CN108134126A - The triggering method of battery internal short-circuit - Google Patents
The triggering method of battery internal short-circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN108134126A CN108134126A CN201711228705.9A CN201711228705A CN108134126A CN 108134126 A CN108134126 A CN 108134126A CN 201711228705 A CN201711228705 A CN 201711228705A CN 108134126 A CN108134126 A CN 108134126A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
- H01M10/446—Initial charging measures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of triggering method of battery internal short-circuit provided by the invention includes providing battery core.The battery core includes anode, cathode and diaphragm.Metal powder is introduced inside the battery core, obtains the battery core of internal metal-containing powders.The battery core of the internal metal-containing powders is assembled into the battery of internal metal-containing powders.The diaphragm inside the charge and discharge cycles induction dendritic growth puncture battery core is carried out to the battery of the internal metal-containing powders, so as to trigger the battery internal short-circuit of the internal metal-containing powders.The triggering method of the battery internal short-circuit makes it pierce through diaphragm triggering battery internal short-circuit by adding in metal powder in inside battery, using the method induction dendritic growth of cycle charge-discharge.The triggering method of the battery internal short-circuit does not need to destroy the mechanical structure of battery, while is caused by inside, the more preferable battery internal short-circuit that must be simulated under truth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery technology field, more particularly to a kind of triggering method of battery internal short-circuit.
Background technology
Under the pressure of environmental pollution and energy crisis, due to the demand in energy-saving and emission-reduction, hybrid vehicle, pure electric vehicle
Automobile and fuel cell car are more approved by people.Wherein, pure electric automobile is considered following most potential
One of solution.Power battery is the sole power source of pure electric automobile.At present, most of pure electric automobiles are all selected
Lithium ion battery is as energy source.However, lithium-ion-power cell has certain potential safety problem, take place frequently in recent years
Hot fried grade safety hazards, threaten to the personal safety and property safety of consumer.
The safety problem of lithium ion battery always shows as the thermal runaway of battery.The thermal runaway of lithium ion battery may be by machine
Tool abuse (extruding, needle thorn, vibration etc.), electricity abuse (super-charge super-discharge, inside and outside short circuit etc.) and hot abuse (applied at elevated temperature environment
Deng) cause.Internal short-circuit is most common in electricity abuse one kind of triggering form and lithium-ion-power cell thermal runaway accident lures
One of because.It, can be by changing lithium ion battery for the lithium ion battery internal short-circuit under utmostly simulation truth
Internal structure triggering internal short-circuit.At present, traditional lithium ion battery internal short-circuit triggering method can be in inside lithium ion cell
It is implanted into controllable material or manufacture diaphragm aperture causes internal short-circuit by extruding.However, the above method destroys lithium ion battery
Mechanical structure, caused by lithium ion battery material damage far beyond practical internal short-circuit process, can not real simulation it is practical
In be easiest to that also most dangerous self-initiating internal short-circuit occurs.Therefore, traditional lithium ion battery internal short-circuit triggering method emulates journey
It spends relatively low.
Invention content
Based on this, it is necessary to which the problem of destroying battery machine structure for common cell internal short-circuit triggering method provides one
Kind does not need to destroy the mechanical structure of battery, and emulator is high, and the battery internal short-circuit that more preferable can must be simulated under truth touches
Forwarding method.
A kind of triggering method of battery internal short-circuit includes：
S10, provides battery core, and the battery core includes anode pole piece, cathode pole piece and diaphragm；
S20 introduces metal powder inside the battery core, obtains the battery core of internal metal-containing powders；
The battery core of the internal metal-containing powders is assembled into the battery of internal metal-containing powders by S30；
S40 carries out charge and discharge cycles induction dendritic growth to the battery of the internal metal-containing powders and pierces through the battery core
Internal diaphragm, so as to trigger the battery internal short-circuit of the internal metal-containing powders.
The step S20 includes in one of the embodiments,：
S210 provides metal powder；
S220 disassembles the battery core；
S230 is put into metal powder in the battery core after disassembling, to obtain the battery core of the internal metal-containing powders.
