CN108097047A - A kind of dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentrates film group device - Google Patents
A kind of dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentrates film group device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108097047A CN108097047A CN201711333319.6A CN201711333319A CN108097047A CN 108097047 A CN108097047 A CN 108097047A CN 201711333319 A CN201711333319 A CN 201711333319A CN 108097047 A CN108097047 A CN 108097047A
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- alkaline
- sodium hydroxide
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- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 164
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- GVJINIPSNVBILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ta].[Ru].[Pt] Chemical compound [Ta].[Ru].[Pt] GVJINIPSNVBILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002848 Pt–Ru Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 SO42- Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001634 calcium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020243 first infant milk formula Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001741 organic sulfur group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001948 sodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/46—Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/44—Ion-selective electrodialysis
- B01D61/445—Ion-selective electrodialysis with bipolar membranes; Water splitting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/42—Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis ; Electro-ultrafiltration; Membrane capacitive deionization
- B01D61/56—Electro-osmotic dewatering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D1/00—Oxides or hydroxides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D1/04—Hydroxides
- C01D1/42—Concentration; Dehydration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/23—Specific membrane protectors, e.g. sleeves or screens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/34—Energy carriers
- B01D2313/345—Electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/30—Chemical resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/42—Ion-exchange membranes
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of chemical processing device, in particular to a kind of dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentration film group device.Film group in the present invention is sequentially overlapped and is formed by platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode, homogeneous alkaline-resisting cavity block, the alkaline-resisting partition plate of elasticity, equal phase resistance alkali anode membrane;Pole liquid stream guidance tape is placed with respectively in two outsides of film group, then is fixed in the both sides of pole liquid stream guidance tape by clamping steel plate by fastening bolt;Anolyte import, catholyte import, anolyte outlet, catholyte outlet are offered on the liquid stream guidance tape of pole;The external diluted acid import of anolyte import, the external concentrated acid import of catholyte import, the external light liquid outlet of anolyte outlet, catholyte export external concentrated acid outlet;Close to the external anode terminal of platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode of homogeneous alkaline-resisting cavity block, close to the external anode terminal of platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode of equal phase resistance alkali anode membrane.It is an advantage of the invention that using these high performance homogeneous ion-exchange membranes, greatly improve the concentration of concentrated sodium hydroxide, and little power consumption, speed are fast.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of chemical processing device, in particular to a kind of dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentration film group devices.
Background technology
Development, the contradiction of water resources problems, especially shortage of water resources and socio-economic development are fully exposed.
The whole nation is every year on average because of about 400,000,000 mu disaster-stricken of area of drought.Annual 300 billion cubic meter of water shortage in normal year whole nation irrigated area, city lacks
60 billion cubic meter of water.While water shortage, also there is serious water waste, National Agricultural irrigation water usage factor is most
Only 0.4, and many countries have reached 0.7~0.8;China's ten thousand yuan of output value water consumptions of industry are 103 cubic metres, are developed countries
10~20 times, recycling rate of waterused China of water is 50% or so, and developed country is more than 85%.Inefficient is caused with water
Substantial amounts of effluent sewage discharge, whole nation year effluent sewage total emission volumn is up to 62,000,000,000 m at present3, major part is unprocessed to be directly discharged into
River, river, lake, storehouse make China river basin generally be contaminated, and in development trend.China passes through caused by water pollution every year
Ji loss accounts for the 1.5%-3.0% of GDP.Using water wisely, clean manufacturing have important for the economic sustainable development in China
Strategic importance.
The water consumption of thermal power industry ranks five high water usage industries (thermal power generation, weaving, papermaking, steel and oil
Chemical industry) first of, water consumption accounts for more than the 50% of national industrial water total amount.National water total amount control is in 6350 billion cubic meters
Within, national ten thousand yuan of GDP water consumptions are reduced to less than 105 cubic metres, decline 30% than 2010;Ten thousand yuan of industrial added values are used
Water is reduced to 63 cubic metres, and more than 30% was reduced than 2010.
