CN108114583A

CN108114583A - Control flue gas correlation atmospheric acid particulate matter and low-carbon control haze method and system

Info

Publication number: CN108114583A
Application number: CN201711414490.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李树生
Original assignee: Shandong Tianjing Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Tianjing Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-08-16
Filing date: 2017-12-22
Publication date: 2018-06-05
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-22
Also published as: CN108114583B

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of a kind of low-carbons that the method for flue gas correlation atmospheric acid particulate matter, the low-carbon of energy saving micro- row suitable for flue gas polution control using the above method a kind of is controlled to control haze method and energy saving micro- row suitable for flue gas polution control using the above method to control haze system, water content in the control particulate matter method control or reduction flue gas, salt is directly or indirectly generated with alkali substance reaction in the presence of water to control or reduce acid gas in flue gas ingredient, and then reduces and comes from the Atmospheric particulates of salt and/or non-particulate atmosphere pollution；The low-carbon controls haze method by above method control and the relevant Atmospheric particulates of flue gas, and then realizes that low-carbon controls haze；The low-carbon controls haze system and sets to remove the heat-exchange apparatus of water vapour on flue.The present invention can be greatly reduced water vapour and idle discharge is put, and cut down the atmospheric pollution sources for costaring change, effectively contained that from infecting, the purpose that haze is controlled from source is realized with energy-saving low-carbon mode for Acid-base Gas in air.

Description

Control flue gas correlation atmospheric acid particulate matter and low-carbon control haze method and system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method for controlling the generation of flue gas correlation atmospheric acid particulate matter, chemical combination and evolution, one kind is adopted The low-carbon of energy saving micro- row suitable for flue gas polution control in aforementioned manners controls haze method, a kind of to be suitable for cigarette using the above method The low-carbon of energy saving micro- row of gas contamination control controls haze system, belongs to Air Pollution Control and environmental protection technical field.

Background technology

The present invention is based on applicant to China air haze main reason and contaminants associated chemical combination evolution mechanism at this stage Research and announcement overcome the misunderstanding that people for a long time pollute haze main reason and the related natural law, correct for long-term Technology prejudice, form the brand-new technical thought of the present invention and technology path.

The outburst of Chinese haze is more than 4 years, and opinions vary for the origin cause of formation, generally believe at present cause haze particulate matter be industry and Life etc. social synthesis it is in line as a result, it is main including：(1) coal-burning boiler, it is thus national that many energy consumption enterprises are closed down over 4 years, Coal consumption total amount is also decreased obviously, and haze pollution situation does not obtain desired improvement；(2) live and dissipate coal combustion, thus carry out Large-scale coal consumption of living control, implements that coal changes gas, coal changes electricity etc., and Beijing City has prevented coal consumption of living substantially at present, The coal consumption of living amount in suburb is also controlled, and bans the low coal consumption of living of quality；(3) thus motor vehicle exhaust emission is constantly washed in a pan High pollution fuel-engined vehicle is eliminated, the stringent increment for controlling fuel-engined vehicle, fuel qualities are gradually increased to state V by oily state II, from more The secondary data to motor vehicle exhaust emission actual measurement are seen, when the tail gas dust-laden of fuel-engined vehicle is even lower than weight haze weather at present in air Dust content；(4) construction fugitive dust, thus requirement carry out the covering of building site face, and heavily contaminated weather stops construction action etc., but serious haze Calm weather is usually happened at, without the power-assisted of wind, it is difficult to dust raising phenomenon occur；(5) crop straw burning：The stalk of rural area in short-term is burnt Burning occurs over just two season of summer and autumn, is controlled by the stringent of governments at all levels, and the winter iced earth that weight haze takes place frequently, natively It is not in large area field crop straw burning；(6) ammonium hydroxide of the agricultural as fertilizer application, can form the ammonium in haze after volatilization Salt, but investigation result is shown, and present peasant with composite fertilizer, did not just have to ammonium hydroxide before 10 years；(7) street corner barbecue etc., it is thus right Street corner barbecue has carried out stringent limitation, there is no street corner barbecue in city, and but coldest days of the year for taking place frequently of weight haze, i.e., Make without strictly controlling, also few street corner barbecues exist.

It is existing it is numerous control haze measure and do not receive desired effect, over 4 years, on ground people force to subtract haze with it is in the sky Weight haze take place frequently reality formed sharp contrast, now will in recent years national environmental protection on flue gas particles discharge standard, boiler chimney Granular material discharged situation up to standard then, weight haze atmosphere particle concentration, weight haze coverage statistics are listed as follows：

1 standard limit of smog release of table, actual discharge situation and air weight haze concentration and range statistics table

As seen from Table 1,2012 and in the past the big haze of Commercial pellet object discharge capacity do not occurred frequently but, state in 2013 Family starts severely to control haze, starts the phenomenon that heavy haze takes place frequently occur centered on the regions such as Beijing in northern area, haze in 2014 Outburst extends to North of Yangtze River, stretches to the vast area south of the Yangtze River within 2015, and 2017 " New Year's Day haze " infects even ShenZhen,GuangDong Also haze is come in, and so far 4 years 2013 polycyclic to take care of yourself fist and control haze particle object discharge capacity and reduce hazes instead into several times more than ten times It aggravates.

Since weight haze outburst in 2013, country controls that haze dynamics is increasing, and the online detection instrument of environmental protection administration is main For away from dust-laden, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides is installed on the desulfurization export platform at the 30-40 rice of ground, all initiation officials pay close attention to Ground on to the every aspect of aerial directly discharged particle be entirely to be reduced, weigh haze particle object actual amount but every year in air It is increment, this is into the mystery of Chinese haze.

The investigation and research of inventor herein discloses, if by corresponding region weight haze particle object content A based on 100% It calculates, total emission volumn B accounted for 20-25% therein in 2013 on ground, accounted within 2017 5-8% therein so far, therefore big About 75-95% (A-B) in gas haze total amount is not that ground is directly discharged.According to existing achievement in research, chemistry in haze into Point by put in order from more to less for：VOC, sulfate, nitrate, ammonium salt, carbonate, micronic dust etc..Inventor is according to haze Sulfate, nitrate, ammonium salt, the chemical composition of carbonate and the related ground emission source of grain object have carried out detailed analysis and have ground Study carefully, it should be formed by " acid-base neutralization into salt " to find these acidic salt granules objects, and " acid " mostlys come from boiler smoke Discharge, " alkali " mostlys come from the alkaline matter of boiler flue gas desulfurization denitration.

The sour gas of the alkaline matter of desulphurization denitration and flue gas emission " acid-base neutralization into salt " is weight haze ackd salt Grain object source, it is no desulphurization denitration that China, which does not have the reason for haze, before 2005, between 2005-2012 desulphurization denitration by Nian Zengjian is formed, and air quality is gradually deteriorated, 2012 and in the past in large area desulphurization denitration equipment but run time it is short and Idle time is long, although 2012 are that chemical combination differentiation amount is lacked the reason for air quality variation does not form severe haze, Fig. 6 is shown Show that the related annual desulfurization operational percentage in China and the change curve of actual haze concentration compare, the two changing condition is identical.

It investigates further it has also been found that desulphurization denitration equipment has been built up in national requirements must be dropped in line prison the end of the year in 2012 It surveys, as long as this has just unlocked calm and atmospheric inversion after in January, 2013, just " high jump formula " is broken out and to control haze uncontrolled haze Human factor.

The fact that haze is frequently broken out illustrates that huge acid particles object " dome " can just be formed in one day in haze is not It is also impossible to be the civilian direct discharge of industry, cause serious haze pollution is into therefore mystery：Weight haze is mainly the dry cigarette of boiler high temperature Low Temperature Wet cigarette vapour that gas is formed by a large amount of spray coolings of desulphurization denitration triggers the chemical combination of " acid-base neutralization into salt small particle " to drill Become and replace chain reaction generation, the acid particles object in haze is the CO by being bonded together in chimney₂、SO₂Deng and H₂O Form H₂CO₃、 H₂SO₄Deng the combination reaction of complicated sour gas (vapour) body, these sour gas basic species with desulfurization again It is mainly coming for weight haze generation that alkaline matter in matter and air, which occurs combination reaction and replaces reaction generation acidic salt granules object, Source.

A variety of sour gas such as the environmentally friendly flue gas sulfate radical not detected, chlorion and desulfurization generate calcium ion or ammonium ion etc. Under the absorption stickup effect of 40~65 DEG C of flue gas water mist, a series of acid-base neutralizations occur for a variety of alkaline gas into ackd salt The chemical reaction of grain object and displacement reaction, " the cold vapour " of low temperature wet flue gas have not only played " acting as a procurer ", have also taken part in chemical combination Displacement reaction, the low temperature " cold vapour " that negatively charged water mist is formed with desulfurization are unique causalities of haze outburst.

