CN108110980B - Semi-series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor with passive magnetic flux adjusting barrier - Google Patents

Semi-series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor with passive magnetic flux adjusting barrier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108110980B
CN108110980B CN201810095952.4A CN201810095952A CN108110980B CN 108110980 B CN108110980 B CN 108110980B CN 201810095952 A CN201810095952 A CN 201810095952A CN 108110980 B CN108110980 B CN 108110980B
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China
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permanent magnet
low
coercivity
flux
coercivity permanent
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CN108110980A (en
Inventor
郑萍
张书宽
王明峤
乔光远
刘法亮
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Heilongjiang Industrial Technology Research Institute Asset Management Co ltd
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/02Details
    • H02K21/021Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
    • H02K21/028Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the magnetic circuit within the field or the armature, e.g. by using shunts, by adjusting the magnets position, by vectorial combination of field or armature sections
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H02K1/2766Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
    • H02K1/2773Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect consisting of tangentially magnetized radial magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/09Machines characterised by the presence of elements which are subject to variation, e.g. adjustable bearings, reconfigurable windings, variable pitch ventilators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a semi-series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor with a passive magnetic flux regulating barrier, belongs to the field of permanent magnet motors, and aims to solve the problem that the advantages of series-parallel hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motors cannot be taken into consideration. The invention comprises a stator iron core, an armature winding, a rotor iron core and a rotating shaft; the rotor iron core is fixed on the rotating shaft and is positioned inside the stator iron core, and the armature winding is arranged on the stator iron core; the permanent magnet rotor comprises a rotor core and is characterized by further comprising low-coercivity permanent magnet slots, low-coercivity permanent magnets, radial slots, high-coercivity permanent magnets and passive magnetic adjusting barriers, wherein the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots and the radial slots are alternately and uniformly arranged on the rotor core along the circumferential direction, the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots and the radial slots penetrate through the whole motor along the axial direction, the low-coercivity permanent magnets are installed in the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots, and the high-coercivity permanent magnets and the passive magnetic adjusting barriers are installed in the radial slots together.

Description

Semi-series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor with passive magnetic flux adjusting barrier
Technical Field
The invention relates to a semi-series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor rotor structure with a passive magnetic flux adjusting barrier, and belongs to the field of permanent magnet motors.
Background
The adjustable flux permanent magnet motor can adjust the magnetization level of the low-coercivity permanent magnet on line by applying instantaneous direct-axis demagnetizing pulse current to the armature winding, and reduce the air gap flux density of the motor, thereby expanding the speed regulation range of the motor and ensuring higher efficiency of the motor when the motor runs at wide speed. The adjustable flux motor adopting the single low-coercivity permanent magnet has lower power density, and a mixed permanent magnet type adjustable flux motor adopting the low-coercivity permanent magnet and the high-coercivity permanent magnet is produced. The arrangement modes of the two permanent magnets of the motor can be divided into a parallel connection type and a series connection type. The parallel connection type has the advantage of small magnetic pulse current, but the power density is low, and the low-coercivity permanent magnet is easy to generate uncontrollable demagnetization when a load runs; the series type has higher power density, but the required magnetic regulating current is extremely large, and the magnetic regulating range is very limited. At present, no hybrid permanent magnet type adjustable flux motor topological structure capable of improving the two defects at the same time exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the advantages of series and parallel hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motors cannot be considered at the same time, provides a semi-series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor with a passive magnetic flux regulating barrier, and has the advantages of the series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor: the power density and the overload operation capacity of the motor are increased, and the defect that the demagnetization pulse current of the series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor is large is overcome: the capacity of the driving controller needed by the motor is reduced, and the magnetic adjusting range is expanded.
