CN108134653B - Information transmission method based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection - Google Patents

Information transmission method based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection Download PDF

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CN108134653B
CN108134653B CN201711407715.9A CN201711407715A CN108134653B CN 108134653 B CN108134653 B CN 108134653B CN 201711407715 A CN201711407715 A CN 201711407715A CN 108134653 B CN108134653 B CN 108134653B
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information
sequence
coding
bit
length
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CN108134653A (en
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张凯
王小军
田甜
李子墨
陈测库
刘为
秦艳
李俊威
伯佳
祁云轩
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Shaanxi Fenghuo Communication Group Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0067—Rate matching
    • H04L1/0068—Rate matching by puncturing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0078—Avoidance of errors by organising the transmitted data in a format specifically designed to deal with errors, e.g. location
    • H04L1/0086—Unequal error protection

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
  • Error Detection And Correction (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of information transmission, and discloses an information transmission method based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection, which divides information to be transmitted according to the importance of the information; encoding the sets with different importance levels by using the same encoding system (such as convolutional codes, Turbo codes, LDPC codes and the like); carrying out corresponding puncturing/punching on code words generated after coding of information with different importance to obtain protection of different degrees; thus, only one set of decoding equipment is needed at the receiving end; the technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages of simplicity, easiness in realization, flexible and variable protection degree and the like.

Description

Information transmission method based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of information transmission, and particularly relates to an information transmission method based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection.
Background
In practical application systems, the information bits with redundancy removed have different importance, i.e. different information bits play different roles in understanding the message by the user. If the important bits are not recovered, the intelligibility of speech or the visual perception of graphics is compromised and the unimportant bits, even if a small portion of the error occurs, do not have much impact on the sound/image. Therefore, when the information bits are to be transmitted, the information bits from which the redundancy is removed need to be protected to an unequal degree, which is called unequal error protection in the field of channel coding.
Important bits need to be protected to a higher degree, while non-important bits need to be protected to a weaker degree. In the recovered information, the error rate of important bits is much smaller than that of non-important bits, i.e. the error rate gradually decreases with the increase of the important level under the same condition. The unequal error protection technology in data transmission can effectively reduce the transmission power and increase the wireless communication distance on the premise of not sacrificing the voice or image quality, and conforms to the development trend of future 'green' communication.
The information of different importance levels needs to use component codes of different code rates, and the coding parameters of the component codes are different from each other. The larger the number of component codes, the larger the number of decoders at the receiving end, which directly affects the complexity of the whole system and is not beneficial to the engineering implementation.
Another more common scheme is to use concatenated codes, i.e. after primary coding (outer code) of the important bits, the obtained code words are combined with the non-important bits, and secondary coding (inner code) is performed as a whole. Thus, the non-important bits get one layer of coding protection, the important bits get two layers of coding protection, and the protection level is higher than that of the non-important bits. The secondary coding mostly adopts a coding system different from the component codes, so that different types of decoders need to be adopted during receiving, and the complexity of the system is further increased. Meanwhile, due to the existence of secondary coding, the time delay of information is increased, and the method cannot be applied to scenes with harsh real-time performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an information transmission method based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection, which can implement different levels of protection for different sets, and has the advantages of simple structure, easy implementation, flexibility and variability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
An information transmission method based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1, obtaining an information sequence to be sent, wherein the information sequence to be sent comprises I information setsi sets of information KiThe length of the medium information sequence is kiThe larger the bit i is, the corresponding ith information set KiThe smaller the importance level is, wherein I is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to I-1;
step 2, selecting a coding mode and coding parameters (n, k), wherein k represents the length of an information sequence to be coded, and n represents the length of the information sequence obtained after the information sequence with the length of k is coded according to the selected coding mode;
step 3, according to the selected coding mode and the coding parameter (n, k), the length is k0Information set of bits K0Coding is carried out to obtain an information set K0A coded sequence;
step 4, according to the selected coding mode and the coding parameter (n, k), the length of the pair is kjInformation set of bits KjCoding is carried out to obtain an information set KjA coded sequence;
step 5, for information set KjThe check bits in the coded sequence are punched to obtain an information set KjA sequence after punching;
step 6, sequentially taking the value of j from 1 to I-1, and repeatedly executing the step 4 and the step 5 to obtain an information set KjJ is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to I-1 after punching;
step 7, collecting the information K0Encoded sequence, said set of information KjAnd the sequences after the punching are sequentially arranged according to the sequence of the importance levels from large to small to obtain the information sequence which is finally transmitted.
