CN108118417B - Soft magnetic composite metal fiber and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Soft magnetic composite metal fiber and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108118417B CN108118417B CN201810086460.9A CN201810086460A CN108118417B CN 108118417 B CN108118417 B CN 108118417B CN 201810086460 A CN201810086460 A CN 201810086460A CN 108118417 B CN108118417 B CN 108118417B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/12—Threads containing metallic filaments or strips
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
- B21C37/047—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire of fine wires
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite metal fiber with soft magnetic property and a preparation method and application thereof. The composite metal fiber is a bundle fiber composed of fiber filaments of two concentric metal layers with a central layer and a surface layer on a radial cross section; the central layer is permalloy (1); the surface layer is made of a matrix material M1 (2). The preparation method of the composite metal fiber comprises the steps of embedding permalloy (1) into a base material to obtain an initial composite wire, packaging, then conducting bundling and reducing drawing to obtain a finished composite wire with a target diameter, and separating the finished composite wire through electrochemical separation to obtain the composite metal fiber bundle. The invention can also twist single or multiple finished composite wires to obtain metal fiber plied wires, and can be applied to the fields of heating elements, spinning and the like. The invention can obtain the composite metal fiber which simultaneously has better mechanical property, better corrosion resistance and better permeability of the weak magnetic field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal fiber processing, and relates to a soft magnetic composite metal fiber, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Technical Field
The production of metal fibers is well known in the art and may be obtained by bundle drawing as described, for example, in US 3379000. With the further understanding of the metal fiber, the demand of people for the metal fiber is more and more extensive, and the requirement for the metal fiber is more strict. Taking stainless steel fiber as an example, the stainless steel fiber has obvious high temperature resistance, the instant high temperature resistance can reach 1000 ℃, the long-time high temperature resistance can reach 500 ℃, the characteristics of the stainless steel fiber can not be modified, and the stainless steel metal fiber also becomes the best material found in the markets of high temperature resistant products and fireproof products; the stainless steel fiber can also be mixed with other fibers to be woven, so that the fabric can be applied to the technical fields of antistatic and conductive textiles and the like.
Permalloy, also known as soft magnetic alloy, has a very high permeability to low magnetic fields, and a saturation induction generally between 0.6 and-1.0T. However, the mechanical property is poor, so that the drawing yield is low, and the permalloy fiber is not corrosion-resistant, so that the permalloy fiber produced by using the preparation method of the metal fiber strand used by 200810031540.0 has the defects of serious breakage in the bundle drawing process, the protective layer and the central fiber are easy to corrode in the electrochemical separation process, and the complete finished permalloy fiber is difficult to obtain, so that the processing and the application of the permalloy fiber are limited, and the processing method of the permalloy fiber does not exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the disadvantages of the prior art, a first object of the present invention is to provide a soft magnetic composite metal fiber, which has a low-intensity magnetic permeability similar to that of pure permalloy, and has good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the soft magnetic composite metal fiber.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the soft magnetic composite metal fiber.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a soft magnetic composite metal fiber, which is a bundle fiber consisting of fiber filaments of two concentric metal layers with a central layer and a surface layer on a radial cross section; the central layer is permalloy (1); the surface layer is made of a base material M1 (2); the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fiber is 2 um-80 μm.
The soft magnetic composite metal fiber provided by the invention has the advantage that the average thickness of the surface layer is 5% -50% of the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fiber. More preferably, the surface layer has an average thickness of 33% of the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fiber.
The invention relates to a soft magnetic composite metal fiber, wherein the nickel content of the permalloy (1) is 70-80 wt%.
The invention relates to a soft magnetic composite metal fiber, wherein a matrix material M1(2) is any one of stainless steel, titanium and titanium alloy.
Preferably, the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fiber is 6-22 μm.
The invention relates to a preparation method of soft magnetic composite metal fibers, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: making an initial composite wire
Selecting a permalloy (1) wire as a central wire, embedding the permalloy (1) wire into a matrix material M1(2), reducing and drawing the permalloy wire to a diameter D1 to obtain a composite wire W1, and then embedding the permalloy wire into a matrix material M2(3) to obtain an initial composite wire;
the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 6-8%, annealing is carried out between passes, the annealing temperature is 900-1100 ℃, the time is 1-10 min,
or
Selecting a permalloy (1) wire as a central wire, embedding the permalloy (1) wire into a matrix material M1(2), embedding a composite wire W2 coated with the matrix material M1(2) into a matrix material M2(3), and reducing and drawing to obtain an initial composite wire with the diameter D2;
the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 6-8%, annealing is carried out between passes, the annealing temperature is 900-1100 ℃, the time is 1-10 min,
step two: production of secondary composite wire
Bundling a plurality of initial composite wires into a beam, and packaging the beam by using a packaging material (4) to obtain a secondary composite wire;
step three bundling drawing
Drawing the secondary composite wire to a diameter D3 by bundle drawing to obtain a finished composite wire;
the pass deformation amount in the cluster drawing is 6% -8%, annealing is carried out between passes, the annealing temperature is 900-1100 ℃, and the time is 1-10 min.
