting process aluminium silicon magnesium-manganese alloy and optimization of Heat Treatment Process method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108149040A CN108149040A CN201711259311.XA CN201711259311A CN108149040A CN 108149040 A CN108149040 A CN 108149040A CN 201711259311 A CN201711259311 A CN 201711259311A CN 108149040 A CN108149040 A CN 108149040A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
- B22D17/14—Machines with evacuated die cavity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ingredient of evacuated die-casting process aluminium silicon magnesium-manganese alloy and heat treatment process cooperative optimization method, specially：1) alloying element adjusts：During alloy melting, Mg, Si constituent content are carried out by Al Si intermediate alloys, pure Mg blocks to AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys to adjust, after furnace charge all melts, the control of molten metal temperature is subjected to refining treatment to molten metal again at 720 740 DEG C and obtains melting molten aluminum, 10 30 minutes is stood and prepares die casting；2) evacuated die-casting process：The melting molten aluminum that the step 1) obtains on vacuum die casting machine is subjected to die casting, obtains evacuated die-casting process part；3) it is heat-treated：The solid solution that the evacuated die-casting process part that the step 2) obtains is optimized and aging strengthening model, the present invention is by fine tune evacuated die-casting process part Mg, Si constituent content and cooperates with the heat treatment process of optimization that can greatly improve the comprehensive mechanical property of die casting, and rare earth element or precious metal element need not be introduced, the regeneration that production cost is conducive to alloy product again can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Special Processes of Metal Castings technologies, and in particular to a kind of ingredient and Re Chu of evacuated die-casting process aluminium silicon magnesium aluflex
Science and engineering skill cooperative optimization method.
Background technology
Die-casting process is a kind of efficient near-net-shape technique, and high suitable for production dimensional accuracy, surface quality is good
Metal component is widely used at present in automobile manufacturing field.But since molten metal flow at high speed is made in pressure injection casting process
Into volume gas phenomenon and due to the evaporation at high temperature of releasing agent, lubricant, scanning line into oil gas, hydrogen be brought into type
Chamber, there are apparent porosity defects for inside die-casting part.Therefore, casting has been susceptible on surface in follow-up heat treatment process is carried out
Steep defect.For this purpose, vacuum die casting process is had developed on the basis of conventional die-casting process, it can be effective by vacuum assist system
Reduce die casting in porosity defects, so as to which casting be allow to carry out depth optimization of Heat Treatment Process.
The structures such as automobile chassis, car door upright column, car door are more and more produced using die casting mode in automobile manufacturing field
In the case of part, in order to meet structural member application demand, need to further improve the comprehensive mechanical property of die casting.It embodies
For casting good elongation percentage can also be kept while high tensile strength, yield strength is possessed.
Currently used Al-Si series die-casting alloy aluminums cannot still meet the needs of high-end automobile structure high-strength tenacity energy,
And it carries out Alloying Treatment by adding in rare earth element or precious metal element and can also be improved while mechanical castings are improved
Production cost.Also, the addition of these elements is unfavorable for the use of secondary aluminium alloy and the regeneration of aluminium alloy.For general
Logical die casting due to being also easy to produce " blistering " defect after heat treatment, seldom further improves the power of die casting using heat treatment method
Learn performance.Although evacuated die-casting process can solve the problems, such as this, after majority heat treatment, while casting strength improves, plasticity declines
Amplitude is larger.
In order to solve problem above, the present invention is directed to some characteristics of evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys, it is proposed that one
Kind is by Mg, Si constituent content in fine tune AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys and combines the solid solution optimized and aging thermal treating process
So as to greatly improve the cooperative optimization method of die casting comprehensive mechanical property.(1) in evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn alloy systems,
The raising of Si elements can not only improve the mobility of aluminium alloy so as to improve Filling Processes of Castings ability；And in die casting, altogether
The pattern of crystal silicon tissue is affected to casting elongation percentage, and the Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys tissue of uniform rounding can significantly improve the extension of casting
Rate.In evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn alloy systems, the raising of Mg elements can form more Mg with Si2The magnesium silicon hardening constituent such as Si.
