CN108107508A - A kind of coupler and optical module - Google Patents
A kind of coupler and optical module Download PDFInfo
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- CN108107508A CN108107508A CN201711268559.2A CN201711268559A CN108107508A CN 108107508 A CN108107508 A CN 108107508A CN 201711268559 A CN201711268559 A CN 201711268559A CN 108107508 A CN108107508 A CN 108107508A
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- core
- coupling
- coupler
- light
- sandwich layer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of coupler and optical module, is related to optical communication field.Coupler provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes substrate；Positioned at the sandwich layer of substrate surface；Sandwich layer includes transmission core and at least two coupling cores；Coupling core gradually broadens and then becomes narrow gradually from one end to the other end, and transmission core gradually broadens from one end to the other end, and the other end of at least two coupling cores surrounds one end of transmission core, and one end of at least two coupling cores does not surround transmission core；Covering, wraps up sandwich layer, and the refractive index of covering is less than the refractive index of sandwich layer.The light of big mould spot is received by one end of sandwich layer coupling core, one end of at least two coupling cores is superimposed, improves the ability of the big mould spot of coupler match；The change of refractive index has occurred in coupling core during gradually changing so that coupling core can be departed from by coupling the light of core；The light for departing from coupling core enters transmission core；Using the optical module of above-mentioned coupler scheme, the mould spot of bigger can be matched in optical coupling, while reduces light loss.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to optical communication field more particularly to a kind of couplers and optical module.
Background technology
Optic communication using light as information transport vehicle, loss of the light in transmission process directly affect transmission range and
The quality of receive information.
There is different sectional dimensions, different sectional dimensions has different mould spots, different mould spots between biography optical medium
Between optical transport can generate great light loss.Specifically, the fiber waveguide made of planar optical waveguide technique has difference
Sectional dimension, height including fiber waveguide is different and/or width is different.It is passed to reduce light in various sizes of fiber waveguide
Defeated loss is, it is necessary to connect the fiber waveguide of different sizes using coupler.
Fig. 1 is a kind of coupler that correlation technique of the present invention provides.As shown in Figure 1, correlation technique uses planar optical waveguide
Technique makes, since using lithographic technique is grown, the height of fiber waveguide is consistent substantially, and the width of fiber waveguide can not
Together.In correlation technique, coupler is gradually broadened from one end A to other end B width, and small section A size has big mould spot, and
Big sectional dimension B has small mould spot, since one end B of coupler is small compared with other end A, it is possible to receive big mould spot
Light, and the other end mould spot of coupler is smaller, can be passed to light in the biography optical medium of small mould spot, it is achieved thereby that big mould spot is situated between
Optical transport between matter and small mould spot medium.Designed by the width gradual change of coupler so that light in coupling device gradual change it is complete
Into the variation of mould spot, the light loss that violent mould spot variation generates is avoided.
However, the coupler that correlation technique provides in reality, one end A of coupler is fabricated to sufficiently small size and is stranded very much
It is difficult, it is difficult to which that the scene of many big mould spots of matching causes light that violent mould spot variation has occurred when into coupler, causes larger
Light loss.
The content of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of coupler and optical module, is improving the same of the ability of the big mould spot of coupler match
When, reduce light loss.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of coupler, including substrate；Positioned at the sandwich layer of substrate surface；Sandwich layer is including transmission core and extremely
Few two couplings core；Coupling core gradually broaden and then become narrow gradually from one end to the other end, transmission core from one end to the other end by
Gradual change is wide, and the other end of at least two coupling cores surrounds one end of transmission core, and one end of at least two coupling cores does not surround transmission
Core；Covering, wraps up sandwich layer, and the refractive index of covering is less than the refractive index of sandwich layer.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of optical module, including above-mentioned coupler.
The covering of sandwich layer is wrapped up, refractive index is less than sandwich layer so that light is totally reflected in sandwich layer and clad interface, will
Light constraint is transmitted in the core；
Sandwich layer is located at substrate surface, and the light of big mould spot, one end phase of at least two coupling cores are received by one end of sandwich layer coupling core
Superposition improves the ability of the big mould spot of coupler match；
Coupling core gradually broadens and then becomes narrow gradually from one end to the other end, and coupling core is reflected during gradually changing
The change of rate so that coupling core can be departed from by coupling the light of core；
It and couples core and surrounds transmission core so that the light for departing from coupling core enters transmission core；
The mould spot of coupling core becomes larger in the other end, adds the area that coupling core spot is overlapped with transmitting core spot, improves
It is coupled into the efficiency of transmission core；
Transmission core gradually broadens from one end to the other end, and big mould spot at one end is beneficial to light of the coupling from coupling core, gradually
During change mould spot taper into so as to external connection；
Using the optical module of above-mentioned coupler scheme, the mould spot of bigger can be matched in optical coupling, while reduces light loss.