Step four: electrochemical separation
And separating the finished composite wire by adopting an electrochemical separation method, and removing the packaging material and the matrix material M2 to obtain the soft magnetic composite metal fiber.
Preferably, in the first step of the preparation method of the soft magnetic composite metal fiber, a permalloy (1) wire is selected as a center wire, the center wire is embedded into a matrix material M1(2) and is subjected to reducing drawing to a diameter D1, and then the center wire is embedded into a matrix material M2(3) to obtain an initial composite wire;
the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 6% -8%, annealing is carried out between passes, the annealing temperature is 900-1000 ℃, and the time is 1-4 min.
The invention relates to a preparation method of soft magnetic composite metal fibers, wherein in the first step, the nickel content of the selected permalloy (1) is 70-80 wt%.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a soft magnetic composite metal fiber, wherein in the first step, the diameter of a selected permalloy (1) wire is 3-10 mm, and the preferable diameter is 5-6 mm.
In the first step of the preparation method of the soft magnetic composite metal fiber, a matrix material M1(2) is stainless steel, titanium or titanium alloy.
In the present invention, the base material M1(2) is applied to the original permalloy (1) wire rod in order to compensate for the deficiencies of permalloy in terms of mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, etc., and is another metal material having excellent mechanical properties and higher corrosion resistance purity, which satisfies the following three conditions:
① corrosion resistance, especially acid resistance, to protect the center layer material during subsequent electrochemical separation;
②, good deformability, which can satisfy the deformation during bundle drawing, so as to provide the soft magnetic composite metal fiber bundle with thinner composite fiber surface layer;
③ the surface may be coated to form a barrier layer on the surface during subsequent processing.
In the first step of the preparation method of the soft magnetic composite metal fiber, the matrix material M2(3) is any one of copper, iron, copper alloy or iron alloy, and nickel or nickel alloy. Which is the material applied to the original composite wire for the purpose of performing the strand drawing process.
In the first step, the mode of embedding the permalloy into the matrix material M1(2) is one of a metal foil coating mode and a pipe sleeving mode, the mode of embedding the composite wire W1 into the matrix material M2(3) is an electrochemical electrolytic coating mode, and the mode of embedding the composite wire W2 into the matrix material M2(3) is any one of a metal foil coating mode and a pipe sleeving mode.
In the first step of the preparation method of the soft magnetic composite metal fiber, the thickness of the matrix material M1(2) is 0.5-4 mm, and preferably 2-3.0 mm.
The invention relates to a preparation method of soft magnetic composite metal fibers, wherein in the first step, the thickness of a matrix material M2(3) is 10 micrometers-1 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the matrix material M2(3) in which the composite wire material W1 is embedded is 10 μ M; the thickness of the composite wire W2 embedded in the matrix material M2(3) is 0.7-1 mm.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a soft magnetic composite metal fiber, which comprises the step one, wherein the diameter D1 is 0.1-2.0 mm. Preferably, the diameter D1 is 0.15-0.4 mm. More preferably, the diameter D1 is 0.2 to 0.24 mm.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a soft magnetic composite metal fiber, which comprises the step one, wherein the diameter D2 is 0.1-3.0 mm. Preferably, the diameter D2 is 0.2-1.0 mm. More preferably, the diameter D2 is 0.2 to 0.4 mm.
In the third step of the preparation method of the soft magnetic composite metal fiber, the diameter D3 is 0.1-5.0 mm. More preferably, the diameter D3 is 0.4 to 0.9 mm.
In the second step of the preparation method of the soft magnetic composite metal fiber, the packaging material (4) is one of iron, aluminum alloy, iron alloy, nickel or nickel alloy. Which is defined as the material that is coated on a bundle of metal wires that has been coated with a matrix material.
The invention relates to a preparation method of soft magnetic composite metal fibers, which comprises the fourth step of adopting a continuous positive-negative alternative electrolysis method, wherein the used electrochemical solution system is a sulfuric acid solution, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 0.5-2.5 mol/L, the preferred concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 0.5-2.5 mol/L, in the electrolytic separation process, the electrolytic voltage is controlled by a constant voltage of 0.2-4V, the preferred electrolytic voltage is controlled by a constant voltage of 2.5-4V, the separation speed is 0.8-2.5M/min, and the separation speed is controlled by different adaptive separation speeds mainly according to the difference of a matrix material M1, a matrix material M2 and a packaging material.