Appropriate improve of Mg constituent contents can promote casting strength.(2) evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys solidify shape in high speed and high pressure
Under state, the as-cast structure of casting very fine uniform；Again since vacuum assist system reduces cast-internal hole defect,
Therefore evacuated die-casting process part is in good condition in microstructure level.Relative to inner void defect very important in conventional die casting and
Coarse arborescent structure in conventional cast, the microstructure form fine uniform of evacuated die-casting process part, inner void defect are few, die casting
The Effect on Mechanical Properties factor of part is related with the distribution of tissue morphology and hardening constituent after its ingredient and heat treatment.Cause
And in the present invention, Mg, Si constituent contents of fine tune evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys is to strengthen after increasing heat treatment
The amount of precipitation of phase, and the heat treatment process for passing through optimization makes it be evenly distributed, and thinks so as to improve the design of its comprehensive mechanical property
Road could reflect the macro-mechanical property level of casting.(3) due to evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn aluminium alloy inner void defects
It is greatly reduced, therefore the fine tuning that can be directed to elemental composition carries out the design that optimal T 6 is heat-treated.Pass through a series of orthogonal experiments
Design carries out optimization of Heat Treatment Process for heterogeneity, finally obtains different optimal heat treatment process, can be by composition adjustment
The mechanical property advantage of alloy embodies afterwards.
It is to sum up told, a kind of ingredient of evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys of present invention offer cooperates with excellent with heat treatment process
Change method.This method be according to designed by the characteristic of evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn series alloys it is a kind of low cost, green,
The mechanical property cooperative optimization method of profit recycling.Under the conditions of ordinary high pressure die casting, routine casting or for Al-Si-Cu etc.
This method effect is not obvious for series alloys die casting.
Invention content
Technical problem：The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of ingredients of evacuated die-casting process aluminium silicon magnesium-manganese alloy and heat treatment work
Skill cooperative optimization method, this method is by fine tune evacuated die-casting process part Mg, Si constituent content, without introducing rare earth element or expensive
Metallic element cooperates with the heat treatment process according to evacuated die-casting process aluminium alloy characteristic optimizing, can greatly improve the resultant force of die casting
Learn performance.This method can reduce the regeneration that production cost is conducive to alloy product again.
Technical solution：A kind of ingredient of evacuated die-casting process aluminium silicon magnesium-manganese alloy of the present invention cooperates with optimization side with heat treatment process
Method includes the following steps：
1) alloying element adjusts：During alloy melting, by Al-20Si intermediate alloys, pure Mg blocks to AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys
The adjustment of Mg, Si constituent content is carried out, after furnace charge all melts, molten metal temperature is controlled at 720-740 DEG C again to molten metal
It carries out refining treatment and obtains melting molten aluminum, stand 10-30 minutes and prepare die casting；
2) evacuated die-casting process：The melting molten aluminum that the step 1) obtains on vacuum die casting machine is subjected to die casting, obtains vacuum
Die casting；
3) it is heat-treated：At the solid solution that the obtained evacuated die-casting process part that the step 2) obtains is optimized and timeliness heat
Reason, solid solution temperature is 520-540 DEG C, and keeps 3-4h at such a temperature；Aging temperature is 160-200 DEG C, and
4-7h is kept at this temperature.
Wherein：
Aluminum alloy materials in the step 1) are AlSiMgMn series alloys, wherein should contain 7.5-13.5 weight %
Si, 0.1-1.5% weight %Mg, 0.1-1.5 weight %Mn, 0.02-0.1 weight %Fe, surplus is aluminium.
In AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys in the step 1), by Al-20Si intermediate alloys, pure Mg blocks, 0.8-1.2 is added
The Si elements of weight %, the Mg elements of 0.1-0.3 weight %.
The hydrogeneous tolerance of molten aluminum is not more than 0.20cm after refining in the step 1)3/100g。
In the step 2), during evacuated die-casting process, vacuum degree is not less than 90kPa in cavity.