Description of the drawings
It, below will be to attached drawing needed in embodiment description in order to illustrate more clearly of the technical solution of the application
It is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some embodiments of the present application, general for this field
For logical technical staff, without creative efforts, other attached drawings are can also be obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of coupler that correlation technique of the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 is a kind of coupler provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is photo-coupler explosive view provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the top view of coupler sandwich layer shown in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is one core structure schematic diagram of coupler of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is another core structure schematic diagram of coupler of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without creative efforts
Embodiment belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Planar optical waveguide technique makes light wave by the way of different materials, etching forming shape is grown by layer on substrate
It leads.The fiber waveguide that this technique makes, width can be fabricated to various sizes, but short transverse is generally identical, width
The change in size in direction directly affects the variation of sectional dimension.
Fig. 1 is a kind of coupler that correlation technique of the present invention provides.As shown in Figure 1, correlation technique uses planar optical waveguide
Technique makes, and coupler gradually broadens from one end A to other end B width, then the sectional dimension of coupler is from one end A to the other end
B becomes larger, and small sectional dimension has big mould spot, and big sectional dimension has small mould spot, due to the one of coupler
End is small compared with the other end, it is possible to the light of big mould spot is received, and the other end mould spot of coupler is smaller, and light can be passed to small mould
In the biography optical medium of spot, it is achieved thereby that big optical transport between mould spot medium and small mould spot medium.Pass through the width of coupler
Gradual design so that light completes to gradual change the variation of mould spot in coupling device, avoids the light loss that violent mould spot variation generates.
However, the size of coupler one end A cannot accomplish in practice it is unlimited small, so it couples the energy of big mould spot light
Power is limited, and inventor proposes improvement project for the big mould spot light that correlation technique can not couple：It can be with to the coupling of light
It is carried out by the way of superposition, i.e., is superimposed the mould spot to form a bigger, the end of two end faces than one using multiple small end faces
Face can couple the mould spot of bigger, and multiple end faces can couple the mould spot of bigger than single end face, so coupling the end of big mould spot
Face is at least two.
In corresponding technical solution, at least two coupling cores are set, closing light is decoupled by one end of two coupling cores；Specifically,
Three coupling cores can be set, and three coupling cores are distributed in isosceles triangle.
However, during more than two end coupling light, light is coupled into multi beam respectively, and coupler final output is a branch of
Light, so the superposition of this quantity can not realize the original purpose of coupler.
In this regard, inventor further changes designing scheme, light beam will be merged into the light of coupling core.Corresponding skill
In art scheme, transmission core is set, purpose is that the light of at least two coupling cores is inputted same transmission core.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of coupler, including substrate；Positioned at the sandwich layer of substrate surface；Sandwich layer includes transmission core
And at least two coupling core；Coupling core gradually broadens and then becomes narrow gradually from one end to the other end, and transmission core is from one end to another
End gradually broadens, and the other end of at least two coupling cores surrounds one end of transmission core, and one end of at least two coupling cores does not surround
Transmit core；Covering, wraps up sandwich layer, and the refractive index of covering is less than the refractive index of sandwich layer.
The covering of sandwich layer is wrapped up, refractive index is less than sandwich layer so that light is totally reflected in sandwich layer and clad interface, will
Light constraint is transmitted in the core；
Sandwich layer is located at substrate surface, and the light of big mould spot, one end phase of at least two coupling cores are received by one end of sandwich layer coupling core
Superposition improves the ability of the big mould spot of coupler match；
Coupling core gradually broadens and then becomes narrow gradually from one end to the other end, and coupling core is reflected during gradually changing
The change of rate so that coupling core can be departed from by coupling the light of core；
It and couples core and surrounds transmission core so that the light for departing from coupling core enters transmission core；
The mould spot of coupling core becomes larger in the other end, adds the area that coupling core spot is overlapped with transmitting core spot, improves
It is coupled into the efficiency of transmission core；
Transmission core gradually broadens from one end to the other end, and big mould spot at one end is beneficial to light of the coupling from coupling core, gradually
During change mould spot taper into so as to external connection；
Using the optical module of above-mentioned coupler scheme, the mould spot of bigger can be matched in optical coupling, while reduces light loss.
Fig. 2 is a kind of coupler structure schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention carries
The coupler of confession includes substrate 101, sandwich layer 102 and covering 103.Sandwich layer 102 is located at 101 surface of substrate, and covering 103 wraps up sandwich layer
102, the refractive index of covering 103 is less than the refractive index of sandwich layer 102.
Set sandwich layer, covering that there is different refractive index, light is totally reflected, is transmitted in the core so as to constrain.