National the planned city water supply network is averaged leak rate no more than 18%;Sea water desalination, reclaimed wastewater reuse, rainwater accumulating
Fresh fresh water amount is substituted using the unconventional water utilization year such as, mine drainage utilization to reach more than 100 billion cubic meters.By 2015,
It is required that accomplishing direct cooling water withdrawal zero growth rate, unit generated energy water withdrawal drops to (after deducting once-through cooling water) 29.9m3/
Ten thousand kilowatt hours (equivalent power generation water consumption index is 0.833m3/ (GW.s)).Due to the water resource spatial distribution and Annual distribution in China
Extremely unbalanced, the 8I% integrated distributions of gross amount of water resources are in the Changjiang river and its areas to the south, the precipitation quantity set of annual 60%-80%
In 4 months flood seasons, the result is that the northern area of China especially Huang, Huaihe River, the wide geographic area of extra large three basins, 9 provinces and cities seriously lack
Water.Therefore, the thermal power plant in areas of serious is necessarily required by the power generation water consumption index control lower than average national level
Water consumption processed, most of power plant are required to accomplish waste water zero emission.
Wastewater zero discharge (Zero Liquid Discharge, abbreviation ZLD), has been first by economy since the 1970's
What developed country proposed, and studied and applies, at present still in the comprehensive application technology constantly to improve.ZLD is generally referred to
Factory with water in addition to the natural loss such as evaporation, wind, all (passing through various processing) recycled in factory, outwards do not arrange
What waste water is let alone, the salt accumulated in water circulation system is discharged in solid form by evaporating, crystallizing.Because thermal power plant's water consumption
Greatly, and there is substantial amounts of remaining (useless) heat for utilizing, thus the main application fields of ZLD are thermal power plants.China's power industry
Since " 95 " (1995-2000).Start to throw in the case where the situation of water scarcity and the getting worse of water pollution situation forces
Enter the experimental study that strength carries out ZLD, and start the practical application in thermal power plant.Up to the present, have ten Yu Jia thermal power plants
The ZLD of different modes is implemented, is essentially all to handle with the draining of reuse recirculated water as main contents.It is run from having been put into
ZLD system operational effect from the point of view of can obtain preferable water-saving result, some power plant really can therefore and accomplish not discharge times
What waste water.However, being compared with international most advanced level, China is existing and steady in design rationality, operation in the ZLD system built
There are larger gaps for qualitative, operational effect etc..Yet there are problems that some have much room for improvement simultaneously.
The high slat-containing wastewater of thermal power plant mainly has resin regeneration acid, alkali waste water and desulfurization wastewater, most common way at present
It is that high slat-containing wastewater is used for grey storehouse stirring and coal yard spray, but this can influence the reuse quality of lime-ash and coal yard and defeated coal measures again
The spray operation of system.In fact this kind of reuse mode does not solve the problems, such as the reuse of high slat-containing wastewater fundamentally, simply marries again
To other systems.
Although domestic each power plant desulfurization water quality is different, overall apparently to have the characteristics that:1) it is in faintly acid;2) huge sum of money
It is high to belong to content;3) salinity is high, and chlorion is high, accelerates corrosion rate;4) contain a large amount of raw incrustation ions, contain in recovered water
The easy incrustation ion such as SO42-, CO3-, Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+;5) suspension content is high, particle is tiny.
For power plant desulfurization wastewater, generally in acid (pH4~6), suspended matter in 9000~12700mg/L, it is general it is mercurous,
The non-metal contaminants such as the heavy metals such as lead, nickel, zinc and arsenic, fluorine.Due to desulfurization wastewater category faintly acid, therefore many heavy metal ion
There is good dissolubility.So the processing of desulfurization wastewater is mainly with chemistry, mechanical means separating beavy metal and other precipitable
Substance, such as fluoride, sulphite and sulfate.
The discharge characteristics that the typical desulphurization wastewater treatment method of domestic current is all based on desulfurization and dedusting waste water is derived,
For different types of pollutant, respective cutting mechanisms are as follows:
First milk of lime or other alkali electroless reagents are added in waste water (such as:NaOH etc.), pH value is adjusted to 6~7, is
Subsequent treatment process link creates good technical conditions, while can effectively remove fluoride in the link and (generate CaF2 to sink
Form sediment) and part heavy metal.Then milk of lime, organic sulfur and flocculant are added in, pH is risen to 8~9, makes heavy metal with hydroxide
The form of object and sulfide precipitates.
