CN108110241A - A kind of classification carbon modification NaTi2(PO4)3The Preparation method and use of negative material - Google Patents

A kind of classification carbon modification NaTi2(PO4)3The Preparation method and use of negative material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108110241A
CN108110241A CN201711366588.2A CN201711366588A CN108110241A CN 108110241 A CN108110241 A CN 108110241A CN 201711366588 A CN201711366588 A CN 201711366588A CN 108110241 A CN108110241 A CN 108110241A
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carbon
nati
sodium
source
classification
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Inventor
赵钰萌
席小兵
张怀文
杨才德
黄友元
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Tianjin BTR New Energy Science and Technology Co., Ltd.
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Bate Rui (tianjin) Nano Material Manufacturing Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362Composites
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/054Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/136Electrodes based on inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/5825Oxygenated metallic salts or polyanionic structures, e.g. borates, phosphates, silicates, olivines
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625Carbon or graphite
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/10Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of classification carbon modification NaTi2(PO4)3The Preparation method and use of negative material, the preparation method include following preparation process, 1) sodium source, titanium source, phosphorus source are mixed, and add in carbon source, solvent and dispersant carry out high speed dispersion, obtain material A;2) material A is subjected to ball milling, obtains slurry B;3) material B is obtained into material C by spray drying;4) material C is heated up under an inert atmosphere, and the organic gas of cleavable at high temperature as carbon is passed through using certain flowing velocity, the NaTi of classification carbon modification is obtained after constant temperature calcining2(PO4)3Microballoon.The present invention efficiently solves NaTi2(PO4)3The problem of material electric conductivity is low considerably improves the electric conductivity of material, reduces internal resistance;Simple for process easy to control, feasibility is strong, volume production easy to implement.

Description

A kind of classification carbon modification NaTi2(PO4)3The Preparation method and use of negative material
Technical field
The invention belongs to electrode material synthesis technical field, more particularly, to a kind of classification carbon modification NaTi2(PO4)3Cathode The Preparation method and use of material.
Background technology
Greenization and the development of the sustainability energy have greatly promoted the innovation in terms of the energy, and there is an urgent need to one by people Energy storage system of the kind with high-energy density is come the problem of alleviating using energy source aspect.Wherein, lithium ion battery is as one The emerging energy storage system of kind is widely used in each electronic product, and has the gesture of fast development.In addition national policy side The promotion of important breakthrough and industry in terms of the adjustment in face, scientific research has the lithium ion of higher energy density and long cycle characteristics Battery will be more applied to the fields such as electric vehicle, extensive energy storage device, but lithium resource is in nature Reserves are very limited, and lithium salts is expensive, limit application of the lithium ion battery in extensive energy storage.
In recent years, sodium-ion battery was since the advantages such as its abundant raw material, cheap were as global energy research field Hot spot, and have good application prospect, electrode material conduct in large-scale energy storage device such as intelligent grid and electric vehicle The key technology of sodium-ion battery development receives significant attention.Polyanionic compound titanium phosphate sodium NaTi2(PO4)3Material by In its stabilization three-D space structure and with good ion transmission channel and chemical stability, charging/discharging voltage platform compared with It is low, it is a kind of preferable negative material, but NaTi2(PO4)3The relatively low native electronic electrical conductivity of material causes the multiplying power of material Poor-performing, capacity attenuation are very fast, seriously affect its commercialization process.
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a kind of NaTi2(PO4)3The preparation method of material, to improve the deficiency of current material.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of classification carbon modification NaTi2(PO4)3The preparation method and use of negative material On the way, to improve electrical conductivity, good chemical property is ensured.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way:
A kind of classification carbon modification NaTi2(PO4)3The preparation method of negative material, including following preparation process,
1) sodium source, titanium source, phosphorus source are mixed, and adds in carbon source, solvent and dispersant and carry out high speed dispersion, obtained Material A;
2) material A is subjected to ball milling, obtains slurry B;
3) material B is obtained into material C by spray drying;
4) material C is heated up under an inert atmosphere, and using certain flowing velocity be passed through at high temperature cleavable as The organic gas of carbon obtains the NaTi of classification carbon modification after constant temperature calcining2(PO4)3Microballoon.