The generation " illness " of haze acidic salt granules object and the sequence of " morbidity " root and process are as follows：

(1) chemical reaction of boiler combustion：

C+O₂=CO₂

S+O₂=SO₂... wait on-condensible gases

(2) in flue can condensing and on-condensible gas combination reaction：

CO₂+H₂O=H₂CO₃(carbonic acid is unstable)

SO₂+H₂O=H₂SO₃(sulfurous acid)

(3) gypsum desulphurization reaction, regenerable absorbent oxidation process：

NaOH+SO₂→Na₂SO₃+H₂O

Na₂SO+SO₂+H₂O→NaHSO₃

NaHSO₃+Ca(OH)₂→Na₂SO₃+CaSO₃↓+H₂O

Na₂SO₃+Ca(OH)₂→NaOH+CaSO₃↓

(4) chemical reaction of the ammonia process of desulfurization：

NH₃+H₂O+SO₂→NH₄OH+SO₂→NH₄HSO₃

(5) denitration function：

(NH₄)₂SO₃+NO+NO₂→(NH₄)₂SO₄+N₂↑

(6) boiler smoke chemical composition is extremely complex, includes H by the sour gas of wind turbine blowout wet desulphurization tower₂SO₃It is sub- Sulfuric acid, H₂CO₃Steam, HNO₃Nitric acid etc., while NH is included by alkaline vapour (gas) body of wind turbine mixing blowout wet desulphurization tower₃Ammonia Vapour escape, NaOH and Na₂SO₃Steam etc..

(7) these Acid-base Gas (steam) that wet desulphurization tower enters chimney are left, have passed through burning, chemical combination, electric precipitation Process there is very strong Electrostatic Absorption continue Various Complex because being bonded together " acid-base neutralization be into small of salt The chemical reaction of grain object ".

To sum up, although the various Air Pollution Control measures that China uses directly are discharged for reducing the ground of pollutant Very big effect, but appearance that is still effective or controlling weight haze weather completely have been arrived, and it is counterweight the reason for this situation occur Haze main reason or emphasis influence factor lack necessary or comprehensive understanding, there are long-term technology prejudice, therefore, it is necessary to On the basis of the related natural law correctly understanding, using these natural laws, weight haze can preferably be solved the problems, such as by finding out Effective ways.

The content of the invention

In order to overcome the drawbacks described above of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of control flue gas correlation atmospheric acid particulate matters Method, the low-carbon of energy saving micro- row suitable for flue gas polution control using the above method a kind of control haze method and a kind of using upper The low-carbon for stating energy saving micro- row suitable for flue gas polution control of method controls haze system, and weight is formed to be mitigated or eliminated from source One essential condition of haze, by control or reduce acid gas in flue gas ingredient in the presence of water directly or indirectly with alkalescence Substance reaction generates salt, and reduction comes from the Atmospheric particulates of salt and/or non-particulate atmosphere pollution, control or reduces and flue gas Relevant air haze pollution.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention：It is a kind of control flue gas correlation atmospheric acid particulate matter method, control or Reduce the water content in flue gas, with control or reduce under the participation of acid gas in flue gas ingredient and water directly or indirectly with alkalescence Substance reaction generates salt, and then reduces and come from the Atmospheric particulates of salt and/or non-particulate atmosphere pollution.

Preferably, flue gas is included to the fume afterheat including the steam latent heat of vaporization to recycle, is set on flue Putting can realize that flue gas carries out the heat-exchange apparatus of indirect heat exchange with low temperature heat-absorbing medium, absorb flue gas with low temperature heat-absorbing medium Waste heat reduces the exhaust temperature of flue gas, and the water vapour in flue gas is made to be condensed into liquid water and is discharged, and the water reduced in flue gas contains Amount.

Preferably, the heat-exchange apparatus is arranged at before flue gas desulfurization device, and the front is usually also provided with flue gas Cleaner, according to dust removal requirement, electrostatic precipitator or removing containing electrostatic precipitator may be employed in the smoke dust-removing equipment Dirt equipment combines or other suitable prior arts, and the flue gas desulfurization device uses wet type, the dry type or half-dried of any suitable Formula desulphurization plant, such as the flue gas desulfurization device is using wet desulphurization tower, the flue gas desulfurization device (such as wet type desulfurizing Tower) input gas temperature can be less than 100 DEG C, by reduce wet desulphurization tower import and export flue-gas temperature it is poor, control wet type take off Desulfurization evaporated quantity of water in sulphur tower is reduced or avoided because sulfur removal technology increases the water capacity of flue gas, and the wet desulphurization tower uses The temperature difference of constant temperature desulfurization (basic constant temperature) or control desulfurizing tower inlet and outlet flue gas is not higher than ± 5 DEG C or the scope not higher than ± 10 DEG C It is interior, the flue gas temperature in the desulfurization process conditions such as temperature that can be by controlling desulfurization water (alkaline recirculated water) control sweetening process Degree, is allowed to meet corresponding smoke entrance temperature control requirement.

It is condensed by the heat-exchange apparatus and realizes that flue gas water vapour removal rate is preferably no less than 80%.

The input gas temperature of wet desulphurization tower is preferably 60-80 DEG C or so.

Wet desulphurization tower exit gas temperature is preferably 55-80 DEG C or so.

The input gas temperature upper limit that heat-exchange apparatus adapts to is preferably not less than 140 degree.

Due to being in saturation or nearly saturation state into the steam in the flue gas of wet desulphurization tower, and flue-gas temperature is less than 100 DEG C, during being contacted with desulfurization water, it is sour that sulfur dioxide etc. can not only be eliminated with the alkali substance reaction in desulfurization water Property ingredient, flue-gas temperature and volume are substantially constant or declined, and the water capacity of flue gas is also substantially constant or even is declined, by This is avoided because wet desulphurization causes flue gas increasing considerably containing water inventory.

Preferably, the flue gas desulfurization device use wet desulphurization tower, by the condensed water that the heat-exchange apparatus is discharged into Completely or partially it is used as the supplement water of wet desulphurization tower after row processing, the processing of condensed water is included removing solid particle therein Object or including removing solid particulate matter therein and acidity, can according to wet desulphurization tower with water installations it needs to be determined that, The acidity of condensed water can be eliminated by the desulfurization water alkali addition process of wet desulphurization tower, can also be disappeared in water treatment procedure is condensed Except acidity therein, also mitigate wet desulphurization tower plus alkali equipment burden, according to requirement of the desulphurization plant to desulfurization coolant-temperature gage, When needing to supplement water heating, it would be desirable to which the supplement water of heating is passed through institute as the heat-absorbing medium of the heat-exchange apparatus It states heat-exchange apparatus and carries out heat exchange, that the wet desulphurization tower is accessed after heat-exchange apparatus heats up uses water installations.

The low-carbon of energy saving micro- row suitable for flue gas polution control a kind of controls haze method, uses any one control of the present invention The method of flue gas correlation atmospheric acid particulate matter eliminates or reduces the chemical combination displacement reaction after flue gas emission, and then controls or subtract The relevant air haze of few and flue gas pollutes.

The low-carbon of energy saving micro- row suitable for flue gas polution control a kind of controls haze system, and cigarette can be realized by being set on flue Gas carries out the heat-exchange apparatus of indirect heat exchange with low temperature heat-absorbing medium, absorbs smoke heat energy with low temperature heat-absorbing medium, reduces cigarette The exhaust temperature of gas makes the water vapour in flue gas be condensed into liquid water and discharges, and the water content in flue gas is reduced, to control or subtract Few acid gas in flue gas ingredient directly or indirectly generates salt in the presence of water with alkali substance reaction.

The exiting flue gas of the heat-exchange apparatus can access desulphurization plant by flue and carry out desulfurization process, the desulfurization For equipment preferably using wet desulphurization tower, the input gas temperature of the wet desulphurization tower imports and exports flue gas temperature less than 100 degrees Celsius Degree difference is no more than 5 or 10 DEG C.

Preferably, the heat-exchange apparatus is exchanged heat using multistage, and multistage changes thermogenetic condensed water segmentation and draws, including suitable In the housing of access flue, the air inlet side ports of the housing are shell side medium entrance, for connecting air inlet side flue, go out gas side Port is shell side media outlet, for connecting outlet side flue, is distributed with vertically in the housing multiple spaced Heat exchange unit, the tube side medium channel of closing is equipped in the heat exchanging piece of the heat exchange unit, before the heat exchange unit The housing hollow of both sides is connected by the shell side medium channel of the heat exchange unit afterwards, and the heat-exchange apparatus is additionally provided with multiple Segmented drip pipe, at least provided with a connection segmented condensed water between any two adjacent heat exchange units Delivery pipe condensate water discharging mouth (or for segmented drip pipe water inlet, same segmented condensed water elimination The water inlet quantity set on pipe can be one, or multiple), closest to behind the heat exchange unit of outlet side ports At least provided with the condensate water discharging mouth of a connection segmented drip pipe, the heat exchanging piece of the heat exchange unit is adopted With any one or more in hollow orifice plate, annular heat exchange tube and Plane Spiral-tube, realized during heat exchange is carried out It draws including water vapour condensation, dust settling, condensed water and is mutually shunted with the four of flue gas emission, contain steam in air inlet side flue Enter heat-exchange apparatus from the shell side medium entrance of heat-exchange apparatus with the flue gas of dust, by during heat exchange unit and heat exchanging piece In heat-absorbing medium indirect heat exchange, the stop formed by heat exchange unit in housing cavity and area change, in flue gas stream Inertial separation is formed in dynamic process and Gravity Separation effect, the suspended particulate substance including flue dust are separated and sunk with flue gas It drops, the steam in flue gas is converted to the deposition region that condensed water condensed upon and/or flowed through suspended particulate substance due to heat release, and dust mixes Enter condensed water to discharge from the condensation-water drain of heat-exchange apparatus together, the flue gas after condensation and separation is from the shell side of heat-exchange apparatus Media outlet is discharged.

