CN108118255A - A kind of low temperature resistant steel of high manganese TWIP and its manufacturing method with high impact toughness - Google Patents
A kind of low temperature resistant steel of high manganese TWIP and its manufacturing method with high impact toughness Download PDFInfo
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- CN108118255A CN108118255A CN201810013760.4A CN201810013760A CN108118255A CN 108118255 A CN108118255 A CN 108118255A CN 201810013760 A CN201810013760 A CN 201810013760A CN 108118255 A CN108118255 A CN 108118255A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP with high impact toughness, and the chemical composition composition mass percentage of the low temperature resistant steel is：C：0.050~0.30%, Mn：25~35%, Si：0.30~1.5%, Al：2.0~4.0%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity；Stacking fault energy of the low temperature resistant steel at 196 DEG C is 25~40mJ/m2.The low temperature resistant steel that the present invention obtains liquid nitrogen temperature (196 DEG C) ballistic work between 200J~250J；Ballistic work is between 300J~350J at room temperature, and yield strength is between 200MPa~300MPa, and tensile strength is between 600MPa~700MPa, and elongation after fracture is between 45%~65%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cryogenic steel technical fields, are related to a kind of tool low-temperature steel and its manufacturing method, specifically one
High manganese TWIP low temperature resistant steel and its manufacturing method of the kind with high impact toughness.
Background technology
In order to control global warming, the discharge for reducing greenhouse gases has become the main mesh of world energy sources development
Mark.Liquefied natural gas (Liquefied Natural Gas, abbreviation LNG) is a kind of new clean energy resource, and main component is first
Alkane (CH4), it is fossil energy most clean on the earth to be recognized.Nontoxic, colourless, tasteless and non-corrosive, volume is about same
The 1/625 of quality gaseous natural gas volume, the quality of liquefied natural gas are only 45% or so of androgynous ponding.Liquefied natural gas
Manufacturing process is that purified treatment is first carried out to the natural gas of gas field production, then (utilizes liquid nitrogen liquid after the liquefaction of a succession of ultralow temperature
Change), finally LNG carrier is recycled to transport.Water (H is generated after liquefied natural gas burning2) and carbon dioxide (CO O2), therefore
It is very small to the pollution of air, and its calorific value is very big, so liquefied natural gas is a kind of more advanced cleaning energy
Source.LNG is the liquid that natural gas is compressed, is cooled to its boiling point (- 161.5 DEG C) becomes below.Usual LNG storage
It in -161.5 DEG C, the low-temperature storage tank of 0.1MPa or so, is transported with special purpose ship or oil truck, when use vaporizes again.
It is particularly important to the use of material in storage and conveying liquified natural gas.Since the boiling point of LNG is -161.5
DEG C, in order to make natural gas liquefaction, generally with the cooling of (- 196 DEG C) of liquid nitrogen, thus the storage and transport of LNG must be applied and its
The opposite cryogenic material of actual temperature (between -161.5 DEG C to -196 DEG C).Face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure metal has good
Ductile-brittle transiton does not occur with temperature reduction, therefore is often widely used under low temperature environment substantially for good low-temperature flexibility.Ultralow temperature
Mainly there are nickel-base alloy, austenitic stainless steel, aluminium alloy with material.And the large-scale main application material of LNG tank is 06Ni9, it is beautiful
State claims 9Ni, and primary alloy constituent is expensive nickel element, smelting process and its complexity, and China there is no autonomous life at present
Production capacity power, relies primarily on import.06Ni9 is expensive due to containing substantial amounts of nickel element, with cheap Gao Meng
Ovshinsky steel becomes main research tendency from now on to substitute 06Ni9.
High Mn austenitic steel has excellent comprehensive mechanical property, while some strength is kept, has good modeling
Shape.Iron, manganese, aluminium, carbon, silicon are its main components.It is unique that the high good comprehensive mechanical property of Mn austenitic steel comes from it
Plastic flow mechanism, when being plastically deformed, it may occur that twin crystal induction plastic (Twinning Induced
Plasticity, abbreviation TWIP) effect.Determine the condition of the generation of TWIP effects mainly by stacking fault energy, ingredient, temperature, Ovshinsky
The decisions such as body crystallite dimension.Manganese element and γ-Fe infinitely dissolves, thus manganese element be open austenite phase field metallic element it
One, therefore the room temperature texture of potassium steel is austenite, and austenite belongs to face-centered cubic crystal structure, and at low temperature substantially not
Generation ductile-brittle transiton.In addition, high manganese TWIP steel generates substantial amounts of feather organization cutting base in low-temperature impact plastic history
Body crystal grain thinning, impact flexibility are improved.Therefore high manganese TWIP steel has very excellent cryogenic property.