In one of the embodiments, in the step S230, the metal powder be placed on the anode pole piece with it is described
Between diaphragm.
The particle diameter of the metal powder is 10 μm~500 μm in one of the embodiments,.
The battery core to selected battery by carrying out disassembling acquisition in one of the embodiments,.
The step S30 includes in one of the embodiments,：
S310 provides battery case；
The battery core of the internal metal-containing powders is put into the battery case by S320；
S330 injects suitable electrolyte into the battery case；
The battery case is packaged by S340, obtains the battery of the internal metal-containing powders.
The S30 steps further include in one of the embodiments,：
The battery of the internal metal-containing powders is carried out charge and discharge by S350, to stablize the internal metal-containing powders
Battery.
The step S40 includes in one of the embodiments,：
S410 carries out charge and discharge cycles to the battery of the internal metal-containing powders；
S420 during charge and discharge cycles, calculates the charge capacity of the internal metal-containing powders battery and electric discharge electricity
Amount；
S430, when the charge capacity is more than the discharge electricity amount, in the battery generation of the internal metal-containing powders
Short circuit.
The triggering method of the battery internal short-circuit further includes in one of the embodiments,：S50 obtains the inside and contains
Parameter during internal short-circuit occurs for the battery of metal powder, and internally short circuit safety can be evaluated.
The S50 steps include in one of the embodiments,：
S510 obtains recurring number when internal short-circuit occurs for the first time for the batteries of the internal metal-containing powders；
Internal short-circuit occurs for S520, the battery for obtaining the internal metal-containing powders until the recurring number of battery failure；
Whether S530, the battery for detecting the internal metal-containing powders occur thermal runaway and the highest temperature of thermal runaway occur
Degree；
S540, according to it is described it is first occur internal short-circuit when recurring number, it is described generation internal short-circuit following until battery failure
Number of rings and the maximum temperature that thermal runaway occurs to the internal short-circuit security performance of the battery of the internal metal-containing powders into
Row evaluation.
A kind of triggering method of battery internal short-circuit provided by the invention includes providing battery core.The battery core includes anode, bears
Pole and diaphragm.Metal powder is introduced inside the battery core, obtains the battery core of internal metal-containing powders.By the inside containing gold
The battery core for belonging to powder is assembled into the battery of internal metal-containing powders.Charge and discharge are carried out to the battery of the internal metal-containing powders to follow
Ring induction dendritic growth pierces through the diaphragm inside the battery core, so as to trigger the battery internal short-circuit of the internal metal-containing powders.
The triggering method of the battery internal short-circuit induces branch by adding in metal powder in inside battery, using the method for cycle charge-discharge
Crystals growth makes it pierce through diaphragm triggering battery internal short-circuit.The triggering method of the battery internal short-circuit does not need to destroy the machinery of battery
Structure, while caused by inside, the more preferable battery internal short-circuit that must be simulated under truth.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the implementing procedure figure of the triggering method of battery internal short-circuit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the discharge and recharge change curve that lithium ion battery of the present invention is carried out with cycle.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, by the following examples, it and combines attached
Figure, the present invention will be described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only explaining this hair
It is bright, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is referred to, a kind of triggering method of battery internal short-circuit includes
S10, provides battery core, and the battery core includes anode pole piece, cathode pole piece and diaphragm.
The anode pole piece and the cathode pole piece include collector made of conductive material.The collection of the anode pole piece
Fluid is known as plus plate current-collecting body, and the collector of the cathode pole piece is known as negative current collector.The anode pole piece and the cathode
Pole piece further includes the slurry containing anode and cathode active materials coated in collection liquid surface, and tab welding is in collector and leads to volume
Outside core.The collector refers to the structure for collecting electric current or part, and metal foil, such as copper are generally referred on lithium ion battery
Foil, aluminium foil.Lug can also be included by referring to.The function of collector mainly collects the electric current that cell active materials generate
To form larger current versus output, therefore collector should come into full contact with active material, and internal resistance should be as small as possible
It is preferred.As long as it is not chemically reacted in charge and discharge, and the effect that can play transmission electronics can serve as collector.One
As in the case of anode using aluminium as plus plate current-collecting body, cathode uses copper as negative current collector.The diaphragm is a kind of through spy
Different molding macromolecule membrane, film has microcellular structure, ion can be allowed to pass freely through, and electronics cannot pass through.