Preferably, the condensed water for being mixed with dust of the heat-exchange apparatus discharge is separated into corresponding water treatment facilities Go out dust therein, according to actual needs, the prior arts such as inclined-plate clarifying basin may be employed in the water treatment facilities, can also adopt With the combined treatment device of the Alternatives such as neutralization, biochemical and flocculation sediment.

Preferably, the heat exchanging piece quantity of the heat exchange unit is one or more, and the shell side of the heat exchange unit is situated between Matter passage include it is following any one or more：

1) gap between heat exchanging piece and inner walls, including variously-shaped heat exchanging piece emargintion；

2) axially extending bore set in heat exchanging piece, including before and after the connection heat exchange unit that is formed by heat exchanging piece this body contour The variously-shaped space of both sides housing hollow；

3) gap between heat exchanging piece each several part；

4) when the quantity of heat exchanging piece is multiple, gap between each heat exchanging piece etc..

Preferably, the heat-exchange apparatus uses vertical or horizontal, and the housing of the vertical heat-exchange apparatus is vertically set It puts, the lower end port of housing is air inlet side ports, and upper end port is outlet side ports, and the opposing end surface of adjacent heat exchange unit is The clinoplain being mutually parallel, the housing axis with the heat-exchange apparatus are consequently formed heat exchange list in the angle for not being 90 ° It is inclined between member to wait thick clearances；The housing of the horizontal heat-exchange apparatus is horizontally disposed with, and the front-end port of housing is air inlet Side ports, back-end ports are outlet side ports, and the opposing end surface of adjacent heat exchange unit is the opposite clinoplain of inclined direction, Housing axis with the heat-exchange apparatus is in the angle for not being 90 °, and the spacing between both ends of the surface upper end is big, between lower end Spacing it is small, be consequently formed V shapes gap wide at the top and narrow at the bottom between heat exchange unit, the bottom width of the V-shaped gap is not preferably Zero.

The heat exchanging piece of the heat exchange unit may be employed hollow orifice plate, annular heat exchange tube and snail heat exchanger tube etc. and appoint Meaning is suitable for the combination of one or more forms in the form laterally set：

1) the hollow orifice plate that laterally (or angle vertical with the axis of housing is more than 45 ° of direction) is set, same heat exchange Hollow orifice plate quantity in unit typically one, the hollow orifice plate are equipped with side panel and leeward side panel windward, institute The outer surface for stating side panel windward and leeward side panel respectively constitutes side end face windward and the leeward side of this heat exchange unit End face, the side panel windward and leeward side panel be equipped with it is corresponding and pass through that plate hole connecting tube is tightly connected it is logical Hole, the plate hole connecting tube is axial (direction that is parallel with the axis of housing or being not more than 45 ° with angle) straight tube, through two institutes The space between panel is stated, the pore of the plate hole connecting tube forms the shell side medium channel of the hollow orifice plate, described hollow The inner cavity of orifice plate is for forming its tube side medium channel, described in the space composition between the side panel windward and leeward side panel The cavity of hollow orifice plate can set partition plate and/deflector to form required medium flow channels in the cavity, flow through medium The each several part of cavity, avoids dead angle and short circuit as far as possible, and flow velocity everywhere is made to meet the requirements as far as possible, and specific separation or diversion mode can With according to the prior art, the plate hole connecting tube both ends respectively with respective through hole on the side panel windward and leeward side panel Edge seal connects, and the inner wall sealing of the periphery of the hollow orifice plate preferably with the housing of the heat-exchange apparatus is connected, described It is set on hollow orifice plate and connects its inner cavity for accessing and discharging the heat-absorbing medium interface of heat-absorbing medium (including heat-absorbing medium import It is exported with heat-absorbing medium)；

2) annular heat exchange tube laterally set, the pore of the annular heat exchange tube form its tube side medium channel, same heat The quantity of annular heat exchange tube in crosspoint is one or more, when the annular heat exchange tube in same heat exchange unit When quantity is one, the side external surface windward and leeward side external surface of the annular heat exchange tube respectively constitute this in plane The side end face windward and leeward side end face of heat exchange unit；When the quantity of the annular heat exchange tube in same heat exchange unit is When multiple, each annular heat exchange tube is concentric and differs in size, and internal and external partition is distributed successively, and each annular heat exchange tube is windward Side external surface is located in approximately the same plane, collectively forms the side end face windward of this heat exchange unit, each annular heat exchange tube Leeward side external surface be located in approximately the same plane, collectively form the leeward side end face of this heat exchange unit；For example, this heat Crosspoint can be connected two-by-two several adjacent annular heat exchanger tubes or connected mutually nested two-by-two but between leaving each other Away from several annular heat exchange tubes, any independent tube side medium channel being made of interconnected multiple annular heat exchange tubes is all provided with There are the inlet and outlet of heat-absorbing medium, for accessing and drawing heat-absorbing medium or each annular heat exchange tube is set each solely respectively Vertical heat-absorbing medium inlet and outlet, are directly accessed and draw heat-absorbing medium, be not attached between each other；

3) spiral heat exchange tube laterally set, the spiral heat exchange tube exchange heat for snail heat exchanger tube or facade spiral Pipe, the snail heat exchanger tube refer to that the center line of its pore is located in a plane, and the facade spiral heat exchange tube refers to it The center line of pore is not located in a plane, and the pore of the spiral heat exchange tube forms its tube side medium channel, and same heat is handed over The spiral heat exchange tube quantity in unit is changed as one or more, when using snail heat exchanger tube, when same heat exchange unit In the snail heat exchanger tube quantity be one when, the side external surface windward and leeward side of the snail heat exchanger tube Outer surface in plane, respectively constitutes the side end face windward of this heat exchange unit and leeward side end face；When same heat exchange list When the quantity of the snail heat exchanger tube in member is multiple, stayed between the subregion of at least part snail heat exchanger tube There is spacing, the side external surface windward of each snail heat exchanger tube is located in approximately the same plane, collectively forms this heat exchange The side end face windward of unit, the leeward side external surface of each snail heat exchanger tube are located in approximately the same plane, collectively form The leeward side end face of this heat exchange unit, when using facade spiral heat exchange tube, when described vertical in same heat exchange unit When the quantity of surface helix heat exchanger tube is one, the side external surface windward of the facade spiral heat exchange tube and leeward side external surface difference Form the side end face windward of this heat exchange unit and leeward side end face；When the facade spiral in same heat exchange unit is changed When the quantity of heat pipe is multiple, spacing, each facade spiral shell are left between the subregion of at least part facade spiral heat exchange tube The side external surface windward of rotation heat exchanger tube collectively forms the side end face windward of this heat exchange unit, each facade spiral heat exchange tube Leeward side external surface collectively form the leeward side end face of this heat exchange unit.

Preferably, the side end face windward of the heat exchanging piece and the edge of leeward side end face are equipped with axially extending gear out Mill weir, thus on the corresponding end-faces of the heat exchanging piece formed axially open diversion trench, for condensed water catchment and water conservancy diversion, The overfall forms the cell wall of corresponding diversion trench, and the condensate water discharging mouth is arranged on the lowest part of corresponding diversion trench, is used for The condensed water in diversion trench is accessed, preferably in funnel-form, the outlet connection liquid conveying of the segmented drip pipe is moved The conveying import of power apparatus, the liquid power delivery unit is preferably using Multistage multi, the multi-stage multi-pipe Be sucked the medium entrance that is sucked of medium channel on jet injector with high efficiency for connecting, it is described be sucked medium entrance form it is this The conveying conveying import of liquid power delivery unit.

Preferably, the segmented drip pipe of the heat-exchange apparatus and flushing water discharge spout access can be consolidated Liquid separates or can carry out the water treatment facilities of separation of solid and liquid and acid-base neutralization, and the water outlets of the water treatment facilities passes through cold Condensate reuse pipeline accesses the use water installations of wet desulphurization tower, and the recycling condensing water pipeline can be a manifold, can also It is multiple branch pipes being mutually juxtaposed or multiple branch pipes being mutually juxtaposed is equipped on the partial sector of manifold, the condensed water returns With the tube side that the heat-exchange apparatus is concatenated on the manifold or one of branch pipes of pipeline, the suction as the heat-exchange apparatus Thermal medium, that wet desulphurization tower is accessed after heat absorption heats up uses water installations.

