CN108107856B

CN108107856B - On-site monitoring and security control method based on Internet of things

Info

Publication number: CN108107856B
Application number: CN201711359600.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程文云
Original assignee: Shenzhen Zhonggong Decoration Fire Engineering Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Zhonggong Construction Industry Construction Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-12-17
Filing date: 2017-12-17
Publication date: 2020-12-29
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-17
Also published as: CN108107856A

Abstract

The invention discloses a field monitoring and security control method based on the Internet of things, which comprises the following steps of 1: monitoring the position of a fire point; step 2: the MCU controls the spraying device to extinguish fire; in step 1, there are 2 methods for monitoring the fire point position: detecting the position of a fire point by a plurality of fire sensors arranged in an array manner; monitoring the location of the fire point by an infrared camera and based on image processing; in step 2, the fire extinguishing control method comprises 2 methods: (1) controlling the spray head of the fire area (subarea) to spray water; (2) the spray gun is controlled to rotate to aim at the fire point, and water spraying fire extinguishing is implemented. The field monitoring and security control method based on the Internet of things is rich in functions, easy to control, high in safety and reliability and capable of achieving a fire prevention and control function.

Description

On-site monitoring and security control method based on Internet of things

Technical Field

The invention relates to a field monitoring and security control method based on the Internet of things.

Background

The monitoring site generally refers to a home site or a storage site, and the greatest hidden danger of the occasions comes from fire;

in the prior art, although a fire prevention and control system exists, for example, a building automation intelligent system based on a smoke sensing probe and a spray head exists, the fire prevention and control system has the defects of single control and incomplete functions, and if the intelligent spraying effect cannot be realized, the intelligent spraying refers to the functions of controlling the spraying area and controlling the spraying angle. Moreover, the existing spray head is accessed into the Internet of things, and blind spots exist in monitoring.

Therefore, it is necessary to design a new field monitoring and security control method based on the internet of things.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the field monitoring and security control method based on the Internet of things, and the field monitoring and security control method based on the Internet of things has the advantages of rich functions, easiness in control, high safety and reliability and fire prevention and control functions.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

an on-site monitoring and security control method based on the Internet of things comprises the following steps:

step 1: monitoring the position of a fire point;

step 2: the MCU controls the spraying device to extinguish fire;

the multifunctional on-site monitoring and security system based on the Internet of things is adopted to realize fire prevention and control;

the multifunctional on-site monitoring and security system based on the Internet of things comprises an MCU, a camera, a communication module, a fire detection device and a spraying device;

the camera, the communication module and the fire detection device are all connected with the MCU;

the camera is used for acquiring a monitoring image or video;

the communication module is used for communicating with the remote monitoring terminal, transmitting the field information to the remote monitoring terminal or receiving a control instruction from the remote monitoring terminal;

the spraying device is controlled by the MCU; the spraying device is used for spraying water to extinguish fire;

the fire detection device is at least one of a fire sensor, a smoke sensor probe, a flame sensor and a thermal infrared probe, or the fire detection device adopts an infrared camera.

Detecting the position of a fire point by a plurality of fire sensors arranged in an array manner;

dividing the field area into N subsections (301), wherein each subsection is provided with at least one fire sensor; the spraying device comprises N spray heads (303), wherein each partition is provided with one spray head, and N is a natural number which is greater than or equal to 4.

And controlling the spray heads of the fire zones to spray water for extinguishing fire.

Monitoring the location of the fire point by an infrared camera and based on image processing; (image processing is state of the art)

Controlling the spray gun to rotate to aim at a fire point, and spraying water to extinguish a fire;

the spraying device is a rotary spraying device arranged on a ceiling above a site or a bracket above the site;

at the moment, (1) a plurality of fire sensors are distributed in an array manner; if one or the sensors detect that a fire exists in a certain area, the rotary spraying device controls a spray gun on the rotary spraying device to rotate so as to aim at the area to spray and extinguish fire;

or (2) the fire sensor adopts an infrared camera, the position of a fire point is obtained through image processing, and the rotary spraying device controls a spray gun on the rotary spraying device to rotate so as to aim at the area where the fire point is located to spray and extinguish fire.

The rotary spraying device comprises a supporting seat, a rotary platform (118) and a rotary platform driving motor (121); the spray gun (108) is arranged on the rotary platform;

the rotating platform driving motor can drive the rotating platform to rotate through the first transmission mechanism; a spray gun driving motor (117) is arranged on the rotary platform and can control the depression angle of the main spray gun through a second transmission mechanism;

the first transmission mechanism is a gear or belt wheel transmission mechanism;

the second transmission mechanism is an electric push rod or a pull rope (116), when the second transmission mechanism is the pull rope, the lower end of the pull rope is arranged at the front end of the spray gun, and the upper end of the pull rope is wound on a rotating shaft of a drive motor of the spray gun; the spray gun is mounted on a spray gun frame (123) and is hinged with the spray gun frame, so that the front end of the spray gun is downward under the action of gravity, and the depression angle of the spray gun is completely controlled by a pull rope.

The number of the image sensors of the camera is N1, the lens of the camera is a compound lens with N1 sub-lenses, and N1 is an integer greater than or equal to 3.

The on-site monitoring and security system further comprises a temperature and humidity sensor, a rainfall sensor, an air quality sensor, an illumination sensor and a current transformer which are connected with the MCU.

The field monitoring and security system also comprises an actuating mechanism, wherein the actuating mechanism comprises an electric clothes hanger, a ventilation fan and a relay for controlling the power-off and power-on of electric equipment;

the on-site monitoring and security system further comprises a standby power supply based on the lithium battery and a constant-current charging circuit used for charging the lithium battery.

The communication module comprises a wired communication module and a wireless communication module; the wired communication module is a WLAN module, and the wireless communication module is at least one of a WiFi module, a GPRS, a 3G, a 4G and a 5G communication module;

the multifunctional field monitoring and security system based on the Internet of things further comprises an access control device based on an RFID card reader and an electric door lock (an RFID card is read, and the door lock is controlled to be unlocked after verification is passed).

The multifunctional on-site monitoring and security system also comprises a current detection and relay control circuit of the electric equipment based on the current transformer; the circuit structure is as follows:

a current transformer L2 is connected with a resistor R17 in parallel, and an output signal of the current transformer passes through a bridge rectifier; the first end of the direct current side of the bridge rectifier is a signal end, and the second end of the bridge rectifier is grounded; the signal end is grounded through a resistor R16 and a resistor R14; the connection point of the resistor R16 and the resistor R14 is connected with the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier U3 (used as a comparator), the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is grounded through a resistor R19, the output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with the b pole of a triode Q4(NPN type triode) through a resistor R18, the e pole of the triode Q4 is grounded, and the output end of the operational amplifier U3 is grounded through a resistor R21;

the c pole of the triode Q4 is connected with one end of the relay coil, and the other end of the relay coil is connected with VCC; the contact switch of the relay is connected in series in a power supply circuit (or a socket) of the electric equipment;

meanwhile, the signal end is output to an ACD port of the MCU through a voltage follower U4 and a resistor R27, and real-time detection of current is achieved.

When the electric cooker is applied to a home site, the electric equipment comprises at least one of a water dispenser, an electric cooker and an electromagnetic oven.

The multifunctional on-site monitoring and security system based on the Internet of things further comprises at least one camera connected with the MCU.

The sensor module also comprises a flame sensor, and the actuating mechanism also comprises a spraying device.