As a general technical concept, the invention also provides an application of the soft magnetic composite metal fiber, and the soft magnetic composite metal fiber is applied to the preparation of the metal fiber strand.
According to the actual application requirements, after the finished product composite wire is obtained by drawing in the third step, twisting is carried out on one or more finished product composite wires, so that the metal fiber plied yarns are obtained, and the obtained metal fiber plied yarns can be applied to the fields of heating elements, spinning and the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides an effective preparation method of permalloy composite metal fiber aiming at the problems of poor mechanical property of permalloy, low drawing yield, non-corrosion resistance and difficult obtaining of complete finished permalloy fiber, the composite metal fiber simultaneously having good mechanical property, good corrosion resistance and good permeability of weak magnetic field can be obtained by the preparation method,
compared with the existing metal fiber bundle drawing mode, the invention is characterized in that the compounding of the central wire and the matrix material M1, the compounding of the wire and the matrix material M2 after the first compounding, and the compounding of the initial composite wire and the packaging material are carried out by adopting a three-time compounding mode, and finally the composite metal fiber with the central layer and the surface layer is obtained. However, since the wire rod needs to be drawn after being combined for many times, the composite wire rod is prone to frequent wire breakage during the reducing drawing process of the composite wire rod due to the difference of the hardness and softness, the work hardening rate and the like of each composite wire rod, so that the composite wire rod cannot be drawn to the target diameter. Aiming at the situation, the invention adjusts and optimizes the deformation of reducing drawing and bundling drawing through a large number of experiments, and simultaneously increases the intermediate heat treatment process, thereby finally realizing the smooth drawing of the multilayer composite wire.
The invention has another characteristic that a corrosion-resistant matrix material M1(2) is used as a surface layer, and the fiber can be separated by a conventional acid electrochemical separation system by utilizing the characteristic of acid corrosion resistance of the matrix material M1(2), so that the risk of corrosion of the permalloy in the electrochemical separation process is avoided.
The invention relates to a bundled fiber or metal fiber strand which is composed of fiber yarns, wherein the center layer of the fiber yarns is permalloy (1), the surface layer of the fiber yarns is two concentric metal layers of a base material M1(2) with better corrosion resistance and mechanical property, and the base material M1 has good corrosion resistance and good mechanical property, and is preferably stainless steel. The composite metal fiber prepared by the method can keep the soft magnetism of permalloy as a central layer material, and simultaneously has the effect of protecting the central layer due to the existence of the surface layer, so that the fiber has corrosion resistance and better mechanical property.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a radial cross-sectional view of a secondary composite wire obtained in the manufacturing process of the present invention.
FIG. 1 (1) is a permalloy; (2) is a matrix material M1;
(3) is a matrix material M2; (4) is an encapsulating material.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1:
a composite metal fiber bundle with soft magnetic characteristics is obtained by the following steps:
(1) preparation of initial composite wire: a central metal wire of 6mm diameter was prepared, the composition of which (in wt.%): c: 0.023%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.017%, Mn: 0.46%, Ni: 79.5%, Mo: 4.0%, Cu: 0.019%, and the balance iron; the central metal wire was encapsulated in a steel (matrix material M1) jacket having a thickness of 3mm, the composition of the matrix material M1 in wt.%): c: 0.007%, Cr: 18.19%, Cu: 0.35%, Si: 0.74%, Mn: 1.28%, S: 0.001%, P: 0.025%, Ni: 9.81%, Mo: 0.43%, N: 0.020% and the balance of iron; then, obtaining a 0.24mm composite wire W1 by reducing and drawing, and then coating a layer of 10um copper (matrix material M2) initial composite wire on the initial composite wire in an electrolytic mode; the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 8%, the annealing temperature is 1000 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-4 min.
(2) Preparing a secondary composite wire: bundling 2000 initial composite wires and packaging the bundled wires in an iron sleeve (packaging material) to obtain a secondary composite wire;
(3) bundling and drawing: and drawing the secondary composite wire in a bundling drawing mode, and finally drawing the secondary composite wire to 0.7mm to obtain a finished composite wire. The pass deformation in the bundling drawing process is 6%, the annealing temperature is 1000 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-4 min.
(4) And (3) electrochemical separation, namely separating the finished composite wire by adopting an electrochemical separation method, wherein a sulfuric acid solution is used as an electrochemical solution system, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 1.0 mol/L, the electrolytic voltage is controlled by adopting constant voltage, the voltage is controlled at 4V, and the separation speed is controlled at 2m/min in the electrolytic separation process.
