CN108110791A - Reduce the photovoltaic output power smooth control method and system of energy storage system capacity - Google Patents
Reduce the photovoltaic output power smooth control method and system of energy storage system capacity Download PDFInfo
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- CN108110791A CN108110791A CN201711470449.4A CN201711470449A CN108110791A CN 108110791 A CN108110791 A CN 108110791A CN 201711470449 A CN201711470449 A CN 201711470449A CN 108110791 A CN108110791 A CN 108110791A
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- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000013082 photovoltaic technology Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H02J3/383—
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
- Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Abstract
The photovoltaic output power smooth control method and system of a kind of reduction energy storage system capacity of photovoltaic technology field, based on photovoltaic output power Predicting Technique, before photovoltaic output power enters the violent change of prediction, to energy-storage system charge and discharge contrary operation, positive operation again is reached after the initial value of prediction violent change and the average value of final value in photovoltaic output power;The climbing rate in the violent change stage of the prediction is more than limitation climbing rate;The contrary operation refer to photovoltaic output power increase need to charge to energy-storage system when carry out discharge operation in advance, photovoltaic output power reduce need to energy storage system discharges when carry out charging operations in advance;The positive operation is opposite with contrary operation.The present invention can occur increasing sharply in photovoltaic output power carries out positive operation again with carrying out contrary operation to energy-storage system in advance before rapid drawdown, photovoltaic output-power fluctuation is stabilized while reducing energy-storage system demand capacity to greatest extent, meets the requirement to photovoltaic generation networking stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technologies of photovoltaic art, are specifically a kind of photovoltaic output for reducing energy storage system capacity
Power slide control and system.
Background technology
Photovoltaic generation has the characteristics of intermittence, fluctuation, and solar irradiation intensity largely determines its output
The size of power.Therefore when large-scale photovoltaic system accesses power grid, power swing will be to the stable operation band of power grid
It greatly challenges, is mainly shown as:
A) the photovoltaic output-power fluctuation in the short time may increase interlocal area control error (ACE);
B) large-scale unstable photovoltaic output power will influence coordinated planning and the economic load dispatching of power grid;
C) transient stability of power grid is impacted, and electricity consumption side loses synchronism, mains frequency imbalance with Generation Side;
D) the frequent of a large amount of frequency modulation devices uses the operation and maintenance cost that will increase power grid;
Therefore, have begun to propose the stability of photovoltaic generation in the rule and standard of some countries and regions and want
It asks.For example the climbing rate (ramp-rate) of the regenerative resource of Peurto Rican all access power grids of grid company requirement is per minute
No more than the 10% of rated power, also there is similar regulation in Germany with Hawaii area.In photovoltaic output power long-time ripple
In the case of dynamic, photovoltaic plant would not allow for access power grid, cause the substantial amounts of wasting of resources and economic loss.
It is to use energy storage device to realize that photovoltaic generation climbing rate controls common method.It is carried out when climbing rate rises too fast
It charges, stores extra energy;It discharges when climbing rate is quickly fallen, so that active power slowly falls.Therefore to storage
The Capacity design of energy system there are certain requirements.
The photovoltaic output smoothing control model of energy-storage system is utilized for tradition as shown in Figure 1.When photovoltaic output power rises
Too fast is more than when limiting climbing rate Rs, and energy-storage system charges to absorb extra energy.When output power decline is too fast,
Energy-storage system is converted to discharge mode to provide additional energy supply.The front and rear difference power Δ P of smooth control is energy storage system
The power requirement of system, the energy that control period passes through energy-storage system:
Wherein, ta1For the initial time of photovoltaic output power variation, ta1' become for photovoltaic output power
The end time of change.
Yet with photovoltaic output power fluctuation very short time may be more than photovoltaic system rated power 80%,
The capacity outfit of energy-storage system must take into account the appearance of this kind of extreme case.I.e. photovoltaic output power from full hair rapid drawdown for 0 or
It increases sharply from 0 for full hair-like state.Therefore, the minimum power capacity of energy-storage system:
Pbat=Δ Pmax=Prated, wherein, PratedFor the rated power of photovoltaic system.