The present invention mechanism and have the beneficial effect that：

It suits the remedy to the case first, having found haze origin accurately, has at least caught a key factor for causing weight haze weather, pin This factor with the technical measures of the micro- row of low-carbon energy-saving from source is realized and controls haze purpose, by the way that boiler combustion is greatly reduced Water vapour and desulphurization denitration afterwards is largely sprayed water the chimney water vapour discharge capacity of formation, so as to reduce the acid that is bonded together in chimney Property gas (vapour) body chemical reaction amount, extension reduce these sour gas again with the alkalescence in the alkaline matter and air of desulfurization The generation combination reaction of substance and displacement reaction generation acidic salt granules object, i.e., reduce haze particulate matter in air from source Growing amount opens new road to control haze.

Second is that " low-carbon controls haze " significantly recycles residual heat from boiler fume, the energy-saving and emission-reduction that country proposes are promoted to " energy saving micro- row ", not only flue gas cool-down is energy saving, it is often more important that it is notable that water vapour releases a large amount of latent heat of vaporization energy-saving benefits, belongs to In low-carbon field, the waste vapour waste heat for largely being discharged industry to sky with contract energy management mode is invested or not invested less in user It recycles, heat user energy efficiency, reducing fuel consumption reduces production cost, and boiler reduces the pernicious gases such as carbon dioxide row High-volume, realize that the various aspects of energy-saving and water-saving economize on electricity environmental protection are benefited.

Third, solve the problems, such as the carbonated drink sour corrosion and blocking flue in flue, the acid water that boiler flue cooling generates, When itself cannot under the negative pressure of flue device it is in line out, second is that acid water eject environmental protection it is not up to standard, by controlling automatically System, the sucking-off pressurization of condensed water and conveying, acid water process cyclic utilization system up to standard realize the cycling profit of sewage zero-discharge With.

Fig. 7, which is shown, uses the present invention to carry out smoke gas treatment visual effect and the flue gas with being administered for the use present invention Visual effect compares, and wherein the left side, which is shown before chimney is not transformed using the present invention, emits vaporous condition, forms haze, the right is shown What is shown is to use the improved micro- steam discharge situation of chimney of the present invention, significantly emission reduction haze ingredient.

Heat-exchange apparatus of the present invention is established will be in device in inventor's research and development successful " shunting of four phases " theory The special equipment that water vapour, air, condensed water, the liquid phase segmented diverter of four phase of dust come out, is mainly used for the cooling of boiler smoke vapour Necessarily lead to below to dew point and acid aqueous corrosion is solved the problems, such as in the case of liquid-gas phase transition and blocks flue.

Description of the drawings

The boiler smoke vapour energy-saving low-carbon that Fig. 1 is the present invention controls haze system flow total figure；

Fig. 2 is the organigram of vertical heat-exchange apparatus of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is the organigram of horizontal heat-exchange apparatus of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is that the present invention relates to the schematic diagrames of heat-exchange apparatus, desulfurizing tower and water treatment facilities construction；

Fig. 5 is a kind of multi-stage multi-pipe jet pump schematic diagram of the present invention；

Fig. 6 China desulfurization operational percentage over the years and the curve relation figure of haze concentration；

Fig. 7 is related to the flue gas emission comparison photo of regulation effect of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 5, basic fundamental route of the invention is that the condition to form weight haze is eliminated from source, control or reduction Water content in flue gas, to control or reduce acid gas in flue gas ingredient in the presence of water directly or indirectly and alkaline matter Reaction generation salt, and then reduce and come from the Atmospheric particulates of salt and/or non-particulate atmosphere pollution.

Referring to Fig. 1, which is the core technology general description of the present invention, is that air acidity particulate matter chemical combination develops to be formed Mechanism with administer application for a patent for invention total figure, illustrate boiler smoke pacify from economizer to the flue between wet desulphurization tower The energy saving micro- arranging device (heat-exchange apparatus) of boiler smoke vapour is filled, with production the low temperature heat-absorbing medium heated is needed to enter boiler smoke vapour section The micro- arranging device heat absorption of energy is into high-temperature water or is heated into steam feeding heating equipment heat release；Water vapour in cigarette vapour is cooled because of heat release Pollution is carried out after discharging flue into acid water and handles recycling after qualification；The energy saving micro- arranging device of cigarette vapour is by flue gas by height Temperature is cooled to low temperature and into wet desulphurization tower, and water vapour discharges flue by most of cool down, into the wet desulphurization tower Water content can largely reduce, since the flue gas originally into wet desulphurization tower is reduced to less than 80 DEG C by 130 DEG C or more, flue-gas temperature It reduces, desulfurization rate of water make-up can be greatly reduced to form saving water resource, and the reduction of wet desulphurization tower temperature is conducive to improve desulfurization knot Brilliant effect, rate of water make-up reduction cause desulphurization circulating water to reduce, and quantity of circulating water reduction just reduces the resistance that flue gas rises discharge, The power consumption of air-introduced machine and water circulating pump reduces to form energy-saving efficiency；Flue water vapour and desulfurization rate of water make-up significantly subtract twice It is few, the steam of flue gas emission is caused to reduce more than 80%, smoke stack emission " great Bai dragons " becomes " little Bai dragons "；Since water vapour is reduced The chemical combination differentiation amount of " acid-base neutralization into salt " is caused in chimney to reduce more than 70%, while in " hangover " cigarette of flue gas discharge chimney The chemical combination differentiation amount of gas reduces more than 70%, it is crucial that being reduced the low of 70% water vapour in calm atmospheric inversion Warm and humid flue gas is equal to the haze particulate matter chemical combination differentiation amount that air reduces 70%, button go it is in line less than 10% particulate matter on ground, It is exactly 60% growing amount of reduction atmospheric haze particulate matter true, controls haze technological transformation with low-carbon and weight haze can be weakened into light Haze, light haze become blue sky and white cloud, achieve the purpose that air contaminant treatment.

Low-carbon of the present invention controls haze totality measure：By power plant's waste vapour (flue gas) waste heat by flue heat exchange being set to set Standby closed recovery is realized " consuming energy in city zero " using that also with heat pump techniques temperature raising supercharging can be coordinated to send nearby urban；Steam power plant gives up After vapour heat source is matched with city low-temperature receiver, the original hot-water boiler in city and vapor heated heat supply side are substituted with a large amount of power plant's waste heat Formula does not increase energy consumption, but also deactivated city heating hot water boiler and reduction thermal power plant boiler burning and exhausting and pollution not only, at one stroke More, haze general plan is controlled with low-carbon measure, national low-carbon city can be driven to declare a war to haze, low-carbon controls haze and realizes steam power plant five Alliance increment：When the more steam supplies of boiler or multiple electricity, second is that the more steam extractions of steam turbine expand industrial production demand, third, realizing city Few energy consumption of winter heating heat or " zero energy consumption ", fourth, realize the few energy consumption or " zero energy consumption " of summer lithium bromide refrigerating, fifth, Realize city hotel hospital and resident few energy consumption of bathing or " zero energy consumption " throughout the year.

Scientific findings of the present invention：It is exactly to explore one " power plant's waste vapour becomes precious " for low-carbon city that low-carbon, which controls haze technology, It realizes " consuming energy in city zero ", low-carbon Zhi Maixin roads with Chinese characteristics.

Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present invention provides a kind of more efficiently heat-exchange apparatus, the heat-exchange apparatus is preferred Using the energy saving micro- arranging device of boiler smoke vapour, including housing 1, housing is equipped with air inlet side ports 10 and outlet side ports 2, the shell For connecting air inlet side flue, outlet side ports 2 in housing are segmented and set for connecting outlet side flue the air inlet side ports 10 of body Several groups of heat exchange units 4 are put, not by 4 the space occupied of hollow orifice plate or heat exchanger tube (including in heat exchanging piece or exchanging heat in housing Gap and through hole between part etc.) form the shell side medium channel 3 of heat exchange unit, medium channel or heat exchange in hollow orifice plate The pore of pipe constitutes heat-absorbing medium passage 5, heat-absorbing medium (being under normal circumstances water) input channel 6 and heat-absorbing medium efferent duct Road 9 connects the heat-absorbing medium import of heat exchange unit 4 and heat-absorbing medium outlet respectively, and the bottom of housing is provided with acid condensate water Discharge tube 7 sets water collecting funnel 8 in the entrance of condensed water elimination pipeline, and the water collecting funnel can be condensed water elimination In funnelform construction at conduit entrance, the water distribution pipe 15 for heat exchanger internal washing/flushing is laid, in water distribution pipe 15 Upper setting periodic cleaning rotation control valve 14 and rotary nozzle 12, the spacing 16 between the adjacent heat exchange unit 4 are in Oblique shape or " V " shape are formed and rinsed and space for maintenance (the vertical oblique spacing using uniform thickness, horizontal using " V " shape spacing).

After setting heat exchange unit in the cavity of housing, can catchment effect according to resistance, heat-exchange capacity, condensed water It is designed etc. the factor progress various sizes or dimension scale for needing emphasis consideration, for example, when needs are between heat exchange unit When enough gravitational settlings are formed in cavity, velocity of flue gas should be reduced to required degree, the shell side in heat exchange unit is situated between Ratio between matter aisle spare and housing cavity total cross-sectional area will mainly be occupied by heat exchanging piece contained in heat exchange unit The ratio can be set as the optimum ranges such as 5050-70% by the ratio-dependent of the cross-sectional area of housing hollow, for example, 50%, 60%th, 70%, with overall balance equipment volume, resistance and gravitational settling effect etc..