Through the 4 steps, the composite metal fiber bundle with the number of single bundle fibers of 2000 and the diameter of 8um can be obtained, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 33% of the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fiber.
The single-core strength of the metal fiber bundle can reach 7.5cN, and the elongation of a single fiber can reach 1.2%. The whole metal fiber bundle has no fracture and a small amount of broken wool.
Example 2:
a composite metal fiber bundle with soft magnetic characteristics is obtained by the following steps:
(1) preparation of initial composite wire: a central metal wire of 6mm diameter is prepared, the composition (in wt.%) of which is C: 0.023%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.017%, Mn: 0.46%, Ni: 79.5%, Mo: 4.0%, Cu: 0.019%, and the balance iron; the central metal wire was encapsulated in a steel (matrix material M1) jacket having a thickness of 3mm, the composition of the matrix material M1 in wt.%): c: 0.008%, Cr: 18.31%, Cu: 0.25%, Si: 0.70%, Mn: 1.24%, S: 0.001%, P: 0.024%, Ni: 9.97%, Mo: 0.50%, N: 0.010 percent and the balance of iron; sleeving the composite wire sleeved with the matrix material M1 into a copper sleeve (matrix material M2), wherein the thickness of the copper sleeve is 1.0mm, and drawing the composite wire sleeved with the copper sleeve to 0.2mm by reducing drawing to obtain an initial composite wire; the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 6%, and the annealing time is 1-3 min at the annealing temperature of 900 ℃.
(2) Preparing a secondary composite wire: bundling the 3500 initial composite wires and sleeving the bundled initial composite wires into a copper sleeve (packaging material) to obtain a secondary composite wire, wherein the thickness of the copper sleeve serving as the packaging material is 1.0 mm;
(3) reducing warp and drawing: drawing the secondary composite wire in a bundling drawing mode, and finally drawing the secondary composite wire to 0.4 mm; the pass deformation in the bundling drawing process is 8%, and the annealing time is 1-3 min at the annealing temperature of 900 ℃.
(4) And (3) electrochemical separation, namely separating the finished composite wire by adopting an electrochemical separation method, wherein a sulfuric acid solution is used as an electrochemical solution system, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 1.0 mol/L, the electrolytic voltage is controlled by adopting constant voltage, the voltage is controlled at 4V, and the separation speed is controlled at 2.5m/min in the electrolytic separation process.
Through the 4 steps, the composite metal fiber bundle with the single fiber bundle number of 3500 and the diameter of 6um can be obtained, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 33 percent of the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fiber.
The single-core strength of the metal fiber bundle can reach 4cN, the elongation can reach 1.1%, and the standard of single strength and elongation of the traditional stainless steel fiber with the same specification is reached. The whole metal fiber bundle has no fracture and a small amount of broken wool.
Example 3
A composite metal fiber bundle with soft magnetic characteristics is obtained by the following steps:
(1) preparation of initial composite wire: a central metal wire of 6mm diameter was prepared, the composition of which (in wt.%): c: 0.023%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.017%, Mn: 0.46%, Ni: 79.5%, Mo: 4.0%, Cu: 0.019%, and the balance iron; the central metal wire was encapsulated in a steel (matrix material M1) jacket having a thickness of 3mm, the composition of the matrix material M1 in wt.%): c: 0.076%, Cr: 18.87%, Si: 0.36%, Mn: 1.23%, S: 0.006%, P: 0.028%, Ni: 8.06%, N: 0.04% and the balance of iron; then, obtaining a 0.2mm composite wire W1 by reducing and drawing, and then coating a layer of 10um copper (matrix material M2) initial composite wire on the initial composite wire in an electrolytic mode; the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 6%, and the annealing time is 1-4 min at the annealing temperature of 950 ℃.
(2) Preparing a secondary composite wire: bundling 3000 initial composite wires and packaging the initial composite wires into a bundle in an iron sleeve (packaging material) to obtain a secondary composite wire;
(3) bundling and drawing: and drawing the secondary composite wire in a bundling drawing mode, and finally drawing the secondary composite wire to 0.64mm to obtain a finished composite wire. The pass deformation in the bundling drawing process is 6%, the annealing temperature is 950 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-4 min.
(4) And (3) electrochemical separation, namely separating the finished composite wire by adopting an electrochemical separation method, wherein a sulfuric acid solution is used as an electrochemical solution system, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 1.0 mol/L, the electrolytic voltage is controlled by adopting constant voltage, the voltage is controlled at 2.5V, and the separation speed is controlled at 1.5m/min in the electrolytic separation process.