The technical scheme of the invention has the characteristics and further improvements that:
(1) the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
in the information set K0K of (a)0Adding the length of k-k after one bit0And according to the selected coding mode and the coding parameter (n, K), adding the auxiliary sequence into the information set K0Coding is carried out to obtain a generated code word; wherein k is more than or equal to k0≥kj；
The generated code word is obtained by discarding the auxiliary sequence added in the generated code wordIntermediate code word and the last n of the generated intermediate code word0Discarding each bit to obtain an information set K0A coded sequence; wherein n is0Is a predetermined parameter of a person, and n0Not less than 0, information set K0The length of the coded sequence is n-n0-(k-k0) A bit.
(2) The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
in the information set KjK of (a)jAdding the length of k-k after one bitjAnd according to the selected coding mode and the coding parameter (n, K), adding the auxiliary sequence into the information set KjCoding is carried out to obtain an information set KjA coded sequence; wherein k is more than or equal to k0≥kj。
(3) The step 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
set information KjDiscarding auxiliary sequences added in the coded sequence and collecting information KjMth of check bit in coded sequencejljBit reservation, set of information KjDeleting other bits of check bits in the coded sequence to obtain an information set KjA sequence after perforation, wherein m is more than or equal to 0j≤Mj，MjSet of presentation information KjTotal number of check bits, l, reserved in the punctured sequencejSet of presentation information KjA check bit sequence number parameter reserved in the sequence after punching;
and set of information KjThe length of the sequence after the puncture is kj+MjA bit.
The invention provides an information transmission method based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection, which adopts the same coding strategy to code the bits of different important grades without secondary coding, namely, the information of different important grades adopts the same coding mode and the parameters are completely the same, and the code words are subjected to puncturing/punching operation of different patterns according to the importance to realize different protection capacities of the information. Thus, only one set of decoding equipment is needed at the receiving end; the technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages of simplicity, easiness in realization, flexible and variable protection degree and the like. It is possible to solve the problem that various information needs to be simultaneously provided with different protection levels in a communication system. Dividing the information to be transmitted according to the importance of the information; encoding the sets with different importance levels by using the same encoding system (such as convolutional codes, Turbo codes, LDPC codes and the like); and correspondingly deleting/punching the code words generated after the coding of the information with different importance to obtain protection of different degrees.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an information transmission method based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for obtaining an information sequence to be finally transmitted according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulation result of an error rate of unequal error transmission based on an auxiliary sequence under different signal-to-noise ratios according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the present invention provides an information transmission method based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection, as shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps:
step 1, obtaining an information sequence to be sent, wherein the information sequence to be sentThe information sequence includes I information sets, I information set KiThe length of the medium information sequence is kiThe larger the bit i is, the corresponding ith information set KiThe smaller the importance level is, wherein I is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to I-1;
step 2, selecting a coding mode and coding parameters (n, k), wherein k represents the length of an information sequence to be coded, and n represents the length of the information sequence obtained after the information sequence with the length of k is coded according to the selected coding mode;
the coding system may be any one of convolutional code, Turbo code, LDPC code, and the like, and the code rate corresponding to the coding parameter (n, k) is k/n.
Step 3, according to the selected coding mode and the coding parameter (n, k), the length is k0Information set of bits K0Coding is carried out to obtain an information set K0A coded sequence;
the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps: in the information set K0K of (a)0Adding the length of k-k after one bit0And according to the selected coding mode and the coding parameter (n, K), adding the auxiliary sequence into the information set K0Coding is carried out to obtain a generated code word; wherein k is more than or equal to k0≥kj；
Discarding the auxiliary sequence added in the generated code word to obtain a generated intermediate code word, and discarding the last n of the generated intermediate code word0Discarding each bit to obtain an information set K0A coded sequence; wherein n is0Is a predetermined parameter of a person, and n0Not less than 0, information set K0The length of the coded sequence is n-n0-(k-k0) A bit.
