CN108097861B - Method for forging large-sized short and thick steel ingot - Google Patents
Method for forging large-sized short and thick steel ingot Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108097861B CN108097861B CN201711469866.7A CN201711469866A CN108097861B CN 108097861 B CN108097861 B CN 108097861B CN 201711469866 A CN201711469866 A CN 201711469866A CN 108097861 B CN108097861 B CN 108097861B
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- steel ingot
- sleeve
- clamp handle
- forging
- ingot
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/08—Accessories for handling work or tools
- B21J13/10—Manipulators
- B21J13/12—Turning means
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for forging large-scale short and thick steel ingots, and belongs to the field of forging processing. The used equipment comprises a forging press, a upender and auxiliary devices thereof, wherein the auxiliary devices are that a clamp handle sleeve and a steel ingot sleeve are arranged at two ends of a connecting rod; during forging, a steel ingot sleeve is firstly used for sheathing the steel ingot, the auxiliary device and the steel ingot are hoisted by a hanging chain of a turnover machine, and the steel ingot is pressed out of a clamp handle; during the drawing process, the clamp handle is sleeved by the clamp handle sleeve, the auxiliary device and the steel ingot are hoisted by a hanging chain of the turnover machine, and then the drawing operation is carried out on the forging press. The invention can finish the forging of the large-tonnage steel ingot without using an operating machine or an operating machine with small moment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hot working method, in particular to a method for forging a large steel ingot by using a small machine.
Background
When a large forging piece is forged, a large four-column press or an inclined two-column press is generally used as a forging press, and a large operation machine is required to clamp the forging piece during forging production to realize the overturning and moving of the forging piece, so that the clamping force of the operation machine needs to be large enough. When the steel ingot of a large roller is forged, sometimes a upender needs to be used in cooperation, and a steel wire rope or a hanging chain on the upender is used for sleeving the steel ingot to realize the overturning and moving of the steel ingot in the forging process. If the tonnage and the clamping moment of the manipulator are too small, the steel ingot cannot be moved or clamped, and when the horizontal distance between the outer edge of the forging press and the center of the hammer anvil is larger, the chain of the upender cannot hang the steel ingot, particularly the steel ingot after the upsetting process or the roller steel ingot with short shape, and the upender cannot be matched with the manipulator for use, so that normal forging cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forging auxiliary device suitable for being used by matching a small-moment manipulator and a upender and a method for forging shaft forgings by using the device.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for forging large-scale short and thick steel ingots uses equipment comprising a forging press and a upender, and also uses an auxiliary device, wherein the auxiliary device comprises a clamp handle sleeve and a steel ingot sleeve, and the clamp handle sleeve and the steel ingot sleeve are connected by a connecting rod; during forging, the bottom end of a steel ingot is sleeved by a steel ingot sleeve of the auxiliary device, a hanging chain of the turnover machine is sleeved at the gravity center position between the steel ingot sleeve and the clamp handle sleeve, which is close to the total weight of the steel ingot and the auxiliary device, the auxiliary device and the steel ingot are lifted by the turnover machine, and the steel ingot is pressed out of the clamp handle on a forging press; during the drawing process, the clamp handle is sleeved by the clamp handle sleeve, a hanging chain of the turnover machine is sleeved at the gravity center position between the clamp handle sleeve and the steel ingot sleeve, which is close to the total weight of the steel ingot and the auxiliary device, the auxiliary device and the steel ingot are lifted by the turnover machine, and the drawing operation is carried out on a forging press.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and upsetting the steel ingot after pressing out the clamp handle, and sleeving the clamp handle sleeve on the clamp handle after upsetting to perform drawing operation.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and in the drawing process, the main roller part and the small roller neck are drawn out, and then the small roller neck is stretched into a clamp handle sleeve of the auxiliary device to draw the other end of the steel ingot.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and when the other end of the steel ingot is drawn out, an operation machine is used for clamping the clamp handle to assist in overturning.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the shape of an inner hole of the steel ingot sleeve is matched with the size of the taper of the bottom end of the steel ingot, and the length of the steel ingot sleeve matched with the bottom end of the steel ingot is 1/2-2/3 of the steel ingot; the connecting rod is connected with the steel ingot sleeve and the clamp handle sleeve by inserting the connecting rod into inner holes of the steel ingot sleeve and the clamp handle sleeve, and the steel ingot sleeve and the clamp handle sleeve are stepped holes.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the connecting rod is locked by a pin shaft after being inserted into holes of the steel ingot sleeve and the clamp handle sleeve.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the technical progress that:
the auxiliary device is used on a turning machine, can lift short and thick steel ingots, and realizes the purposes of clamping handles, chamfering, rounding, drawing and forging step shafts of the steel ingots. After the auxiliary device is used, the suspension chain of the upender is hung at a proper position, the suspension chain is driven by a motor of the upender to rotate so as to realize blank overturning, and the forging of a large-tonnage steel ingot can be finished without using an operating machine or using an operating machine with small moment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the auxiliary device cooperating with the ingot during forging of the pliers grip;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the auxiliary device cooperating with the ingot during elongation;
figures 3 and 4 are schematic views of the auxiliary device in cooperation with the ingot when forging the ingot into a roll blank;
the steel ingot drawing device comprises a clamp handle sleeve 1, a clamp handle sleeve 2, a connecting rod 3, a steel ingot sleeve 4, a steel ingot 5, an upset steel ingot 6, a blank in the drawing process 7, a hanging chain 8, a small roll neck 9 and a clamp handle.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
some large ingots are thick but short, and the shape is the cast ingot for producing large parts such as rollers and the like during casting. When the steel ingot is forged, when the used forging manipulator has small tonnage and insufficient clamping force, the manipulator cannot overturn the steel ingot, and a steel wire rope or a hanging chain of the upender cannot sleeve the steel ingot under the influence of a forging press, so the steel ingot cannot be forged.