Through the 4 steps, the composite metal fiber bundle with the number of single bundle fibers of 3000 and the diameter of 8um can be obtained, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 33% of the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fiber.
The single-core strength of the metal fiber bundle can reach 8cN, and the elongation of a single fiber can reach 1.2%. The whole metal fiber bundle has no fracture and a small amount of broken wool.
Example 4
A composite metal fiber bundle with soft magnetic characteristics is obtained by the following steps:
(1) preparation of initial composite wire: a central metal wire of 6mm diameter is prepared, the composition (in wt.%) of which is C: 0.023%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.017%, Mn: 0.46%, Ni: 79.5%, Mo: 4.0%, Cu: 0.019%, and the balance iron; the central metal wire was encapsulated in a steel (matrix material M1) jacket having a thickness of 3mm, the composition of the matrix material M1 in wt.%): c: 0.008%, Cr: 18.31%, Cu: 0.25%, Si: 0.70%, Mn: 1.24%, S: 0.001%, P: 0.024%, Ni: 9.97%, Mo: 0.50%, N: 0.010 percent and the balance of iron; sleeving the composite wire sleeved with the matrix material M1 into a copper sleeve (matrix material M2), wherein the thickness of the copper sleeve is 1.0mm, and drawing the composite wire sleeved with the copper sleeve to 0.4mm by reducing drawing to obtain an initial composite wire; the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 7%, the annealing temperature is 900 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-3 min.
(2) Preparing a secondary composite wire: bundling the 500 initial composite wires into a bundle and sleeving the bundled composite wires into a copper sleeve (packaging material) to obtain a secondary composite wire, wherein the thickness of the copper sleeve serving as the packaging material is 1.0 mm;
(3) reducing warp and drawing: drawing the secondary composite wire in a bundling drawing mode, and finally drawing the secondary composite wire to 0.9 mm; the pass deformation in the bundling drawing process is 7%, and the annealing time is 1-3 min at the annealing temperature of 900 ℃.
(4) And (3) performing electrochemical separation, namely separating the finished composite wire by adopting an electrochemical separation method, wherein a sulfuric acid solution is used as an electrochemical solution system, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 1.0 mol/L, the electrolytic voltage is controlled by adopting constant voltage, the voltage is controlled at 4V, and the separation speed is controlled at 3.5m/min in the electrolytic separation process.
Through the 4 steps, the composite metal fiber bundle with the single fiber bundle number of 500 and the diameter of 22um can be obtained, and the average thickness of the surface layer is 33% of the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fiber.
The single-core strength of the metal fiber bundle can reach 70cN, the elongation can reach 1.5%, and the single strength and elongation standard of the traditional stainless steel fiber with the same specification can be reached. The whole metal fiber bundle has no fracture and a small amount of broken wool.
Comparative example 1
A composite metal fiber bundle with soft magnetic characteristics is obtained by the following steps:
(1) preparation of initial composite wire: a central metal wire having a diameter of 0.24mm is prepared, the composition of which (in wt.%): c: 0.023%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.017%, Mn: 0.46%, Ni: 79.5%, Mo: 4.0%, Cu: 0.019 percent and the balance of iron, and then coating a layer of 10um copper (matrix material M2) initial composite wire on the central metal wire in an electrolytic mode; the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 8%, the annealing temperature is 1000 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-4 min.
(2) Preparing a secondary composite wire: bundling 2000 initial composite wires and packaging the bundled wires in an iron sleeve (packaging material) to obtain a secondary composite wire;
(3) bundling and drawing: and drawing the secondary composite wire in a bundling drawing mode, and finally drawing the secondary composite wire to 0.75mm to obtain a finished composite wire. The pass deformation in the bundling drawing process is 6%, the annealing temperature is 1000 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-4 min.
(4) And (3) electrochemical separation, namely separating the finished composite wire by adopting an electrochemical separation method, wherein a sulfuric acid solution is used as an electrochemical solution system, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 1.0 mol/L, the electrolytic voltage is controlled by adopting constant voltage, the voltage is controlled at 4V, and the separation speed is controlled at 2m/min in the electrolytic separation process.
Through the 4 steps, the composite wire is completely dissolved, and the metal fiber made of the concentric wire is not obtained.