Advantageous effect：Compared with prior art, the present invention it has the following advantages：
The present invention provides a kind of ingredients of evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys (by taking Al10Si0.3Mg0.6Mn as an example)
With heat treatment process cooperative optimization method.Mg, Si constituent content in this method adjustment aluminium alloy, (as adjustment mentioned component is
Al11Si0.3Mg0.6Mn, a successive step of going forward side by side are Al11Si0.5Mg0.6Mn), and evacuated die-casting process part after composition adjustment is carried out
The solid solution of optimization and aging strengthening model (being shown in Table 2).After Mg, Si constituent content is improved, by relatively high solid solubility temperature and when
Between provide higher phase transformation activation can, so as to make in solid solution to the matrix completely of the precipitation strength element in die casting and spread equal
It is even；At the same time the nodularization of Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys tissue is completed, internal stress is reduced, improves plasticity and microstructure is controlled not grow up.
After ageing treatment, hardening constituent is uniformly precipitated, again due to the appropriate ball of Si particles while improving tensile strength, yield strength
The favorable factors such as even tissue, internal stress decline are not so as to reduce the elongation percentage of casting after change, heat treatment.Compared to existing skill
Art, advantage of the present invention mainly have at 2 points：(1) present invention carries out mechanics by Mg, Si constituent content in fine tune aluminium alloy
The optimization of performance without introducing rare earth element or precious metal element, can reduce production cost and be conducive to alloy product again
Regeneration.(2) present invention cooperates with the solid solution of optimization and aging strengthening model that can greatly improve the comprehensive of die casting after composition adjustment
Close mechanical property.
Description of the drawings
Al11Si0.5Mg0.6Mn ingredient evacuated die-casting process aluminium alloy metallurgical microstructrues after the optimization heat treatment of Fig. 1 embodiments
Photo amplifies 100 times.
Al11Si0.5Mg0.6Mn ingredient evacuated die-casting process aluminium alloy metallurgical microstructrues after the optimization heat treatment of Fig. 2 embodiments
Photo amplifies 1000 times.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, to the ingredient and heat treatment process of evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys provided by the invention
Cooperative optimization method.
Specific embodiment：This implementation is by taking Al10Si0.3Mg0.6Mn aluminium alloys as an example, respectively by casting before composition adjustment
Mechanical property by the mechanical property of composition adjustment and the casting after optimization solid solution and aging strengthening model with being compared：
Step 1：According to crucible for smelting and charging weight, by Al10Si0.3Mg0.6Mn ingredients, by aluminium alloy ingots, intermediate conjunction
The order of gold, simple metal successively or is carried out at the same time melting, after furnace charge all fusing, by aluminium alloy temperature control 720 DEG C into
Row refining.Using rotary blowing blowing refining mode and inert gas argon gas is selected to carry out refinery by de-gassing.During refining, nozzle folk prescription
To rotation, rotating speed 300r/min, by solution left standstill 15 minutes after refining 15 minutes, it is ensured that melting molten aluminum hydrogen amount after refining
≤0.20cm3/ 100g meets production requirement；
Step 2：The molten aluminum that step 1 is obtained injection on vacuum die casting machine is configured to rodlike tensioning member.In press casting procedure
Low speed speed is set as 0.2m/s, high speed speed is 2.75m/s, and control pouring temperature is 700 DEG C, mold temperature is 120 DEG C, and
Ensure that cavity vacuum degree is not less than 90kPa in press casting procedure；
Step 3：The as cast condition tensile test bar that step 2 obtains is put into heat-treatment furnace and optimizes solution treatment with stove heat,
Setting is warming up to 520 DEG C, and is kept for 2 hours at such a temperature；
Step 4：After step 3, the casting is placed in water cooling in 10s, water temperature control 60-70 DEG C it
Between；
Step 5：The casting that step 4 obtains is put into heat-treatment furnace with stove heat to aging temp, 165 DEG C of set temperature,
And 6h is kept at such a temperature；
Step 6：After ageing treatment, sample is taken out from stove, the natural cooling in atmospheric environment.