Preferably, in step 1), sodium source, titanium source, phosphorus source are according to molar ratio 0.95~1.05:1.9~2.1:2.85~ 3.15 it is mixed;The addition of carbon source is the 5%~20% of material gross mass.
Preferably, in step 1), the sodium source includes:Sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphate, biphosphate One or more in sodium, sodium chloride;
The titanium source includes:One or more in titanium tetrachloride, titanium dioxide, isopropyl titanate, butyl titanate;
Phosphorus source includes:Phosphoric acid, hypophosphorous acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid hydroxy ester In one or more;
The carbon source includes:Glucose, citric acid, maltose, cellulose, polyethylene glycol, electrically conductive graphite, carbon nanotubes, One or more in carbon black Super-p, graphite KS-6, graphene.
Preferably, in step 1), the solvent includes:One in water, ethyl alcohol, methanol, isopropanol, acetone, espeleton Kind is a variety of;
The dispersant includes:In AA4040, oleyl amine, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium pyrophosphate, dispersing agent MF One or more.
Preferably, in step 2), Ball-milling Time is 2~6h.
Preferably, in step 3), the spray drying intake air temperature is 220~340 DEG C, air outlet temperature for 70~ 120℃。
Preferably, in step 4), the inert gas includes:One kind or more in helium, nitrogen, argon gas, carbon dioxide Kind;
The cleavable includes for the organic gas of carbon:In acetylene, methane, ethylene, ethane, propane, propylene, cyclopropane One or more;
Preferably, material C is heated up under an inert atmosphere with the rate of heat addition of 1~10 DEG C/min in step 4), and The organic gas of cleavable at high temperature as carbon is passed through using the flowing velocity of 0.5~10L/min, in 650~800 DEG C of constant temperature calcinings 8~12h.
The present invention also provides classification carbon prepared by method as described above to modify NaTi2(PO4)3Negative material, for carbon The NaTi of embedded outer cladding structure2(PO4)3/ C complex microspheres, carbon content NaTi2(PO4)3/ C complex microsphere gross masses 10%~20%.
Present invention simultaneously provides a kind of cathode, the raw material components of the cathode include classification prepared by method as described above Carbon modifies NaTi2(PO4)3Negative material.
Present invention simultaneously provides a kind of sodium-ion battery, the lithium ion battery includes point prepared by method as described above Grade carbon modification NaTi2(PO4)3Negative material.
Compared with the prior art, a kind of classification carbon modification NaTi of the present invention2(PO4)3The preparation method of negative material And purposes, it has the advantage that:
Sodium source, titanium source, phosphorus source and inorganic carbon source are uniformly mixed, are spray-dried using ball milling dispersing technology by the present invention After obtain presoma, by a step intermediate sintering temperature method be successfully prepared high-carbon quantity classification modification NaTi2(PO4)3Microballoon.Ball milling The scattered micron order mixing realized between raw material, NaTi is uniformly embedded by being sintered carbon2(PO4)3In sphere, simultaneously The organic gas that cleavable is carbon is passed through in sintering process, forms cotton-shaped carbon coating in NaTi2(PO4)3It is prepared by spherome surface Go out to embed the NaTi of outer cladding structure with carbon2(PO4)3/ C complex microspheres, carbon content is 10%~20%, and passes through carbon Iris action can control microballoon primary particle size;High-carbon quantity classification modification shortens the transmission path of electrons/ions, effectively Solves NaTi2(PO4)3The problem of material electric conductivity is low considerably improves the electric conductivity of material, reduces internal resistance;Medium temperature is burnt Knot can avoid the side reaction that the carbon that high temperature occurs occurs with phosphate radical, and the soluble matter of reaction generation can seriously affect water system battery Performance plays, and reduces sintering cost.Present invention process is simple and easy to control, and feasibility is strong, volume production easy to implement.
Specific embodiment
In addition to being defined, technical term used has universal with those skilled in the art of the invention in following embodiment The identical meanings of understanding.Test reagent used, is routine biochemistry reagent unless otherwise specified in following embodiment;It is described Experimental method is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention will be described in detail.