Comparative example 2
A composite metal fiber bundle with soft magnetic characteristics is obtained by the following steps:
(1) preparation of initial composite wire: a central metal wire of 6mm diameter is prepared, the composition (in wt.%) of which is C: 0.023%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.017%, Mn: 0.46%, Ni: 79.5%, Mo: 4.0%, Cu: 0.019%, and the balance iron; the central metal wire was encapsulated in a steel (matrix material M1) jacket having a thickness of 3mm, the composition of the matrix material M1 in wt.%): c: 0.008%, Cr: 18.31%, Cu: 0.25%, Si: 0.70%, Mn: 1.24%, S: 0.001%, P: 0.024%, Ni: 9.97%, Mo: 0.50%, N: 0.010 percent and the balance of iron; sleeving the composite wire sleeved with the matrix material M1 into a copper sleeve (matrix material M2), wherein the thickness of the copper sleeve is 1.0mm, and drawing the composite wire sleeved with the copper sleeve to 0.2mm by reducing drawing to obtain an initial composite wire; the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 10%, the annealing temperature is 900 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-3 min.
(2) Preparing a secondary composite wire: bundling the 3500 initial composite wires and sleeving the bundled initial composite wires into a copper sleeve (packaging material) to obtain a secondary composite wire, wherein the thickness of the copper sleeve serving as the packaging material is 1.0 mm;
(3) reducing warp and drawing: drawing the secondary composite wire in a bundling drawing mode, and finally drawing the secondary composite wire to 0.4 mm; the pass deformation in the bundling drawing process is 10%, and the annealing time is 1-3 min at the annealing temperature of 900 ℃.
(4) And (3) electrochemical separation, namely separating the finished composite wire by adopting an electrochemical separation method, wherein a sulfuric acid solution is used as an electrochemical solution system, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 1.0 mol/L, the electrolytic voltage is controlled by adopting constant voltage, the voltage is controlled at 4V, and the separation speed is controlled at 2.5m/min in the electrolytic separation process.
In the preparation process of the primary composite wire and the secondary composite wire, the composite wire is seriously broken by reducing and drawing, the loss of the composite wire reaches 50 percent after the composite wire cannot be drawn to a target diameter, and finally, a composite metal fiber bundle with the single fiber number of 3500 and the diameter of 6um can be obtained, the single-core strength of the metal fiber bundle can reach 4cN, the elongation can reach 1.1 percent, and the single strength and the elongation of the traditional stainless steel fiber with the same specification can reach the standard. The whole metal fiber bundle has more fractures and a large amount of broken wool.
Comparative example 3
A composite metal fiber bundle with soft magnetic characteristics is obtained by the following steps:
(1) preparation of initial composite wire: a central metal wire of 6mm diameter was prepared, the composition of which (in wt.%): c: 0.023%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.017%, Mn: 0.46%, Ni: 79.5%, Mo: 4.0%, Cu: 0.019%, and the balance iron; the central metal wire was encapsulated in a steel (matrix material M1) jacket having a thickness of 3mm, the composition of the matrix material M1 in wt.%): c: 0.076%, Cr: 18.87%, Si: 0.36%, Mn: 1.23%, S: 0.006%, P: 0.028%, Ni: 8.06%, N: 0.04% and the balance of iron; then, obtaining a 0.2mm composite wire W1 by reducing and drawing, and then coating a layer of 10um copper (matrix material M2) initial composite wire on the initial composite wire in an electrolytic mode; the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 6%, and the annealing time is 1-4 min at the annealing temperature of 850 ℃.
(2) Preparing a secondary composite wire: bundling 3000 initial composite wires and packaging the initial composite wires into a bundle in an iron sleeve (packaging material) to obtain a secondary composite wire;
(3) bundling and drawing: and drawing the secondary composite wire in a bundling drawing mode, and finally drawing the secondary composite wire to 0.64mm to obtain a finished composite wire. The pass deformation in the bundling drawing process is 6%, the annealing temperature is 850 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-4 min.
In the step (1), the initial composite wire is seriously broken in the reducing and drawing process, and the loss of the initial composite wire reaches 40 percent after the initial composite wire is reduced and drawn to the target diameter; in the step (3), when the drawing is reduced to 6.5mm, the drawing cannot be continued, and the target metal fiber cannot be obtained.