The invention relates to a semi-series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor with a passive magnetic flux regulating barrier, which comprises a stator core 1, an armature winding 2, a rotor core 3 and a rotating shaft 10; the rotor core 3 is fixed on the rotating shaft 10 and is positioned inside the stator core 1, and the armature winding 2 is arranged on the stator core 1;
the permanent magnet motor rotor core structure is characterized by further comprising low-coercivity permanent magnet slots 4, low-coercivity permanent magnets 5, radial slots 6, high-coercivity permanent magnets 7 and passive magnetic flux barriers 8, wherein the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots 4 and the radial slots 6 are alternately and uniformly arranged on the rotor core 3 in the circumferential direction, the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots 4 and the radial slots 6 penetrate through the whole motor in the axial direction, the low-coercivity permanent magnets 5 are installed in the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots 4, and the high-coercivity permanent magnets 7 and the passive magnetic flux barriers 8 are installed in the radial slots 6 together.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the semi-serial hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor with the passive magnetic flux regulating barrier normally operates, the magnetic flux of the high-coercivity permanent magnet enters an air gap through the low-coercivity permanent magnet, the two permanent magnets belong to a serial type from a magnetic circuit structure, and the high-coercivity permanent magnet exerts magnetism-increasing potential on the low-coercivity permanent magnet, so that the working point of the low-coercivity permanent magnet is improved, the power density and overload operation capacity of the motor are increased, and the motor has the advantages of the serial hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor; when a direct-axis demagnetizing pulse current is applied to an armature winding to reduce the magnetization level of a low-coercivity permanent magnet, the magnetic flux of a high-coercivity permanent magnet is in short circuit through a passive magnetic flux regulating barrier, so that the applied demagnetizing potential does not need to offset the magnetizing potential of the high-coercivity permanent magnet, the amplitude of the needed demagnetizing pulse current is greatly reduced, the defect of large demagnetizing pulse current of a series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable magnetic flux motor is overcome, the capacity of a drive controller needed by the motor is reduced, and the magnetic regulating range is expanded; when the magnetization level of the low-coercivity permanent magnet is improved by applying the direct-axis magnetizing pulse current to the armature winding, the magnetic potential of the high-coercivity permanent magnet is the magnetizing potential, so that the amplitude of the needed magnetizing pulse current is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the capacity of a drive controller needed by the motor is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first embodiment of a semi-tandem hybrid permanent magnet modulated flux machine with a passive modulated flux barrier according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second embodiment of a semi-tandem hybrid permanent magnet modulated flux machine with a passive modulated flux barrier according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a third embodiment of a semi-tandem hybrid permanent magnet flux-modulated machine with a passive flux-modulating barrier according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a fourth embodiment of a semi-tandem hybrid permanent magnet flux-modulated machine with a passive flux-modulating barrier according to the present invention;
1-a stator core; 2 — an armature winding; 3-a rotor core; 4-low coercive force permanent magnet slot; 5-low coercive force permanent magnet; 6-radial grooves; 7-high coercivity permanent magnet; 8, passively adjusting magnetic barriers; 9-magnetic bridge; 10-a rotating shaft.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the embodiments and the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4, and the semi-series hybrid permanent magnet flux-adjustable motor with a passive flux-adjusting magnetic barrier according to the present embodiment includes a stator core 1, an armature winding 2, a rotor core 3, and a rotating shaft 10; the rotor core 3 is fixed on the rotating shaft 10 and is positioned inside the stator core 1, and the armature winding 2 is arranged on the stator core 1;
the permanent magnet motor rotor core structure is characterized by further comprising low-coercivity permanent magnet slots 4, low-coercivity permanent magnets 5, radial slots 6, high-coercivity permanent magnets 7 and passive magnetic flux barriers 8, wherein the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots 4 and the radial slots 6 are alternately and uniformly arranged on the rotor core 3 in the circumferential direction, the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots 4 and the radial slots 6 penetrate through the whole motor in the axial direction, the low-coercivity permanent magnets 5 are installed in the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots 4, and the high-coercivity permanent magnets 7 and the passive magnetic flux barriers 8 are installed in the radial slots 6 together.
When the motor normally operates, the magnetic flux of the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 enters an air gap through the low-coercivity permanent magnet 5, the two permanent magnets (the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 and the low-coercivity permanent magnet 5) belong to a series type from a magnetic circuit structure, and the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 exerts magnetism-increasing potential on the low-coercivity permanent magnet 5, so that the working point of the low-coercivity permanent magnet 5 is improved, the power density and overload operation capacity of the motor are increased, and the motor has the advantages of a series type mixed permanent magnet adjustable magnetic flux motor; when a direct-axis demagnetizing pulse current is applied to the armature winding 2 to reduce the magnetization level of the low-coercivity permanent magnet 5, the magnetic flux of the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 is short-circuited through the passive magnetic flux regulating barrier 8, so that the applied demagnetizing potential does not need to offset the magnetizing potential of the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7, the amplitude of the needed demagnetizing pulse current is greatly reduced, the defect of large demagnetizing pulse current of a series-type hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor is overcome, the capacity of a drive controller needed by the motor is reduced, and the magnetic regulating range is expanded; when a direct-axis magnetizing pulse current is applied to the armature winding 2 to improve the magnetization level of the low-coercivity permanent magnet 5, the magnetic potential of the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 is also the magnetizing potential, so that the amplitude of the needed magnetizing pulse current is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the capacity of a drive controller needed by the motor is achieved.
The second embodiment is as follows: the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the low-coercivity permanent magnet slot 4 adopts a V-shaped slot or a straight-line-shaped slot, and when the V-shaped slot is adopted, one low-coercivity permanent magnet 5 is arranged in each of two straight slots of the V-shaped slot; when a linear groove is adopted, a low-coercivity permanent magnet 5 is arranged in the low-coercivity permanent magnet groove 4; the radial grooves 6 are linear grooves.