The multifunctional on-site monitoring and security system based on the Internet of things further comprises a lighting system controlled by the MCU;

the automatic control method comprises the following steps:

step 1: detecting a field state through a sensor;

step 2: controlling each actuating mechanism through a preset control strategy, a field (of a remote controller) control instruction or a remote (of a mobile phone end) control instruction;

and step 3: the latest state data is fed back to the smart phone end through the communication module;

the control method has two types:

(1) the method for manually and actively monitoring the field equipment comprises the steps that a mobile phone remotely controls the field equipment;

(2) the field device automatically controls and feeds back a control result to the mobile phone end;

the specific control method comprises the following steps:

(1) controlling the entrance guard; the entrance guard alarms;

detecting the intrusion of a person, and starting an alarm;

(2) fire alarm and spray control;

the flame sensor detects a fire point, starts an alarm and starts spraying equipment;

(3) temperature and humidity control and a humidifier; an air conditioner;

detecting whether the temperature and the humidity are within a preset range through a temperature and humidity sensor, controlling the humidity through a humidifier and an air conditioner for dehumidification, and controlling the temperature through the air conditioner;

(4) anti-theft control based on infrared detection;

detecting whether the valuables move or not through an infrared sensor, and starting an alarm if the valuables move;

(5) monitoring overload of electric equipment, and controlling based on a current transformer and a relay;

detecting the working current of the electric equipment through a current transformer, and cutting off the power supply of the electric equipment through a relay if the current exceeds a threshold value;

(6) controlling the clothes hanger based on the rainfall sensor;

detecting the rainfall through a rainfall sensor, controlling the clothes hanger to contract if the rainfall is higher than a threshold value, and otherwise, controlling the clothes hanger to expand the clothes; and controls the closing of the window.

(7) Controlling illumination; controlling light;

the illumination is detected through the illumination sensor, the illumination is higher than a threshold value, the lamp is turned off, and when the illumination is weak, the lamp is turned on and the brightness of the lamp is adjusted (the brightness is controlled through PWM (pulse width modulation).

(8) Air quality detection and ventilation control;

through air quality sensor, detect air quality, air pollution degree is higher than the threshold value, then opens electronic window, or starts the air conditioner and takes a breath.

(9) And (5) video monitoring.

Secondly, the display screen also comprises backlight dimming control of the display screen, and the light intensity of the backlight can be manually adjusted.

Has the advantages that:

the field monitoring and security control method based on the Internet of things can realize intelligent water spraying, specifically, can spray water in different areas based on the spray heads arranged in a plurality of areas, or spray water in a certain angle range based on the spray gun which can rotate and adjust the depression angle, so that the method is more targeted and effective in fire prevention and control. This is the greatest feature of the present invention.

In addition, an STM32F407 chip is used as a Main Controller (MCU) for realizing the display of field environment data and providing an input channel for automatic control indication; the RFID radio frequency technology is used for realizing automatic identification of the access control card so as to realize the access control function; various sensors are arranged on the site, and a strong environment sensing network is organized to be beneficial to the system to accurately judge and operate the environment so as to realize the functions of air conditioning, clothes drying and clothes collecting and the like; in the aspect of field safety, the system can prevent fire and theft and can monitor field current, so that the safety problem caused by the fact that field members use high-power electrical appliances is effectively prevented; the system can control the field electric appliance by voice and can remotely monitor the field environment and control the field electric appliance by using the mobile phone.

The system mainly realizes the following functions:

(1) entrance guard's function: and reading the magnetic card by using the RC522 module, and inputting or deleting the ID of the access card, thereby authorizing whether the ID of the access card can be unlocked or not.

(2) Air conditioning: and detecting the air quality and the temperature and humidity of the site to obtain an air quality index, and adjusting the air quality of the site through indoor and outdoor air flow exchange.

(3) And (3) voice recognition: through the voice recognition technology, the voice instruction is accurately judged, and then the electric appliance corresponding to the instruction is controlled.

(4) Fire prevention and theft prevention: whether the fire exists in a room or not is detected through the flame sensor, the position of important on-site articles such as computers is detected through the infrared ray sensor, the ultrasonic sensor and the like, and an alarm is given once the flame sensor is moved by others.

(5) A notification unit: and transmitting the data or the alarm to the mobile phone control terminal and receiving the mobile phone control command.

(6) And a password part: and fixing the use authority by setting and storing the password.

(7) Overcurrent protection: a field circuit maximum threshold is set and the circuit is shut down once the detection circuit exceeds this value.

(8) Automatic clothes airing and collecting: the weather condition is sensed through the environment, and the motor is driven to do the actions of forward rotation clothes airing and reverse rotation clothes collecting.

The system has the functions of door control, automatic air regulation, safety protection, automatic clothes collection and drying, voice control, circuit current limiting protection, mobile phone data display and control and the like. The system uses an STM32F407 chip as a main controller, and intelligently adjusts the site on the basis of an environment sensing network; the entrance guard function adopts the RFID radio frequency technology, and the automatic identification of the entrance guard card is completed through the card reader; the current detection is added to the fireproof and anti-theft functions in the field safety, so that the safety problem caused by the large power used by field members is effectively prevented; the system realizes the function of controlling the electric appliance by voice through the voice recognition module; based on GSM and WIFI communication technologies, communication between the control terminal and the mobile terminal is completed, and monitoring of the environment in the field and remote control of the electric appliance are achieved.

The invention can provide an intelligent, safe and comfortable living environment for users based on the high-speed development of the technology of the Internet of things.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a general architecture diagram of a multi-functional in-situ monitoring and security system based on the Internet of things;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a display circuit;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an applied circuit of a DHT11 digital temperature and humidity sensor;

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an air quality detection circuit;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a rainfall detection circuit;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an illumination detection circuit;

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of an RFID module;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a flame detection circuit;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a current sensing and relay control circuit for an electric device;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an anti-theft circuit based on an infrared pair tube sensor;

FIG. 12 is a relay circuit diagram;

FIG. 13 is (one of) a motor drive circuit schematic;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a motor driving circuit;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a wifi transmission circuit;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a sprinkler and fire sensor arrangement;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural view of a rotary spray device;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of a sprinkler;

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a display backlight adjustment circuit;

fig. 20 is a schematic of constant current charging;

FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a camera structure;

fig. 22 is a schematic general structural view (side view) of the wireless charging system;

fig. 23 is a schematic general structural diagram (top view) of a wireless charging system;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the cover plate when closed;

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of the cover plate when raised;

FIG. 26 is a schematic view of the general structure of the multi-purpose aircraft (water tank not shown);

fig. 27 is a schematic structural view (top view) of a quad-rotor telescopic boom and rotors;

fig. 28 is a schematic structural view of an aircraft with a quad-rotor telescopic boom (bottom view, with sub-rotor, pan and tilt head, camera, etc. not shown);

fig. 29 is a schematic view showing the positional relationship of the main rotor and the auxiliary rotor;

FIG. 30 is an exploded view of the telescoping boom;

FIG. 31 is a schematic view of the assembled telescopic boom;

FIG. 32 is a schematic view of the latch;

FIG. 33 is a schematic structural view of a leg;

fig. 34 is a schematic view of a hexagram stand and rotor.