The boiler high temperature cigarette vapour (gas) passes through air inlet side ports 10, is dispersed into two sections or several sections of exhaust gases passes 3, phase To just arranging or being staggeredly arranged, the flue gas (vapour) after heat release collects discharges the adjacent section exhaust gases passes 3 by outlet side ports 2, According to system design, into desulphurization plant, flue gas heat-exchange unit (GGH) or chimney etc..

When the energy saving micro- arranging device of boiler smoke vapour is mounted on vertical flue, using vertical boiler cigarette vapour, energy saving micro- row fills Put, since segmentation exchanges heat, also ensure that into cold water will not directly fall due to proportion is heavier to bottom, segmented by order gradually Into the heat transfer process for completing cold and hot corresponding exchange rather than single hybrid switching, the lower part of the vertical housing is equipped with water-accepting board 11, the water-accepting board 11 is equipped with the through hole 18 for forming exhaust gases passes and the water-accepting board overfall for water receiving, described to connect The water outlet side of water plate overfall is equipped with water collecting funnel, and the water-accepting board 11 is set for the condensed water drop-off positions of top heat exchanger tube Fixed, through hole therein is preferably tried one's best to be staggered up and down with the shell side passage reserved in heat exchange unit, thus not only increases flue gas Baffling commutation is particularly also prevented from falling on 10 the inside of flue under acid water.

When the energy saving micro- arranging device of boiler smoke vapour is mounted on horizontal flue, using horizontal boiler cigarette vapour, energy saving micro- row fills It puts, the connecting pipe formed between the hollow orifice plate of two adjacent groups or heat exchanger tube between the tube side that exchanges heat described in two adjacent groups includes upper company It threads a pipe 13 and lower communicating tube road 17, i.e., is equipped with and is located above heat exchange unit and described in connection two between adjacent heat exchange unit Upper connecting pipe 13 at the top of heat exchange unit with below heat exchange unit and connect the two heat exchange unit bottoms Lower communicating tube road 17, the upper connecting pipe 13 cannot be only used for the liquid phase flowing of heat-absorbing medium, it is often more important that vapour (gas) phase Flowing, to eliminate vapour locking, the lower communicating tube road 17 can be used for the liquid phase of heat-absorbing medium to flow, and this Segmented heating mode has Beneficial to the vapour locking water resistance phenomenon eliminated in exchanging heat.

The boiler smoke vapour waste heat is in exothermic process, the water vapour that contains in flue gas, by each heat exchange unit The heat exchange tube side multistage heat exchange of composition, can be cooled into liquid water, to prevent from being mixed with acid water slug, the corrosion failure cigarette of flue dust Acid water in flue or chimney, it is necessary to be discharged to outside device by road or chimney as early as possible, since boiler flue or chimney are by air-introduced machine Suction and the ascending air gravitation of chimney stack influence, generally negative pressure in heat-exchange apparatus and in flue, chimney, less than big It is often that can't get out that acid condensate water, which depends merely on gravity, in atmospheric pressure, flue or chimney, therefore each hollow orifice plate or heat exchanger tube 4 Front end face and/or rear end face are obliquely installed and equipped with the overfall 19 for being higher by end face, the overfall 19 is around the flue gas Passage 3 is set, and to collect and guide condensed water, is avoided impact and rolling action of the flue gas stream to cooling water, is enable condensed water Along the diversion trench that overfall surrounds under self gravitation effect to flow down, collected by corresponding water collecting funnel and pass through discharge Pipe drainage when negative pressure is larger in flue, can be equipped with pump, the negative pressure in flue to be overcome to make on condensed water elimination pipeline With.

Each overfall 19 of same endface position can be interconnected or be separated from each other, according to specific heat-exchanging piece Construction, the overfall forms diversion trench, the water conservancy diversion as side wall together with the end face of the hollow orifice plate or heat exchanger tube 4 For the lowest part of slot for water outlet side and equipped with water collecting funnel 8, each water collecting funnel 8 connects condensate water discharging branch pipe, each described cold Condensate branch drain connection condensed water elimination pipeline 7, acid condensate water is concentrated by the end face of the hollow orifice plate or heat exchanger tube 4 It flows to water collecting funnel 8 and passes through condensed water elimination pipeline 7, by the timely discharger of acid water and carry out necessary acid water process, Realize that water vapor condensation and condensed water are drawn.

The energy saving micro- arranging device segmented of boiler smoke vapour oblique or " V " shape structural region (adjacent heat exchange unit it Between inclination uniform thickness spacing or V-arrangement spacing) 16 opposite high point adds rotating sprinkler, periodically to the dust haze knot in " V " shape space Dirt carries out rotation auto-flushing, realizes the dust deposit in cigarette vapour and discharge, since present apparatus acid-resisting is corroded, as needed Can unified Fouling Cleaning periodically be carried out to each hollow orifice plate and every effective specific dilution heat of sulfuric acid of heat exchange, it is ensured that equipment safety Reliability service.

Referring to Fig. 4, the energy saving micro- arranging device of boiler smoke vapour is filled with condensate water recovery device and condensation water process is arranged with It puts (water treatment facilities).The condensate water recovery device includes multi-stage multi-pipe jet pump 35 and condensing hot air furnace tank 36, with condensation The recirculated water of water recovery tank sets motor-driven water pump (to should generally be as power jet on recirculated water jet stream pipeline 37 High-pressure pump) 38, the acid condensate water of the energy saving micro- arranging device of boiler smoke vapour is under the action of the multi-stage multi-pipe jet pump 35 It is sucked out and enters the condensing hot air furnace tank 36 with jet stream, water pump 38 can be arranged on to the outlet pipe of condensing hot air furnace tank, The outlet conduit of water pump 38 is divided into two-way, enters conduct in the multi-stage multi-pipe jet pump 35 through recirculated water jet stream pipeline 37 all the way Jet media suctions out the acid condensate water in the energy saving micro- arranging device of boiler smoke vapour under negative pressure, and another way is returned as condensed water The drainpipe of closed cans.

Referring to Fig. 5, the multi-stage multi-pipe jet pump can include the first Taper Pipe section 358, second that front end is equipped with nozzle Taper Pipe section 359 and third hand tap pipeline section 355, the axis of the first Taper Pipe section, the second Taper Pipe section and third hand tap pipeline section is positioned at same On straight line, and it is that backward, the first Taper Pipe section is located at behind the second Taper Pipe section for larger one end forward for smaller one end, Its front end extends in the second Taper Pipe section and annular gap, the second Taper Pipe section is left between the second Taper Pipe section Behind the third hand tap pipeline section, front end extends in the third hand tap pipeline section and is stayed between the third hand tap pipeline section There is annular gap, the endoporus of the first Taper Pipe section forms level-one jet media passage, the second Taper Pipe section and the first Taper Pipe Annular gap between section, which is formed, is sucked medium channel, the annular gap structure between the third hand tap pipeline section and the second Taper Pipe section Into secondary jets medium channel, the front end of the third hand tap pipeline section is connected with flaring pipeline section 356, the front port of the flaring pipeline section The outlet of jet pump is formed, equipped with corresponding connecting flange, the rear portion of the pump housing is equipped with jet stream import pipeline section 351, the side of the pump housing Equipped with suction inlet pipeline section 353, the inlet side of the level-one jet media passage and secondary jets medium channel is all connected with described Jet stream import pipeline section, the rear port of the jet stream import pipeline section form the jet stream import of jet pump, which is both level-one The import of jet media passage and the import of secondary jets medium channel, equipped with corresponding connecting flange, described be sucked connects The inlet side of medium channel connects the suction inlet pipeline section, and the external port composition of the suction inlet pipeline section, which is sucked, connects medium Import, equipped with corresponding connecting flange.

The rear end of the first Taper Pipe section can be connected with level-one jet media conveying pipeline section 352, with the level-one jet stream Medium delivery pipe section road is connected, and the jet stream inlet tube section is located at behind level-one jet media conveying pipeline section, with institute It states level-one jet stream input pipeline section to be connected as a single entity, is achieved in the inlet side of the level-one jet media passage and the jet stream import The connection of pipeline section.

The rear end of the second Taper Pipe section, which can be connected with, is sucked medium delivery pipe section 354, and medium is sucked with described Conveying pipeline section is connected, the outside for being sucked medium delivery pipe section and being sleeved on the level-one jet media conveying pipeline section, with Annular gap is left between the level-one jet media conveying pipeline section, its rear end is equipped with to convey with the level-one jet media The sealed connection end plate of segment seal, the inner end of the suction inlet pipeline section be connected to it is described be sucked in medium delivery pipe section, It is achieved in the connection for being sucked the inlet side Yu the suction inlet pipeline section that connect medium channel.

Jet stream connecting tube 7, the 3rd Taper Pipe can be equipped between the third hand tap pipeline section and the jet stream import pipeline section The rear end of section is equipped with for the second Taper Pipe section and described being sucked integral structure sealing that medium delivery pipe section is linked to be Pipeline section is tightly connected, the jet stream connecting tube is located at the outside for being sucked medium delivery pipe section, the jet stream connecting tube The port of export is connected on the sealed connection pipeline section, is achieved in the inlet side of the secondary jets medium channel and the jet stream The jet media of import pipeline section is introduced secondary jets medium entrance, forms secondary jets by the connection of import pipeline section.

