Wifi localization methods with on-plane surface mimo antenna and its system
Technical field
The present invention relates to wifi field of locating technology more particularly to the wifi localization methods of on-plane surface mimo antenna and its
System.
Background technology
Wifi can be not only used for communicating, and can be also used for positioning.Wifi location technologies can be divided into based on RSSI intensity
Triangle localization method, the fingerprint positioning method based on RSSI intensity, the localization method based on MIMO arrival directions angle.These
Method requires that client connects multiple Wifi access points, extracts the information such as the signal strength of each access point, but these are fixed
The systematic comparison of position method is complicated, and efficiency is relatively low.Single access point Wifi localization methods that new development is got up, utilize channel status
Information (channel state information CSI) and frequency hopping (channel hopping) technology measurement flight time, by
Be distributed across discrete frequency range of 2.4Ghz and 5Ghz in the working channel of WIFI, they must by frequency hopping,
Each Wifi frequency points are traveled through in a short time is combined into a wide frequency band, the flight for could remove multipath error, accurately measuring
Time, each Wifi access point antennas member arrive the flight time of client antenna, constitute a range equation.It is more using MIMO
Multiple range equations that antenna obtains, then the optimization method of sharp Problem with Some Constrained Conditions, solving target position, so as to fulfill single access point
3-dimensional positioning.Single access point Wifi positioning can reduce the complexity of system, provide the reliability and precision of system.It can apply
In applications such as intelligent home, megastore, meeting room, Wifi regions fence, Internet of Things application and unmanned planes.
There are two types of common antenna alignment method, linear array and bilinearity arrangements for multiple antennas MIMO access points at present.Please
With reference to figure 1:If all of mimo antenna member 202 all in approximately the same plane 201, go out guest using flight time equation solution
There are two the positions at family end:One is the real position 204 of client, the other is the position 203 of client mirror image.During flight
Between measure equation there are fuzzy solution, therefore can not achieve unconfined three-dimensional localization.Actually all locate if all of antenna element
In one plane, even if the flight time of each antenna element to user accurately measure, 3-dimensional can not be effectively realized
Positioning.This is because also meet the distance side of flight time simultaneously in user's mirror image using the plane of this antenna element as minute surface
Journey, therefore the user location that flight time range equation resolves, there are two solution, only there are one be correct.So current
The Wifi access points of plane mimo antenna member can not realize unconfined positioning.
In the prior art, have and problem above is solved by way of increasing constraints, but when it limits Wifi flights
Between the useful space that positions, it is assumed that the position of client is more than mimo antenna plane, and system cannot be brought out comprising client
Space below present mimo antenna plane.This constraint limits the orientable spaces of client, reduce 50%
The coverage of Wifi positioning adds the complexity of positioning software.
Since the deployment of constraints and mimo antenna, the orientable spatial position of client are related, constraints increases
System deployment complexity, therefore, be badly in need of providing a kind of Wifi localization methods with on-plane surface mimo antenna and its system come
Overcome drawbacks described above.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides the wifi localization methods with on-plane surface mimo antenna, the present invention is without artificially increasing constraint item
Part has the characteristics that dispose convenient and accurate positioning.In addition, the method increase the coverage of wifi positioning, it is fixed to reduce
The complexity and operand of position.
The present invention also provides the wifi alignment systems with on-plane surface mimo antenna, the wifi alignment systems are without artificial
Increase constraints, have the characteristics that dispose convenient and accurate positioning.In addition, the wifi alignment systems improve wifi positioning
Coverage, reduce the complexity and operand of positioning.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Wifi localization methods with on-plane surface mimo antenna, include the following steps:
Each client obtains the wifi signals of access point antenna member;
Each antenna element is calculated to the flight time of the client by the carrier phase of every wifi channels;
Each antenna element is calculated to the position of each client by flight time and Chinese Remainder equation group
It puts;
The three-dimensional coordinate of each client is calculated by the three-dimensional coordinate of each antenna element.
Preferably, the number of the antenna element is no less than 4, and the antenna element is not at grade.
Preferably, the relation of the carrier phase of the flight time of each wifi channels and each wifi channels
For:
Wherein, ∠ hiThe carrier phase that i-th of frequency range measures, fiFor the frequency of i-th of frequency range.