In one embodiment, a lithium ion battery is selected, the selected lithium ion battery needs short in progress
A lithium ion battery of road safety evaluatio.The lithium ion battery is disassembled under certain temperature damp condition,
It is carried out in glove box or drying shed, short circuit should be avoided during disassembling, so as to obtain the battery core of the lithium ion battery.Or
Person is in battery production manufacturing process, directly acquires the battery core that the lithium ion battery does not carry out fluid injection, chemical conversion.
S20 introduces metal powder inside the battery core, obtains the battery core of internal metal-containing powders.
Battery is mixed into other metal impurities or in the fabrication process there are fault of construction etc., is susceptible in recycling
The growth of metallic dendrite so as to pierce through diaphragm, leads to the generation of battery internal short-circuit, and then can realize in the progress of required battery
Short circuit safety is evaluated.The metal powder can be copper powder or iron powder etc..By introducing metal powder inside the battery core,
And the battery core of internal metal-containing powders is obtained, it can not need to destroy the mechanical structure of battery in this way.Meanwhile caused by inside,
The more preferable battery internal short-circuit that must be simulated under truth.
In one embodiment, the step S20 includes
S210 provides metal powder.
The metal powder is electrically conductive metallic particles.The metal powder can be copper powder, iron powder, bronze, silver powder,
The conductive metal powder such as glass putty, aluminium powder.Metal powder includes single metal powder, alloy powder and with metal
Certain infusible compound powder of property are the main raw material(s)s of powder metallurgy.Metal powder belongs to fluffy substance, performance
Concentrated expression metal property in itself and the character of individual particle and the characteristic of particle swarm.The metal powder is usually by transformation
Action principle be divided into two class of Mechanical Method and physical-chemical process.Not only it can be obtained, but also can be from from the directly refinement of solid, liquid, gas state metal
Metallic compound under its different conditions is through restoring, being pyrolyzed, being electrolysed and change and produce.Because of preparation method difference, same powder
The characteristics such as shape, structure and granularity usually difference is very big.Wherein most widely used is reduction method, atomization, electrolysis.
S220 disassembles the battery core.
The battery core is disassembled in glove box or drying shed.It is needed to pay attention to when disassembling：Forbid colliding electricity with sharp component
Pond is answered cleaning environment, is avoided with the presence of sharp component；Forbid opening or destroy flanging, forbid bending lug, forbid falling
It falls, impact, bend battery core；Forbid tapping or trampling battery with hammer；Forbid percussion or throwing battery；Whenever short circuit is forbidden
Battery core, it can cause battery core badly damaged, forbid with metal object such as wire short-circuiting connection battery plus-negative plate.
S230 is put into metal powder in the battery core after disassembling, to obtain the battery core of the internal metal-containing powders.
After the battery core is disassembled in glove box or drying shed, metal powder is placed in its specific position.Wherein, it places
Position is in side of the positive electrode.The specific position can be at the edge of side of the positive electrode or in center.
In one embodiment, in the step S230, the metal powder is placed on the diaphragm and the anode pole
Between piece.The metal powder can be placed on the anode pole piece center, can also be set to the edge of the anode pole piece.
The position difference for disassembling the rear battery core is positioned over according to metal powder, obtains different types of internal short-circuit.Also
It is to say, it can be by the way that the application place of the electrode superior pole piece active material be controlled to control the type of internal short-circuit.In the afflux
Body surface face coating electrode material paste, such as：The painting cloth length of negative material is reduced in core final stage or 1- can be utilized
- 2 pyrrolidones of methyl (N-Methyl pyrrolidone, NMP) solvent wipes some electrode materials of the anode pole piece.