Precipitation separation is a kind of common metal separation, in addition to active metal, is permitted the dissolving of polymetallic hydroxide
Degree is smaller.Therefore desulfurization wastewater, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), generates hydroxide precipitation generally using soluble hydroxide is added in
Carry out separation of heavy metal ions.It is noted that due under different pH value, the solubility product difference of metal hydroxides compared with
Greatly, therefore when reacting its pH value should strictly be controlled.
In desulfurization wastewater processing, between general control pH value 8.5~9.0, some heavy metals can be made in the range of this,
Such as iron, copper, lead, nickel and chromium generation hydroxide precipitation.It is general using addition dissolvable sulfide for heavy metals such as mercury, copper
Such as vulcanized sodium (Na2S), to generate Hg2S, the precipitations such as CuS, both deposit solubility all very littles, the solubility product order of magnitude exist
Between 1040~1050.
For mercury using vulcanized sodium, as long as addition is less than 1mg/LS2-, so that it may work is generated to the mercury for being less than 10 μ g/L concentration
With.In order to improve heavy metal precipitation process, a kind of mud that can well precipitate is prepared, generally usable trivalent iron salt such as FeCl3
And the generally flocculant of anion state.Pass through more than two-stage treatment, you can make heavy metal qualified discharge.
Also some techniques, with Ca (OH)2Instead of NaOH, CaF is generated simultaneously in reaction process2、CaSO3、CaSO4Precipitation
Object, to separate the salts substances such as fluoride, sulphite, sulfate.It is public using the Polish RAFAKO of Steinmullerj technologies
Department thinks, uses Ca (OH)2Solution, by adding the also precipitable CaCl of flocculant, flocculation aid2Separate Cl-.In addition, some public affairs of Germany
Department substitutes Na using the TMT (Trimer~capto-trianzin) for equally having selection index system2S precipitates mercury, this technique
It is relatively easy to operate.
The content of the invention
The main object of the present invention, which is that exploitation is a kind of, to be carried out being concentrated into more than 20% to the dilute sodium hydroxide of 0.01-10%
Homogeneous membrane electrodialysis film group device.The present invention also aims to provide a kind of dilute sodium hydroxide that can carry out economic environmental protection
The operating parameter of electrodialysis concentration.
The present invention is achieved by following technical proposals:
A kind of dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentrates film group device, including alkaline-resisting electrode, alkaline-resisting composite diaphragm, alkaline-resisting cavity block, resistance
Alkali anode membrane, which is characterized in that film group by platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode, homogeneous alkaline-resisting cavity block, the alkaline-resisting partition plate of elasticity, equal phase resistance alkali anode membrane successively
Superposition composition;Film group in the present invention can be one or more groups of;
Pole liquid stream guidance tape is placed with respectively in two outsides of film group, then is passed through in the both sides of pole liquid stream guidance tape by clamping steel plate
Fastening bolt is fixed;
Anolyte import, catholyte import, anolyte outlet, catholyte outlet are offered on the liquid stream guidance tape of pole;
The external diluted acid import of anolyte import, the external concentrated acid import of catholyte import, the external light liquid outlet of anolyte outlet,
Catholyte exports external concentrated acid outlet;Close to the external anode terminal of platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode of homogeneous alkaline-resisting cavity block, close to equal phase resistance
The external anode terminal of platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode of alkali anode membrane.
Preferably, platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode is that titanium applies tantalum platinum ruthenium in a kind of above-mentioned dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentration film group device
Electrode.As more preferably selecting, the titanium applies the titanium plate that tantalum Pt-Ru electrode uses 0.5-2 millimeters thicks, through being cleaned by ultrasonic, hydrofluoric acid
After cleaning, then after being surface-treated with oxalic acid, primary coat is carried out with platinum, platinum coating layer thickness is 0.5-2 microns;With oxidation after platinum primary coat
Tantalum, ruthenium-oxide carry out coating and are simultaneously sintered, altogether ten formation electrode surface coatings of coating and sintering, wherein tantalum oxide, ruthenium-oxide
Mass ratio is 0.01~10:0.01~3;Sintering temperature is 700-1000 DEG C, when each sintering time is 1-5 small.