Fig. 3 is photo-coupler explosive view provided in an embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 3, there is core on the surface of substrate 101
Layer 102 includes transmission core 202 and two coupling cores 201, and covering 103 is in the external package sandwich layer of sandwich layer 102.
Fig. 4 is the top view of coupler sandwich layer shown in Fig. 3.As shown in figure 4, coupler includes the first coupling core and the second coupling
Core is closed, the first coupling core first gradually broadens and then becomes narrow gradually from one end 201A to other end 201B, and second couples core from one end
203A first gradually broadens and then becomes narrow gradually to other end 203B；Transmission core gradually broadens from one end 202A to other end 202B.
The other end 203B of the coupling cores of other end 201B and second of first coupling core surrounds one end 202A of transmission core, the
One end 203A of the coupling cores of one end 201A and second of one coupling core does not surround transmission core.
The one end for coupling the other end and transmission core of core carries out the coupling of light, and couples one end of core for receiving light, has
Body, the light that 201A is transmitted couples at 201B with 202A, and the light that 203A is transmitted couples at 203B with 202A, so by 201B
And 203B surrounds 202A.The coupling core for surrounding transmission core can be three or 4, and specifically, coupling core is different
In space layer, core is transmitted from spatially surrounding.
Specifically, each coupling core of coupling is participated in, width is become larger from one end to the other end, then gradually become again
It is small, intermediate wide two sections of narrow structures are formed, gradual design so that the refractive index for coupling core is changed, and the variation of mould spot
First to taper into, then become larger by small.
The purpose of gradual change is to change the refractive index of coupling core.If being of same size for coupling core, couples the refractive index of core not
Becoming, then light will be constrained in coupling core and can not spread out of, and cannot be introduced into transmission core, and when the refractive index of coupling core changes
When, light can be spread out of from coupling core.
Since one end size of coupling core is smaller, can not be become narrow gradually in technique on the basis of reduced size, institute
It can only gradually be broadened since one end with coupling core.
It couples core and surrounds transmission core so that transmission core can be entered by departing from the light of coupling core.
Core is coupled at one end to during other end gradual change, there is a boundary G, in coupling core one end（201A、203A）With
Demarcate between G, the trend gradually to broaden is presented, demarcate G with coupling the core other end in coupling core（201B、203B）Between, it presents
The trend become narrow gradually, transmitting one end 202A of core needs to be arranged on boundary G with coupling the core other end（201B、203B）It
Between.
Boundary can be one section of region or the line of demarcation coupled on core.
It couples core and transmits the coupling between core, be to couple core other end mould spot with transmitting overlapping for core one end mould spot, coupling
It closes core to become becoming narrow gradually from gradually broadening, is in order to increase the mould spot of the coupling core other end, to increase and transmit core one end mould
The area that spot overlaps, to improve coupling efficiency.
If one end 202A for transmitting core is located between coupling core one end and boundary, the area that mould spot overlaps is smaller,
Coupling efficiency is very low.
If the other end for coupling core is not the trend become narrow gradually, the core other end is coupled with transmitting the mould spot of core one end
Coincidence is smaller, couples the length of core and transmission core and can just obtain preferable coupling effect very greatly, this is unfavorable for industry in fact
It is existing.
Participate in the transmission core of coupling, width becomes larger from one end to the other end, the variation of this original mold spot be by greatly by
Gradual change is small, to match the mould spot for other biography optical mediums being connected with transmitting core.
Usually, in order to realize higher coupling efficiency, small size is made in the one end for transmitting core as far as possible, with raising and coupling
Close the area that core spot overlaps, but optical fiber etc. passes the relatively large sized of optical medium, transmission core need by size gradation to
The biography optical medium such as optical fiber is identical, so the width of transmission core is become larger from one end to the other end, then width remains unchanged.
Specifically, transmission core gradually broadens from one end 202A to other end 202B, is remained unchanged in 202C peak widths.
On the basis of planar optical waveguide technique, the height of coupling core and transmission core is essentially identical, in order to further opposite
The size of coupling core one end is reduced, the one end for coupling core is designed to double-layer structure, that is, the one end for coupling core is divided into first layer and the
Two layers, for first layer between the second layer and substrate, first layer protrudes from the second layer to outside direction.First layer as a result,
End face be entire coupling core minimum end face, the design not being layered increases mode spot-size.
Light mainly is received from coupling core one end in the embodiment of the present application, finally from the angle description of transmission core other end light extraction
The purpose of design and effect of coupler, this angle are not intended to limit the technical solution of the application protection；According to the reversible original of light path
Reason, those skilled in the art, which are readily appreciated that from the transmission core other end, receives light, finally from the technology for one end light extraction for coupling core
Principle.