Example 5:
a composite metal fiber strand with soft magnetic characteristics is obtained by the following steps:
(1) preparation of initial composite wire: a central metal wire of 6mm diameter was prepared, the composition of which (in wt.%): c: 0.023%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.017%, Mn: 0.46%, Ni: 79.5%, Mo: 4.0%, Cu: 0.019%, and the balance iron; the central metal wire was encapsulated in a steel (matrix material M1) jacket having a thickness of 3mm, the composition of the matrix material M1 in wt.%): c: 0.007%, Cr: 18.19%, Cu: 0.35%, Si: 0.74%, Mn: 1.28%, S: 0.001%, P: 0.025%, Ni: 9.81%, Mo: 0.43%, N: 0.020% and the balance of iron; sleeving the composite wire sleeved with the matrix material M1 into an iron sleeve (matrix material M2), wherein the thickness of the iron sleeve is 0.7mm, and drawing the composite wire sleeved with the iron sleeve to 0.64mm by reducing drawing to obtain an initial composite wire;
(2) preparing a secondary composite wire: bundling the 275 initial composite wires into a bundle and sleeving the bundled composite wires into an iron sleeve (packaging material) to obtain secondary composite wires;
(3) reducing warp and drawing: drawing the secondary composite wire in a bundling drawing mode, and finally drawing the secondary composite wire to 0.45 mm;
(4) twisting: twisting the intermediate composite wire by adopting an adduction wire type double twisting machine, wherein the twisting direction is left twisting, and the twisting number is 175 twisting;
(5) shaping and drawing: drawing the twisted intermediate composite wire by using 5 polycrystalline dies to obtain a finished composite wire with the wire diameter of 0.34 mm;
(6) and (3) performing electrochemical separation, namely separating the finished composite wire by adopting an electrochemical separation method, wherein a sulfuric acid solution is used as an electrochemical solution system, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 1.0 mol/L, the electrolytic voltage is controlled by adopting constant voltage, the voltage is controlled at 3V, and the separation speed is controlled at 0.8m/min in the electrolytic separation process.
The single-strand composite metal fiber strand can be prepared through the 6 steps, the number of the single-strand composite metal fibers is 275, the diameter of each fiber is 12 mu m, the average thickness of the surface layer is 33 percent of the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fibers, the twisting direction is left twisting, and the twisting number is 175 twisting. The mechanical property detection is carried out on the single fiber, the single fiber strength can reach 20cN, and the elongation can reach 1.3%. The combination of the strands is good, and the defects of strand loosening, strand breaking, crossing, folding, breakage and the like are avoided.
Example 6:
a composite metal fiber strand with soft magnetic characteristics is obtained by the following steps:
(1) preparation of initial composite wire: a central metal wire of 6mm diameter was prepared, the composition of which (in wt.%): c: 0.023%, P: 0.015%, S: 0.017%, Mn: 0.46%, Ni: 79.5%, Mo: 4.0%, Cu: 0.019%, and the balance iron; the central metal wire was encapsulated in a steel (matrix material M1) jacket having a thickness of 3mm, the composition of the matrix material M1 in wt.%): c: 0.007%, Cr: 18.19%, Cu: 0.35%, Si: 0.74%, Mn: 1.28%, S: 0.001%, P: 0.025%, Ni: 9.81%, Mo: 0.43%, N: 0.020% and the balance of iron; coating a layer of copper (matrix material M2) of 10um on the initial composite wire by electrolysis, and then obtaining the initial composite wire of 1.0mm by reducing and drawing;
(2) preparing a secondary composite wire: bundling the 90 initial composite wires into a bundle and sleeving the bundled initial composite wires into a copper sleeve (packaging material) to obtain secondary composite wires;
(3) reducing warp and drawing: drawing the secondary composite wire in a bundling drawing mode, and finally drawing the secondary composite wire to 0.3 mm;
(4) twisting: twisting the intermediate composite wire by adopting an adduction wire type double twisting machine, wherein the twisting direction is left twisting, and the twisting number is 75 twisting;
(5) shaping and drawing: drawing the twisted intermediate composite wire by using 5 polycrystalline dies to obtain a finished composite wire with the wire diameter of 0.2 mm;
(6) and (3) performing electrochemical separation, namely separating the finished composite wire by adopting an electrochemical separation method, wherein a sulfuric acid solution is used as an electrochemical solution system, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 1.0 mol/L, the electrolytic voltage is controlled by adopting constant voltage, the voltage is controlled at 3V, and the separation speed is controlled at 1.2m/min in the electrolytic separation process.
The single-strand composite metal fiber strand can be prepared through the 6 steps, the number of the single-strand composite metal fibers is 90, the diameter of each fiber is 14 mu m, the average thickness of the surface layer is 33 percent of the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fibers, the twisting direction is left twisting, and the twisting number is 75 twisting. The mechanical property detection is carried out on the single fiber, the single fiber strength can reach 25cN, and the elongation can reach 1.1%. The combination of the strands is good, and the defects of strand loosening, strand breaking, crossing, folding, breakage and the like are avoided.