The metallized metal powder is positioned over corresponding positive electrode side, you can triggering positive electrode-copper type internal short-circuit；It will be right
The positive electrode and negative material for answering position are wiped, and metallic particles are placed directly on exposed plus plate current-collecting body aluminium, you can touch
Send out Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding type internal short-circuit.Wherein, the short-circuit resistance of the internal short-circuit of the aluminium-negative material type is smaller, and heat easily occurs and loses
Control.
The production method of the battery core of the internal metal-containing powders can be divided into stacked and takeup type.It is described stacked to be
The positive and negative anodes pole piece, the diaphragm are cut into the size of predetermined size.Then by the anode pole piece, diaphragm, described
Cathode pole piece is overlapped into small battery core monomer.Then, small battery core monomer is stacked to the one high-capacity lithium-ion electricity of composition that is together in parallel
Pond battery core.The takeup type is that the pole piece after slitting is fixed on volume needle with volume needle rotation, by the anode pole piece, described
Cathode pole piece and the diaphragm are rolled into the technology mode of lithium-ion electric core.The ginsengs such as the size of pole piece, number of turns of winding herein
Several design capacities according to lithium ion battery are determined.Thus, it is possible to obtain the battery core of the internal metal-containing powders, is used
Battery is made.
In one embodiment, the particle diameter of the metal powder is 10 μm~500 μm.
In one embodiment, the battery core to selected battery by carrying out disassembling acquisition.The battery core passes through to choosing
Fixed battery is disassembled, and obtains the battery core of battery.
In one embodiment, the battery core can also be by battery production manufacturing process, directly acquiring and not entering shell
Battery core.Provided that battery core be that selected battery is disassembled, then will add the battery of metal powder back into
During shell, only it need to slightly supplement fluid injection and complete encapsulation.Provided that battery core be in battery production manufacturing process, directly
The battery core for not entering shell obtained.So, the unfinished battery core for manufacturing flow is carried out into shell, fluid injection, encapsulation and chemical conversion.
The battery core of the internal metal-containing powders is assembled into the battery of internal metal-containing powders by S30.
The production process of battery is repeated, the battery core for adding the internal metal-containing powders is entered into shell, fluid injection and completion
Encapsulation.
In one embodiment, the step S30 includes
S310 provides battery case.
The battery core of the internal metal-containing powders is put into the battery case by S320.The inside is contained into metal powder
The battery core at end is put into shell, and the battery core of the internal metal-containing powders is packaged in the shell, and there are one open for setting
Mouthful.The battery core of the internal metal-containing powders is fitted into made battery case, with sealing machine heat-sealing battery, and there are one staying
Opening, to inject electrolyte.
S330 injects suitable electrolyte into the battery case.By the opening, injected into the shell suitable
The electrolyte of amount.The battery core for taking out the internal metal-containing powders carries out fluid injection process.By the opening, suitable electricity is injected
Solve liquid.The solute of the electrolyte is frequently with lithium salts, such as lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoro phosphate, LiBF4.Due to the work of battery
Make the decomposition voltage that voltage is far above water, therefore the solvent of the electrolyte is frequently with organic solvent, such as ether, ethylene carbonic acid
Ester, propylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate etc..
The battery case is packaged by S340, obtains the battery of the internal metal-containing powders.By it is described be open into
Row encapsulation obtains the battery of the internal metal-containing powders.The opening is sealed by sealing machine, when heat-sealing needs to protect
Opening airbag is stayed, so that the gas that battery generates in formation process can be rested in airbag, battery swell will not be caused simultaneously
Cause battery leakage, then shelve battery 24 hours.