Fig. 5 is one core structure schematic diagram of coupler of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in figure 5, coupling core is divided into first layer 401
And the second layer 402.First layer 401 protrudes from coupling core body compared with the second layer 402, and the end face of first layer 401 is compared with the
Two layer 402 of end face protrudes, and the light for being transmitted to coupling core first passes to the end face of first layer 401.Layering, which is provided projectingly, to be further reduced
The size of coupling core one end, improves the ability for coupling big mould spot light.Due to being made of planar optical waveguide technique, it is difficult to real
Core one end is now coupled in width and short transverse while gradual change, so being designed as in width gradual change, is layered in short transverse,
It is relatively small so as to highlight the end face of first layer 401.
Coupling core spatially surrounds transmission core, on the one hand coupling the distribution of core will consider to need the mould spot of the light coupled,
On the other hand it is also required to consider the distance between transmission core, for the distance for shortening coupling core with transmitting core, couples the one of core
Bending part is designed between end and the other end, the other end for making coupling core is close to transmission core direction.
Fig. 6 is another core structure schematic diagram of coupler of the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in fig. 6, coupling core includes coupling core
One end 201A, bending part 303 and coupling core other end 201B, the connection of bending part 303 coupling core one end and the coupling core other end.Coupling
Core one end 201A is closed away from core 202 is transmitted relatively far away from, by bending part 303 extending direction of coupling core is made to make close to transmission core
The other end 201B of coupling core is relatively close to transmission core 202.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of optical module, and including above-mentioned coupler, coupler can be used for sending out in laser
What is gone out is optically coupled in optical fiber, can also be by being optically coupled in optical detector from optical fiber, can also be inside optical module not
With the linking that light is realized between the biography optical medium of mould spot.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It still may be used
To modify to the technical solution recorded in foregoing embodiments or carry out equivalent substitution to which part technical characteristic；
And these modification or replace, do not make appropriate technical solution essence depart from various embodiments of the present invention technical solution spirit and
Scope.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of coupler, which is characterized in that including
Substrate；
Positioned at the sandwich layer of the substrate surface；
The sandwich layer includes transmission core and at least two coupling cores；
The coupling core gradually broadens and then becomes narrow gradually from one end to the other end, and the transmission core is gradual from one end to the other end
It broadens, the other end of at least two couplings core surrounds one end of the transmission core, one end of at least two couplings core
The transmission core is not surrounded；
Covering, wraps up the sandwich layer, and the refractive index of the covering is less than the refractive index of the sandwich layer.
2. coupler as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that one end of the coupling core is divided into first layer and the second layer,
For the first layer between the second layer and the substrate, the first layer protrudes from the second layer to outside direction.
3. coupler as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that there is bending between one end of the coupling core and the other end
Portion.
4. the coupler as described in Claims 2 or 3 is any, which is characterized in that the transmission core further includes connecting portion, the company
Socket part is wide.
5. a kind of optical module, which is characterized in that including power 1 to any coupler of power 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711268559.2A CN108107508A (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | A kind of coupler and optical module |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711268559.2A CN108107508A (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | A kind of coupler and optical module |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108107508A true CN108107508A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
Family
ID=62208968
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711268559.2A Withdrawn CN108107508A (en) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | A kind of coupler and optical module |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN108107508A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116840987A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-10-03 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | End face coupler, optical chip, laser radar and movable equipment |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4932032A (en) * | 1989-08-03 | 1990-06-05 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Tapered semiconductor waveguides |
| JPH06174982A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1994-06-24 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical coupling device |
| US20040017976A1 (en) * | 2000-12-14 | 2004-01-29 | Hui Luo | Optical waveguide termination with vertical and horizontal mode shaping |
| US6697392B2 (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2004-02-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Single wavelength laser module |
| CN1589415A (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2005-03-02 | 希普雷公司 | Optical waveguide termination with vertical and horizontal mode shaping |
| WO2017137007A1 (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-17 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Waveguide structure for oprical coupling |
-
2017
- 2017-12-05 CN CN201711268559.2A patent/CN108107508A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4932032A (en) * | 1989-08-03 | 1990-06-05 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Tapered semiconductor waveguides |
| JPH06174982A (en) * | 1992-12-03 | 1994-06-24 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical coupling device |
| US20040017976A1 (en) * | 2000-12-14 | 2004-01-29 | Hui Luo | Optical waveguide termination with vertical and horizontal mode shaping |
| CN1589415A (en) * | 2001-12-05 | 2005-03-02 | 希普雷公司 | Optical waveguide termination with vertical and horizontal mode shaping |
| US6697392B2 (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2004-02-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Single wavelength laser module |
| WO2017137007A1 (en) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-08-17 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Waveguide structure for oprical coupling |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116840987A (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-10-03 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | End face coupler, optical chip, laser radar and movable equipment |
| CN116840987B (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-12-12 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | Optical chip, laser radar and mobile device |
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Application publication date: 20180601 |