The content of the invention
The purpose of this patent is for deficiency present in current techniques, provides a kind of Gao Meng with high impact toughness
The low temperature resistant steel of TWIP and its manufacturing method.In the ingredient of the low temperature resistant steel, the nickel in present material is substituted with manganese, aluminium, and is being made
During standby, by smeltings, continuous casting, heating, rolling, heat treatment, obtain having the austenites of TWIP effects resistance to low
Wen Gang.The low temperature resistant steel that the present invention obtains shows the impact flexibility of good superelevation in liquid nitrogen temperature (- 196 DEG C).
Technical scheme：
A kind of high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP with high impact toughness, the chemical composition composition quality percentage of the low temperature resistant steel
Content is：C：0.050~0.30%, Mn：25~35%, Si：0.30~1.5%, Al：2.0~4.0%, remaining is for Fe and not
Evitable impurity；
Stacking fault energy of the low temperature resistant steel at -196 DEG C is 25~40mJ/m2。
The microscopic structure of the high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP with high impact toughness is austenite, average grain size
For 50~100 μm.
The high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP with high impact toughness exists in the ballistic work of liquid nitrogen temperature (- 196 DEG C)
Between 200J~250J；Ballistic work is between 300J~350J at room temperature, and yield strength is between 200MPa~300MPa, tension
Intensity is between 600MPa~700MPa, and elongation after fracture is between 45%~65%.
The preparation method of the high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP with high impact toughness, comprises the following steps：
(1) prepare inventory according to the quality proportioning of above-mentioned steel alloy, carry out converter or electric arc furnace smelting；Melting is completed
Afterwards, vacuum refining degassing, sublimate；
Wherein, the addition of manganese element, element silicon is added in a manner of manganeisen and Antaciron respectively；
(2) continuous casting：In the molten steel injection tundish that upper step is finally obtained, baking of tundish temperature is 1050~1100
℃；During cast, poured into a mould using whole process protection；1550~1580 DEG C of liquid steel temperature, the pulling rate of continuous casting is 1~1.5m/min, is obtained
Steel billet (ingot)；
(3) heating process：1100~1200 DEG C are heated under steel billet (ingot) nitrogen protection that upper step is obtained, heat preservation 1.5
~2 it is small when；
(4) rolling process：Steel ingot after heating is put on hot-rolling mill, start rolling temperature is controlled between 1050~1150 DEG C
Carry out roughing, roughing pushes 2~8 passages, draught per pass control 20~30%, the control of roughing overall reduction 60~
80%；Then finish rolling is carried out, final rolling temperature is controlled between 850~1050 DEG C, pushes 4~10 passages, draught per pass control
10~20%, finish rolling overall reduction is controlled 60~85% system；Finally finish to gauge is carried out at 800~900 DEG C；Roll overall reduction
Not less than 90%；Room temperature is naturally cooled to after finish to gauge on cold bed, obtains plate slab；
(5) heat treatment procedure：The plate slab after cooling that upper step is obtained, place heating furnace in stove heat to 900~
1000 DEG C, after reducing atmosphere or when rushing that heat preservation 1~2 is small under inert atmosphere, water cooling to room temperature is finally obtained with HI high impact
The high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP of toughness.
In the step (1), when using converter smelting, the molten iron of desulfurization desiliconization is added in first in stove, is blown
Oxygen is smelted, and adds manganeisen, Antaciron and fine aluminium in ladle during tapping, then carries out deoxidation, alloying；
When electric arc furnace smelting, selected steel scrap is added in stove first, steel scrap after being melted down, sequentially adds load weighted silicon
Iron, manganeisen carry out alloying；After the metal molten of addition, slagging with Lime stone is added in；After slag making materials fusing, it is subsequently added into
The deoxidation of aluminium lime, dephosphorization；It is eventually adding fine aluminium；
During described converter smelting, S≤0.01% in the molten iron of the desulfurization desiliconization of injection, Si≤0.10%；Oxygen blast is smelted,
Smelting endpoint requirement chemical composition is as follows：C≤0.05%, Si≤0.10%, Mn≤0.20%, S≤0.01%, P≤0.01%.