Step 4, according to the selected coding mode and the coding parameter (n, k), the length of the pair is kjInformation set of bits KjCoding is carried out to obtain an information set KjA coded sequence;
the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: in the information set KjK of (a)jAdding the length of k-k after one bitjAnd according to the selected coding mode and coding parametersNumber (n, K) to information set K after addition of auxiliary sequencejCoding is carried out to obtain an information set KjA coded sequence; wherein k is more than or equal to k0≥kj。
Step 5, for information set KjThe check bits in the coded sequence are punched to obtain an information set KjA sequence after punching;
the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps: set information KjDiscarding auxiliary sequences added in the coded sequence and collecting information KjMth of check bit in coded sequencejljBit reservation, set of information KjDeleting other bits of check bits in the coded sequence, i.e. keeping the 0 th bit and the l th bitiBit, 2liThe first, second and third (M)i-1)liBits, thereby obtaining a set of information KjA sequence after perforation, wherein m is more than or equal to 0j≤Mj，MjSet of presentation information KjTotal number of check bits, l, reserved in the punctured sequencejSet of presentation information KjA check bit sequence number parameter reserved in the sequence after punching;
and set of information KjThe length of the sequence after the puncture is kj+MjA bit.
Step 6, sequentially taking the value of j from 1 to I-1, and repeatedly executing the step 4 and the step 5 to obtain an information set KjJ is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to I-1 after punching;
step 7, collecting the information K0Encoded sequence, said set of information KjAnd the sequences after the punching are sequentially arranged according to the sequence of the importance levels from large to small to obtain the information sequence which is finally transmitted.
Through the steps, unequal error protection of information can be realized through one set of encoders. For information set K0The coding has the strongest protection capability because the added known auxiliary sequence is short (or has no addition) and the puncturing/puncturing operation is not performed on the check bits. In pair information set KiWhen I is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to I-1, the parity bits are subjected to puncturing/punching operation and different weightsPuncturing/puncturing parameter m corresponding to the level of interestjljThis therefore results in different protection capabilities, the more check bits that are reserved the stronger the protection capability and vice versa.
And decoding the code words with different importance levels by using the same decoder at a receiving end. Converting a received value into a log-likelihood ratio, inserting a fixed numerical value at the position of an original added auxiliary sequence of an information bit according to the encoding process, inserting a maximum value Max _ value when the original position is set as a bit 0, and inserting-1 multiplied Max _ value when the original position is set as a bit 1; a value of 0 is inserted at the location where the check bits are deleted. And sending the modified log-likelihood ratio vectors to a decoder in sequence to respectively obtain information of different importance levels.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the voice transmission is taken as an example for explanation. The speech coding scheme used in the current stage of a certain type radio station is that 720 bits are subjected to 1/3 rate coding to obtain 2160 coded bits, and then the 2160 bits are sent to the previous layer to be subjected to operations such as data framing, training sequence adding and the like. The transmission duration is 300 ms and the speech transmission rate is 2400 bits/sec. It can be seen that the original coding strategy neglects the importance level problem existing in 720 bits, and all types of bits have the same error rate at the receiving end. To improve the original encoding technique, 720 bits can be encoded by using the unequal error protection transmission technique provided by the invention.
Illustratively, as shown in fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention provides a process for obtaining an information sequence to be finally transmitted, and it is known that the information sequence to be transmitted has 720 bits in total, and there are two importance levels, i.e., important and non-important, respectively. 385 important bits and 335 non-important bits. The coding adopts LDPC code, the coding parameters are (1540, 385), and the code rate is 0.25. For simplicity, the added auxiliary sequences are all 0-bit vectors, and the encoding steps are as follows:
firstly, after adding an auxiliary sequence with the length of 0 to the important 385 bits, encoding the auxiliary sequence with the code rate of 0.25 by using an LDPC code to obtain 1540-bit important code words, discarding the added auxiliary sequence with the length of 0 and the last 0 bits of the generated code words, and finally reserving 1540 bits.