In general, same jet apparatus is seen on the whole should not select a variety of pressure mediums, high-pressure medium selects a kind of pressure Power is easier, so a fluidic communication pipe is added between level-one jet body and secondary jets body, in assurance function premise Lower simplified overall structure can increase on the pipeline and close down or control valve, for meet it is a variety of in the case of multi-stage multi-pipe A variety of demands of jet pump outlet ends pressure change.

The sealed connection pipeline section can be to be sucked the isometrical pipe of medium delivery pipe section with described, be sucked with described The pipe of medium delivery pipe linking into an integrated entity of section, as a result, the sealed joint pipe can also be considered as it is described suction medium conveying Exceed the front extensions of the second Taper Pipe section on pipeline section.

Preferably, the nozzle of the second Taper Pipe section is located at behind the nozzle of the third hand tap pipeline section, and diameter is preferably small In the nozzle diameter of third hand tap pipeline section, preferably to organize each several part medium flow field, improve suction and mixed effect.

Preferably, the jet stream import pipeline section and level-one jet media conveying pipeline section are coaxial, have a diameter larger than described Level-one jet media conveys the diameter of pipeline section, and the input end of the jet stream connecting tube is connected to the side wall of the jet stream import pipeline section On, to optimize structure, reduce resistance.

The first Taper Pipe section, the second Taper Pipe section and third hand tap pipeline section can be in the regular conical that front end is equipped with nozzle, The main part and the main part for being sucked medium delivery pipe section of the level-one jet stream conveying pipeline section are in tubular.

Preferably, dentalation may be employed in the nozzle of the first Taper Pipe section and/or the nozzle of the second Taper Pipe section, such as Be preferably provided on the nozzle of the dentalation of slot dentation, zigzag etc., the first Taper Pipe section and/or the second Taper Pipe section part to The flare tooth that tilted introversion tooth and/or part are inclined outwardly, the introversion tooth preferably with other teeth (for example, flare tooth and/ Or not inside and outside inclined tooth) distribute alternately, the flare tooth is preferably with other teeth (for example, introversion tooth and/or not inside and outside inclined Tooth) it distributes alternately, the dentalation, which can also use, intersects oblique dentalation.

The intilted introversion in part can be equipped on the nozzle of the first Taper Pipe section and/or the nozzle of the second Taper Pipe section The flare tooth that tooth and/or part are inclined outwardly, the introversion tooth is preferably with other teeth (for example, flare tooth and/or not interior outer incline Tooth) distribute alternately, the flare tooth preferably distributes alternately with other teeth (for example, introversion tooth and/or not inside and outside inclined tooth).

Preferably, the dentalation, which can also use, intersects oblique dentalation.

By the design of above-mentioned nozzle tooth form, increase the inside and outside contact area of the jet stream cone of fluidic vectoring thrust and improve mixed Friction thrust is closed, for reducing the kinetic energy autophage amount of high-pressure jet, jet pump suction force and pumping efficiency can be improved, is expanded Contact area and Friction thrust between large stream medium and suction medium.

The nozzle of the third hand tap pipeline section can be equipped with water conservancy diversion Mixed Weir, and the water conservancy diversion Mixed Weir can be inward flange in convex The inside annular protrusion of recessed structure can inwardly protruded annular or edge with sawtooth or slot tooth be in radially wave The annular of shape or other scraggly constructions in similar edge, the quantity of tooth (or protrusion of other shapes) is excellent on weir Choosing is mutually filled a vacancy corresponding with position with the dentation on the second Taper Pipe section nozzle.

Due to the setting of water conservancy diversion Mixed Weir, the medium " provoking " is directly or indirectly mixed into and is sucked medium under effect of inertia In cone, the jet media of whole circumference body is mixed with being sucked medium " dog ", and cross-contact area and Friction thrust obtain To significantly being promoted, cross-mixing swabbing action is played to being sucked medium, makes its suction force big, suction effect is good, preceding The intersection water conservancy diversion Mixed Weir of aligned orderly is set afterwards, is mutually cooperateed with the nozzle tooth form of first, second Taper Pipe section, forms ladder again Formula pressure-raising effect can further meet the requirement of the medium conveying of higher efficiency.

This multi-stage multi-pipe jet pump in a manner that high-pressure jet and inside and outside cross-mixing are aspirated to heat exchange type into Segmentation condensed water is extracted out, and the inside and outside contact area staged for being sucked the condensed water of medium adds, this COMPLEX MIXED Formula jet stream significantly improves the pressure of ejector outlet medium.Simultaneously as jet stream pipe outlet, which is added, intersects oblique dentalation, It has expanded jet media and has been sucked the contact area of medium, improved jet pump work efficiency；Increase due to being sucked pipe outlet If intersecting oblique dentalation, increase the contact area for being sucked medium and jet media, improve jet stream efficiency again；Again because penetrating The oblique dentalation of intersection that stream pipe outlet is added adds dentalation with suction channel outlet and matches, awave circumference Curve, makes jet media and is sucked the bent contact area of medium to have obtained biting connecions increase, further improve jet stream efficiency or Reduce jet stream energy consumption.Step-type multi-step multitube jet stream makes up and is sucked medium or is sucked being blended in for medium and jet media Pipeline or the in vivo flow velocity loss of pump, the interior oblique mixing jet of external chiasma increase substantially the suction capactity of jet pump and are sucked The soakage of medium meets the medium conveying requirement of higher efficiency, and the present invention can form sufficiently high output pressure, special It is not when it is steam exhaust to suck medium, due to being converted to liquid after the mixing pressurization of same jet media, volume significantly reduces, and thus subtracts Lack the volume and flow velocity of blending agent, by the way of the application multi-stage multi-pipe high-efficiency jet, constantly fill into jet media, It advantageously reduces the become smaller flow velocity that brings of volume after condensing because of steam exhaust to decline, while step-type multi-step intersects and oblique fills into jet stream more So that the medium momentum in jet pump increases step by step, be conducive to improve the media flow state in jet pump, improve the profit of power With effect, suction capactity is thus not only increased, and also assures output pressure.In addition staged intersects oblique mixing jet Multistage that inter_curve area is layered and increased inside and outside medium will be inhaled into and fill into jet stream further such that medium in jet pump Momentum increases, and is conducive to improve the media flow state in jet pump again, then improves the utilizing status of power, thus not only rank Ladder type intersects oblique mixing jet and improves suction capactity, but also ensures and increase output pressure.The experiment repeatedly of applicant, Multistage multi using the present invention, can be in the case where the parameter requests such as output pressure and aspiration are identical The pressure head of jet pump is greatly lowered, reduces power consumption about more than 50%, the staged of Multistage multi is intersected Oblique mixing jet, be sucked medium inside and outside level come into full contact with nozzle dentalation expand contact Friction thrust stress Area makes full use of the pressure and flow velocity of jet media, advantageously reduces mixing turbulent flow and smooth power, improves suction force and suction Effect, environmental protection requirement large area is greatly reduced industrial waste steam waste heat discharge has abatement energy waste and environmental pollution It kills two birds with one stone effect.

The water pump 38 of the condensing hot air furnace tank 36 is by condensed water pressurized delivered, the robot control system(RCS) of condensing hot air furnace tank 36 According to the control valve 39 come on water automatic adjustment conveyance conduit, steady pressure and specific level in condensing hot air furnace tank 36 are kept Ensure jet function, condensed water is sent into condensed water water treatment facilities by pressure fixation of pump.

Preferably, the water treatment facilities include the regulating box 40 that catchments being sequentially connected in series, neutralize case 41, biochemical reaction case 42nd, flocculation reaction case 43, settling tank 47, water-quality detecting tank 48 and water outlet regulating box 49, the regulating box 49 that catchments is equipped with water Door 51 is controlled, the neutralization case 41 is equipped with milk of lime and launches pipeline 45, and the flocculation reaction case 43 is equipped with flocculant addition pipe road 46, the flocculant selects organic flocculant PAM and inorganic flocculating agent PAC, and the water outlet regulating box 49 is equipped with outlet conduit 44.

The water for the regulating box 40 that catchments described in entering is adjusted by the water rate control valve and neutralizes case 41 into described, It pipeline 45 is launched by milk of lime squeezes into milk of lime and neutralize after case 41 carries out acid-base neutralization processing, be sent into and be equipped with private environment and examine The biochemical reaction case 42 of instrument is surveyed, organic flocculant PAM is then selected to remove in water, and suspended particulate substance and inorganic flocculating agent PAC will Particulate matter carries out settlement, and flocculant enters flocculant reaction chamber 43 through flocculant addition pipe road 46, and sequentially enters precipitation Case 47, water-quality detecting tank 48 and water outlet regulating box 49, handle qualified neutral water and are sent outside through outlet conduit 44 and recycle.