During electric arc furnace smelting, S≤0.01% in the selected steel scrap of addition, P≤0.10%.
After vacuum refining, oxygen content in steel should be not more than 120ppm, and nitrogen content should be not more than 50ppm, S≤0.002%, P
≤ 0.002%；
The present invention substantive distinguishing features be：
Selection and proportioning of the present invention by alloying component, performance and tissue effect are very big.The core of present component design
The heart is stacking fault energy (Stacking Fault Energy, abbreviation SFE) control Plastic Deformation Mechanism, with the rising of stacking fault energy, Gao Meng
The Plastic Deformation Mechanism of austenitic steel is by martensitic traoformation (SFE<25mJ/m2) → twinning deformation (25mJ/m2<SFE<40mJ/m2)
→ dislocation movement by slip (SFE>40mJ/m2) transformation, and stacking fault energy reduces with the reduction of temperature, traditional high manganese TWIP steel is in room temperature
Lower to generate substantial amounts of feather organization, mechanism of plastic deformation is twin, and under low temperature (- 196 DEG C), since temperature declines, cause fault
(stacking fault energy is less than 25mJ/m for the decline of energy2), mechanism of plastic deformation is based on martensitic traoformation, and martensite belongs to BCC or HCP knots
Structure has apparent ductile-brittle transiton phenomenon, largely effects on the low-temperature flexibility of material.Therefore the present invention makes full use of the shadow of stacking fault energy
It rings, changes the stacking fault energy of raising at room temperature using ingredient, the Plastic Deformation Mechanism of high manganese TWIP steel under low-temperature condition is made to remain unchanged
Based on twin, TWIP effects fully are played in low temperature, improve the low-temperature flexibility of material.Therefore it is not certain unitary in the present invention
The change of element plays the role of a nucleus, but by adjusting the whole variation for matching to adjust SFE, play due effect.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The low temperature resistant steel that the present invention obtains liquid nitrogen temperature (- 196 DEG C) impact absorbing energy in more than 200J, in room temperature
Impact absorbing energy in more than 300J, and with temperature reduce impact absorbing energy reduce it is slow；Substitute nickel with manganese is using conventional element
It can prepare, greatly reduce the cost of low-temperature steel；And preparation process is easy, and special heat treatment process is not required.Specific body
It is now：
The material for being now widely used in LNG cryogenic tanks is 9Ni, using the high manganese TWIP steel of the low temperature of redesign and 9Ni come
It is compared：
1. on ingredient, with external ASTAM553-1 specified in 9Ni steel ingredient (C≤0.13；Ni：8.5~9.5%；
Si：0.15~0.25；Mn≤0.9) it compares, the present invention substitutes nickel with manganese, aluminium, will alleviate the present situation of the poor nickel in China significantly.
2. in price, in December, 2017 point solution nickel 95300 yuan/ton or so of price, and the price of electrolytic manganese is 10500
Yuan/ton or so, as many as 9 times of price difference, therefore high manganese TWIP steel is produced than reducing nearly 40% in 9Ni steel raw material costs.
3. in heat treatment process, the technique of 9Ni Heat-Treatment of Steel techniques generally use " quenching+Asia lukewarm war fire+tempering ", compared with
For complexity, and high manganese TWIP steel uses simple recrystallization annealing.
4. interior microscopic tissue, 9Ni steel is " the warm austenite in tempered martensite+Asia ", and high manganese TWIP steel is single Austria
Family name's body tissue.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the 1 high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels micro-organization chart of gained of embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the 2 high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels micro-organization chart of gained of embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the 3 high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels micro-organization chart of gained of embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the 4 high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels micro-organization chart of gained of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
This reality implements to design the chemical composition composition of high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels and its mass percentage is：C：0.10%,
Mn：31%, Si：0.35%, Al：4.0%, remaining is Fe.The stacking fault energy estimated at -196 DEG C is 30.11mJ/m2。
The high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels production method of the present embodiment includes smelting, continuous casting, heating and rolling process, concrete technology step
It is rapid as described below：
(1) smelting procedure：Mn, Al, Si element prepare to throw according to 104%, 110%, 102% proportioning of aimed quality fraction
Material, in 50 tons of converter smelting.The molten iron of desulfurization desiliconization is added in first in stove, contains S in molten iron：0.006%, Si：
0.080%.Oxygen blast is smelted, and smelting endpoint chemical composition is as follows：C：0.03%, Si：0.07%, Mn：0.12%, S：0.003%,
P：0.002%.Manganese addition ferroalloy, Antaciron and fine aluminium deoxidation, alloying in ladle during tapping.After the completion of melting, vacuum fine
Refining degassing, sublimate, oxygen content in steel 46ppm, nitrogen content answer 40ppm.S：0.002%, P：0.002%.