The forging method is used for forging the short and thick large steel ingot with large weight, and the used equipment comprises a forging press, an operating machine and a upender, and in addition, an auxiliary device matched with the upender is used for overturning the steel ingot. The auxiliary device comprises a clamp handle sleeve 1 and a steel ingot sleeve 3, and the clamp handle sleeve 1 is connected with the steel ingot sleeve 3 through a connecting rod 2. The connecting rod 2 can be connected with the steel ingot sleeve 3 and the clamp handle sleeve 1 in a welding mode, but the steel ingot sleeve 3 and the clamp handle sleeve 1 are preferably made into a shape with a stepped hole, through holes are drilled in the stepped hole positions of the steel ingot sleeve 3 and the clamp handle sleeve 1 and the connecting rod 2, the connecting rod 2 is inserted into the small diameter of the inner hole of the steel ingot sleeve 3 and the clamp handle sleeve 1 and then is inserted into the through holes through a pin shaft, and the connecting rod 2, the steel ingot sleeve 3 and the clamp handle sleeve 1 are locked.
The shape (the large diameter part) of the inner hole of the steel ingot sleeve 3 is a horn mouth shape and is matched with the taper size of the bottom end (the end opposite to the casting head) of the steel ingot 4, the length of the steel ingot sleeve 3 matched with the bottom end of the steel ingot is 1/2-2/3, and more than half of the steel ingot is sleeved by the steel ingot sleeve 3. The diameter of an inner hole (a large-diameter part) of the clamp handle sleeve 1 is matched with a clamp handle 9 or a small roll neck 8 of a roll; if the diameters of the small roll necks at the two ends of the roll are divided into different sizes, one end of the clamp handle 9 can be used as one end of the roll neck with smaller diameter to be forged in the following process.
The process of forging the cast ingot into a roll blank can be divided into four fire times and carried out according to the following procedures: firstly, a steel ingot is placed in a furnace to be heated to the initial forging temperature and heat preservation is completed, then primary forging is carried out, when forging, the bottom end (the end opposite to a casting head) of the steel ingot 4 is sleeved by a steel ingot sleeve 3 of an auxiliary device, a hanging chain 7 of a turnover machine is sleeved between the steel ingot sleeve 3 and a clamp handle sleeve 1, the position where the hanging chain 7 is contacted with the auxiliary device is close to the gravity center position of the whole weight of the steel ingot and the auxiliary device, namely when the steel ingot and the auxiliary device are integrally hung by the turnover machine, the two ends of the steel ingot and the auxiliary device can be mutually balanced to basically keep balance, the auxiliary device and the steel ingot are hung by starting the turnover machine, a clamp handle is pressed out at one end of the casting head of the steel ingot by a forging press, the clamp handle is cut flat, and redundant corner materials at the tail. At the moment, the ingot body of the steel ingot can be chamfered and the outer surface can be rounded. During these operations, the ingot can be made to rotate freely by means of the rotation-assisting device.
After the above operation is completed, the steel ingot may be heated for the second time, and then an upsetting operation may be performed. And after the first fire is pressed out of the clamp handle, the auxiliary device is removed from the steel ingot, the steel ingot is hoisted into the furnace again for heating, the heated steel ingot is erected on an anvil of the forging press, one end of the steel ingot with the clamp handle faces downwards, the clamp handle is sleeved in a hole of the backing ring, and upsetting operation is carried out on the steel ingot. The upsetting operation needs to consider reaching a certain upsetting ratio and considering the drawing ratio to determine a proper upsetting diameter. After the upsetting, the drawing operation is performed.