Preferably, the alkaline-resisting partition plate of elasticity is composite elastic in a kind of above-mentioned dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentration film group device
Partition plate is made by PP, PTFE.As more preferably selecting, composite elastic partition plate is using PP, PTFE in batches in plasma chamber
One-shaping technique is sprayed in the environment of medium and high temperature, inertia and makes elastic baffle, is 120-220 DEG C in temperature, is first sprayed with PP
Into the shape of partition plate, then with PTFE after ion activation, PTFE is sprayed into the case where temperature is 220-280 DEG C the PP formed just now
It is blended on partition plate;The electrode of gas ions uses high-frequency capacitive lotus root composite electrode, vibration frequency 30-50MC, plasma institute
Oxygen purity is 99.1-99.8%, and the ratio of PTFE is 10%-40%.
Preferably, homogeneous alkaline-resisting cavity block is connect using perfluor in a kind of above-mentioned dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentration film group device
Branch cavity block;Equal phase resistance alkali anode membrane uses resistance as 4.4-4.7 Ω cm2, rupture strength is not less than 0.4MPa, and thickness is
0.19—0.23mm。
Advantageous effect:Film group device includes alkaline-resisting cavity block, resistance alkali described in a kind of dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentration film group device
Anode membrane, wherein the pure tetrafluoroethylene that it is 0.1-0.15 millimeters using thickness that resistance alkali anode membrane, which is, after irradiation grafting, then is used as counterdie
Anode membrane prepared by impregnated with method, it is 2~4 Ω/cm to control film resistance2, the degree of cross linking is 70~90%, film thickness for 0.1~
0.16mm.Alkaline-resisting anode membrane uses the AHT cavity blocks of ASTOM companies.Using these high performance homogeneous ion-exchange membranes, make concentration hydrogen
The concentration of sodium oxide molybdena greatly improves, and little power consumption, speed are fast.
Description of the drawings
The dilute sodium hydroxide concentration electrodialysis film group device structure front schematic view of Fig. 1 present invention
The dilute sodium hydroxide concentration electrodialysis film group device texture edge schematic diagram of Fig. 2 present invention
(1) anolyte import, (2) homogeneous alkaline-resisting cavity block, the alkaline-resisting partition plate of (3) elasticity, (4) phase resistance alkali anode membrane, (5) are cloudy
Pole liquid import, (6) fastening bolt, (7) diluted acid import, (8) pole liquid stream guidance tape, (9) anode terminal, (10) clamp steel plate,
(11) light liquid outlet, the outlet of (12) concentrated acid, (13) cathode terminal, (14) concentrated acid import, (15) platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode, (16) sun
Pole liquid outlet, the outlet of (17) catholyte;
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the implementation of the present invention is illustrated:
Embodiment 1
The theory structure according to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 installs an electrodialysis dilute sodium hydroxide enrichment facility, including alkaline-resisting electricity
Pole, alkaline-resisting composite diaphragm, alkaline-resisting cavity block, resistance alkali anode membrane, wherein film group are resistance to by platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode 15, homogeneous alkaline-resisting cavity block 2, elasticity
Alkali partition plate 3, equal phase resistance alkali anode membrane 4 are sequentially overlapped composition;Pole liquid stream guidance tape 8 is placed with respectively in two outsides of film group, then in pole
The both sides of liquid stream guidance tape 8 are fixed by clamping steel plate 10 by fastening bolt 6;Anolyte import is offered on pole liquid stream guidance tape 8
1st, catholyte import 5, anolyte outlet 16, catholyte outlet 17;1 external diluted acid import 7 of anolyte import, catholyte import 5
External concentrated acid import 14, the external light liquid outlet 11 of anolyte outlet 16,17 external concentrated acid outlet 12 of catholyte outlet;Close to homogeneous
The 15 external anode terminal 9 of platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode of alkaline-resisting cavity block 2, close to the 15 external sun of platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode of equal phase resistance alkali anode membrane 4
Pole binding post 13.