In one embodiment, the S30 steps further include
The battery of the internal metal-containing powders is carried out charge and discharge by S350, to stablize the internal metal-containing powders
Battery.The battery of the internal metal-containing powders is melted by electric current.It is described chemical conversion be by battery place test cabinet into
Row charge-discharge test is the important procedure in lithium ion battery production process.The main function of chemical conversion：First, make active in battery
Substance is converted to the substance with normal electrochemical action by means of first time charging；Second is that electrode is made to be mainly that cathode is formed with
The passivating film or solid electrolyte facial mask (SEI films) of effect.In order to which cathode graphite surface is made to form uniform solid electrolyte facial mask
(SEI films), the method for generally use staged charge and discharge, in the different stages, charging and discharging currents are different, and the time shelved is not yet
Together, it should specifically be grasped according to material and process route used.Usually chemical conversion time control is in left and right for 24 hours.The SEI of negative terminal surface
Film plays the stability of battery important role in the electrochemical reaction of lithium ion battery.Treat battery electrochemical shape
After state is stablized, battery capacity is to become stable.Therefore, some chemical conversion programs include multiple charge and discharge cycles to reach stable battery
Purpose.The quality of solid electrolyte facial mask directly influences the electricity such as cycle life, stability, self discharge, the safety of battery
Chemical property.Lithium ion battery can discharge the gas rested in airbag in formation process.It, will be outer after gas is discharged
Shell thoroughly seals.
S40 carries out charge and discharge cycles induction dendritic growth to the battery of the internal metal-containing powders and pierces through the battery core
Internal diaphragm, so as to trigger the battery internal short-circuit of the internal metal-containing powders.During lithium ion battery is manufactured
The metal powder is added in, by charge and discharge cycles, the metal powder dissolving is spread and is precipitated, so as to which inducing metal dendrite is given birth to
Long, final dendrite pierces through diaphragm, so as to trigger the internal short-circuit of lithium ion battery.Pass through the battery to the internal metal-containing powders
The method for carrying out charge and discharge cycles induction dendritic growth can cause the decline of cell voltage and the raising of temperature simultaneously.Meanwhile institute
The assay reproducibility of stating the triggering method of battery internal short-circuit is strong, internal short-circuit controllably triggers, caused by battery material damage with
Practical internal short-circuit is close.
In one embodiment, the step S40 includes
S410 carries out charge and discharge cycles to the battery of the internal metal-containing powders.
When the battery to the internal metal-containing powders carries out charge and discharge cycles, with the constant current of 1C~3C electric currents to described interior
The battery of portion's metal-containing powders charges, until to being charged using constant pressure after blanking voltage；With 1C~3C electric current constant currents
It discharges the battery of the internal metal-containing powders, until blanking voltage.To the batteries of the internal metal-containing powders into
Row charge and discharge cycles are until internal short-circuit occurs for battery, while measures the surface temperature of the internal metal-containing powders battery.Work as institute
State internal metal-containing powders battery occur internal short-circuit after, it is possible that bulging, it is on fire phenomena such as, battery surface temperature can on
It rises, charge capacity is significantly greater than discharge electricity amount in cycle, cell voltage rapid decrease when being stood after charging, it is possible to decline
To normal battery operation voltage range.
S420 during charge and discharge cycles, calculates the charge capacity of the internal metal-containing powders battery and electric discharge electricity
Amount.
Charge-discharge machine supplemental characteristics such as meeting record current, voltage when charge and discharge, can be according to current integration method (Ah products
Point-score) charge capacity, discharge electricity amount are calculated automatically.
Ah integration methods can be used for all batteries of electric automobile.Ah integration methods are used from the energy of external record disengaging battery
Integration measures be filled with battery and the energy released from battery in real time, and prolonged record and monitoring are carried out to the electricity of battery, from
And the remaining capacity of battery any time can be provided.
S430, when the charge capacity is more than the discharge electricity amount, in the battery generation of the internal metal-containing powders
Short circuit.
The battery internal short-circuit of the internal metal-containing powders refers to the dendritic growth of the metal powder, causes the inside
The positive and negative pole material conducting of metal-containing powders battery, while because potential difference generates the phenomenon that discharging simultaneously with heat.The inside
When internal short-circuit occurs for metal-containing powders battery, larger electric current can be generated, while also generate heat.In this process, it is described
The heat and the electric energy of release that internal metal-containing powders battery generates can cause battery life to be badly damaged.After internal short-circuit occurs,
The local current that inside battery generates can discharge a certain amount of Joule heat, and the battery material of internal short-circuit locality is heated.When
When internal temperature of battery does not reach the temperature of triggering battery thermal runaway chain reaction, battery occurs constantly self discharge and discharges
Heat influences performance and the service life of lithium ion battery；If internal temperature of battery has reached triggering battery thermal runaway chain reaction
Temperature, internal short-circuit is phenomena such as causing the thermal runaway of battery, explosion on fire occurs, to threaten the person and property safety.