Description of reference numerals: 21-outer arm, 22-inner arm, 23-main rotor, 24-jack, 25-lock catch; 26-auxiliary rotor, 27-ducted fan mount, 28-leg, 29-chassis, 30-beam, 31-cross, 32-cradle; 33-a pan-tilt head; 51-shell, 52-pin, 53-barb, 511-shell, 512-pressing block, 513-pressing spring; 70-on-board camera, 71-sub-lens, 72-compound lens, 73-rotating shaft, 74-light reflection sheet, 75-photoelectric emitting and receiving device, 76-CCD sensor, 77-fuselage; 81-upper leg, 82-spring, 83-guide bar, 84-lower leg, 85-sleeve, 86-foot nail, 87-grommet. 301-zone, 302-fire sensor, 303-sprinkler. 108-a spray gun; 116-a pull rope, 117-a spray gun driving motor, 118-a rotating platform, 119-a driven gear, 120-a support seat, 121-a rotating platform driving motor, 122-a first driving gear and 123-a spray gun frame. 111-crawler type traveling mechanism, 112-supporting platform, 113-auxiliary water tank; 114-sub-camera, 115-auxiliary spray gun; 71-sub-lens, 72-compound lens, 73-rotating shaft, 74-light reflection sheet, 75-photoelectric transmitting and receiving device, 76-CCD sensor, 77-body. 201-a concave part, 202-a bottom movable platform, 203-a first motor, 204-a limit switch, 205-a guide rail, 206-a first rack rail, 207-a second driving gear, 208-a coded disc, 209-a walking wheel, 210-a lifting platform, 211-a second rack rail, 212-a lead, 213-a power-on plug, 214-a transmitting coil, 215-a scissor type lifting mechanism, 216-an upper movable platform, 217-a push rod, 218-a pressure-proof frame and 219-a movable cover plate.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and specific examples:

example 1: as in fig. 1, the overall system design consists of six parts:

(1) and a controller part, wherein the system has the capability of displaying and inputting data.

(2) And an environment monitoring subsystem. Appropriate sensors are arranged at required positions on site to form an environment sensing network for obtaining real-time data of various environmental information in the site, such as temperature, humidity, air quality and the like, and the system also takes the data as a judgment basis and an implementation basis of an intelligent linkage system.

(3) And an intelligent access control subsystem. And the RFID technology is adopted, and the access control card is read by the card reader to obtain the authorization information. When the card is swiped each time, the system can intelligently identify the information of the user, if the information is judged to be a field member, the access control system can be automatically opened to allow access, and if the information is judged to be invalid, the access is not allowed.

(4) And an intelligent security subsystem. The flame sensor is used for monitoring whether fire exists on the site, the infrared sensor is used for monitoring whether valuables on the site are moved or not, the current detection circuit is used for monitoring whether the current in the circuit on the site exceeds a value, and once abnormity is found, the GSM communication module is used for sending alarm information to a mobile phone number appointed by the system.

(5) And an intelligent linkage subsystem. After the main control end sets the rules or conditions of automatic control, the control of on-site electric lamps, a water dispenser, an exhaust fan, a clothes drying motor and the like is realized by virtue of environment monitoring data. If the system receives a voice command, the operation is automatically carried out through voice recognition, for example, the lamp is automatically turned on when the voice command of turning on the lamp is received, and the lamp is automatically turned off when the voice command of turning off the lamp is received.

(6) A data transmission subsystem. Through a user-defined data transmission protocol, real-time data of the field environment are transmitted to the mobile client through the WIFI to be displayed, and meanwhile, a control instruction sent to a field main control system by the mobile phone APP software is received.

The main controller in the hardware system adopts a Cortex-based system produced by ST company^TMThe STM32F407ZGT6 chip of M4 has the highest running speed of 168MHz, has 1M FLASH and can also carry out floating point operation.

In addition, as in fig. 2-15, the following is described for specific peripheral circuits:

(1) a power supply circuit:

as shown in FIG. 2, the power supply circuit converts the input voltage into 5V voltage through the MP2359 to supply power for the system peripheral, and supplies power for the main control chip through the ASM1117-3.3V voltage stabilization chip. The diodes D3, D4 and D5 utilize the unidirectional conduction characteristic, so that the reverse connection can be prevented from burning the system; in the circuit, an inductor L1, capacitors C22, C23 and the like are mainly used for filtering, so that the stability of power output is ensured.

(2) Display circuit

The display screen circuit is as shown in FIG. 3; the display drive of the TFT liquid crystal screen is ILI9341, and the touch chip is XPT 2046. The floor size was 5.1 x 8.3cm, showing a resolution of 240x 320. The liquid crystal display screen is used for providing a man-machine interaction interface and a control interface.

(3) Temperature and humidity detection circuit

As shown in fig. 4, the DHT11 is a sensor for measuring temperature and humidity, which has a fast response speed, strong noise resistance, and high cost performance, and can communicate with a single chip microcomputer by using a serial single bus.

The working principle is as follows: the DHT11 digital temperature and humidity sensor has the function of calibrating temperature and humidity digital signal output, and the temperature and humidity sensor and the NTC temperature measuring element are internally contained, so that the temperature and the humidity can be measured simultaneously.

Since a serial single bus is used for communication with the host controller, the PC4 pin of the STM32F407 and the DHT11 data output pin are used in the present system for connection. The DHT11 sensor mainly collects temperature and humidity data for the system.

(4) Air quality detection circuit

The MQ-135 is a sensor applied to measuring air quality, and has the advantages of wide detection range, high response and sensitivity, stable work and the like.

The working principle is as follows: as shown in fig. 5, the characteristic of low conductivity of SnO2 in the air is used as the gas-sensitive material of the sensor, if the gas pollution degree is increased, the conductivity of the sensor is increased, so that a signal output corresponding to the sensor can be obtained, and the system can obtain the air pollution degree only by collecting and comparing the signal output. The circuit comprises a slide rheostat VR1 to adjust the sensitivity of the circuit, an MQ-135 sensor collects gas information and converts the gas information into a voltage signal to be output, and the voltage signal output by the sensor is shaped by an LM393 voltage comparator to output a level signal of the whole circuit. The serial single bus is used for communication, and the PF13 pin and the air quality sensor data output pin of the STM32F407 are used for connection in the system. MQ-135 is mainly used for collecting air quality data for the system

The output end of the MQ-135 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier LM393, the VCC end is grounded through the variable resistor R49, the leading-out end (voltage division end) of the variable resistor R49 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier LM393, the operational amplifier LM393 works in a comparator mode, the output end of the operational amplifier LM393 is the output end of the air quality detection circuit, the output end is connected with the VCC end through the diode LED10 and the pull-up resistor R52, and when the high level is output, the LED10 is turned on. This indicates good air quality.

(5) Rainfall detection circuit

As shown in fig. 6, the acquisition board of the raindrop sensor (or called rain sensor) is made of high-quality FR-04 double-sided material and the surface of the acquisition board is covered with nickel plating, so that the acquisition board has excellent performances such as oxidation resistance and good conductivity.

The working principle is as follows: the area of the collecting plate is 5.0 CM by 4.0CM, information about whether the environment is rainy can be well collected, the signal output has regularity through the LM393 voltage comparator, and the potentiometer can adjust the comparison voltage so as to adjust the output threshold value. When the environment does not rain, the output is high level, and when the collecting plate receives raindrops and is conducted, the output is low level. When the rain stops, raindrops on the collecting plate are dried in the sun and then are recovered to be output as a high level. The slide rheostat VR1 can form the adjusting circuit sensitivity, the raindrop sensor collects raindrop information and then converts the raindrop information into a voltage signal to be output, and the voltage signal output by the sensor is shaped by the LM393 voltage comparator and then outputs a level signal of the whole circuit. The circuit also has the functions of power supply indication and switch indication, and the current is limited by a resistor of 1K in the circuit so as to prevent overlarge current. The PD3 pin of STM32F407 is used in the present system to connect with the data output pin of the raindrop sensor. The module has the main function of providing outdoor rainfall information detection for the system.

The first fixed end of the slide rheostat R9 is connected with VCC (direct current power supply voltage, 5V), and the second fixed end is grounded; the tapping end (sliding end) of the slide rheostat R9 is connected with the inverting input end of a computing amplifier U2(LM393 operational amplifier), the first end of a resistor R3 is connected with the VCC end, and the second end of a resistor R3 is grounded through a raindrop sensor; the second end of the resistor R3 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U2; the output end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected with a VCC end through a pull-up resistor R4; the output end of the operational amplifier U2 is used as the output end of the comparator, that is, the output end of the rainfall detection circuit.