Measured after melting high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels chemical composition composition and its mass percentage be：C：0.11%, Mn：
30%, Si：0.36%, Al：3.9%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
(2) continuous casting working procedure：Molten steel obtained above is injected in tundish, baking of tundish temperature is 1050 DEG C；Cast
When, it is poured into a mould using whole process protection；Liquid steel temperature is 1550 DEG C；The small billet of section 150mm × 150mm is casting continuously to form, pulling rate is
1.5m/min。
(3) heating process：The steel billet (ingot) that upper step is obtained is heated to 1100 DEG C, and when heat preservation 2 is small, when heating answers holding furnace
Interior is nitrogen.
(4) rolling process：Steel ingot after heating is put on hot-rolling mill, start rolling temperature is 1080 DEG C, and roughing pushes 6
Secondary, draught per pass 20%, roughing overall reduction is 80%；Final rolling temperature is 1000 DEG C, pushes 9 passages, every time pressure
Lower amount is 15%, and finish rolling overall reduction is 83.3%；Finishing temperature is 850 DEG C, and rolling overall reduction is 91%.In cold bed after rolling
On naturally cool to room temperature.
(5) heat treatment procedure：By plate slab after cooling, place in heating furnace with stove heat to 1000 DEG C, nitrogen atmosphere
It is lower heat preservation 1 it is small when, rapid water cooling to room temperature.
High manganese TWIP low temperature steel microscopic structures are austenites described in the present embodiment, and metallographic structure is as shown in Figure 1, average crystal grain
Size is 80.13 μm.
The actual stacking fault energy being calculated at -196 DEG C is 29.73mJ/m2。
High manganese TWIP low temperature steel mechanical properties are described in the present embodiment：In the impact absorbing energy of liquid nitrogen temperature (- 196 DEG C)
226J；Impact absorbing energy 337J at room temperature, yield strength 214MPa, tensile strength 623MPa, elongation after fracture 56%.
The computational methods of stacking fault energy of the present invention are：
Face-centred Cubic Metals stacking fault energy γfccWith Δ Gγ→εRelational expression with formula (1) represent：
γfcc=2 ρ Δs Gγ→ε+2σγ/ε (1)
Wherein Δ Gγ→εIt is the free energy difference between fcc and hcp crystal structures；ρ is { 111 } face in face-centred cubic structure
Gas surface density (strong plane atomic density) is calculated with formula (2)；σγ/εIt is the two interface energy, takes 10mJ/m herein2。
Wherein N is Avgadro constant, takes 6.02 × 1023；a0It is lattice constant, is counted with formula (3) and formula (4)
It calculates.
a0(FCC)=3.5945+0.00125 (Mn%-20)+0.00594 × Al%+0.0272 × C% (3)
a0(T)=a0(FCC)[1+βγ(T-300)] (4)
Wherein βγIt is the coefficient of linear thermal expansion of austenite, takes 2.065 × 10-9K-1；T is absolute temperature, and unit is K；ΔGγ→εIt can be calculated with formula (5).
ΔGγ→ε=Δ Gγ→ε chem+ΔGγ→ε mag+ΔGγ→ε seg+ΔGγ→ε ex (5)
Wherein Δ Gγ→ε chemIt is the difference of γ and ε two-phase molar thermodynamic Gibbs free energies, is represented with formula (6)；ΔGγ→ε magIt is the contribution of magnetic transformation energy, is calculated with formula (8)；ΔGγ→ε segIt is the difference that γ and ε two-phases generate suzuki effect, because
For difference very little, therefore ignore in this calculating；It is Δ Gγ→ε exIt is contribution of the crystallite dimension to free energy, with formula (15)
It represents.