The third concrete implementation mode: the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the magnetizing direction of the low-coercivity permanent magnet 5 is perpendicular to the long sides of the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots 4, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent low-coercivity permanent magnets 5 are opposite; the magnetizing direction of the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 is tangential magnetizing perpendicular to the long side of the radial slot 6, the magnetizing directions of two adjacent high-coercivity permanent magnets 7 are opposite, and under the same magnetic pole, the low-coercivity permanent magnet 5 and the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 are both N poles or S poles.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the magnetizing direction of the low coercive force permanent magnet 5 is perpendicular to the long side of the low coercive force permanent magnet slot 4, and a certain included angle is formed with the radial direction, and the size of the included angle is related to the angle formed by two straight slots in the V-shaped slot.
Referring to fig. 4, the magnetization direction of the low coercive force permanent magnet 5 is perpendicular to the long sides of the low coercive force permanent magnet slot 4, and the magnetization direction of the midpoint of the low coercive force permanent magnet 5 coincides with the radial direction.
In fig. 1 to 4, the high coercive force permanent magnet 7 is magnetized in a tangential direction perpendicular to the long side of the radial groove 6.
The shape of the low coercive force permanent magnet slot 4 is not limited to this, and the shape of the low coercive force permanent magnet slot 4 can be flexibly designed into various shapes such as a V shape, a straight shape, a U shape and the like under the condition that the low coercive force permanent magnet 5 is ensured to be magnetized in a substantially radial direction.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from embodiments one to three in that the high coercive force permanent magnet 7 is provided at an end of the radial slot 6 near the outer circumference of the rotor, and/or at an end near the inner circumference of the rotor, or at a middle position of the radial slot 6.
The high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 is arranged at one end of the radial slot 6 close to the outer circle of the rotor as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, and at the moment, the other end (the end close to the inner circle of the rotor) of the radial slot 6 is provided with a passive magnetic flux regulating magnetic barrier 8.
The high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 is arranged at one end, close to the inner circle of the rotor, of the radial slot 6, and a passive magnetic regulation magnetic barrier 8 is arranged at the other end (one end, close to the outer circle of the rotor) of the corresponding radial slot 6.
The high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 is arranged at one end, close to the outer circle of the rotor, of the radial slot 6 and at one end, close to the inner circle of the rotor, of the radial slot 6, and a passive magnetic flux regulating magnetic barrier 8 is arranged in the middle of the radial slot 6.
The high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 is arranged in the middle of the radial slot 6, and the corresponding radial slot 6 is provided with a passive magnetic flux regulating barrier 8 at one end close to the outer circle of the rotor and at one end close to the inner circle of the rotor, as shown in fig. 3.
The radial width ratio of the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 to the passive magnetic regulation barrier 8 influences the power density, the overload capacity and the required magnetic regulation pulse current amplitude of the motor, and can be flexibly designed according to the requirements on the indexes.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the passive flux regulating barriers 8 in the same radial slots 6 are the same or different in thickness from the high coercive force permanent magnets 7.
The thicknesses of the passive magnetic flux regulating barrier 8 and the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7 in the same radial slot 6 are divided into three cases: the thicknesses of the two are the same, the thickness of the passive magnetic regulation barrier 8 is larger than that of the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7, and the thickness of the passive magnetic regulation barrier 8 is smaller than that of the high-coercivity permanent magnet 7. The thickness of the permanent magnet influences the power density, the overload capacity and the amplitude of the required magnetic modulation pulse current of the motor, and the motor can be flexibly designed according to the requirements on the indexes.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the low coercive force permanent magnet 5 is made of a permanent magnet material having a coercive force of less than 250 kA/m. Such as alnico permanent magnets or ferrite permanent magnets.
The seventh embodiment: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a high coercive force permanent magnet 7 is a high magnetic energy product permanent magnet having a coercive force of more than 800 kA/m. Such as neodymium iron boron permanent magnets.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the low coercive force permanent magnet 5 and the high coercive force permanent magnet 7 are both monolithic permanent magnets or are constituted by a plurality of permanent magnets in the axial direction.
The low coercive force permanent magnet 5 and the high coercive force permanent magnet 7 adopt a second mode: when the permanent magnet is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets along the axial direction, the arrangement mode is used for reducing eddy current loss of the permanent magnets. The magnetizing modes of the plurality of permanent magnets arranged in the axial direction are the same.
The specific implementation method nine: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the passive magnetic flux regulating barrier 8 is filled with a non-magnetic or non-conductive material such as epoxy resin or carbon fiber.
This arrangement of the present embodiment serves to enhance the mechanical strength of the rotor of the motor.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: the difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the low-coercivity permanent magnet slot is further provided with magnetic bridges 9, and the magnetic bridges 9 are arranged at two ends of the low-coercivity permanent magnet slot 5.