Embodiment 1:
By sodium dihydrogen phosphate, titanium dioxide, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate according to molar ratio 1.04:2:3.15 are mixed, and according to The 15% of material gross mass adds in 1.2% dispersant A A4040 of glucose and solid content, after according to material total amount 40% Water is added to carry out high speed dispersion and obtains material A;Material A is subjected to ball milling, slurry is taken out after 3h, obtains material B, by material B with closing Formula spraying is dried, and intake air temperature sets 260 DEG C, and air outlet temperature sets 90 DEG C, obtains material C;By material C in N2's It is heated up under atmosphere with 2.5 DEG C/min, and acetylene gas is passed through with the flowing velocity of 1L/min, kept the temperature 8h at 800 DEG C, be classified The NaTi of carbon modification2(PO4)3Microballoon.
The final carbon amounts of sample is 10.81% after tested, and powder electrical conductivity is 173.8 × 10-3S/cm。
Embodiment 2:
By sodium carbonate, titanium dioxide, potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to molar ratio 1.03:1.95:3.07 are mixed, and according to object 6% and the 10% of material gross mass is separately added into Super-p and polyethylene glycol and 1.8% dispersant A A4040 of solid content, High speed dispersion is carried out according to material total amount 50% plus ethyl alcohol obtain material A afterwards;Material A is subjected to ball milling, slurry is taken out after 3h, obtains To material B, the spraying of material B encloseds is dried, intake air temperature sets 260 DEG C, and air outlet temperature sets 100 DEG C, obtains To material C;By material C in N2Atmosphere under heated up with 1.5 DEG C/min, and acetylene gas is passed through with the flowing velocity of 1L/min, And 10h is kept the temperature at 780 DEG C, obtain the NaTi of classification carbon modification2(PO4)3Microballoon.
The final carbon amounts of sample is 13.53% after tested, and powder electrical conductivity is 391.3 × 10-3S/cm。
Embodiment 3:
By sodium hydroxide, titanium tetrachloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate according to molar ratio 0.95:1.95:3 are mixed, and according to object Material gross mass 6% and 4% is separately added into Super-p and KS-6 and 2% dispersant oleyl amine of solid content, after according to object Material total amount 50% plus acetone carry out high speed dispersion and obtain material A;Material A is subjected to ball milling, slurry is taken out after 3.5h, obtains material The spraying of material B encloseds is dried B, and intake air temperature sets 270 DEG C, and air outlet temperature sets 100 DEG C, obtains material C;Material C under the atmosphere of Ar with 1.5 DEG C/min is heated up, and acetylene gas is passed through with the flowing velocity of 0.5L/min, and 780 DEG C of heat preservation 11h, obtain the NaTi of classification carbon modification2(PO4)3Microballoon.
The final carbon amounts of sample is 14.16% after tested, and powder electrical conductivity is 423.7 × 10-3S/cm。
Comparative example 1:
Sodium hydroxide, titanium dioxide, ammonium phosphate are shone into molar ratio 1:2:3 are mixed, and add in presoma and according to object Expect that the 10% of gross mass adds in sucrose, after according to 30% plus water of material total amount carry out ball milling, take out slurry after 5h, sprayed with enclosed Mist is dried, and intake air temperature sets 260 DEG C, and air outlet temperature sets 100 DEG C, material A is obtained, by material A in N2Gas The lower 450 DEG C of constant temperature calcining 4h of atmosphere obtain material B, then again by material B in N2The lower 780 DEG C of constant temperature calcining 10h of atmosphere, obtain most Final product, the final carbon amounts of sample is 5.17% after tested, and powder electrical conductivity is 7.17 × 10-3S/cm。
Performance test
The preparation of battery:
Respectively by titanium phosphate sodium material made from embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1 according to active material:Conductive agent:Binding agent =8:1:1 ratio uniform mixing, is coated on collector Thin Stainless Steel on piece, after drying, the cathode of battery is made;By LiMn2O4 Material is according to active material:Conductive agent 1:Conductive agent 2:Binding agent=75:10:5:10 ratio uniform mixing, is coated on afflux In body titanium net, after drying, the anode of battery is made.Using non-woven fabrics as membrane, the Na of 1mol/L2SO4Solution is as electrolyte, group Battery is dressed up, charge-discharge performance test is carried out to battery, charge and discharge are carried out with 2C current densities in the range of 0-1.8V.