ΔGγ→ε chem=χFeΔGγ→ε Fe+χMnΔGγ→ε Mn+χAlΔGγ→ε Al+χSiΔGγ→ε Si+χCΔGγ→εC+χFeχMnΔ
Ωγ→ε FeMn+χFeχAlΔΩγ→εFeAl+χFeχSiΔΩγ→εFeSi+χFeχCΔΩγ→εFeC (6)
Wherein χ is the molar fraction of each component；ΔGγ→εIt is the Gibbs free energy of each pure element；Δ Ω is γ
With ε interaction parameters.Due in steel per Nai Er transformations (paramagnetism to anti-ferromagnetic transformation), Δ G mutually can all occurγ→ε mag
Formula (7) and (8) can be used to represent.
ΔGγ→ε mag=Δ Gε mag-ΔGγ mag (7)
R is mol gas constant, takes 8.314JK-1mol-1；T is temperature, and unit is K；βζIt is the magnetic moment of every phase, μβIt is glass
That magneton, βζ/μβValue such as formula (9) (10) calculate；It is the Ne＆1＆el temperature of every phase, such as (11) (12) represent；F is that fitting is multinomial
Formula, such as (13) (14) calculate.
βγ/μβ=0.7 χFe+0.62χMn-0.64χFeχMn-4χC (9)
βε/μβ=0.62 χMn-4χC (10)
If
If
ΔGγ→ε exContribution with formula (15) represent：
ΔGγ→ε ex=170.06exp (- d/18.55) (15)
Wherein d is the average grain size of austenite, and unit is μm.
The parameter that other are not specified is as shown in table 1.
1 stacking fault energy calculating parameter of table
Embodiment 2
This implementation designs the chemical composition composition of high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels and its mass percentage is：C：0.30%, Mn：
35%, Si：1.5%, Al：2.5%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.The stacking fault energy estimated at -196 DEG C is
28.28mJ/m2。
The high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels production method of the present embodiment includes smelting, continuous casting, heating and rolling process, concrete technology step
It is rapid as described below：
(1) smelting procedure：Mn, Al, Si element prepare to throw according to 105%, 107%, 102% proportioning of aimed quality fraction
Material feeds intake according to the preparation of above-mentioned quality proportioning, in 3 tons of electric arc furnace smelting.Add in selected steel scrap in stove first, S in steel scrap：
0.008%, P：0.09%.After scrap melting, load weighted ferrosilicon is sequentially added, manganeisen carries out alloying；The gold of addition
After belonging to fusing, slagging with Lime stone is added in；After slag making materials fusing, the deoxidation of aluminium lime, dephosphorization are subsequently added into；It is eventually adding fine aluminium.
After the completion of melting, vacuum refining degassing, sublimate, oxygen content in steel 72ppm, nitrogen content 44ppm.S：0.001%, P：
0.002%.
Measured after this implementation melting high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels chemical composition composition and its mass percentage be：C：
0.29%, Mn：34%, Si：1.4%, Al：2.6%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
(2) continuous casting working procedure：Molten steel obtained above is injected in tundish, baking of tundish temperature is 1060 DEG C；Cast
When, it is poured into a mould using whole process protection；1560 DEG C of liquid steel temperature；It is casting continuously to form the small billet of section 150mm × 150mm, pulling rate 1.5m/
min。
(3) heating process：The steel billet (ingot) that upper step is obtained is heated to 1150 DEG C, and when heat preservation 1.5 is small, when heating should keep
It is nitrogen in stove.
(4) rolling process：Steel ingot after heating is put on hot-rolling mill, start rolling temperature is 1100 DEG C, and roughing pushes 5
Secondary, draught per pass 25%, roughing overall reduction is 70%；Final rolling temperature is 1000 DEG C, pushes 6 passages, every time pressure
Lower amount is 20%, and finish rolling overall reduction is 66%；Finishing temperature is 850 DEG C, and rolling overall reduction is 90%.After rolling on cold bed
Naturally cool to room temperature.
(5) heat treatment procedure：After cooling steel billet is placed in heating furnace with stove heat to 960 DEG C, when heat preservation 1.5 is small,
Rapid water cooling is to room temperature.
High manganese TWIP low temperature steel microscopic structures are austenites described in the present embodiment, and metallographic structure is as shown in Fig. 2, average crystal grain
Size is 75.24 μm.
The actual stacking fault energy being calculated at -196 DEG C is 25.94mJ/m2。
High manganese TWIP low temperature steel mechanical properties are described in the present embodiment：In the impact absorbing energy of liquid nitrogen temperature (- 196 DEG C)
220J；Impact absorbing energy 320J at room temperature, yield strength 220MPa, tensile strength 646MPa, elongation after fracture 47%.