It should be strongly noted that for traditional energy storage system control method, the state-of-charge (SOC) of energy-storage system is another
One important control object, remaining energy is typically maintained in the 50% of its gross energy in energy-storage system, excessively high or too low
State-of-charge will all influence working performance and the service life of energy-storage system.When consider SOC control after, energy-storage system will no longer with photovoltaic
System is according to 1:1 Capacity design.Since normality energy is the 50% of total capacity in energy-storage system, and this 50% energy demand energy
Power dip and surge state are enough tackled, therefore energy-storage system is generally according to 2:1 Capacity design, i.e. energy storage system capacity:
Consider energy storage device high cost and maintenance cost at this stage, for capacity energy storage such as all photovoltaic plants outfits still
So it is difficult to realize.
Additionally while under conditions of no energy storage, can also be realized in spoke by active control photovoltaic system downrating
Climbing rate control when illumination rises rapidly, but the significant deficiency of this solution is, photovoltaic generation factory is difficult that anticipation is assorted
When irradiation can occur rapidly fall, therefore system operates in the state of owing always, causes significant wastage, and design capacity
It is limited, occur still can not effectively carry out climbing rate control more than the method when significantly falling of design capacity in illumination.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to deficiencies of the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of photovoltaic output for reducing energy storage system capacity
Power slide control and system, can photovoltaic output power occur increase sharply with before rapid drawdown in advance to energy-storage system progress it is inverse
Positive operation is carried out again to operation, stabilizes photovoltaic output-power fluctuation while reducing energy-storage system demand capacity to greatest extent,
Meet the requirement to photovoltaic generation networking stability.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of photovoltaic output power smooth control methods for reducing energy storage system capacity, are exported based on photovoltaic
Before photovoltaic output power enters the violent change stage of prediction, contrary operation is carried out to energy-storage system charge and discharge for power prediction technology,
Again energy-storage system charge and discharge are carried out with positive behaviour after reaching the initial value of prediction violent change and the average value of final value in photovoltaic output power
Make;
The climbing rate in the violent change stage of the prediction is more than limitation climbing rate;
The contrary operation refers to discharge in advance when the increase of photovoltaic output power needs to charge to energy-storage system
Operation carries out charging operations in advance when the reduction of photovoltaic output power is needed to energy storage system discharges;The positive operation is
Refer to and carry out charging operations when the increase of photovoltaic output power needs to charge to energy-storage system, reduce needs pair in photovoltaic output power
Discharge operation is carried out during energy storage system discharges.
The photovoltaic output power Predicting Technique is delivered using Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University's Chen Xiaoyang et al.
“Forecasting based power ramp-rate control for PV systems without energy
Storage (being controlled based on climbing rate of the photovoltaic output power prediction without energy-storage system) " texts, IEEE conference:
ECCE-Asia 2017。
The violent change stage includes photovoltaic output power and increases sharply and two kinds of situations of rapid drawdown.
Charging and discharging energy is equal in contrary operation and positive operation that the priority carries out, and light in charge and discharge process
It is identical to lie prostrate output climbing rate;Preferably, the photovoltaic output climbing rate is limitation climbing rate Rs。
The contrary operation Startup time tcWith limiting climbing rate RsRelation it is as follows:
Wherein, P)vRepresent the initial value of prediction violent change, that is, the photovoltaic when violent change stage predicted starts
Output power, taAt the time of beginning for the violent change stage of prediction, nTsFor the sampled point number in the violent change stage of prediction, P*Represent light
Volt output power reaches the initial value of prediction violent change and the average value of final value.