The output end of the rainfall detection circuit is connected with a diode through a resistor R10 to form a VCC end, and when the diode LED4 is on, the rainfall exceeds the standard.

(6) Illumination detection circuit

Using a light sensitive resistor as the light sensitive sensor, the circuit diagram is shown in fig. 7.

The photosensitive sensor is essentially a resistor with resistance value changing along with the change of light, and the module consists of a photosensitive resistor, a voltage comparator and a potentiometer.

The working principle is as follows: the circuit measures the resistance value of the photoresistor to obtain the intensity of ambient light, the voltage comparison output is adopted to ensure that the output is stable and is not interfered by single ambient noise, the output waveform is good, the driving capability is strong, the sensitivity of the whole module to light detection can be adjusted through the potentiometer, the DO end outputs high level when the ambient light brightness does not reach a set threshold value, and the DO end outputs low level when the ambient light brightness exceeds the set threshold value; the light sensor also has the function of adjusting the sensitivity, the slide rheostat VR1 is used for forming the adjustment circuit sensitivity, the light sensitive resistor collects light information and converts the light information into a voltage signal to be output, and the voltage signal output by the sensor is shaped by the LM393 voltage comparator and then outputs a level signal of the whole circuit. The circuit also has the functions of power supply indication and switch indication, and the current is limited by a resistor of 1K in the circuit so as to prevent overlarge current. Use STM32F 407's PC11 pin and photosensitive sensor's data output pin to connect in this system, PC11 pin is ADC acquisition pin, STM32 is inside to signal voltage acquisition analysis to reachs light intensity. The module has the main function of detecting the change of the ambient light and collecting the ambient light to the system in time.

The circuit connection mode is as follows:

the first fixed end of the slide rheostat R6 is connected with VCC (direct current power supply voltage, 5V), and the second fixed end is grounded; the tapping end (sliding end) of the slide rheostat R6 is connected with the inverting input end of a computing amplifier U1(LM393 operational amplifier), the first end of a resistor R1 is connected with a VCC end, and the second end of a resistor R1 is grounded through a photoresistor; the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1; the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with a VCC end through a resistor R2; the output terminal of the operational amplifier U1 is used as the output terminal of the comparator, i.e., the output terminal of the illumination detection circuit.

The output end of the illumination detection circuit is also connected with a VCC end through a resistor R7 and a diode LED2, and when the diode LED2 is on, the illumination exceeds the standard.

(7) RFID Module Circuit diagram

As shown in fig. 8, RC522 is a 13.56MHz non-contact high-integration read-write card with low voltage, low cost and small volume proposed by NXP company, and is widely applied to product development of portable handheld devices of smart meters and the like at present.

The working principle is as follows: RC522 integrates all passive contactless communication modes at 13.56MHz using advanced modem technology, and can drive read-write antenna and information transmission of ISO14443A/MIFARE card and transponder. The transponder signal of ISO14443A is processed by a demodulation and decoding circuit, and a frame error, CRYPTO1 encryption algorithm, can also be processed. The two-way data communication rate reaches 424 kbit/s. RC522 uses serial communication to support SPI, I2C, and UART.

The system uses the PB4 pin of STM32F407 and MISO line connection, PB5 pin and MOSI line connection, PB3 pin and SCK line connection, PG0 pin and SDA line connection. The RC522 chip is driven by an analog SPI protocol to realize a radio frequency communication technology, and read-write work of the IEC14443A protocol card is completed on the basis. The main function of the module is to make the system recognize the entrance guard card through the RC522 chip, thereby completing the entrance guard function.

(8) Flame detection circuit

The flame sensor is a sensor for searching for a fire source, and is particularly sensitive to light generated by a flame.

The working principle is as follows: the thermal radiation generated by the flame has the characteristics of discrete light radiation and continuous light radiation, so that the flame can be distinguished by detecting the intensity of the near-infrared wavelength of 1-2 mu m of the flame temperature. The detection distance of the sensor is increased along with the increase of the intensity of flame, the detection angle is about 60 degrees, and the sensitivity can be adjusted by adjusting the comparison voltage. The slide rheostat VR1 is used for adjusting the sensitivity of the circuit, the infrared receiving tube collects flame information and converts the flame information into a voltage signal to be output, and the voltage signal output by the sensor is shaped by the LM393 voltage comparator and then outputs a level signal of the whole circuit. The PD6 pin of STM32F407 is used in the present system to connect with the data output pin of the flame sensor. The function of the flame sensor circuit is to detect the presence of a fire in the field for the system, and the circuit connections are as shown in fig. 9.

(9) Current detection and relay control circuit for electric equipment

The intelligent field system can well prevent field safety problems by detecting field electricity, the working voltage of the used current detection circuit is 5V, and the load power can be connected with 220V/40A equipment.

The working principle is as follows: the field alternating current wire is inserted into the current transformer (or the coil), so that the current transformer generates mutual inductive current, the larger the field power consumption is, the larger the mutual inductive current is, the smaller the field power consumption is, and the smaller the mutual inductive current is, therefore, a signal waveform can be output by using the voltage comparator, and the main controller can obtain field current size information through AD acquisition, thereby achieving the detection effect. In the circuit design, alternating current mutual inductance current is converted into direct current through four rectifier diodes, power supply filtering is carried out through C3, a current loop is formed through R2, the circuit can obtain an output signal only by measuring the voltage at two ends of R2, and the voltage of the output signal is compared with reference voltage through an MCP602 voltage comparator so as to control a relay and a relay

The relay plays a role in protecting overcurrent disconnection power supply, and the output signals are of two types, one is analog quantity and is output by DOUT, and the other is TTL high-low level and is output by AOUT. The main function is to detect the field current for the system. The detailed circuit design is shown in fig. 10 below.

U4 is a voltage follower.

Description of the circuit:

as shown in fig. 10, a current transformer L2 is connected in parallel with a resistor R17, and an output signal of the current transformer passes through a bridge rectifier; the first end of the direct current side of the bridge rectifier is a signal end, and the second end of the bridge rectifier is grounded; the signal end is grounded through a resistor R16 and a resistor R14; the connection point of the resistor R16 and the resistor R14 is connected with the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier U3 (used as a comparator), the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is grounded through a resistor R19, the output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with the b pole of a triode Q4(NPN type triode) through a resistor R18, the e pole of the triode Q4 is grounded, and the output end of the operational amplifier U3 is grounded through a resistor R21;

the c pole of the triode Q4 is connected with one end of the relay coil, and the other end of the relay coil is connected with VCC; the contact switch of the relay is connected in series in the power supply circuit (or socket) of the consumer.

Meanwhile, the signal end is output to an ADC port (A/D conversion port) of the MCU through a voltage follower U4 and a resistor R27, so that real-time detection of current is realized.

(10) Anti-theft detection circuit based on infrared sensor

The infrared pair of tube sensors works by using transmitted infrared rays and received infrared rays as media and comprises an infrared transmitting tube, an infrared receiving tube, a comparator and the like. And monitoring whether the valuables on site are moved or not by an infrared sensor.