Preferably, the automatic control system includes multiple autocontrol valves and pipeline, including at least well-balanced adjustment Valve 32, heat-absorbing medium outlet regulating valve 33, acid condensate water delivery control valve door 39, self-cleaning cycle control valve 50, Water process pipe control valve 14.

The control valve 32 of the heat-absorbing medium inlet pipeline 31 of the energy saving micro- arranging device of boiler smoke vapour, according to flue gas emission The design temperature of outlet 2 carrys out the open degree of control valve 32, it is ensured that flue gas is into the specific temperature and heat of desulfurizing tower；Heat user institute The water or the temperature or pressure of steam needed, is by adjusting the control valve 33 on heat-absorbing medium outlet conduit 34, to meet Produce the demand of heating system；The automatic cleaning function of dust haze fouling, is basis inside the energy saving micro- arranging device of boiler smoke vapour The clear instruction that detection hole on device observes or instrumentation sends the detection data of dust haze, automatically opens circulating flushing The control valve 50 on pipeline and the water rate control valve 51 on automatic closing water processing pipeline are washed, after regular fixed time cleaning is clean Automatically switch back into original system.

Flue gas (vapour) thermal energy of the energy saving micro- arranging device of boiler smoke vapour is segmented the progressive releasing heat of formula order, cigarette vapour (gas) is originally used for the water vapour, air and dust of high temperature three-phase flow, cools by heat exchange and becomes water vapour, the sky of four phase streams Gas, dust, condensed water, wherein condensed water are segmented the energy saving micro- arranging device of separation panel smoke vapour, and the water of four phase streams in device steams Vapour, air, dust, condensed water become a small amount of water vapour, air and a small amount of dust of low temperature three-phase flow in exit again, because For water vapour a certain proportion of dust can be taken out of flue together in condensation, it is low under the action of air-introduced machine and chimney air-breathing Warm three-phase flow carries out desulfurization process by flue into desulfurizing tower.

Since boiler smoke vapour water quality after cooling belongs to acid, corrosivity is extremely strong, therefore in the energy saving micro- row's dress of boiler smoke vapour Put inside, all structure materials contacted directly with cigarette vapour and acid condensate water are mostly selected, it is necessary to select acid resistance corrosion material Titanium alloy, titanium alloy lining, 316 or the anti-corrosion materials such as stainless steels, 445J2 special type acid-resistant stainless steels such as 304, including acid water Discharge tube 7,8,12 etc..

The present invention has studied the chemical combination evolution process after boiler flue gas desulfurization, and " haze origin " is that have suction by negatively charged The boiler smoke vapour of attached power developed haze chemical combination caused by a large amount of spray coolings trigger chemical reaction in wet desulphurization tower Journey is divided into three phases：

1. the soda acid chemical combination differentiation amount in chimney

First stage is occurred in the chimney after desulfurization, and acid-base neutralization increases into the combination reaction of salt and displacement reaction PM2.5 about more than 100%, the chimney condensed water being visually observed are in black state.According to another " the sections such as China's electricity DianKeYuan, Harbin Institute of Technology The experimental study that grinding the wet desulphurization that personnel did in 2015 influences 660MW coal-powder boilers PM2.5 discharges is shown, is discharged into air Superfine particulate matter, be 2 times of boiler export without cleaner, be cleaner outlet 458 times ", this discovery is unlocked Many power plant desulfurizations largely spray water dilution after instead be more than desulfurization before dust content strange phenomenon.

2. flue gas soda acid chemical combination evolves into " great Bai dragons "

Second stage is that the combination reaction occurred in chimney breast " great Bai dragons " or " double dragons " is reacted with displacement, a side Face is that chemical combination differentiation occurs for original Acid-base Gas, is on the other hand that Acid-base Gas forms two strands of swirling eddies and air in discharge In Acid-base Gas absorption chemical combination occurs and displacement is reacted, increase by about more than 500% PM2.5 particulate matters, this achievement in research looks for Go out the reason for cigarette vapour trails after desulfurization.

3. quiet steady weather soda acid chemical combination evolves into weight haze

A variety of sour gas such as sulfate radical, the chlorion of phase III quiet steady weather and desulfurization generate calcium ion or ammonium ion Acid-base Gas chemical combination occurs rapidly in the air etc. a variety of alkaline gas and displacement is reacted, increases about 500 times or more of PM2.5 particles Object provides data according to Tsinghua University, and weight haze weather VOC, which accounts for 33%, sulfate and accounts for 25%, nitrate and account for 16%, amine salt, accounts for 10% Particulate matters are waited, this achievement unlocks the mystery of the heavy haze from scratch, quickly to cause disaster.

According to existing ground emission behaviour, the growing amount of above-mentioned first and second stage particle object is far smaller than dirt in 2012 Haze discharge capacity, the chemical combination differentiation of phase III be the key that quiet steady weather into geometric growth pollution sources be weight haze outburst.

The specific test result of the present invention is as follows：

1) weight haze outburst three elements are proposed：One will have the exhaust emission source that low temperature wet flue gas has catalyst action, second is that Gentle breeze meteorological condition below force 3 wind, third, atmospheric inversion, that is, temperature aloft is higher than or close to surface temperature, by ground height Temperature disappears to atmosphere low-temperature convection current exaggerated conditions, loses the ability that dust haze is spread to high-altitude；

2) the Low Temperature Wet flue gas emission being only pasted together under the conditions of calm atmospheric inversion, is quickly invaded into air Dye such as vehicle exhaust high temperature discharge H into air₂O、CO₂Etc. clean gas, evolve into complicated acidic salt granules rapidly Object, weight haze are comed from nowhere ability；

3) it is to be difficult to voluntarily disappear after the outburst of weight haze, weight haze outburst is floated for a long time increases air specific weight in an atmosphere, Air specific weight in region is more big more can reduce or hinder external wind-force, also causes the national abatement of wind in recent years；

4) " ultra-clean discharge " and " nicotinic acids " does not have effect to administering haze, and the source of weight haze particle object is not directly to arrange The particulate matter put, discharged from coal-fired boiler were 1 originally:The 8 gentle ratio of water, the on-condensible gas of this explanation only 1/8 could be participated in Chemical reaction, and the steam that nicotinic acids structure lacks chemical combination differentiation, whole polishings in cooling tower, chemical combination evolve into haze Pollution sources increase, so " Environmental Power Plant " of nicotinic acids is on the contrary to controlling haze effect；

5) haze is mainly in March in October to the coming year, be because temperature after October declines and winter temperature is extremely low continuous, Atmospheric inversion phenomenon is easily formed, in addition winter heating Low Temperature Wet flue gas discharge capacity increases, in addition the wet flue gas under low temperature is more favourable Convergence chemical combination, which is condensed, in Acid-base Gas develops condition more fully reason.

The present invention can be by boiler of power plant " waste vapour becomes precious ", and specific effect is as follows：

It is 1. energy saving：

Low-carbon controls haze project and puts into operation, and has notable energy-saving benefit or increases power benefit；

2. the desulfurization comprehensive benefit of boiler smoke system optimization：

It is 1. water-saving：Water consumption is greatly reduced in wet desulphurization tower,

2. it economizes on electricity：It reduces air-introduced machine power consumption and reduces circulating pump power consumption,

3. section money：Low-carbon controls haze technology application, and wet desulphurization tower investment and environmentally friendly operating cost can be greatly reduced；

3. enterprise's low-carbon controls the haze value of environmental protection：

1. cut down boiler smoke dust haze discharge capacity 40~60%,

2. cut down boiler low-temperature wet flue gas discharge capacity 40~60%,

3. cutting down Low Temperature Wet flue gas emission air acidic salt granules object is triggered to reduce 30~50%.

Above-described embodiment only expresses certain specific embodiment of the present invention, and description is more specific and detailed, but not Can therefore understands that be the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention, every equivalent structure made using present specification or Other related technical areas directly or indirectly are used in, are included within the scope of the present invention.

It is disclosed by the invention it is each preferably with optional technological means, unless otherwise indicated and one preferably or can selecting technology hand Section is outer for the further restriction of another technological means, can form several different technical solutions in any combination.