Step 7：According to crucible for smelting and charging weight, calculated by Al11Si0.3Mg0.6Mn ingredients, on the basis of step 1
It is carried out after Mg, Si constituent content melting by additionally adding Al-Si intermediate alloys and pure Mg blocks and combines the ingredient pair in table 2
The optimal heat treatment process parameter answered repeats step 1 to 6 process；
Step 8：According to crucible for smelting and charging weight, calculated by Al11Si0.5Mg0.6Mn ingredients, on the basis of step 1
It is carried out after Mg, Si constituent content melting by additionally adding Al-Si intermediate alloys and pure Mg blocks and combines the ingredient pair in table 2
The optimal heat treatment process parameter answered repeats step 1 to 6 process；Three kinds of alloying components are as shown in table 1.
Step 9：The rodlike tensioning member of the evacuated die-casting process of three kinds of ingredients is sampled, mechanical property is as shown in table 3.
Table 1：Technic metal ingredient (wt.)
Optimization solid solution and aging thermal treating process parameter (being shown in Table 2) in experiment are closed according to evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn aluminium
Payment organization fine uniform, the few microcosmos structure characteristic of inner void defect, by designed by orthogonal experiment.Specific design method
For：Solid solution and the optimization of aging thermal treating process orthogonal design are carried out for each ingredient casting, is obtained corresponding to each ingredient
Optimal heat treatment parameter.
To the microcosmic knot of Al11Si0.5Mg0.6Mn ingredient samples after the solid solution by optimization and ageing treatment in this example
Structure is observed.The Al11Si0.5Mg0.6Mn ingredient evacuated die-casting process aluminium alloys for optimizing heat treatment method for embodiment as shown in Figure 1 are put
Big 100 times of metallurgical microstructrue photo, it can be seen that die casting fine microstructures are uniform in figure, there is no apparent for cast-internal
Hole defect.It is counted by macroscopic observation, die casting is without foaming phenomena after heat treatment.It is illustrated in figure 2 embodiment optimization
The Al11Si0.5Mg0.6Mn ingredient evacuated die-casting processes aluminium alloy of heat treatment method amplifies 1000 times of metallurgical microstructrue photo, can
To see, after optimizing heat treatment process, Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys tissue completes preferable nodularization and without occurring significantly in casting
It grows up, Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys Tissue distribution is than more uniform.By microstructure observing it can be found that the heat of composition adjustment sample collaboration optimization
After treatment process processing, the internal flaw of evacuated die-casting process sample is still controllable, Blister, while cast-internal group does not occur
It knits and is evenly distributed, Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys tissue completes preferable nodularization and significantly do not grow up, thus casting shows preferable mechanics
Performance.
Table 2：The corresponding optimization heat treatment process of heterogeneity
Casting elongation percentage obtained by extensometer measurement, and test environment temperature is room temperature, loading velocity 1mm/s.Each
Ingredient, each state take 5 samples to be tested.The casting of three kinds of ingredient evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys is shown in table 3
Mechanical property after state, optimization heat treatment.It can be seen that only adjust Si constituent contents and combine the heat treatment process of optimization, casting
The mechanical property of part slightly improves, but promotion amplitude is smaller, and the variation of casting elongation percentage is little.But the conjunction of AlSiMgMn aluminium is adjusted simultaneously
Mg, Si constituent content in gold, and combine the ingredient under it is corresponding optimization solid solution and aging thermal treating process after, the mechanics of casting
Performance significantly improves, and compared to the as-cast specimen of primitive component, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation percentage are respectively increased
25%th, 97%, 8%.The elongation percentage of casting is accordingly improved while casting strength particularly yield strength is improved.Embodiment
It confirms, individual adjusting component or the individual reinforcing for carrying out heat treatment optimization to evacuated die-casting process AlSiMgMn aluminium alloy castings
Effect is less than the cooperative optimization method of the present invention.
Table 3：The mechanical property of evacuated die-casting process part as cast condition and heat treatment state
In conclusion the present invention is by fine tune evacuated die-casting process part Mg, Si constituent content and cooperates with the heat treatment of optimization
Technique can greatly improve the comprehensive mechanical property of die casting, and need not introduce rare earth element or precious metal element, can reduce life
Production cost is conducive to the regeneration of alloy product again.
