CN108111213A - A kind of frequency spectrum sensing method for multiple antennas - Google Patents
A kind of frequency spectrum sensing method for multiple antennas Download PDFInfo
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- CN108111213A CN108111213A CN201711400460.3A CN201711400460A CN108111213A CN 108111213 A CN108111213 A CN 108111213A CN 201711400460 A CN201711400460 A CN 201711400460A CN 108111213 A CN108111213 A CN 108111213A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/382—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels for resource allocation, admission control or handover
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
- H04B17/391—Modelling the propagation channel
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0802—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
- H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
- H04B2201/692—Cognitive radio
Abstract
The invention belongs to cognitive radio technology fields, are related to a kind of frequency spectrum sensing method for multiple antennas.The present invention is equivalent into Ljung Box (LB) test check problems by multiple antennas frequency spectrum perception problem on the premise of cognitive user is equipped with more radical space associated antennas.Simultaneously it is well known that a complex multiplication needs 4 real multiplications and 2 real additions, the present invention is transformed into real number field from complex field by signal is received, can effectively reduce computation complexity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cognitive radio technology fields, are related to a kind of frequency spectrum sensing method for multiple antennas.
Background technology
Cognitive radio technology is by allowing cognitive user that can effectively improve frequency spectrum using frequency range (frequency spectrum cavity-pocket) is authorized
Utilization rate.Frequency spectrum perception is as the core in cognitive radio technology, in the case where not causing authorized user being disturbed,
Cognitive user is made reliably to detect frequency spectrum cavity-pocket, once finding frequency spectrum cavity-pocket, just uses the frequency range.In numerous detection methods,
The priori of primary user's signal is not required in energy detection method, and with relatively low computation complexity so that it is easy to actual and answers
With；But the detection performance of ED is easily influenced by noise variance is probabilistic.Using multi-antenna technology noise variance can be overcome not true
The qualitative influence brought, such as based on weighted variance method (weighted covariance-based detector, WCD), office
The methods of portion's mean of variance method (average local variance, ALV) and feature based value detect.In these methods
In, due to that need not calculate the characteristic value of covariance matrix, compared with feature based value detection method, WCD and ALV methods have
Relatively low computation complexity.WCD to ALV methods can obtain high detection performance when reception antenna is high related；But it is receiving
When antenna is low related, detection performance is poor.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to when cognitive user is equipped with the low correlation reception antenna of M roots, propose a kind of than WCD and ALV
A kind of better frequency spectrum sensing method of multiple antennas of method detection performance.It is as follows：
A. the multiple time-domain signal for receiving frequency range to be perceived by being furnished with the cognitive user of the low correlation reception antenna of M roots, H0Table
Show the frequency range free time；H1Represent that the frequency range is used in primary user.Frequency spectrum perception problem can use dualism hypothesis model to describe：
WhereinRepresent the reception signal phasor in moment n, yM(n) M root antennas are represented
The signal received,Primary user is represented to the channel gain vectors of cognitive user, obeying zero-mean variance isMultivariable multiple Gauss distribution,And φhThe channel power of distribution every antenna of expression and the correlation matrix of channel,Table
Show real number field；S (n) emits signal for primary user；W (n) is that zero-mean variance isMultiple Gauss Cyclic Symmetry noise vector
Amount,And IMDistribution represents the noise variance and unit matrix of every antenna.
B., cognitive user is received to N number of complex signal sample in total and is write as sequence form, extracts complex signal sequenceReality
Portion and imaginary part form a new real signal sequence
Wherein, r and i distribution tables are given instructions in reply signal sequenceReal and imaginary parts；
C. the sample average of real sequence is calculatedIt is l sample autocorrelation functions with hysteresis
Wherein T=2MN and z (t) is real sequenceT-th of element
D. the test statistics D of Ljung-Box test methods is calculatedL；According to given false-alarm probability Pf, determine decision gate
Limit λ
Wherein L is the hysteresis number to be calculated in total；
According to Ljung-Box test methods, statistic DLIn H0Situation lower aprons obey the center card side point of L degree of freedom
Cloth.So decision threshold λ can be according to given false-alarm probability Pf, the function chi2inv carried by software Matlab generates.
E. by statistic DLCompared with decision threshold λ：
If test statistics is more than decision threshold, the frequency range is used in primary user；
If test statistics is less than decision threshold, the frequency range is idle.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are, in the case of lower complexity, effectively raise detection performance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Ljung-Box test method flow schematic diagrams of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is detection probability VS signal-to-noise ratio schematic diagrames；
Fig. 3 is operation of receiver indicatrix (receiver operating characteristic, ROC) schematic diagram；
Specific embodiment
Summary is described in detail technical scheme, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, describes this hair
The effect of bright technical solution：
In example below, it is contemplated that influence of the noise variance uncertainty to considered detector.Actual noise side
DifferenceWhereinFor nominal noise variance, η joins to weigh noise variance level of uncertainty
Number is usually usedIt represents.In addition, noise variance uncertainty is described using the situation of " the worst ", i.e., in H0Situation
Under,In H1In the case of,Primary user signal s (n) modulates for QPSK, power Ps；Channel byIt generates, whereinObeying zero-mean variance isMultiple Gauss Cyclic Symmetry distribution,Represent correlation factor, γ=0 represents that reception antenna is uncorrelated, γ
=1, represent that reception antenna is perfectly correlated." a (b dB) " expression " a " detector exists in figureUnder detection performance.Curve
It is depicted by Monte Carlo number for 100000.