Claims

A kind of 1. method for controlling flue gas correlation atmospheric acid particulate matter, it is characterised in that control or the water reduced in flue gas contain Amount directly or indirectly generates salt under the participation of acid gas in flue gas ingredient and water to control or reduce with alkali substance reaction, And then it reduces and comes from the Atmospheric particulates of salt and/or non-particulate atmosphere pollution.
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that flue gas is included to the fume afterheat including the steam latent heat of vaporization It is recycled, being set on flue can realize that flue gas and the heat exchange of low temperature heat-absorbing medium progress indirect heat exchange are set It is standby, fume afterheat is absorbed with low temperature heat-absorbing medium, the exhaust temperature of flue gas is reduced, the water vapour in flue gas is made to be condensed into liquid water And discharge, reduce the water content in flue gas.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the heat-exchange apparatus be arranged at smoke duster after, flue gas Before desulphurization plant, the flue gas desulfurization device uses wet desulphurization tower, and input gas temperature is wet by reducing less than 100 DEG C Formula desulfurizing tower inlet and outlet flue-gas temperature is poor, controls the desulfurization evaporated quantity of water in wet desulphurization tower, is reduced or avoided because of sulfur removal technology Increase the water capacity of flue gas, the wet desulphurization tower is using constant temperature desulfurization or the temperature difference of desulfurizing tower inlet and outlet flue gas is controlled to be not higher than ± 5 DEG C or not higher than ± 10 DEG C in the range of, condensed by the heat-exchange apparatus and realize flue gas water vapour removal rate preferably not Less than 80%, the input gas temperature of wet desulphurization tower is preferably 60-80 DEG C or so, and wet desulphurization tower exit gas temperature is preferred For 55-80 DEG C or so, the input gas temperature upper limit that heat-exchange apparatus adapts to is preferably not less than 140 degree.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the heat-exchange apparatus is exchanged heat using multistage, and multistage heat exchange generates Condensed water segmentation draw, including the housing for being suitable for accessing flue, the air inlet side ports of the housing are shell side medium entrance, are used In connection air inlet side flue, outlet side ports are shell side media outlet, for connecting outlet side flue, in the housing vertically Multiple spaced heat exchange units are distributed with, the tube side medium of closing is equipped in the heat exchanging piece of the heat exchange unit Passage, the housing hollow of the heat exchange unit front and rear sides are connected by the shell side medium channel of the heat exchange unit, institute It states heat-exchange apparatus and is additionally provided with multiple segmented drip pipes, at least provided with one between any two adjacent heat exchange units The condensate water discharging mouth of a connection segmented drip pipe, closest to the heat exchange unit of outlet side ports behind extremely It is set less there are one the condensate water discharging mouth for connecting the segmented drip pipe, the heat exchanging piece of the heat exchange unit uses Any one or more in hollow orifice plate, annular heat exchange tube and Plane Spiral-tube realizes bag during heat exchange is carried out Include water vapour condensation, dust settling, condensed water are drawn and flue gas emission four mutually shunts, in air inlet side flue containing steam and The flue gas of dust enters heat-exchange apparatus from the shell side medium entrance of heat-exchange apparatus, by during heat exchange unit and in heat exchanging piece Heat-absorbing medium indirect heat exchange, the stop formed by heat exchange unit in housing cavity and area change, in flow of flue gas During form inertial separation and Gravity Separation effect, the suspended particulate substance including flue dust and separate and settle with flue gas, Steam in flue gas is converted to the deposition region that condensed water condensed upon and/or flowed through suspended particulate substance due to heat release, and dust is mixed into Condensed water is discharged together from the condensation-water drain of heat-exchange apparatus, and the flue gas after condensation and separation is situated between from the shell side of heat-exchange apparatus Matter outlet discharge.
5. the method as described in claim 2,3 or 4, it is characterised in that the flue gas desulfurization device uses wet desulphurization tower, will The condensed water of heat-exchange apparatus discharge is completely or partially used as the supplement water of wet desulphurization tower after being handled, to the place of condensed water Reason includes removal solid particulate matter therein or including removing solid particulate matter therein and acidity, according to desulphurization plant to de- The requirement of sulphur coolant-temperature gage, when needing to supplement water heating, it would be desirable to suction of the supplement water of heating as the heat-exchange apparatus Thermal medium carries out carrying out heat exchange by the heat-exchange apparatus, and the wet desulphurization tower is accessed after heat-exchange apparatus heats up Use water installations.
6. the low-carbon of energy saving micro- row suitable for flue gas polution control a kind of controls haze method, it is characterised in that using claim 1-5 In any one method control flue gas correlation atmospheric acid particulate matter generation and evolution, eliminate or reduce flue gas emission after change Displacement reaction is closed, and then controls or reduces and polluted with the relevant air haze of flue gas.
7. the low-carbon of energy saving micro- row suitable for flue gas polution control a kind of controls haze system, it is characterised in that being set on flue can It realizes that flue gas carries out the heat-exchange apparatus of indirect heat exchange with low temperature heat-absorbing medium, smoke heat energy is absorbed with low temperature heat-absorbing medium, The exhaust temperature of flue gas is reduced, the water vapour in flue gas is made to be condensed into liquid water and is discharged, reduces the water content in flue gas, with control System or reduction acid gas in flue gas ingredient directly or indirectly generate salt in the presence of water with alkali substance reaction, and the heat is handed over The exiting flue gas of exchange device accesses desulphurization plant by flue and carries out desulfurization process, in the housing of the heat-exchange apparatus vertically Multiple spaced heat exchange units are distributed with, the tube side medium of closing is equipped in the heat exchanging piece of the heat exchange unit Passage, the housing hollow of the heat exchange unit front and rear sides are connected by the shell side medium channel of the heat exchange unit, institute It states heat-exchange apparatus and is additionally provided with multiple segmented drip pipes, at least provided with one between any two adjacent heat exchange units The condensate water discharging mouth of a connection segmented drip pipe, after the heat exchange unit of closest housing outlet side ports The condensate water discharging mouth of the one connection segmented drip pipe in face, being realized during heat exchange is carried out includes water Steam condensation, dust settling, condensed water are drawn mutually to be shunted with the four of flue gas emission, contains steam and dust in air inlet side flue Flue gas enter heat-exchange apparatus from the shell side medium entrance of heat-exchange apparatus, by during heat exchange unit with heat exchanging piece in suction Thermal medium indirect heat exchange, the stop formed by heat exchange unit in housing cavity and area change, in the mistake of flow of flue gas Inertial separation is formed in journey and Gravity Separation effect, the suspended particulate substance including flue dust are separated and settled with flue gas, flue gas In steam the deposition region that condensed water condensed upon and/or flowed through suspended particulate substance is converted to due to heat release, dust is mixed into condensation Water is discharged together from the condensation-water drain of heat-exchange apparatus, and the flue gas after condensation and separation goes out from the shell side medium of heat-exchange apparatus Mouth discharge.
8. system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the heat-exchange apparatus is arranged at before flue gas desulfurization device, Exhanst gas outlet is by the gas inlet of flue dockingundocking equipment, and the flue gas desulfurization device is using wet desulphurization tower, import cigarette Temperature degree is less than 100 DEG C, poor by reducing wet desulphurization tower inlet and outlet flue-gas temperature, and the desulfurization water in wet desulphurization tower is controlled to steam Hair amount is reduced or avoided because sulfur removal technology increases the water capacity of flue gas, and the wet desulphurization tower is de- using constant temperature desulfurization or control In the range of the temperature difference of sulphur tower inlet and outlet flue gas is not higher than ± 5 DEG C or not higher than ± 10 DEG C, set in flue gas by the heat exchange The water vapour ratio of standby condensation removal is preferably no less than 80%, and the input gas temperature of wet desulphurization tower is preferably a 60-80 DEG C of left side The right side, wet desulphurization tower exit gas temperature are preferably 55-80 DEG C or so, and the input gas temperature upper limit that heat-exchange apparatus adapts to is excellent Choosing is not less than 140 degree.
9. system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that for the heat-exchange apparatus using vertical or horizontal, vertical is described The housing of heat-exchange apparatus is vertically arranged, and the lower end port of housing is air inlet side ports, and upper end port is outlet side ports, adjacent The opposing end surface of heat exchange unit is the clinoplain being mutually parallel, and it is not 90 ° that the housing axis with the heat-exchange apparatus, which is in, Angle, be consequently formed and inclined between heat exchange unit wait thick clearances；The housing level of the horizontal heat-exchange apparatus is set It puts, the front-end port of housing is air inlet side ports, and back-end ports are outlet side ports, and the opposing end surface of adjacent heat exchange unit is The opposite clinoplain of inclined direction, the housing axis with the heat-exchange apparatus is in the angle for not being 90 °, and in both ends of the surface Spacing between end is big, and the spacing between lower end is small, is consequently formed V-shaped gap wide at the top and narrow at the bottom between heat exchange unit, the V-arrangement The bottom width in gap is preferably not zero, and the side end face windward of the heat exchanging piece and the edge of leeward side end face are equipped with axial prolong Thus the overfall stretched forms the diversion trench of axially open, for catchmenting for condensed water on the end face of the heat exchanging piece And water conservancy diversion, the overfall form the cell wall of corresponding diversion trench, the condensate water discharging mouth is arranged on the minimum of corresponding diversion trench Place, for accessing the condensed water in diversion trench, the outlet connection liquid power delivery unit of the segmented drip pipe Conveying import, the liquid power delivery unit preferably using Multistage multi, efficiently penetrate by the multi-stage multi-pipe The medium entrance that is sucked for being sucked medium channel on stream pump for connection forms its conveying import.
10. the system as described in claim 7,8 or 9, it is characterised in that the segmented condensed water elimination of the heat-exchange apparatus It pipe and rinses water discharge spout access and can carry out separation of solid and liquid or separation of solid and liquid can be carried out and the water process of acid-base neutralization is set Standby, the water outlet of the water treatment facilities accesses the use water installations of wet desulphurization tower, the condensation by recycling condensing water pipeline The tube side of the heat-exchange apparatus is concatenated on the manifold or one of branch pipes of water reuse pipeline, as the heat-exchange apparatus Heat-absorbing medium, after heat absorption heats up access wet desulphurization tower and use water installations.