The above embodiment is only a kind of embodiment of the present invention, to those of ordinary skill in the art, not
Under the premise of being detached from the principle of the invention, several improvement and equivalent replacement can also be made, these carry out the claims in the present invention
Technical solution after improvement and equivalent replacement, each falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of ingredient of evacuated die-casting process aluminium silicon magnesium-manganese alloy and heat treatment process cooperative optimization method, which is characterized in that the party
Method includes the following steps：
1) alloying element adjusts：During alloy melting, AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys are carried out by Al-20Si intermediate alloys, pure Mg blocks
Mg, Si constituent content adjust, and after furnace charge all melts, the control of molten metal temperature again carries out molten metal at 720-740 DEG C
Refining treatment obtains melting molten aluminum, stands 10-30 minutes and prepares die casting；
2) evacuated die-casting process：The melting molten aluminum that the step 1) obtains on vacuum die casting machine is subjected to die casting, obtains evacuated die-casting process
Part；
3) it is heat-treated：The solid solution that the obtained evacuated die-casting process part that the step 2) obtains is optimized and aging strengthening model, Gu
Molten treatment temperature is 520-540 DEG C, and keeps 3-4h at such a temperature；Aging temperature is 160-200 DEG C, and in the temperature
Lower holding 4-7h.
2. the ingredient of evacuated die-casting process aluminium silicon magnesium-manganese alloy according to claim 1 and heat treatment process cooperative optimization method,
It is characterized in that, the aluminum alloy materials in the step 1) are AlSiMgMn series alloys, wherein should contain 7.5-13.5 weights
%Si is measured, 0.1-1.5% weight %Mg, 0.1-1.5 weight %Mn, 0.02-0.1 weight %Fe, surplus is aluminium.
3. the ingredient of evacuated die-casting process aluminium silicon magnesium-manganese alloy according to claim 1 and heat treatment process cooperative optimization method,
It is characterized in that, in AlSiMgMn aluminium alloys in the step 1), pass through Al-20Si intermediate alloys, pure Mg blocks, add 0.8-
The Si elements of 1.2 weight %, the Mg elements of 0.1-0.3 weight %.
4. the ingredient of evacuated die-casting process aluminium silicon magnesium-manganese alloy according to claim 1 and heat treatment process cooperative optimization method,
It is characterized in that, the hydrogeneous tolerance of molten aluminum is not more than 0.20cm after refining in the step 1)3/100g。
5. the ingredient of evacuated die-casting process aluminium silicon magnesium-manganese alloy according to claim 1 and heat treatment process cooperative optimization method,
It is characterized in that, in the step 2), during evacuated die-casting process, vacuum degree is not less than 90kPa in cavity.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109022945A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-18 | 潘红兵 | A kind of metal (upper flange of refrigeration compressor, partition and cylinder block rare earth special aluminum alloy materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN109957687A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-02 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of diecasting aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN110666127A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-10 | 苏州工业园区艺达精密机械有限公司 | Novel method for improving hardness of die casting |
| CN112921203A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-08 | 广东工程职业技术学院 | Grain refiner for regenerated aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN104315368A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-28 | 宁波爱科电气实业有限公司 | Clamping and fixing type LED lamp |
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| JPH093610A (en) * | 1995-06-15 | 1997-01-07 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Thin aluminum diecast product excellent in dimensional accuracy and ductility and its production |
| CN102575323A (en) * | 2009-09-10 | 2012-07-11 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Aluminum alloy casting and production method thereof |
| CN104315368A (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2015-01-28 | 宁波爱科电气实业有限公司 | Clamping and fixing type LED lamp |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109022945A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-18 | 潘红兵 | A kind of metal (upper flange of refrigeration compressor, partition and cylinder block rare earth special aluminum alloy materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN109957687A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-07-02 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of diecasting aluminum-silicon alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN110666127A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-10 | 苏州工业园区艺达精密机械有限公司 | Novel method for improving hardness of die casting |
| CN112921203A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-06-08 | 广东工程职业技术学院 | Grain refiner for regenerated aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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