In the drawing process, the clamp handle is sleeved by the clamp handle sleeve 1 of the auxiliary device, the hanging chain 7 of the turnover machine is sleeved between the clamp handle sleeve 1 and the steel ingot sleeve 3, the position of the hanging chain 7 is also close to the gravity center position of the whole weight of the steel ingot and the auxiliary device, the auxiliary device and the steel ingot are hoisted by the turnover machine, the whole body of the steel ingot and the auxiliary device is balanced, and then the drawing operation is carried out on the bottom end of the steel ingot on a forging press. Heating the steel ingot for the third time before drawing, adopting a wide anvil strong force pressing forging method to integrally draw for drawing when drawing is carried out after the third fire is kept warm, then drawing out a main roll neck and a small roll neck, wherein the size of the small roll neck is matched with that of a clamp handle sleeve, and cutting off the residual material at the bottom end of the small roll neck after drawing is finished.
After the main roll part and the small roll neck are pulled out, the fourth fire heating can be carried out, after the heating is finished, the forged small roll neck is inserted into the clamp handle sleeve 1 of the auxiliary device, the other end (namely one end with the clamp handle) of the steel ingot is pulled out, finally the forging forming of the roll body (the main roll part) and the small roll neck at the other end is finished, and the excess material at the head part of the clamp handle (namely the small roll neck) is cut off. When the other end of the steel ingot is pulled out, an operator can be used for clamping the clamp handle to perform auxiliary overturning on the roller blank.
Claims (6)
1. A method for forging large-scale short and coarse steel ingots uses equipment comprising a forging press and a upender, and is characterized in that: an auxiliary device is also used, the auxiliary device comprises a clamp handle sleeve (1) and a steel ingot sleeve (3), and the clamp handle sleeve (1) and the steel ingot sleeve (3) are connected through a connecting rod (2); during forging, the bottom end of a steel ingot (4) is sleeved by a steel ingot sleeve (3) of the auxiliary device, a hanging chain (7) of the turnover machine is sleeved at the gravity center position between the steel ingot sleeve (3) and the clamp handle sleeve (1) and close to the total weight of the steel ingot and the auxiliary device, the auxiliary device and the steel ingot are lifted by the turnover machine and the steel ingot is pressed out of a clamp handle (9) on a forging press; during the drawing process, the clamp handle (9) is sleeved by the clamp handle sleeve (1), a hanging chain (7) of the turnover machine is sleeved at the gravity center position between the clamp handle sleeve (1) and the steel ingot sleeve (3) and close to the whole weight of the steel ingot and the auxiliary device, and the auxiliary device and the steel ingot are lifted by the turnover machine and are drawn on a forging press.
2. A method of forging a large ingot of short bloom as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: upsetting the steel ingot after pressing out the clamp handle, and sleeving the clamp handle sleeve (1) on the clamp handle after upsetting to perform drawing operation.
3. A method of forging a large ingot of short bloom as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: in the drawing process, the main roller part and the small roller neck are drawn out, and then the small roller neck is stretched into a clamp handle sleeve (1) of the auxiliary device to draw the other end of the steel ingot.
4. A method of forging a large ingot of short bloom as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: and when the other end of the steel ingot is drawn out, an operation machine is used for clamping the clamp handle to assist in overturning.
5. A method of forging a large ingot of short bloom as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the shape of an inner hole of the steel ingot sleeve (3) is matched with the size of the taper at the bottom end of the steel ingot (4), and the length of the steel ingot sleeve (3) matched with the bottom end of the steel ingot is 1/2-2/3; the connecting rod (2) is connected with the steel ingot sleeve (3) and the clamp handle sleeve (1) by inserting the connecting rod (2) into inner holes of the steel ingot sleeve (3) and the clamp handle sleeve (1), and the steel ingot sleeve (3) and the clamp handle sleeve (1) are stepped holes.
6. A method of forging a large ingot of short bloom as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the connecting rod (2) is inserted into holes of the steel ingot sleeve (3) and the clamp handle sleeve (1) and then locked by a pin shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711469866.7A CN108097861B (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | Method for forging large-sized short and thick steel ingot |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711469866.7A CN108097861B (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | Method for forging large-sized short and thick steel ingot |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108097861A CN108097861A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
| CN108097861B true CN108097861B (en) | 2020-07-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201711469866.7A Active CN108097861B (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | Method for forging large-sized short and thick steel ingot |
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Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110092296A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2019-08-06 | 上海二十冶建设有限公司 | Suspender and its application method for furnace roller lifting |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PL78514B1 (en) * | 1972-12-07 | 1975-06-30 | ||
| CN101293269B (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2011-02-09 | 江阴风电法兰制造有限公司 | Non-flash groove, non ingot tail smithing method for large-scale wind power principal axle |
| CN102049454A (en) * | 2009-10-27 | 2011-05-11 | 鞍钢重型机械有限责任公司 | Method for forging by using tilting gear and manipulation trolley instead of sleeve for turning steel ingot |
| CN102659016A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-09-12 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Chain wheel sling for forging crane |
| CN104107872B (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2016-10-05 | 宝钢特钢有限公司 | Forging press large-scale steel ingot method for upsetting |
| CN103523678B (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-04-08 | 太原重工股份有限公司 | Crane |
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