Preferably, the Chinese Remainder equation group is:
···
From the above, it can be seen that the Wifi localization methods of the invention with on-plane surface mimo antenna, pass through frequency hopping
With obtain wifi channel state informations, measure each antenna element to the flight time of client, by the flight time and it is described and
The relation of the carrier phase of each wifi channels draws the Chinese Remainder equation group, passes through the Chinese Remainder equation group
And the three-dimensional coordinate of each antenna element, calculate the position of the client, the present invention in actual use, without artificial
Increase constraints, you can draw the accurate location of the client, effectively reduce the complexity and operand of positioning, separately
Outside, the present invention also has the characteristics that deployment is convenient, wifi Signal Coverage Percentages are wide.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides the wifi alignment systems with on-plane surface mimo antenna, including:It is provided with antenna element
Wifi incoming ends, the client being connected with the wifi incoming ends is provided with and the client on the wifi incoming ends
It connects, the first acquisition module for obtaining wifi channel state informations, is provided in the client and the wifi is accessed
Antenna element connection, the second acquisition module for obtaining wifi channel state informations are held, is additionally provided on the client:Based on
It calculates the antenna element and calculates the client to the wifi flight time of the client, with reference to Chinese Remainder equation group
The locating module of position.
Preferably, the number of the antenna element is no less than 4, and the antenna element is not at grade.
Preferably, the relation of the carrier phase of the flight time of each wifi channels and each wifi channels
For:
Wherein, ∠ hiThe carrier phase that i-th of frequency range measures, fiFor the frequency of i-th of frequency range.
Preferably,
The Chinese Remainder equation group is:
···
Preferably, each antenna element is not at grade.
From the above, it can be seen that the wifi alignment systems of the invention with on-plane surface mimo antenna, connect in the wifi
Enter and first acquisition module and second acquisition module, first acquisition module are set respectively in end and the client
With second acquisition module by frequency hopping and the method for obtaining wifi channel state informations, each antenna element is measured to visitor
The flight time at family end, then described in being drawn by the relation of flight time and the carrier phase of the described and each wifi channels
Chinese Remainder equation group by the Chinese Remainder equation group and the three-dimensional coordinate of each antenna element, calculates the visitor
The position at family end, the present invention in actual use, without artificially increasing constraints, you can draw the accurate position of the client
It puts, effectively reduces the complexity and operand of positioning, in addition, the present invention, which also has, disposes convenient, wifi Signal Coverage Percentages
The characteristics of wide.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is in background of invention, the schematic diagram of the wifi localization methods of mimo antenna.
Fig. 2 is the work flow diagram of the wifi localization methods of the invention with on-plane surface mimo antenna.
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the wifi alignment systems of the invention with on-plane surface mimo antenna.
Fig. 4 is the module frame chart of the wifi alignment systems of the invention with on-plane surface mimo antenna.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, embodiments of the present invention are specifically illustrated, attached drawing is only for reference and illustrates to use, and does not form pair
The limitation of scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
It please refers to Fig.1, the wifi localization methods of the invention with on-plane surface mimo antenna include the following steps:
S01, each client obtain the wifi signals of access point antenna member.Specifically, connect described in each client reception
The wifi signals of each antenna element of access point, wherein, the number of the antenna element is no less than 4.It should be noted that institute
Antenna element is stated to be arranged in Different Plane.
S02 calculates each antenna element to the flight time of the client by the carrier phase of every wifi channels.Tool
Body, the client obtains channel state information and utilizes WiFi frequency hoppings, measures each antenna element to the visitor
The flight time at family end, specifically, the carrier phase of the flight time of each wifi channels and each wifi channels
Relation be:Wherein, ∠ hiThe carrier phase that i-th of frequency range measures, fiFor the frequency of i-th of frequency range
Rate, the light velocity that the client is multiplied by using the flight time in vacuum obtain the antenna element to the distance of the client.It needs
It is noted that the present invention passes through frequency hopping, the status information of the quick all channels for collecting 2.4G and 5G, when system is completed
After one channel state information acquisition, a control data packet is sent by the wifi incoming ends, is informed one under the client
A passage to be switched, the client reply a confirmation bag after receiving the data packet and are switched to the passage being apprised of, institute
It states after wifi incoming ends receive confirmation bag and is also switched to corresponding passage, re-establish the wifi incoming ends and the client
Connection.If control data packet is not all received before the deadline or confirms data packet, then the wifi accesses
End and the client are all switched to acquiescence frequency range, re-establish data connection, when the state for being collected into most channels is believed
After breath, multichannel status information can reliably calculate the flight time of wifi signals.
S03 calculates each antenna element to the position of each client by flight time and Chinese Remainder equation group
It puts.Specifically, the client passes through the flight time of each wifi channels and the carrier wave phase of each wifi channels
The relation of position draws the Chinese Remainder equation group, and the Chinese Remainder equation group is:
···
The Chinese Remainder equation group resolved above is that can obtain the WiFi signal flight time of each antenna element,
The light velocity being multiplied by respectively in vacuum can solve each antenna element to the distance of the client.