The working principle is as follows: as shown in fig. 11, the infrared signal is transmitted by the transmitting tube, received by the receiving tube, and once the receiving tube does not receive the signal indicating that there is an obstacle in the middle, it can be used to detect the direction in which the object is moved. The module circuit can be well adapted to the ambient light, and can output high and low signal levels after being processed by the comparator. The method has the advantages of interference resistance, easiness in implementation, low cost and the like. The infrared receiving tube collects infrared information and then converts the infrared information into a voltage signal to be output, and the voltage signal output by the sensor is shaped by the LM393 voltage comparator and then outputs a level signal of the whole circuit. The circuit also has the functions of power supply indication and switch indication. The circuit is limited by a resistor of 1K to prevent the current from being too large. The PF12 pin of STM32F407 is used in the present system to connect with the data output pin of the infrared sensor. The main function is to provide the system with information that the position of an important object is not moved. The circuit connection mode is as follows:

the first fixed end of the slide rheostat R62 is connected with VCC (direct current power supply voltage, 5V), and the second fixed end is grounded; the tapping end (sliding end) of the slide rheostat R6 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U8(LM393) and used as a reference voltage;

the Vcc end is grounded through a resistor R58 and the transmitting tube to supply power to the transmitting tube; the first end of the infrared receiving tube is connected with a VCC end through R59, and the second end of the infrared receiving tube is grounded; the first end of the infrared receiving tube is connected with the non-inverting input end of an operational amplifier U8(LM 393);

the output end of the operational amplifier U8 is connected with a VCC end through a resistor R60; the output end of the operational amplifier U8 is used as the output end of the comparator, namely the output end of the anti-theft circuit.

The output end of the anti-theft circuit is also connected with a VCC end through a resistor R61 and a diode LED12, and when the diode LED12 is on, the valuable articles are indicated to be stolen.

(11) Relay circuit diagram

As shown in fig. 12, the relay is an electronic switch control device, which has an input circuit and an output circuit, and the control signal of the input circuit can control the connection and disconnection of the output circuit, and is widely used in automatic control circuits.

The working principle is as follows: in the input circuit, small current is used to control the connection and disconnection of the internal magnetic induction coil pair to control the signal output of the output circuit, so that the automatic electronic switch with the function of external signal control is provided. The system is used as a control object of the system, and the electric appliance to be controlled is indirectly controlled by controlling the switch of the relay. The electric appliances needing the relay in the system are an entrance guard switch and a water dispenser. In the system, a PG1 pin of STM32F407 is used for controlling an entrance guard switch, and a PD3 pin is used for controlling a water dispenser switch.

(12) Motor drive circuit

All need use the motor when the clothes is retrieved in the rotation of exhaust fan and rainy, because the direct circular telegram speed of motor is not conform to the design requirement, therefore need control the speed of motor during operation, so introduce the PWM ripples, the PWM ripples is a pulse width modulation technique, can carry out analog control to the motor, motor work needs the heavy current, give the motor for combining PWM control and providing the heavy current in the circuit, the selection drives with MOS pipe SI2302, the controller comes the break-make of control MOS pipe SI2302 through output PWM ripples, thereby reach the purpose of control motor speed. In the system, the PC0 pin of the STM32F407 is connected to the PWM1, and the PC1 is connected to the PWM 2. The circuit design is shown in fig. 13 and 14.

(13) Data transmission subsystem

The ESP8266 is a WIFI module with ultra-low power consumption and capable of conducting transparent transmission through UART-WiFi, provides a complete system network solution for WIFI equipment on the market at present, can be independently used for independent operation, and can also be used as a slave and other host controllers in a matched mode. When the slave machine is used, the communication connection can be carried out with the host machine through the SPI/SDIO interface or the I2C/UART interface. Thereby realizing the function of accessing the Internet.

The working principle is as follows: work by providing two connection modes using the SDK. In the first mode of UDP broadcast, ESP8266 scans the AP first to obtain information about the AP, such as a channel in operation, then configures the WIFI chip to operate on the channel just scanned to receive the UDP packet, and if not, continues to configure ESP8266 to operate on another channel, and so on, until receiving the UDP packet. The second is AP access, where the ESP8266 chip is driven primarily using the espress AT command set to operate. In the system, the serial port 6 of the STM32F407 is connected with an ESP8266 module, the pin PA1 is connected with TX, and the pin PA0 is connected with RX. The main function is to provide a data transmission mode based on a TCP/IP protocol for the system, so that the system can be directly connected to the Internet, and a data source is provided for the APP software of the mobile phone terminal. The circuit design is shown in fig. 15.

In addition, (13) GSM communication module

The main chip of the GSM communication module is SIM900A, which is a GSM/GPRS dual-frequency module. The system has reliable and stable performance and high cost performance, and can meet the diversified demands of users.

The working principle is as follows: the downlink transmission rate is 85.6kbps at maximum, and the uplink transmission rate is 42.8kbps at maximum. In the system, the short message sending function is completed only by using the AT instruction. In the system, a serial port 3 and a module serial port interface are used for connection, and PB10 is connected with TX, and PB11 is connected with RX. The main function is to provide the transmission of information for the implementation of the security functions of the system.

(14) Speech recognition module

The voice recognition chip LD3320 is designed and produced by ICRoute company, the module comprises a voice signal processing part consisting of a voice chip and a processor, and a voice signal acquisition part consisting of a microphone, an operational amplifier chip, a triode and the like, and comprises an AD converter, a DA converter, a serial port, a power supply voltage stabilizing part and the like.

The working principle is as follows: the voice recognition of unspecified persons is completed through a special voice optimization processing algorithm of an ICRout company, and the voice recognition accuracy rate is up to 96 percent without the need of previous recording and training. Each recognition can be provided with 50 candidate recognition sentences, and the recognition sentences can be composed of single characters, words and phrases, long sentences and short sentences, but the length of the recognition sentences can not exceed 10 Chinese characters or 79 byte pinyin combinations. In the system, the serial port 6 of the STM32F407 is connected with a voice module, a PD2 pin is connected with TX, and a PC12 pin is connected with RX. The main function is to provide the voice recognition function for the system, collect the voice command and output to the main controller.

In the invention, a spraying device is one of the cores;

The spraying device has 3 preferred methods:

example 1:

as shown in fig. 16, the field area is divided into N zones 301, and each zone is provided with at least one fire sensor; the spraying device comprises N spray heads (303), wherein each zone is provided with one spray head, preferably, the spray heads are arranged on a ceiling above the zones or a support above the zones, and N is a natural number which is more than or equal to 4. Where N is 9;

example 2:

as shown in fig. 17, the spray device is a rotary spray device disposed on the ceiling above the site or on the support above;

The rotary spraying device comprises a supporting seat, a rotary platform 118 and a rotary platform driving motor 121; the spray gun 108 is arranged on the rotary platform;

the rotating platform driving motor can drive the rotating platform to rotate through the first transmission mechanism; a spray gun driving motor 117 is arranged on the rotary platform and can control the depression angle of the main spray gun through a second transmission mechanism;

the second transmission mechanism is an electric push rod or a pull rope 116, when the second transmission mechanism is the pull rope, the lower end of the pull rope is arranged at the front end of the spray gun, and the upper end of the pull rope is wound on a rotating shaft of a drive motor of the spray gun; the lance is mounted on a lance holder 123 and is hinged to the lance holder so that the front end of the lance is directed downwardly under gravity and so that its angle of depression is controlled entirely by the pull cord.

Example 3: spraying water by using water spraying vehicle

As shown in fig. 18, the tracked water spraying vehicle is provided with a sub-camera 114 and an auxiliary spray gun 115.

The crawler-type water spraying vehicle is connected with the main water tank through a water pipe; and the crawler-type sprinkler is provided with an auxiliary water tank 113. The sub-camera is used for monitoring water spraying action and the state of a fire extinguishing site, the auxiliary spray gun is used for spraying water, and the crawler-type water spraying vehicle is provided with a wireless communication module and is controlled by a remote terminal (such as a mobile phone).

The fire extinguishing control method comprises the following steps: step 1: monitoring the position of a fire point; step 2: the MCU controls the spraying device to extinguish fire;

in step 1, there are 2 methods for monitoring the fire point position: (1) detecting the position of a fire point by a plurality of fire sensors arranged in an array manner; (2) monitoring the location of the fire point by an infrared camera and based on image processing; (image processing is well established in the art); in step 2, the fire extinguishing control method comprises 2 methods: (1) controlling the spray head of the fire area (subarea) to spray water; (2) the spray gun is controlled to rotate to aim at the fire point, and water spraying fire extinguishing is implemented.