Since two processes of recharge-discharge are all resolved into the violent change of each photovoltaic output power, therefore use of the present invention
Photovoltaic output power smooth control method,
1) to the requirement of energy-storage system power capacity, consider the situation that power extremely lifts, conventional method can be reduced to
1/2, i.e.,
2) for the requirement of energy-storage system energy capacity, energy-storage system power halves during due to each charge and discharge, therefore required
Time also halves, therefore the energy capacity of energy-storage system will be reduced to the 1/4 of conventional method, i.e.,
Wherein, t1For the initial time of contrary operation, t2For the end time of positive operation;
Consider lifting of the photovoltaic output power in very short time under extreme case, i.e. nTs=0, energy-storage system is set
Ceiling capacity capacity is
The present invention relates to a kind of smooth control system of photovoltaic output power, including:
Photovoltaic output power prediction module for predicting that the situation of violent change occurs in photovoltaic output power, obtains the violent change stage
At the end of corresponding photovoltaic output power, that is, predict violent change final value;
Contrary operation module, for photovoltaic output power reach prediction violent change initial value and final value average value before to storage
It can system progress contrary operation;
Positive operation module, for photovoltaic output power reach prediction violent change initial value and final value average value after to storage
It can system progress positive operation
Photovoltaic output power real-time monitoring module for monitoring photovoltaic output power, reaches prediction in photovoltaic output power
Contrary operation and positive operation switching command are made when the initial value of violent change and the average value of final value.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, the present invention can be before there is surge and rapid drawdown in photovoltaic output power to energy-storage system priority
Carry out the contrary operation and positive operation of charge and discharge.Requirement to energy-storage system power capacity considers the feelings that power extremely lifts
Condition can be reduced to the 1/2 of conventional method, and the requirement for energy-storage system energy capacity can will be reduced to the 1/ of conventional method
4, photovoltaic output-power fluctuation is stabilized while energy-storage system demand capacity is reduced to greatest extent, meets photovoltaic generation stability
Requirement.It is equal additionally, due to the energy of energy-storage system charge and discharge in each violent change, therefore SOC will be controlled voluntarily, without additional
Control and reduce the complexity of system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 tradition energy-storage system control models;
Fig. 2 is the energy-storage system control model that the present invention combines photovoltaic output power Predicting Technique;
Fig. 3 is photovoltaic output power curve of certain 60MW photovoltaic plant in one day;
Fig. 4 is certain corresponding climbing rate of 60MW photovoltaic plant output powers;
Fig. 5 is photovoltaic output power curve of output of the embodiment 1 using the control method of the present invention after smooth;
Fig. 6 is photovoltaic output power climbing rate of the embodiment 1 using the control method of the present invention after smooth.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment as shown in Fig. 2,
1) situation about increasing sharply for photovoltaic output power,
If it is drawn by photovoltaic output power Predicting Technique in ta1Moment will be present with the surge of photovoltaic output power, and photovoltaic is defeated
Going out power will be by current Ppv1It increases sharply to Ppv2, then energy storage control system capture both intermediate value P*.In Ppv1~P*Section
It is interior, according to limitation climbing rateThe contrary operation Startup time t being calculatedc, i.e. discharge operation starting
Moment t1, according to limitation climbing rate RsIt first discharges energy-storage system to vacate enough spaces, until photovoltaic output power reaches
P*;In P*~Ppv2Section in, be switched to charge mode, electric discharge before also provides capacity sufficient, energy storage to charge at this time
System will be according to limitation climbing rate RsExtra energy is absorbed, until photovoltaic output power reaches the P of predictionpv2After terminate to energy storage
The charging of system;
2) situation of photovoltaic output power rapid drawdown is directed to,
If it is drawn by photovoltaic output power Predicting Technique in ta2Moment will be present with the rapid drawdown of photovoltaic output power, and photovoltaic is defeated
Going out power will be by current Ppv2It is plummeted to Ppv1, then energy storage control system capture both intermediate value P*.In Ppv2~P*Section
It is interior, according to limitation climbing rate RsThe t at the time of contrary operation being calculated startsc, i.e. charging operations initial time t1', according to
Limit climbing rate RsIt first charges to energy-storage system, absorbs the energy of a part until the landing of photovoltaic output power is P*;In P*~
Ppv1Section in, be switched to discharge mode, energy-storage system will be according to limitation climbing rate RsThe energy exported before is discharged, to light
Volt power generation carries out energy compensating, realizes the smooth control of photovoltaic output power.
Fig. 3 shows the output power curve of certain 60MW photovoltaic plant, and Fig. 4 is its corresponding climbing rate.It can be seen that the day is climbed
Ratio of slope frequently shakes, and repeatedly the climbing rate more than 10%/minute limits.