S04 calculates the three-dimensional coordinate of each client by the three-dimensional coordinate of each antenna element.Specifically
Ground, the client calculate use by the three-dimensional coordinate of each antenna element, using least square method or karr agate wave filter
The three-dimensional space position at family, more specifically, the unknown coordinates of the client are set as (x, y, z), each institute of described access point
The coordinate of antenna element is stated by measuring in advance, is set to T1(x(1),y(1),z(1)), T2(x(2),y(2),z(2)) ..., Tn(x(n),y(n),z(n)) (n >=4), further according to the distance r of each antenna element to the client1,r2,···,rn(n >=4), then described
The essence of wifi positioning is just to solve for a following ternary Nonlinear System of Equations:
···
It is non-thread that the client using Newton iteration and least square method or using karr agate wave filter solves ternary
Property equation group, so as to obtain the space 3-dimensional position (x, y, z) of the client.Assuming that the initial value of solution (x, y, z) is (xk-1,
yk-1,zk-1), then each equation in equation group can be in the point (x abovek-1,yk-1,zk-1) at linearize.With in equation group
N-th of equation exemplified by, the Taylor expansion of the equation is:
Wherein
In this way, ternary Nonlinear System of Equations is just approx converted into the following system of linear equations expressed with matrix form:
G Δs x=b
Wherein,
Δ x will be solved from matrix equation G Δs x=b with least square method in the present invention come when acquiring Δ x
Afterwards, the solution of Nonlinear System of Equations can be from x in Newton iterationk-1It is updated to xk, i.e. xk=xk-1+ Δ x, if updated solution xk
Solving precision has not yet been reached, then xkIt can continue above-mentioned Newton iteration computing as the starting point of+1 iteration of kth.
It should be noted that may be over-determined systems after the linearisation of ternary Nonlinear System of Equations, least square method is wide
It is applied to solve this kind of over-determined systems generally, its solution Δ x can make the separate equation formula equal sign in equation group G Δs x=b left
The quadratic sum of the difference on right both sides is minimum.Here, we do least square method and once derive, by separate equation formula equal sign or so two
The quadratic sum of the difference on side be denoted as P (Δ x), then
P(Δx)≡||G·Δx-b||2=(G Δ x-b)T(G·Δx-b)
=Δ xTGTGΔx-ΔxTGTb-bTGΔx+bTb
=Δ xTGTGΔx-2ΔxTGTb+bTb
Make P in order to find a Δ x (value of Δ x) is minimum, and above formula obtains Δ x derivations
When above-mentioned derivative valueDuring equal to zero, (Δ x) reaches its minimum value to P.Being easy to solve makesDeng
Δ x values when zero are
Δ x=(GTG)-1GTb
And the Δ x in above formula is exactly the least square solution of equation group.
From the above, it can be seen that the Wifi localization methods with on-plane surface mimo antenna of the present invention, pass through
Frequency hopping and acquisition wifi channel state informations, measure each antenna element to the flight time of client, pass through the flight time
The Chinese Remainder equation group is drawn with the relation of the carrier phase of described and each wifi channels, it is surplus by the China
The three-dimensional coordinate of remaining equation group and each antenna element, calculates the position of the client, the present invention in actual use,
Without artificially increasing constraints, you can draw the accurate location of the client, effectively reduce the complexity and fortune of positioning
Calculation amount, in addition, the present invention also has the characteristics that deployment is convenient, wifi Signal Coverage Percentages are wide.