In addition, the MCU is connected to a display screen, and fig. 19 is a dimming circuit, i.e., a brightness adjusting circuit, for the backlight of the display screen;

the brightness adjusting circuit comprises an MCU, an LED lamp string, a triode, a potentiometer Rx and an A/D converter; the triode is an NPN type triode; a knob switch is also arranged on the fixing frame of the display screen and is coaxially connected with the potentiometer Rx;

the potentiometer Rx and the first resistor R1 are connected in series to form a voltage division branch, one end of the voltage division branch is connected with the positive electrode Vcc of the power supply, and the other end of the voltage division branch is grounded; the connection point of the potentiometer Rx and the first resistor R1 is connected with the input end of the A/D converter; the output end of the A/D converter is connected with the data input port of the MCU;

the LED lamp string comprises a plurality of LED lamps which are connected in series; the anode of the LED lamp string is connected with the anode Vcc of the power supply; the negative electrode of the LED lamp string is connected with the C electrode of the triode, and the E electrode of the triode is grounded through a second resistor R2; the B pole of the triode is connected with the output end of the MCU. The power supply positive pole Vcc is 5V, and the A/D converter is an 8-bit serial output type converter.

As shown in fig. 20, the constant current charging circuit charges the lithium battery, and in the constant current charging circuit, each element or reference number indicates:

VIN + -input power supply anode.

VIN-input negative pole of power supply.

VOUT + -output power supply anode.

VOUT-output power supply cathode.

VREF + - - - - -positive pole of reference power supply

C1 is the input filter capacitance.

C2 is the output filter capacitance.

C3 is current sample feedback filtering.

R1, R2, R5 and C3 form a current sampling feedback circuit.

And R3 and R4 are voltage sampling feedback circuits.

D1 is an isolation diode.

The constant-current charging circuit comprises a constant-voltage driving chip and a current feedback circuit;

(1) the voltage output end of the constant voltage driving chip is a positive output end VOUT + of the constant current charging circuit; the negative output end of the constant voltage driving chip is grounded;

the constant voltage driving chip is powered by a direct current voltage power supply end VIN + and VIN-;

(2) the current feedback circuit comprises resistors R1, R2 and R5 and a reference voltage end VREF +;

the reference voltage end VREF + is grounded through resistors R1, R2 and R5 which are sequentially connected in series;

the connecting point of the resistor R5 and the resistor R2 is a negative output end VOUT < - >;

the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2 is connected with the feedback terminal FB of the constant voltage driving chip.

The constant current charging circuit also comprises a voltage feedback circuit;

the voltage feedback circuit comprises resistors R3 and R4 and a diode D1;

the resistors R3 and R4 are connected in series and then connected between the positive output end VOUT + of the constant current charging circuit and the ground; the connection point of the resistors R3 and R4 is connected with the anode of the diode D1; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the feedback terminal FB of the constant voltage driving chip.

Description of the working principle:

the stable reference power supply is used as a reference voltage, and the voltage which is equal to the voltage FB is obtained by dividing the voltage by R1, R2 and R5, so that the internal PWM of the DCDC IC is adjusted by the voltage FB to control the magnitude of the output current. For example, when the output current becomes larger, the voltage across the sampling resistor R5 will increase, and since VRFE + is a fixed value, the FB voltage becomes larger, FB becomes larger, the duty cycle will decrease, and the output current decreases, thereby completing a complete feedback to achieve the purpose of stabilizing the current output.

The scheme introduces fixed VREF +, so that Io becomes an equation which is only in linear relation with R5 sampling resistance, and the Io becomes constant, thereby achieving the purpose of constant current.

In addition, as shown in fig. 21, the camera (i.e., the camera head) includes a body 77 and a compound lens 72; a plurality of CCD sensors 76 are arranged in the machine body, and a photoelectric transmitting and receiving device 75 for lens alignment is arranged on the machine body;

the composite lens is provided with a rotating shaft 73; 4 sub-lenses 71 are integrated in the compound lens; the sub-lenses are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the composite lens; the rear end of the composite lens is also provided with a light reflection sheet 74 matched with the photoelectric transmitting and receiving device; a stepping motor for driving the lens to rotate is further arranged in the machine body. The photoelectric transmitting and receiving device and the light reflection sheet can be a plurality of sets, preferably 2 sets, are axially symmetrical, have better alignment effect, and only after the 2 sets of photoelectric transmitting and receiving device and the light reflection sheet are aligned, the lens is considered to be aligned with the CCD sensor, so that the alignment precision is higher. The multiple sub-lenses have different focal lengths and are used for monitoring different visual angles, and the flexibility is good.

In addition, the sprinkler car adopts the lithium cell as power, therefore, intelligent field system still is equipped with the charging system who is used for spraying water for the sprinkler car. As shown in fig. 22-25, the wireless charging module includes a supporting platform disposed in the recess 201 and a transmitting coil 214 disposed on the supporting platform; the supporting platform comprises a bottom layer movable platform 202, an upper layer movable platform 216 and a lifting mechanism for connecting the bottom layer movable platform and the upper layer movable platform; a longitudinal translation mechanism is arranged on the bottom layer movable platform; the upper layer movable platform is provided with a transverse translation mechanism. The lifting mechanism is a cylinder type lifting mechanism or a scissor type lifting mechanism 215. The cylinder type lifting mechanism is a push rod type driving mechanism, such as a pneumatic cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. The longitudinal translation mechanism comprises a guide rail 205 and a first rack rail 206 arranged at the bottom of the recess; the number of the guide rails is 2; the rack rail is one, and the rack rail and the guide rail are arranged in parallel; a plurality of travelling wheels 209 capable of rolling on the guide rails are arranged at the bottom of the bottom layer movable platform; the number of the walking wheels is 4, and one side of the walking wheels is 2. The front end of the bottom layer movable platform is provided with a first motor 203; a gear 207 is arranged on a rotating shaft of the first motor, and the gear is meshed with the first rack rail; when the first motor rotates, the bottom layer movable platform can be driven to longitudinally (front and back) translate along the first rack rail. The transverse translation mechanism comprises a second rack rail 211 and a second motor; the second rack rail is transversely arranged, and the left end or the right end of the upper movable platform of the second motor is arranged; and a gear meshed with the second rack rail is arranged on a rotating shaft of the second motor, and when the second motor rotates, the upper movable platform can be driven to transversely (leftwards and rightwards) translate along the second rack rail. The rotating shafts of the first motor and the second motor are both provided with a code disc 208. The code wheel is used for detecting the number of turns of the motor rotation, so that the displacement of the platform in advancing can be converted. An electric movable cover plate 19 is arranged at the opening of the concave part. The electric driving means motor driving or electric signal control hydraulic cylinder or air cylinder driving. The movable cover plate is 2, a push rod for driving the movable cover plate is arranged in the concave part, and the upper end of the push rod is connected with the movable cover plate ground. The opening of the depressed part is also provided with a pressure-proof mechanism 210, and when the movable cover plate is unfolded, the pressure-proof mechanism can support the movable cover plate. The pressure-proof mechanism is in a square frame shape. Stainless steel or cast iron is adopted, and the strength is high. The wireless charging system for the water spraying vehicle further comprises a control unit, wherein the control unit comprises an MCU, and the transverse translation mechanism and the longitudinal translation mechanism are controlled by the MCU; the MCU is also connected with a communication module. The limit switch and the code disc output signals to the MCU; the first motor and the second motor are both stepping motors. The first rack rail is located between the 2 rails. The rear end of the bottom layer movable platform is provided with a limit switch 204; the front end of the motor is provided with a limit switch 204. The limit switch acts to indicate that the front or the rear is in place, and the motor stops rotating, so that the safe operation of the whole equipment is guaranteed. The bottom movable platform is provided with a lead with a connecting plug 213. The wire is used for connecting and obtaining commercial power, thereby supplying power for the transmitting coil. The bottom layer movable platform is also provided with an MCU and a single-phase bridge type rectification and inversion circuit; the single-phase bridge type rectification and inversion circuit comprises a rectifier bridge and an inverter bridge, wherein the rectifier bridge adopts 4 power diodes, the inverter adopts 4 IGBTs, the connection mode is the existing mature technology, and the G pole of the IGBT is controlled by the pulse sent by the MCU. The input side of the rectifier bridge is connected with the commercial power, and the output side of the rectifier bridge is connected with the transmitting coil through the inverter; the rectifier bridge is used for changing alternating current into direct current, and the inverter is used for changing direct current into alternating current of different frequencies, changes the frequency in order to improve charge efficiency.