(1) figure .2 is WCD, and ALV, Ljung-Box (LB) detection performance compares：
Antenna number M=24, sample number N=50, false-alarm probability Pf=0.01, γ=0.4.
(2) figure .3 is WCD, and ALV, Ljung-Box (LB) ROC performances compare：
Antenna number M=24, sample number N=50, false-alarm probability SNR={ -9, -5 } dB, γ=0.4.
The detection performance that can be seen that the method for the present invention from figure .2 and figure .3 is better than WCD and ALV methods.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of frequency spectrum sensing method for multiple antennas, which is characterized in that comprise the following steps：
A. the multiple time-domain signal for receiving frequency range to be perceived by being furnished with the cognitive user of M root reception antennas is believed in the reception of moment n
Number vector
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WhereinPrimary user is represented to the channel gain vectors of cognitive user, obeying zero-mean variance isIt is more
Variable multiple Gauss is distributed,And φhThe channel power of distribution every antenna of expression and the correlation matrix of channel,Represent real number field；
S (n) emits signal for primary user；W (n) is that zero-mean variance isMultiple Gauss Cyclic Symmetry noise vector,And IMPoint
Cloth represents the noise variance and unit matrix of every antenna.
B. all multiple time-domain signals received are write as complex sequences formExtract the real and imaginary parts composition of complex signal sequence
One new real signal sequence
C. the sample average for the real signal sequence that calculation procedure b is obtainedIt is with hysteresisSample autocorrelation function
D. using the Ljung-Box test methods of inspection, test statistics D is obtainedL：
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Wherein T=2MN and L is the hysteresis number to be calculated in total；
E. by the test statistics of step d compared with decision threshold, the decision threshold is according to according to given false-alarm
Probability PfIt determines：
If test statistics is more than decision threshold, the frequency range is used in primary user；
If test statistics is less than decision threshold, primary user is not using the frequency range.
2. a kind of frequency spectrum sensing method for multiple antennas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step b,
The real and imaginary parts of complex signal sequence are formed into a new real signal sequence, are comprised the following steps：
B1. N number of multiple time-domain signal sample cognitive user received in totalWrite as the letter in reply that a size is MN dimensions
Number sequence form is as follows：
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</mover>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfenced open = "[" close = "]">
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<mtr>
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<mrow>
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<mi>y</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
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</mrow>
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</mtd>
<mtd>
<mn>...</mn>
</mtd>
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</mfenced>
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B2. complex signal sequence is extractedReal partAnd imaginary partOne size of composition is the real signal sequence of 2MN dimensions, as follows：
<mrow>
<mover>
<mi>z</mi>
<mo>&RightArrow;</mo>
</mover>
<mo>=</mo>
<mfenced open = "[" close = "]">
<mtable>
<mtr>
<mtd>
<msup>
<mover>
<mi>y</mi>
<mo>&RightArrow;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>r</mi>
</msup>
</mtd>
<mtd>
<msup>
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<mo>&RightArrow;</mo>
</mover>
<mi>i</mi>
</msup>
</mtd>
</mtr>
</mtable>
</mfenced>
</mrow>
Wherein, r and i distribution tables are given instructions in reply signal sequenceReal and imaginary parts.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN201711400460.3A CN108111213B (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2017-12-22 | Spectrum sensing method for multiple antennas |
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Cited By (4)
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| CN109412722A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-01 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of broader frequency spectrum cognitive method based on the sampling of time domain nesting |
| CN109600181A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-09 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of frequency spectrum sensing method for multiple antennas |
| CN110138478A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-16 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of multiple antennas frequency spectrum sensing method for non-circular signal |
| CN110208601B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2021-02-02 | 成都西科微波通讯有限公司 | Instantaneous frequency measurement method based on FPGA and digital receiver thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109600181A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-09 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of frequency spectrum sensing method for multiple antennas |
| CN109600181B (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2020-12-18 | 电子科技大学 | Spectrum sensing method for multiple antennas |
| CN109412722A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-03-01 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of broader frequency spectrum cognitive method based on the sampling of time domain nesting |
| CN110208601B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2021-02-02 | 成都西科微波通讯有限公司 | Instantaneous frequency measurement method based on FPGA and digital receiver thereof |
| CN110138478A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-16 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of multiple antennas frequency spectrum sensing method for non-circular signal |
| CN110138478B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2021-03-30 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-antenna spectrum sensing method for non-circular signals |
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