1 sample chemical property of table
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention With within principle, any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements are made should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of classification carbon modification NaTi2(PO4)3The preparation method of negative material, which is characterized in that including following preparation process,
1) sodium source, titanium source, phosphorus source are mixed, and adds in carbon source, solvent and dispersant and carry out high speed dispersion, obtain material A;
2) material A is subjected to ball milling, obtains slurry B;
3) material B is obtained into material C by spray drying;
4) material C is heated up under an inert atmosphere, and using certain flowing velocity be passed through at high temperature cleavable as carbon Organic gas obtains the NaTi of classification carbon modification after constant temperature calcining2(PO4)3Microballoon.
2. classification carbon modification NaTi according to claim 12(PO4)3The preparation method of negative material, it is characterised in that:Step It is rapid 1) in, sodium source, titanium source, phosphorus source are according to molar ratio 0.95~1.05:1.9~2.1:2.85~3.15 are mixed;Carbon source Addition is the 5%~20% of material gross mass.
3. classification carbon modification NaTi according to claim 1 or 22(PO4)3The preparation method of negative material, feature exist In:In step 1), the sodium source includes:In sodium carbonate, sodium acid carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride One or more;
The titanium source includes:One or more in titanium tetrachloride, titanium dioxide, isopropyl titanate, butyl titanate;
Phosphorus source includes:In phosphoric acid, hypophosphorous acid, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, phosphoric acid hydroxy ester It is one or more;
The carbon source includes:Glucose, citric acid, maltose, cellulose, polyethylene glycol, electrically conductive graphite, carbon nanotubes, carbon black One or more in Super-p, graphite KS-6, graphene.
4. classification carbon modification NaTi according to claim 1 or 22(PO4)3The preparation method of negative material, feature exist In:In step 1), the solvent includes:One or more in water, ethyl alcohol, methanol, isopropanol, acetone, espeleton;
The dispersant includes:One in AA4040, oleyl amine, Sodium Polyacrylate, sodium pyrophosphate, dispersing agent MF Kind is a variety of.
5. classification carbon modification NaTi according to claim 1 or 22(PO4)3The preparation method of negative material, feature exist In:In step 2), Ball-milling Time is 2~6h.
6. the classification carbon modification NaTi described in claim 1 or 22(PO4)3The preparation method of negative material, it is characterised in that:Step It is rapid 3) in, it is described spray drying intake air temperature be 220~340 DEG C, air outlet temperature be 70~120 DEG C.
7. the classification carbon modification NaTi described in claim 1 or 22(PO4)3The preparation method of negative material, it is characterised in that:Step It is rapid 4) in, the inert gas includes:One or more in helium, nitrogen, argon gas, carbon dioxide;
The cleavable includes for the organic gas of carbon:One in acetylene, methane, ethylene, ethane, propane, propylene, cyclopropane Kind is a variety of;
Preferably, material C is heated up under an inert atmosphere with the rate of heat addition of 1~10 DEG C/min in step 4), and with 0.5 The flowing velocity of~10L/min is passed through the organic gas that cleavable at high temperature is carbon, in 650~800 DEG C of constant temperature calcinings 8~ 12h。
8. the classification carbon prepared according to claim 1~7 any one of them method modifies NaTi2(PO4)3Negative material, it is special Sign is, to embed the NaTi of outer cladding structure with carbon2(PO4)3/ C complex microspheres, carbon content NaTi2(PO4)3/ C is multiple Close the 10%~20% of microballoon gross mass.
9. a kind of cathode, which is characterized in that the raw material components of the cathode include such as claim 1~7 any one of them side Classification carbon modification NaTi prepared by method2(PO4)3Negative material.
10. a kind of sodium-ion battery, which is characterized in that the lithium ion battery includes such as claim 1~7 any one of them Classification carbon modification NaTi prepared by method2(PO4)3Negative material.
CN201711366588.2A 2017-12-18 2017-12-18 A kind of classification carbon modification NaTi2(PO4)3The Preparation method and use of negative material Pending CN108110241A (en)

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CN109599547A (en) * 2018-12-07 2019-04-09 贝特瑞(天津)纳米材料制造有限公司 NaTi2(PO4)3-TiO2Preparation method and application of/C composite electrode material
CN110783621A (en) * 2019-10-18 2020-02-11 扬州扬达新能源有限公司 Water system sodium ion battery and preparation method thereof
WO2020210371A1 (en) * 2019-04-08 2020-10-15 Benan Energy Methods for ntp manufacturing

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Application publication date: 20180601