In one embodiment, the triggering method of the battery internal short-circuit further includes：
S50 obtains the parameter during the battery generation internal short-circuit of the internal metal-containing powders, and to internal short-circuit safety
Performance is evaluated.
Some chemical property are very active in battery, it is easy to burn.When battery charging and discharging, inside battery persistently rises
Temperature, generated gas expansion in activation process, increases inner pressure of battery.Pressure reaches a certain level, if shell has scar, i.e.,
It can rupture, cause leakage, on fire or even explosion.In use, battery internal short-circuit is the one of battery abuse triggering form
Kind.Meanwhile one of most common inducement in lithium-ion-power cell thermal runaway accident.With raising of the battery system than energy,
Lithium ion battery electrode material thickens, diaphragm is thinning, and the probability that internal short-circuit occurs for battery increases.It is so short in being carried out to battery
Road security performance evaluate most important, is essential step before battery manufacture.
In one embodiment, the S50 steps include：
S510 obtains recurring number when internal short-circuit occurs for battery first of the internal metal-containing powders.It is first to occur
Recurring number during internal short-circuit is bigger, illustrates that the internal short-circuit safety of the internal metal-containing powders battery is better, in practice more not
Self-initiating internal short-circuit easily occurs.
S520 obtains the generation internal short-circuit of battery of the internal metal-containing powders until the recurring number of battery failure.Such as
Fruit generation internal short-circuit is larger until the recurring number of battery failure, illustrates that internal short-circuit is occurring for the battery of the internal metal-containing powders
Afterwards, the aggravation of internal short-circuit degree is slower, and battery management system can in time be noted abnormalities battery by the monitoring of internal short-circuit algorithm
And handle, reduce its extent of injury.
Whether S530, the battery for detecting the internal metal-containing powders occur thermal runaway and the highest temperature of thermal runaway occur
Degree.By the triggering method of the battery internal short-circuit, when internal short-circuit occurs, the internal metal-containing powders electricity can be captured simultaneously
The thermoelectricity feature in pond judges whether that thermal runaway occurs.Thermal runaway refers to that lithium ion battery is reacted due to internal composition material exothermic
It is caused can not controlling temperature rise sharply phenomenon, be generally accompanied with the leakage of battery flatulence, on fire, explosion.In case of after internal short-circuit not
Thermal runaway occurs, illustrates that the battery security of the internal metal-containing powders is higher.In case of thermal runaway, the thermal runaway highest temperature
Degree is higher, and the battery security of the internal metal-containing powders is poorer.
S540, according to it is described it is first occur internal short-circuit when recurring number, it is described generation internal short-circuit following until battery failure
Number of rings and the maximum temperature that thermal runaway occurs to the internal short-circuit security performance of the battery of the internal metal-containing powders into
Row evaluation.
Recurring number during first generation internal short-circuit is bigger, illustrates the internal short-circuit safety of the internal metal-containing powders battery
It is better, it is less susceptible to that self-initiating internal short-circuit occurs in practice.In case of internal short-circuit until the recurring number of battery failure is larger, say
The battery of the bright internal metal-containing powders is after occurring internal short-circuit, and the aggravation of internal short-circuit degree is slower, and battery management system can
It battery and is handled with being noted abnormalities in time by the monitoring of internal short-circuit algorithm, reduces its extent of injury.After internal short-circuit
Thermal runaway does not occur, illustrates that the battery security of the internal metal-containing powders is higher.In case of thermal runaway, thermal runaway highest
Temperature is higher, and the battery security of the internal metal-containing powders is poorer.