Embodiment 3
This implementation designs the chemical composition composition of high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels and its mass percentage is：C：0.12%, Mn：
32%, Si：1.0%, Al：3.5%, remaining is Fe.The stacking fault energy estimated at -196 DEG C is 25.54mJ/m2。
The high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels production method of the present embodiment includes smelting, continuous casting, heating and rolling process, concrete technology step
It is rapid as described below：
(1) smelting procedure：Mn, Al, Si element prepare to throw according to 106%, 106%, 108% proportioning of aimed quality fraction
Material feeds intake according to the preparation of above-mentioned quality proportioning, in 50 tons of converter smelting.The molten iron of desulfurization desiliconization, iron are added in first in stove
Contain S in water：0.007%, Si：0.080%.Oxygen blast is smelted, and smelting endpoint chemical composition is as follows：C：0.04%, Si：0.08%,
Mn：0.14%, S：0.005%, P：0.004%.Manganese addition ferroalloy, Antaciron and fine aluminium deoxidation, alloy in ladle during tapping
Change.After the completion of melting, vacuum refining degassing, sublimate, oxygen content in steel 52ppm, nitrogen content 43ppm.S：0.002%,
P：0.001%.
Measured after melting high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels chemical composition composition and its mass percentage be：C：0.14%, Mn：
31%, Si：1.2%, Al：3.8%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
(2) continuous casting working procedure：In molten steel injection tundish obtained above, baking of tundish temperature is 1070 DEG C；During cast,
It is poured into a mould using whole process protection；1570 DEG C of liquid steel temperature；It is casting continuously to form the small billet of section 150mm × 150mm, pulling rate 1m/min.
(3) heating process：The steel billet (ingot) that upper step is obtained is heated to 1200 DEG C, and when heat preservation 2 is small, when heating answers holding furnace
Interior is nitrogen.
(4) rolling process：Steel ingot after heating is put on hot-rolling mill, start rolling temperature is 1150 DEG C, and roughing pushes 4
Secondary, draught per pass 30%, roughing overall reduction is 76%；Final rolling temperature is 950 DEG C, pushes 7 passages, every time pressure
It measures as 15%, finish rolling overall reduction is 63%；Finishing temperature is 800 DEG C, and rolling overall reduction is 91%.After rolling on cold bed certainly
So it is cooled to room temperature.
(5) heat treatment procedure：After cooling steel billet is placed in heating furnace with stove heat to 930 DEG C, when heat preservation 1.5 is small,
Rapid water cooling is to room temperature.
High manganese TWIP low temperature steel microscopic structures are austenites described in the present embodiment, and metallographic structure is as shown in figure 3, average crystal grain
Size is 50.27 μm.
It is 26.54mJ/m to be calculated in the actual stacking fault energy at -196 DEG C2。
High manganese TWIP low temperature steel mechanical properties are described in the present embodiment：In the impact absorbing energy of liquid nitrogen temperature (- 196 DEG C)
241J；Impact absorbing energy 347J at room temperature, yield strength 231MPa, tensile strength 622MPa, elongation after fracture 59%.
Embodiment 4
This implementation designs the chemical composition composition of high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels and its mass percentage is：C：0.30%, Mn：
33%, Si：0.8%, Al：3.0%, remaining is Fe.The stacking fault energy estimated at -196 DEG C is 26.47mJ/m2。
The high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels production method of the present embodiment includes smelting, continuous casting, heating and rolling process, concrete technology step
It is rapid as described below：
(1) smelting procedure：Mn, Al, Si element prepare to throw according to 104%, 110%, 102% proportioning of aimed quality fraction
Material feeds intake according to the preparation of above-mentioned quality proportioning, in 3 tons of electric arc furnace smelting.Add in selected steel scrap in stove first, S in steel scrap：
0.006%, P：0.040%.After scrap melting, load weighted ferrosilicon is sequentially added, manganeisen carries out alloying；The gold of addition
After belonging to fusing, slagging with Lime stone is added in；After slag making materials fusing, the deoxidation of aluminium lime, dephosphorization are subsequently added into；It is eventually adding fine aluminium.
After the completion of melting, vacuum refining degassing, sublimate, oxygen content in steel 68ppm, nitrogen content 39ppm.S：0.001%, P：
0.001%.
Measured after melting high manganese TWIP low-temperature steels chemical composition composition and its mass percentage be：C：0.29%, Mn：
32%, Si：0.77%, Al：3.2%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity.