For the power station of the 60MW, byWithEnergy-storage system can be obtained
Power is respectively 30MW and 2500.2kWh with energy capacity requirement.
Photovoltaic output power curve of output of Fig. 5 reality using the control method of the present invention after smooth, shown in dotted line
The value of SOC can be automatically adjusted to initial value 50% always.
Fig. 6 shows the photovoltaic output power climbing rate after smooth using control method of the invention, it is seen that the present invention will
Climbing rate has been controlled within specified value.
It is emphasized that:It the above is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not the present invention made in any form
Limitation, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification that every technical spirit according to the invention makees above example,
In the range of still falling within technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of photovoltaic output power smooth control method for reducing energy storage system capacity, which is characterized in that exported based on photovoltaic
Before photovoltaic output power enters the violent change stage of prediction, contrary operation is carried out to energy-storage system charge and discharge for power prediction technology,
Again energy-storage system charge and discharge are carried out with positive behaviour after reaching the initial value of prediction violent change and the average value of final value in photovoltaic output power
Make;
The climbing rate in the violent change stage of the prediction is more than limitation climbing rate;
The contrary operation refer to photovoltaic output power increase need to charge to energy-storage system when carry out discharge operation in advance,
Charging operations are carried out in advance when the reduction of photovoltaic output power is needed to energy storage system discharges;The positive operation refers in light
Volt output power increase carries out charging operations when needing to charge to energy-storage system, is needed in the reduction of photovoltaic output power to energy storage system
Discharge operation is carried out during system electric discharge.
2. the photovoltaic output power smooth control method according to claim 1 for reducing energy storage system capacity, it is characterized in that,
The violent change stage includes photovoltaic output power and increases sharply and two kinds of situations of rapid drawdown.
3. the photovoltaic output power smooth control method according to claim 1 for reducing energy storage system capacity, it is characterized in that,
Charging and discharging energy is equal in contrary operation and positive operation that the priority carries out, and photovoltaic output is climbed in charge and discharge process
Ratio of slope is identical;Preferably, the photovoltaic output climbing rate is limitation climbing rate Rs。
4. the photovoltaic output power smooth control method according to claim 3 for reducing energy storage system capacity, it is characterized in that,
The contrary operation Startup time tcWith limiting climbing rate RsRelation it is as follows:
<mrow>
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</mrow>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
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<mi>t</mi>
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<mo>+</mo>
<mn>0.5</mn>
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Wherein, PpvRepresent the initial value of prediction violent change, that is, the photovoltaic output power when violent change stage predicted starts, taFor prediction
At the time of the violent change stage starts, nTsFor the sampled point number in the violent change stage of prediction, P*Represent that photovoltaic output power reaches prediction
The initial value of violent change and the average value of final value.
5. a kind of smooth control system of photovoltaic output power, which is characterized in that including:
Photovoltaic output power prediction module, for predicting that the situation of violent change occurs in photovoltaic output power, obtaining the violent change stage terminates
When corresponding photovoltaic output power, that is, predict violent change final value;
Contrary operation module, for photovoltaic output power reach prediction violent change initial value and final value average value before to energy storage system
System carries out contrary operation;
Positive operation module, for photovoltaic output power reach prediction violent change initial value and final value average value after to energy storage system
System carries out positive operation
Photovoltaic output power real-time monitoring module for monitoring photovoltaic output power, reaches prediction violent change in photovoltaic output power
Initial value and final value average value when make contrary operation and positive operation switching command.
6. the smooth control system of photovoltaic output power according to claim 5, it is characterized in that,
The power capacity of the energy-storage system isWherein, Δ PmaxIt is photovoltaic output power from full
Hair rapid drawdown be 0 or increase sharply from 0 be full hair-like state variable quantity, PratedFor the rated power of photovoltaic system;
The energy capacity of the energy-storage system isWherein, t1For the initial time of contrary operation, t2For just
To the end time of operation;
The end-point energy capacity of the energy-storage system is
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Application publication date: 20180601 |