In addition, the multifunctional aerial photography aircraft can be used for carrying out video monitoring on the site, and spraying fire extinguishing can be carried out when necessary. 26-34, a multi-functional aerial vehicle, comprising a cradle 32, a rotor, a base plate 29, a pan-tilt 33, legs 28, and a camera 70; the rotor and the holder are arranged on the bracket; the bottom plate is fixed at the bottom of the bracket; the camera is arranged on the holder; the supporting legs are fixed at the bottom of the bottom plate; the camera includes a body 77 and a compound lens 72; a CCD sensor 76 is arranged in the machine body, and a photoelectric transmitting and receiving device 75 for lens alignment is arranged on the machine body; the compound lens is shown in fig. 21. 4 support legs are vertically arranged, and a horizontal cross beam is arranged between every two adjacent support legs; the legs include an upper leg 81, a lower leg 84 and a foot peg 86; the lower end of the upper leg is provided with a guide groove; the upper end of the lower leg is provided with a guide rod 83; the guide rod is inserted in the guide groove; a spring 82 is arranged in the guide groove; the spring is arranged between the top wall (the inner wall at the innermost end) of the guide groove and the top end of the guide rod; the lower end of the lower leg is provided with a foot peg 86. The outer wall of the lower end part of the lower supporting leg is provided with an external thread; the lower end of the lower supporting leg is sleeved with a sleeve 85 with internal threads, and the lower end of the sleeve is provided with a backing ring 87. The chassis is also provided with a gyroscope and a wireless communication module. The gyroscope is used for navigation, and the wireless communication module is used for receiving an instruction of the remote controller and transmitting shot pictures and video information to the ground receiving end equipment. The bracket is a cross cantilever bracket consisting of 4 telescopic cantilevers with the same structure; each telescopic boom comprises an outer arm 21 and an inner arm 22; the inner end part of the outer arm is connected with the outer end part of the inner arm through a lock catch 25; the lock catch is provided with a pin 52 with a barb 53; the number of the lock catches is multiple; a plurality of groups of jacks 24 for pins to pass through are arranged at the inner end of the outer arm and the outer end of the inner arm; each group of jacks comprises at least 2 jacks; the rotor comprises a main rotor and an auxiliary rotor; the outer end part of the outer arm is provided with a main rotor 23 and an auxiliary cantilever 26; the main rotor and the auxiliary cantilever are coaxially arranged, the main rotor is positioned above the outer arm, and the auxiliary rotor is positioned below the outer arm; the diameter of the main rotor wing is larger than that of the auxiliary rotor wing; the auxiliary rotor wing is a ducted fan and is fixed at the bottom of the outer arm through a ducted fan fixing part 7; the lock catch has a housing 51; the shell comprises an outer shell 511, a pressing block 512 and a pressure spring 513; the number of the pins is 2; the pins are fixed on the outer shell; the pressing block is positioned in the outer shell and sleeved on the 2 pins; the pressing block can move along the pin; a pressure spring is arranged between the pressing block and the pin, and the pressure spring is sleeved at the root of the pin. The inner end of the outer arm is provided with 2 groups of jacks for the pins to pass through; each group of jacks on the outer arm comprises 2 jacks; the number of the lock catches is 2; 4 groups of jacks for the pins to pass through are arranged at the outer end part of the inner arm at equal intervals; each set of jacks on the inner arm includes 2 jacks. The ratio of the diameter of the auxiliary rotor to the diameter of the main rotor is 0.2-0.35; preferred values are 0.25 and 0.3. The backing ring is made of rubber, and the foot nails are made of stainless steel. Another aircraft is shown in fig. 23, in which the support is a hexagonal star-shaped support composed of 6 transverse struts with the same length; each angular position of the hexagonal star-shaped support is provided with a rotor wing. The rotor comprises a main rotor and an auxiliary rotor; the outer end part of the outer arm is provided with a main rotor 23 and an auxiliary cantilever 26; the main rotor and the auxiliary cantilever are coaxially arranged, the main rotor is positioned above the outer arm, and the auxiliary rotor is positioned below the outer arm; the diameter of the main rotor wing is larger than that of the auxiliary rotor wing; the auxiliary rotor is a ducted fan and is fixed to the bottom of the outer arm by a ducted fan fixing member 27. Furthermore, each cross position of the hexagram-shaped support is provided with a rotor wing, and the cross position is a position corresponding to X cross formed by the adjacent transverse struts; such an aircraft would have 12 or 12 sets of rotors. The ratio of the diameter of the auxiliary rotor to the diameter of the main rotor is 0.25 or 0.3. The aircraft has the following outstanding characteristics:

(1) its foot rest adopts the cushion mode of guide way-conductor pole-spring, can provide effectual buffering for the aircraft, simple structure, easy to carry out, in addition, the rigidity of whole foot rest has been strengthened in the adoption of crossbeam, make all stabilizer blades fuse, and further, the bottom of lower stabilizer blade is provided with foot nail and backing ring, and when the sleeve was removed or was screwed on, the foot nail acted on, makes the aircraft be applicable to and takes off and land in soft place (like open-air muddy soil), if the sleeve rotates downwards to the lower position of backing ring than the foot nail, the backing ring acted on, makes the aircraft be applicable to and takes off and land in hard place (like muddy ground), and the suitability is good.

(2) In addition, the camera adopts a switched composite lens of a self-lens, 4 lenses with different focal lengths are integrated in the composite lens and are used for shooting pictures with different visual angles on a target object, and the flexibility is good; the photoelectric transmitting and receiving device arranged on the camera and the light reflection sheet arranged on the lens are used for aligning the sub-lens with the CCD sensor, the combined type lens is driven by the stepping motor, the alignment precision is high, and the sub-lens is convenient to switch. The camera has the excellent quality of a fixed focus head and also has the flexibility of changing the focal length, so the camera has good practicability.

(3) A telescopic cantilever is adopted;

the telescopic cantilever adopts a two-section telescopic structure of an outer arm and an inner arm, and is convenient to stretch; and outer arm and inner arm link to each other through unique hasp, and the hasp has the barb, and the cartridge is convenient, is equipped with pressure spring and briquetting on the hasp in addition, can ensure to lock firmly. In a word, this kind of four shaft rotor craft with telescopic cantilever structure is ingenious, and the flexibility is good, easy dismounting.

(4) Adopting a hexagonal star-shaped rotor wing; the novel hexagram-shaped support is adopted, the stability of the support is good, each rotor wing is located at an angular position, each angular position is located at a vertex of a triangle and is supported by 2 supporting rods, and due to the stability of the triangle, the vertex cannot have any offset or drift in flight, so that the support has great stability advantages relative to a regular hexagon support or a cross-shaped support or other supports. In addition, the arrangement mode of 6 rotors has better aerodynamic configuration than the arrangement mode of 2-4 rotors, and in conclusion, the six-rotor aircraft has ingenious structure and good stability. When the rotor wing is arranged at the cross position, the lifting force of the aircraft can be further enhanced.