The triggering method of the battery internal short-circuit utilizes the side of cycle charge-discharge by adding in metal powder in inside battery
Method induction dendritic growth makes it pierce through diaphragm triggering battery internal short-circuit.The triggering method of the battery internal short-circuit does not need to destroy electricity
The mechanical structure in pond, while caused by inside, the more preferable battery internal short-circuit that must be simulated under truth.Also, internal short-circuit heat production
Amount is absorbed completely by battery, and the electricity consumed by internal short-circuit is close with battery discharge capacity, utmostly under simulation truth
Internal short-circuit.Therefore, the triggering method of the battery internal short-circuit can carry out probing into for internal short-circuit mechanism, for internal short-circuit identification with
Detection algorithm provides foundation, while evaluates the internal short-circuit safety of battery, and the safety Design for battery pack provides reference.
In one embodiment, a kind of triggering method of battery internal short-circuit includes the following steps：
S10, provides battery core, and the battery core includes anode pole piece, cathode pole piece and diaphragm.
A soft bag lithium ionic cell is selected, the positive electrode active materials of the soft bag lithium ionic cell are nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary material
Material, the negative electrode active material of the soft bag lithium ionic cell is graphite, and diaphragm has PE matrix, capacity 1Ah.Flexible packing material
Including laminated body and it is formed in the sealant on the laminated body surface.The laminated body includes the base material being cascading
Layer, adhesive layer and aluminium foil layer.The sealant includes the binding resin layer being cascading and hot sealing layer.The binding resin
Layer is formed on another surface of the aluminium foil layer, and the laminated body and the sealant are compound by hot pressing roll laminating.
It, which is directly obtained, during the selected soft bag lithium ionic cell is manufactured does not enter the battery core of shell, it is described soft
Packet lithium ion battery is takeup type.
S20 introduces metal powder inside the battery core, obtains the battery core of internal metal-containing powders.
S210 disassembles the battery core.The battery core is disassembled in drying shed, wherein drying shed temperature is 25 DEG C, dew point
Temperature is -40 DEG C.
S220 is put into metal powder in the battery core after disassembling.A certain amount of metal powder is placed in the battery core center
End, the copper powder that a diameter of about 50 μm of the metal powder.
S230 makes the battery core for being put into metal powder, obtains the battery core of the internal metal-containing powders.Using the side of winding
Formula makes the battery core for being put into metal powder, again wraps around.When making the battery core of the internal metal-containing powders using takeup type, note
Meaning prevents the metal powder from not moving.
The battery core of the internal metal-containing powders is assembled into the battery of internal metal-containing powders by S30.The inside is contained
The battery core of metal powder enters shell, fluid injection, encapsulation.
The battery cores of the internal metal-containing powders is put into shell by S310, and will the internal metal-containing powders battery core
It is packaged in the shell, and there are one be open for setting.
By the opening, suitable electrolyte is injected into the shell by S320.
The opening is packaged by S330, obtains the battery of the internal metal-containing powders.
S40 carries out charge and discharge cycles induction dendritic growth to the battery of the internal metal-containing powders and pierces through the battery core
Internal diaphragm, so as to trigger the battery internal short-circuit of the internal metal-containing powders.
S410 carries out charge and discharge cycles to the battery of the internal metal-containing powders.To the internal metal-containing powders
Lithium ion battery carries out charge and discharge cycles using 1A electric currents.
S420, in charge and discharge cycles, diaphragm is pierced through in metallic dendrite growth, leads to the battery of the internal metal-containing powders
The generation of internal short-circuit.Dendritic growth is induced to pierce through the diaphragm inside the battery core, until internal short-circuit occurs for battery.
S50 obtains the parameter during the battery generation internal short-circuit of the internal metal-containing powders, and to internal short-circuit safety
Performance is evaluated.
S510 obtains recurring number during first generation internal short-circuit；
S520 is obtained and internal short-circuit is occurred until the recurring number of battery failure；
S530 detects whether that thermal runaway occurs and the maximum temperature of thermal runaway occurs；
S540, according to it is described it is first occur internal short-circuit when recurring number, it is described generation internal short-circuit following until battery failure
Number of rings and the maximum temperature that thermal runaway occurs to the internal short-circuit security performance of the battery of the internal metal-containing powders into
Row evaluation.