The magnetic bridges 9 with proper sizes are arranged on two sides of the low-coercivity permanent magnet slot 5, and the length and the width of each magnetic bridge need to be considered simultaneously to limit the magnetic leakage of the low-coercivity permanent magnet and guarantee the mechanical strength of the rotor.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above descriptions are only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The semi-series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor with the passive magnetic flux regulating barrier comprises a stator core (1), an armature winding (2), a rotor core (3) and a rotating shaft (10); the rotor core (3) is fixed on the rotating shaft (10) and is positioned inside the stator core (1), and the armature winding (2) is arranged on the stator core (1);
the permanent magnet motor is characterized by further comprising low-coercivity permanent magnet slots (4), low-coercivity permanent magnets (5), radial slots (6), high-coercivity permanent magnets (7) and passive magnetic flux barriers (8), wherein the rotor core (3) is alternately and uniformly provided with the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots (4) and the radial slots (6) along the circumferential direction, the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots (4) and the radial slots (6) axially penetrate through the whole motor, the low-coercivity permanent magnets (5) are installed in the low-coercivity permanent magnet slots (4), and the high-coercivity permanent magnets (7) and the passive magnetic flux barriers (8) are installed in the radial slots (6) together;
when the motor normally runs, the low-coercivity permanent magnet (5) and the high-coercivity permanent magnet (7) are connected in series, and the high-coercivity permanent magnet (7) exerts a magnetizing magnetic potential on the low-coercivity permanent magnet (5) to improve the working point of the low-coercivity permanent magnet (5); when a direct-axis demagnetization pulse current is applied to the armature winding to reduce the magnetization level of the low-coercivity permanent magnet (5), the magnetic flux of the high-coercivity permanent magnet (7) is short-circuited through the passive magnetic flux regulating barrier (8).
2. The semi-series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor with the passive magnetic flux adjusting barrier according to claim 1, wherein the magnetizing direction of the low-coercivity permanent magnet (5) is perpendicular to the long side of the low-coercivity permanent magnet slot (4), and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent low-coercivity permanent magnets (5) are opposite; the magnetizing direction of the high-coercivity permanent magnet (7) is perpendicular to the tangential magnetizing direction of the long side of the radial slot (6), the magnetizing directions of two adjacent high-coercivity permanent magnets (7) are opposite, and under the same magnetic pole, the low-coercivity permanent magnet (5) and the high-coercivity permanent magnet (7) are both N poles or S poles.
3. The semi-tandem hybrid permanent magnet flux-adjustable motor with a passive flux-adjusting barrier according to claim 1, wherein the low-coercivity permanent magnet slot (4) is a V-shaped slot or a straight-line-shaped slot, and when a V-shaped slot is adopted, one low-coercivity permanent magnet (5) is arranged in each of two straight slots of the V-shaped slot; when the linear groove is adopted, a low-coercivity permanent magnet (5) is arranged in the low-coercivity permanent magnet groove (4); the radial groove (6) is a straight groove.
4. Semi-tandem hybrid permanent magnet flux-modulated machine with passively modulated flux barriers according to claim 3, characterised in that the high coercivity permanent magnet (7) is placed in the radial slot (6) near the end of the rotor outer circle and/or near the end of the rotor inner circle or in the middle of the radial slot (6).
5. Semi-tandem hybrid permanent magnet modulated flux machine with passive flux modulation barrier according to claim 4, characterized in that the passive flux modulation barrier (8) and the high coercivity permanent magnet (7) in the same radial slot (6) have the same or different thickness.
6. Semi-series hybrid permanent magnet flux-modulated machine with passively modulated magnetic barriers according to claim 1, characterized in that the low-coercivity permanent magnet (5) is made of permanent magnet material with coercivity less than 250 kA/m.
7. Semi-tandem hybrid permanent magnet modulated flux machine with passively modulated flux barrier according to claim 1, characterized in that the high coercivity permanent magnet (7) is a permanent magnet material with coercivity higher than 800 kA/m.
8. Semi-tandem hybrid permanent magnet flux-modulated machine with passively modulated flux barrier according to claim 1, characterized in that both the low-coercive force permanent magnet (5) and the high-coercive force permanent magnet (7) are monolithic permanent magnets or are composed of several permanent magnets in axial direction.
9. The semi-series hybrid permanent magnet modulated flux machine with a passive modulated flux barrier as claimed in claim 1, wherein the passive modulated flux barrier (8) is internally filled with epoxy resin or carbon fiber.
10. The semi-series hybrid permanent magnet flux-modulated motor with a passive flux-modulated barrier according to claim 1, further comprising a magnetic bridge (9), wherein the magnetic bridge (9) is arranged at two ends of the low-coercivity permanent magnet slot (5).
CN201810095952.4A 2018-01-31 2018-01-31 Semi-series hybrid permanent magnet adjustable flux motor with passive magnetic flux adjusting barrier Active CN108110980B (en)

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