(5) Adopt the duct fan as vice rotor, the duct fan is used for providing supplementary lift, and the duct fan has the fast advantage of response, can improve the whole bearing capacity and the stability of aircraft like this.

The multifunctional aerial photography aircraft has high integration level and compact structure, not only has a flight mechanism with excellent performance, but also has supporting legs with unique buffering function, and further has an original camera, so that the multifunctional aerial photography aircraft has the advantages of rich functions, high safety, ingenious structure, high lift force, stable flight and easiness in implementation.

Claims

1. An on-site monitoring and security control method based on the Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 1: monitoring the position of a fire point;

step 2: the MCU controls the spraying device to extinguish fire;

the camera is used for acquiring a monitoring image or video;

the fire detection device is a fire sensor, at least one of a smoke sensor probe, a flame sensor and a thermal infrared probe, or the fire detection device adopts an infrared camera;

dividing the field area into N subsections (301), wherein each subsection is provided with at least one fire sensor; the spraying device comprises N spray heads (303), each partition is provided with one spray head, and N is a natural number greater than or equal to 4;

controlling the spray heads of the fire zones to spray water for fire extinguishing;

monitoring the location of the fire point by an infrared camera and based on image processing;

or, (2) the fire sensor adopts an infrared camera, the position of a fire point is obtained through image processing, and the rotary spraying device controls a spray gun on the rotary spraying device to rotate so as to aim at the area where the fire point is located to spray and extinguish fire;

the second transmission mechanism is an electric push rod or a pull rope (116), when the second transmission mechanism is the pull rope, the lower end of the pull rope is arranged at the front end of the spray gun, and the upper end of the pull rope is wound on a rotating shaft of a drive motor of the spray gun; the spray gun is arranged on the spray gun frame (123) and is hinged with the spray gun frame, so that the front end of the spray gun is downward under the action of gravity, and the depression angle of the spray gun is completely controlled by the pull rope;

the number of the image sensors of the camera is N1, the lens of the camera is a composite lens with N1 sub-lenses, and N1 is an integer greater than or equal to 3;

the MCU is connected with a temperature and humidity sensor, a rainfall sensor, an air quality sensor, a photosensitive sensor and a current transformer;

the multifunctional on-site monitoring and security system based on the Internet of things further comprises an executing mechanism, wherein the executing mechanism comprises an electric clothes hanger, a ventilation fan and a relay for controlling the power-off and the power-on of electric equipment; the multifunctional on-site monitoring and security system based on the Internet of things further comprises a standby power supply based on a lithium battery and a constant-current charging circuit used for charging the lithium battery;

the field monitoring and security control method based on the Internet of things further comprises an access control device based on an RFID card reader and an electric door lock;

the current transformer-based electric equipment current detection and relay control circuit is also included; the circuit structure is as follows:

a current transformer L2 is connected with a resistor R17 in parallel, and an output signal of the current transformer passes through a bridge rectifier; the first end of the direct current side of the bridge rectifier is a signal end, and the second end of the bridge rectifier is grounded; the signal end is grounded through a resistor R16 and a resistor R14; the connection point of the resistor R16 and the resistor R14 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U3 is grounded through a resistor R19, the output end of the operational amplifier U3 is connected with the b pole of the triode Q4 through a resistor R18, the e pole of the triode Q4 is grounded, and the output end of the operational amplifier U3 is grounded through a resistor R21;

the c pole of the triode Q4 is connected with one end of the relay coil, and the other end of the relay coil is connected with VCC; a contact switch of the relay is connected in series in a power supply circuit of the electric equipment;

meanwhile, the signal end is output to an ACD port of the MCU through a voltage follower U4 and a resistor R27, so that real-time detection of current is realized;

the illumination detection circuit adopts a photosensitive resistor as a photosensitive sensor, a first fixed end of the slide rheostat R6 is connected with VCC, and a second fixed end of the slide rheostat R6 is grounded; the tap of the slide rheostat R6 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1, the first end of the resistor R1 is connected with the VCC end, and the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the ground through the photoresistor; the second end of the resistor R1 is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1; the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is connected with a VCC end through a resistor R2; the output end of the operational amplifier U1 is used as the output end of the comparator, namely the output end of the illumination detection circuit; the output end of the illumination detection circuit is also connected with a VCC end through a resistor R7 and a diode LED2, and when the diode LED2 is on, the illumination exceeds the standard;

the anti-theft detection circuit based on the infrared sensor is characterized in that a first fixed end of a slide rheostat R62 is connected with VCC, and a second fixed end of the slide rheostat R62 is grounded; the tap of the slide rheostat R6 is connected with the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U8 to serve as a reference voltage; the VCC end is grounded through a resistor R58 and the transmitting tube to supply power to the transmitting tube; the first end of the infrared receiving tube is connected with a VCC end through R59, and the second end of the infrared receiving tube is grounded; the first end of the infrared receiving tube is connected with the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier U8; the output end of the operational amplifier U8 is connected with a VCC end through a resistor R60; the output end of the operational amplifier U8 is used as the output end of the comparator, namely the output end of the anti-theft circuit; the output end of the anti-theft circuit is also connected with a VCC end through a resistor R61 and a diode LED12, and when the diode LED12 is on, the valuable articles are stolen;

the constant-current charging circuit comprises a constant-voltage driving chip and a current feedback circuit; the voltage output end of the constant voltage driving chip is a positive output end VOUT + of the constant current charging circuit; the negative output end of the constant voltage driving chip is grounded; the constant voltage driving chip is powered by a direct current voltage power supply end VIN + and VIN-; the current feedback circuit comprises resistors R1, R2 and R5 and a reference voltage end VREF +; the reference voltage end VREF + is grounded through resistors R1, R2 and R5 which are sequentially connected in series; the connecting point of the resistor R5 and the resistor R2 is a negative output end VOUT < - >; the connection point of the resistors R1 and R2 is connected with the feedback end FB of the constant voltage driving chip; the constant current charging circuit also comprises a voltage feedback circuit; the voltage feedback circuit comprises resistors R3 and R4 and a diode D1; the resistors R3 and R4 are connected in series and then connected between the positive output end VOUT + of the constant current charging circuit and the ground; the connection point of the resistors R3 and R4 is connected with the anode of the diode D1; the cathode of the diode D1 is connected with the feedback end FB of the constant voltage driving chip;

spraying water by adopting a crawler-type water spraying vehicle; the crawler-type water spraying vehicle is provided with a sub-camera and an auxiliary spray gun; the crawler-type water spraying vehicle is connected with the main water tank through a water pipe; an auxiliary water tank is arranged on the crawler-type water spraying vehicle; the sub-camera is used for monitoring water spraying action and the state of a fire extinguishing site, the auxiliary spray gun is used for spraying water, and the crawler-type water spraying vehicle is provided with a wireless communication module and is controlled by a remote terminal; the fire extinguishing control method comprises the following steps: step 1: monitoring the position of a fire point; step 2: the MCU controls the spraying device to extinguish fire; in step 1, there are 2 methods for monitoring the fire point position: detecting the position of a fire point by a plurality of fire sensors arranged in an array manner; monitoring the location of the fire point by an infrared camera and based on image processing; in step 2, the fire extinguishing control method comprises 2 methods: controlling a spray head of the ignition area to spray water; controlling the spray gun to rotate to aim at a fire point, and spraying water to extinguish a fire;

and a multifunctional aerial photography aircraft is adopted to carry out video monitoring on the site, and spraying and fire extinguishing are carried out.