Fig. 2 is referred to, after internal short-circuit occurs for the lithium ion battery of the internal metal-containing powders, the inside contains metal
The charge capacity of the lithium ion battery of powder is more than discharge electricity amount.With the progress of charge and discharge cycles, the inside contains metal powder
The charge/discharge capacity of the lithium ion battery at end continuously decreases, the lithium-ion electric of the internal metal-containing powders since cycle 9
The discharge capacity in pond quickly reduces, and charge volume increases with discharge capacity difference, the lithium-ion electric of this explanation internal metal-containing powders
Internal short-circuit has occurred in the inside in pond.The continuous of lithium ion battery of the internal metal-containing powders carries out self discharge guiding discharge amount
It is decreased obviously.Recurring number during the first generation internal short-circuit is equal to 9, and the lithium ion battery of the internal metal-containing powders compares
Internal short-circuit easily occurs.The lithium ion battery of internal metal-containing powders described in this experiment does not fail, thermal runaway does not occur, says
The lithium ion battery internal short-circuit of the bright internal metal-containing powders extends relatively slowly after occurring, and can find in time and carry out safe place
Reason.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, it is all considered to be the range of this specification record.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Cannot the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention therefore be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention
Protect range.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of triggering method of battery internal short-circuit, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S10, provides battery core, and the battery core includes anode pole piece, cathode pole piece and diaphragm；
S20 introduces metal powder inside the battery core, obtains the battery core of internal metal-containing powders；
The battery core of the internal metal-containing powders is assembled into the battery of internal metal-containing powders by S30；
S40 carries out charge and discharge cycles induction dendritic growth to the battery of the internal metal-containing powders and pierces through inside the battery core
Diaphragm, so as to trigger the battery internal short-circuit of the internal metal-containing powders.
2. the triggering method of battery internal short-circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S20 includes：
S210 provides metal powder；
S220 disassembles the battery core；
S230 is put into metal powder in the battery core after disassembling, to obtain the battery core of the internal metal-containing powders.
3. the triggering method of battery internal short-circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the step S230, the gold
Belong to powder to be placed between the anode pole piece and the diaphragm.
4. the triggering method of battery internal short-circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the particle diameter of the metal powder
It is 10 μm~500 μm.
5. the triggering method of battery internal short-circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the battery core passes through to selected electricity
Pond carries out disassembling acquisition.
6. the triggering method of battery internal short-circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S30 includes：
S310 provides battery case；
The battery core of the internal metal-containing powders is put into the battery case by S320；
S330 injects suitable electrolyte into the battery case；
The battery case is packaged by S340, obtains the battery of the internal metal-containing powders.
7. the triggering method of battery internal short-circuit as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the S30 steps further include：
The battery of the internal metal-containing powders is carried out charge and discharge by S350, to stablize the battery of the internal metal-containing powders.
8. the triggering method of battery internal short-circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S40 includes：
S410 carries out charge and discharge cycles to the battery of the internal metal-containing powders；
S420 during charge and discharge cycles, calculates the charge capacity and discharge electricity amount of the internal metal-containing powders battery；
S430, when the charge capacity is more than the discharge electricity amount, internal short-circuit occurs for the battery of the internal metal-containing powders.
9. the triggering method of battery internal short-circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the triggering side of the battery internal short-circuit
Method further includes：
S50 obtains the parameter during the battery generation internal short-circuit of the internal metal-containing powders, and internally short circuit safety energy
It is evaluated.
10. the triggering method of battery internal short-circuit as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the S50 steps include：
S510 obtains recurring number when internal short-circuit occurs for the first time for the batteries of the internal metal-containing powders；
Internal short-circuit occurs for S520, the battery for obtaining the internal metal-containing powders until the recurring number of battery failure；
Whether S530, the battery for detecting the internal metal-containing powders occur thermal runaway and the maximum temperature of thermal runaway occur；
S540, according to it is described it is first occur internal short-circuit when recurring number, it is described generation internal short-circuit until the recurring number of battery failure
And the maximum temperature that thermal runaway occurs comments the internal short-circuit security performance of the battery of the internal metal-containing powders
Valency.
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