Embodiment 2:
It please refers to Fig.3 and Fig. 4, the wifi alignment systems of the invention with on-plane surface mimo antenna, including:Wifi incoming ends 1,
And the client 2 being connected with the wifi incoming ends, wherein, the antenna element of no less than 4 is provided on the wifi incoming ends 1
3, the antenna element 3 is respectively installed in different planes, be provided in the wifi incoming ends 1 be connected with the client 2,
For obtaining the first acquisition module 11 of wifi channel state informations, it is provided in each client 2 and is connect with the wifi
Enter the antenna element connection for holding 1, the second acquisition module 21 for obtaining wifi channel state informations, also set in the client 2
It is equipped with to calculate the antenna element 3 and be calculated to the wifi flight time of the client 2, with reference to Chinese Remainder equation group
The locating module 22 of the position of the client 2.Specifically, the flight time of each wifi channels and each wifi
The relation of the carrier phase of channel is:
Wherein, ∠ hiThe carrier phase that i-th of frequency range measures, fiFor the frequency of i-th of frequency range, the client 2 utilizes
The light velocity that flight time is multiplied by vacuum obtains the antenna element to the distance of the client 2.The Chinese Remainder equation group
For:
···
The Chinese Remainder equation group that the locating module 22 resolves above can obtain each antenna element 3
WiFi signal flight time, the light velocity being multiplied by respectively in vacuum can solve each antenna element 3 to the client 2
Distance, specifically, the present invention pass through frequency hopping, the status information of the quick all channels for collecting 2.4G and 5G, when system is complete
After being gathered into a channel state information, a control data packet is sent by the wifi incoming ends, is informed under the client
One passage to be switched, the client reply a confirmation bag after receiving the data packet and are switched to the passage being apprised of,
The wifi incoming ends are also switched to corresponding passage after receiving confirmation bag, re-establish the wifi incoming ends and the client
The connection at end.If control data packet is not all received before the deadline or confirms data packet, then the wifi connects
Enter end and the client is all switched to acquiescence frequency range, data connection is re-established, when the state for being collected into most channels
After information, multichannel status information can reliably calculate the flight time of wifi signals.The locating module 22 passes through
The three-dimensional coordinate of each antenna element 3 calculates the three of the client 2 using least square method or karr agate wave filter
Dimension space position, more specifically, the unknown coordinates of the client 2 are set as (x, y, z), each institute of the wifi access points 1
The coordinate of antenna element 3 is stated by measuring in advance, is set to T1(x(1),y(1),z(1)), T2(x(2),y(2),z(2)) ..., Tn(x(n),y(n),
z(n)) (n >=4), further according to the distance r of each antenna element 3 to the client 21,r2,···,rn(n >=4), then
The essence of the wifi positioning is just to solve for a following ternary Nonlinear System of Equations:
···
The locating module 22 of the client 3 is filtered using Newton iteration and least square method or using karr agate
Device solves ternary Nonlinear System of Equations, so as to obtaining the space 3-dimensional position (x, y, z) of the client 2.Assuming that solution (x, y,
Z) initial value is (xk-1,yk-1,zk-1), then each equation in equation group can be in the point (x abovek-1,yk-1,zk-1) at
Linearisation.By taking n-th of equation in equation group as an example, the Taylor expansion of the equation is:
Wherein
In this way, ternary Nonlinear System of Equations is just approx converted into the following system of linear equations expressed with matrix form:
G Δs x=b
Wherein,
Δ x will be solved from matrix equation G Δs x=b with least square method in the present invention come when acquiring Δ x
Afterwards, the solution of Nonlinear System of Equations can be from x in Newton iterationk-1It is updated to xk, i.e. xk=xk-1+ Δ x, if updated solution xk
Solving precision has not yet been reached, then xkIt can continue above-mentioned Newton iteration computing as the starting point of+1 iteration of kth.
It should be noted that may be over-determined systems after the linearisation of ternary Nonlinear System of Equations, least square method is wide
It is applied to solve this kind of over-determined systems generally, its solution Δ x can make the separate equation formula equal sign in equation group G Δs x=b left
The quadratic sum of the difference on right both sides is minimum.Here, we do least square method and once derive, by separate equation formula equal sign or so two
The quadratic sum of the difference on side be denoted as P (Δ x), then
P(Δx)≡||G·Δx-b||2=(G Δ x-b)T(G·Δx-b)
=Δ xTGTGΔx-ΔxTGTb-bTGΔx+bTb
=Δ xTGTGΔx-2ΔxTGTb+bTb
Make P in order to find a Δ x (value of Δ x) is minimum, and above formula obtains Δ x derivations
When above-mentioned derivative valueDuring equal to zero, (Δ x) reaches its minimum value to P.Being easy to solve makesDeng
Δ x values when zero are
Δ x=(GTG)-1GTb
And the Δ x in above formula is exactly the least square solution of equation group.
It should be noted that the locating module 22 can also be provided on the wifi access points 1.
From the above, it can be seen that the wifi alignment systems of the invention with on-plane surface mimo antenna, connect in the wifi
Enter and first acquisition module 11 and second acquisition module 21 are set respectively in end 1 and the client 2, described first obtains
Modulus block 11 and second acquisition module 22 are measured each by frequency hopping and the method for obtaining wifi channel state informations
Antenna element 3 arrives the flight time of client 2, then passes through the carrier phase of flight time and the described and each wifi channels
Relation draws the Chinese Remainder equation group, by the Chinese Remainder equation group and the three-dimensional coordinate of each antenna element 3,
Calculate the position of the client 2, the present invention in actual use, without artificially increasing constraints, you can draw described
The accurate location of client effectively reduces the complexity and operand of positioning, in addition, the present invention also have deployment it is convenient,
The characteristics of wifi Signal Coverage Percentages are wide.
Above disclosed is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is impossible to the rights protection model of the present invention is limited with this
It encloses, therefore the equivalent variations made according to scope of the present invention patent, it is still within the scope of the present invention.