Secondly, after the auxiliary sequence with the length of 50 is added to the unimportant 335 bits, the LDPC code with the code rate of 0.25 is used for coding to obtain 1540-bit unimportant code words. Discarding the last added auxiliary sequence of length 50 for the information bits; for the check bits, the sequence number is ml, the check bits with (0 < ═ m < 285, l ═ 4) are retained, and the rest are discarded. Finally 620 bits are reserved.
Finally, the bits reserved in the last two steps are arranged in sequence according to the importance level to obtain 2160 bits as the sending code word, and the comprehensive code rate 1/3.
In order to verify the protection degree of the unequal error protection transmission technology on information, aiming at the above example, the method is simulated according to the flow shown in fig. 2, and a Binary Phase Shift Key (BPSK) modulation mode is adopted to obtain the simulation result of the bit error rate of unequal error transmission based on an auxiliary sequence under the condition of different signal-to-noise ratios, as shown in fig. 3.
As can be seen from the simulation chart, the Bit Error Rate (BER) of important information is much smaller than that of non-important information under the same signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) condition. BER 10-3The difference of the two is close to 4.4dB for judging the standard, thereby realizing the purpose of important information key protection and greatly improving the speech intelligibility. It should be noted that, except for the LDPC code, any coding scheme based on the soft-decision decoding algorithm may employ the technique proposed in the present invention to implement unequal error protection.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or part of the steps for realizing the method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, the program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program executes the steps comprising the method embodiments when executed; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. An information transmission method based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining an information sequence to be sent, wherein the information sequence to be sent comprises I information sets, and the ith information set KiThe length of the medium information sequence is kiThe larger the bit i is, the corresponding ith information set KiThe smaller the importance level is, wherein I is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to I-1;
step 2, selecting a coding mode and coding parameters (n, k), wherein k represents the length of an information sequence to be coded, and n represents the length of the information sequence obtained after the information sequence with the length of k is coded according to the selected coding mode;
step 3, according to the selected coding mode and the coding parameter (n, k), the length is k0Information set of bits K0Coding is carried out to obtain an information set K0A coded sequence;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
in the information set K0K of (a)0Adding the length of k-k after one bit0And according to the selected coding mode and the coding parameter (n, K), adding the auxiliary sequence into the information set K0Coding is carried out to obtain a generated code word; wherein k is more than or equal to k0≥kj；
Discarding the auxiliary sequence added in the generated code word to obtain a generated intermediate code word, and discarding the last n of the generated intermediate code word0Discarding each bit to obtain an information set K0A coded sequence; wherein n is0Is a predetermined parameter of a person, and n0Not less than 0, information set K0The length of the coded sequence is n-n0-(k-k0) A bit;
step 4, according to the selected coding mode and the coding parameter (n, k), the length of the pair is kjInformation set of bits KjCoding is carried out to obtain an information set KjJ is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to I-1 of the coded sequence;
step 5, for information set KjThe check bits in the coded sequence are punched to obtain an information set KjA sequence after punching;
step 6, sequentially taking the value of j from 1 to I-1, and repeatedly executing the step 4 and the step 5 to obtain an information set KjA sequence after punching;
step 7, collecting the information K0Encoded sequence, said set of information KjAnd the sequences after the punching are sequentially arranged according to the sequence of the importance levels from large to small to obtain the information sequence which is finally transmitted.
2. The method for information transmission based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 specifically comprises:
in the information set KjK of (a)jAdding the length of k-k after one bitjAnd according to the selected coding mode and the coding parameter (n, K), adding the auxiliary sequence into the information set KjCoding is carried out to obtain an information set KjA coded sequence; wherein k is more than or equal to k0≥kj。
3. The method for information transmission based on auxiliary sequence unequal error protection according to claim 1, wherein the step 5 specifically comprises:
set information KjDiscarding auxiliary sequences added in the coded sequence and collecting information KjMth of check bit in coded sequencejljBit reservation, set of information KjDeleting other bits of check bits in the coded sequence to obtain an information set KjA sequence after perforation, wherein m is more than or equal to 0j≤Mj，MjSet of presentation information KjTotal number of check bits, l, reserved in the punctured sequencejSet of presentation information KjReserved correction in punctured sequencesChecking a bit sequence number parameter;
and set of information KjThe length of the sequence after the puncture is kj+MjA bit.
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