(2) continuous casting working procedure：In molten steel injection tundish obtained above, baking of tundish temperature is 1070 DEG C；During cast,
It is poured into a mould using whole process protection；1570 DEG C of liquid steel temperature；It is casting continuously to form the small billet of section 150mm × 150mm, pulling rate 1.5m/
min。
(3) heating process：The steel billet (ingot) that upper step is obtained is heated to 1180 DEG C, and when heat preservation 2 is small, when heating answers holding furnace
Interior is nitrogen.
(4) rolling process：Steel ingot after heating is put on hot-rolling mill, start rolling temperature is 1120 DEG C, and roughing pushes 5
Secondary, draught per pass 20%, roughing overall reduction is 67%；Final rolling temperature is 900 DEG C, pushes 9 passages, every time pressure
It measures as 20%, finish rolling overall reduction is 74%；Finishing temperature is 800 DEG C, and rolling overall reduction is 96%.After rolling on cold bed certainly
So it is cooled to room temperature.
(5) heat treatment procedure：After cooling steel billet is placed in heating furnace with stove heat to 980 DEG C, it is fast when heat preservation 1 is small
Fast water cooling is to room temperature.
High manganese TWIP low temperature steel microscopic structures are austenites described in the present embodiment, and metallographic structure is as shown in figure 4, average crystal grain
Size is 65.78 μm.
The actual stacking fault energy being calculated at -196 DEG C is 25.22mJ/m2。
High manganese TWIP low temperature steel mechanical properties are described in the present embodiment：In the impact absorbing energy of liquid nitrogen temperature (- 196 DEG C)
219J；Impact absorbing energy 323J at room temperature, yield strength 204MPa, tensile strength 626MPa, elongation after fracture 65%.
The mechanism of the high manganese TWIP composition of steel design of the present invention is as follows：Stacking fault energy is the Plastic Deformation Mechanism for influencing TWIP steel
Principal element, and the factors such as stacking fault energy and constituent content and temperature are related.High manganese TWIP steel in the present invention with temperature liter
Height, stacking fault energy also increase.And 25~40mJ/m of fault energy range of TWIP effects occurs2, therefore the design of ingredient will be abided by
The changing rule of stacking fault energy is followed, the fault energy range for ensureing steel at -196 DEG C is 25~40mJ/m2.Gao Meng of the present invention
The element composition of TWIP steel is iron, manganese, silicon, aluminium and carbon.Main component of the manganese as TWIP steel with γ-Fe infinitely dissolves, both may be used
Stable austenite tissue can also increase stacking fault energy, and martensitic traoformation is may also suppress while TWIP effects is promoted to occur.Mn members
Element also influences the Plastic Deformation Mechanism of TWIP steel by influencing stacking fault energy, in the case that C content is certain, with the upper of manganese content
It rises, stacking fault energy rises.Therefore the content of manganese is determined as between 25%~35%.With the increase of element silicon, after stacking fault energy first increases
It reduces.The effect of silicon is to promote γ phase transition into ε phases.2.5%Si can enable high manganese TWIP steel mistakes reduce by 6~7mJ/m2.At present,
TWIP steel is optimal with silicone content 3%.But it since silicone content is excessively high unfavorable to the work in TWIP steel later stages, is setting
Element silicon can be properly added when counting TWIP steel alloy ingredients, general control is 1% or so.Therefore design silicon content
For 0.3~1.5%.Aluminium can improve the stacking fault energy of TWIP steel, while can inhibit martensitic traoformation, the hair of favourable TWIP effects
Raw, 1% aluminium content can make stacking fault energy increase 8mJ/m2.But aluminium content is excessively high unfavorable to the casting in later stage, but in view of it
To the facilitation of TWIP effects, the constituent content of Al is determined as 2~4%.Carbon with γ-Fe are limited dissolves each other, therefore can expand
Big austenitic area, the tissue of stable austenite, and can ensure the mechanical property of TWIP steel by solution strengthening.It is higher in Mn contents
Fe-Mn alloy systems in, very greatly, it is desirable to the increase with carbon content, TWIP steel layer for the variation of the composition range of austenite phase field
Mistake can increase, while increase the strain hardening exponent, tensile strength and yield strength of TWIP steel to obtain excellent mechanical property.
Therefore the content of carbon is determined as 0.050~0.30%.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present invention, although with reference to above-described embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Still can the present invention be modified or be waited
With replacing, without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, or any substitutions, the power in the present invention should all be covered
Among sharp claimed range.