Those skilled in the art can make substitutions and modifications according to the present invention without departing from the basic idea of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The preparation method of the soft magnetic composite metal fiber is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: making an initial composite wire
Selecting a permalloy (1) wire as a central wire, embedding the permalloy (1) wire into a matrix material M1(2), reducing and drawing the permalloy wire to a diameter D1 to obtain a composite wire W1, and then embedding the permalloy wire into a matrix material M2(3) to obtain an initial composite wire;
the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 6% -8%, annealing is carried out between passes, the annealing temperature is 900-1100 ℃, and the time is 1-10 min;
or
Selecting a permalloy (1) wire as a central wire, embedding the permalloy (1) wire into a matrix material M1(2), embedding a composite wire W2 coated with the matrix material M1(2) into a matrix material M2(3), and reducing and drawing to obtain an initial composite wire with the diameter D2;
the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 6-8%, annealing is carried out between passes, the annealing temperature is 900-1100 ℃, the time is 1-10 min,
step two: production of secondary composite wire
Bundling a plurality of initial composite wires into a beam, and packaging the beam by using a packaging material (4) to obtain a secondary composite wire;
step three bundling drawing
Drawing the secondary composite wire to a diameter D3 by bundle drawing to obtain a finished composite wire;
the pass deformation amount in the cluster drawing is 6% -8%, annealing is carried out between passes, the annealing temperature is 900-1100 ℃, and the time is 1-10 min;
step four: electrochemical separation
Separating the finished composite wire by adopting an electrochemical separation method, and removing the packaging material and the matrix material M2 to obtain the soft magnetic composite metal fiber; the obtained composite metal fiber is a bundle fiber consisting of fiber filaments of two concentric metal layers with a central layer and a surface layer on a radial cross section; the central layer is permalloy (1); the surface layer is made of a base material M1 (2); the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fiber is 2-80 μm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic composite metal fiber is prepared by: in the first step, a permalloy (1) wire is selected as a central wire, the central wire is embedded into a matrix material M1(2) and is subjected to reducing drawing to a diameter D1, and then the central wire is embedded into a matrix material M2(3) to obtain an initial composite wire;
the pass deformation in the reducing and drawing process is 6% -8%, annealing is carried out between passes, the annealing temperature is 900-1000 ℃, and the time is 1-4 min.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic composite metal fiber is prepared by: in the first step, the nickel content of the selected permalloy (1) is 70-80 wt%; the diameter of the selected permalloy (1) wire is 3-10 mm;
in the first step, the base material M1(2) is stainless steel, titanium or titanium alloy; the thickness of the base material M1(2) is 0.5-4 mm,
in the first step, the matrix material M2(3) is any one of copper, iron, copper alloy or iron alloy, nickel or nickel alloy; the thickness of the base material M2(3) is 10 mu M-1 mm;
in the second step, the packaging material (4) is one of iron, aluminum alloy, iron alloy, nickel or nickel alloy.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the soft magnetic composite metal fiber is prepared by: in the first step, the thickness of the base material M1(2) is 2-3.0 mm; the thickness of the matrix material M2(3) embedded by the composite wire W1 is 10 μ M; the thickness of the composite wire W2 embedded in the matrix material M2(3) is 0.7-1 mm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic composite metal fiber is prepared by: in the first step, the diameter D1 is 0.1-2.0 mm; the diameter D2 is 0.2-1.0 mm;
in the third step, the diameter D3 is 0.1-5.0 mm.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the soft magnetic composite metal fiber comprises: the diameter D1 is 0.2-0.24 mm; the diameter D2 is 0.2-0.4 mm; the diameter D3 is 0.4-0.9 mm.
7. The method for preparing soft magnetic composite metal fiber according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the electrochemical separation method is a continuous positive-negative alternative electrolysis method, the used electrochemical solution system is sulfuric acid solution, the concentration of the sulfuric acid solution is 0.5-2.5 mol/L, the electrolysis voltage is controlled by a constant voltage of 0.2-4V in the electrolytic separation process, and the separation speed is 0.8-2.5 m/min.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the soft magnetic composite metal fiber is prepared by: the average thickness of the surface layer is 5% -50% of the equivalent diameter of the composite metal fiber; the content of nickel in the permalloy (1) is 70-80 wt%, and the base material M1(2) is any one of stainless steel, titanium and titanium alloy.
9. Application of the soft magnetic composite metal fiber prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 1 to 8 to a metal fiber strand.
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| CN1569352A (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-01-26 | 上海瓦恩德特种金属材料有限公司 | Composite stainless steel wire and its manufacturing process |
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| CN1569352A (en) * | 2004-04-30 | 2005-01-26 | 上海瓦恩德特种金属材料有限公司 | Composite stainless steel wire and its manufacturing process |
| CN103225153B (en) * | 2013-04-07 | 2015-05-20 | 湖南惠同新材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of metal fiber strand |
| CN103464506A (en) * | 2013-09-14 | 2013-12-25 | 许晗 | Composite metal wire and manufacturing technology thereof |
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