Unaccomplished matter of the present invention is known technology.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP with high impact toughness, it is characterized in that the chemical composition composition matter of the low temperature resistant steel
Measuring percentage composition is：C：0.050~0.30%, Mn：25~35%, Si：0.30~1.5%, Al：2.0~4.0%, remaining for Fe and
Inevitable impurity；
Stacking fault energy of the low temperature resistant steel at -196 DEG C is 25 ~ 40mJ/m2。
2. there is the high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP of high impact toughness as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the low temperature resistant steel
Microscopic structure is austenite, and average grain size is 50 ~ 100 μm；
The high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP with high impact toughness is in liquid nitrogen temperature（-196℃）Ballistic work 200J ~
Between 250J；Ballistic work is between 300J ~ 350J at room temperature, and between 200MPa ~ 300MPa, tensile strength exists yield strength
Between 600MPa ~ 700MPa, elongation after fracture is between 45% ~ 65%.
3. the preparation method of the high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP with high impact toughness as described in claim 1, it is characterized in that bag
Include following steps：
（1）Prepare inventory according to the quality proportioning of above-mentioned steel alloy, carry out converter or electric arc furnace smelting；After the completion of melting, very
Sky refining；
Wherein, the addition of manganese element, element silicon is added in a manner of manganeisen and Antaciron respectively；
（2）Continuous casting：In the molten steel injection tundish that upper step is finally obtained, baking of tundish temperature is 1050 ~ 1100 DEG C；Cast
When, it is poured into a mould using whole process protection；1550 ~ 1580 DEG C of liquid steel temperature, the pulling rate of continuous casting is 1 ~ 1.5m/min, obtains steel billet（Ingot）；
（3）Heating process：The steel billet that upper step is obtained（Ingot）1100 ~ 1200 °C are heated under nitrogen protection, heat preservation 1.5 ~ 2 is small
When；
（4）Rolling process：Steel ingot after heating is put on hot-rolling mill, start rolling temperature control carries out between 1050~1150 DEG C
Roughing, roughing push 2 ~ 8 passages, and 20~30%, roughing overall reduction is controlled 60 ~ 80% for draught per pass control；Then
Carry out finish rolling, final rolling temperature is controlled between 850~1050 DEG C, pushes 4 ~ 10 passages, draught per pass control 10~
20%, finish rolling overall reduction is controlled 60 ~ 85%；Finally finish to gauge is carried out at 800 ~ 900 DEG C；It rolls overall reduction and is not less than 90%；Eventually
Room temperature is naturally cooled to after rolling on cold bed, obtains plate slab；
（5）Heat treatment procedure：The plate slab after cooling that upper step is obtained is placed in heating furnace with stove heat to 900 ~ 1000
DEG C, after reducing atmosphere or when rushing that heat preservation 1 ~ 2 is small under inert atmosphere, water cooling to room temperature is finally obtained with high impact toughness
The high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP.
4. the preparation method of the high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP with high impact toughness as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that institute
The step of stating（1）In, when using converter smelting, the molten iron of desulfurization desiliconization is added in first in stove, carries out oxygen blast smelting, tapping
When ladle in add manganeisen, Antaciron and fine aluminium, then carry out deoxidation, alloying；
During described converter smelting, S≤0.01% in the molten iron of the desulfurization desiliconization of injection, Si≤0.10%；Oxygen blast is smelted, and is smelted eventually
Point requires chemical composition as follows：C≤0.05%, Si≤0.10%, Mn≤0.20%, S≤0.01%, P≤0.01%.
5. the preparation method of the high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP with high impact toughness as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that institute
The step of stating（1）In, when using electric arc furnace smelting, selected steel scrap is added in stove first, steel scrap after being melted down, sequentially adds
Load weighted ferrosilicon, manganeisen carry out alloying；After the metal molten of addition, slagging with Lime stone is added in；Slag making materials melts
Afterwards, the deoxidation of aluminium lime, dephosphorization are subsequently added into；It is eventually adding fine aluminium；
S≤0.01% in the selected steel scrap of the addition, P≤0.10%.
6. the preparation method of the high low temperature resistant steel of manganese TWIP with high impact toughness as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that institute
The step of stating（1）After middle vacuum refining, oxygen content in steel is not more than 120ppm, and nitrogen content is not more than 50ppm, S≤0.002%, P
≤0.002%。
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