In the present embodiment, film group device size use 400*800mm, film group device include alkaline-resisting electrode, alkaline-resisting composite diaphragm,
Alkaline-resisting cavity block, resistance alkali anode membrane.After power supply was connected, electrodialysis is entered as water inlet using the dilute sodium hydroxide for containing 2% sodium hydroxide
Light room.Electrodialysis current density is 500A/m2, crossflow velocity 5m/s, electrodialysis operation water temperature is 32 DEG C.It is concentrated through electrodialysis
After operation, the sodium hydroxide fresh water that the fresh water concentration of light room is 0.05% can neutralize discharge, and the naoh concentration of dense room is
20%.Entire dilute sodium hydroxide processing current efficiency is up to 80%, and total energy consumption is 4 degree of electricity/ton dilute sodium hydroxide, significantly less than more
Effect evaporation.
Embodiment 2
The product structure identical with embodiment, film group device size use 400*800mm, and film group device includes alkaline-resisting electrode, resistance to
Alkali composite diaphragm, alkaline-resisting cavity block, resistance alkali anode membrane.Wherein alkaline-resisting electrode platinum primary coat thickness is 1 micron, tantalum oxide, the matter of ruthenium-oxide
Amount ratio is 2:5;Sintering temperature is 800 DEG C, when each sintering time is 4 small.The PP spraying temperatures of partition plate are made as 160 DEG C,
The spraying temperature of PTFE is 230 DEG C, plasma electrode vibration frequency 40MC, and the oxygen purity used in plasma is 99.5%,
The ratio of PTFE is 20%;The film resistance for hindering alkali anode membrane is 3 Ω/cm2, the degree of cross linking 80%, film thickness 0.12mm.Alkaline-resisting the moon
The AHT cavity blocks using ASTOM companies of film.
The light room of electrodialysis is entered as water inlet using the dilute sodium hydroxide for containing 2% sodium hydroxide.Electrodialysis current density is
500A/m2, crossflow velocity 5m/s, electrodialysis operation water temperature is 32 DEG C.After electrodialysis concentration operation, the fresh water concentration of light room
Discharge can be neutralized for 0.05% sodium hydroxide fresh water, the naoh concentration of dense room is 21%.At entire dilute sodium hydroxide
Reason current efficiency is up to 83%, and total energy consumption is 3.8 degree of electricity/ton dilute sodium hydroxide, significantly less than multiple-effect evaporation.
Embodiment 3
The theory structure according to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, installs an electrodialysis dilute sodium hydroxide enrichment facility, and film group device size is adopted
With 400*800mm, film group device includes alkaline-resisting electrode, alkaline-resisting composite diaphragm, alkaline-resisting cavity block, resistance alkali anode membrane.Wherein alkaline-resisting electrode platinum
Primary coat thickness is 1.5 microns, and tantalum oxide, the mass ratio of ruthenium-oxide are 2: 3;Sintering temperature is 850 DEG C, each sintering time
For 3 it is small when.The PP spraying temperatures of partition plate are made as 130 DEG C, the spraying temperature of PTFE is 220 DEG C, plasma electrode vibration frequency
30MC, the ratio that the oxygen purity used in plasma is 99.5%, PTFE are 30%;Hinder alkali anode membrane film resistance for 3.5 Ω/
cm2, the degree of cross linking 85%, film thickness 0.12mm.The AHT cavity blocks using ASTOM companies of alkaline-resisting cavity block.
The light room of electrodialysis is entered as water inlet using the dilute sodium hydroxide for containing 1% sodium hydroxide.Electrodialysis current density is
400A/m2, crossflow velocity 5m/s, electrodialysis operation water temperature is 35 DEG C.After electrodialysis concentration operation, the fresh water concentration of light room
Discharge can be neutralized for 0.05% sodium hydroxide fresh water, the naoh concentration of dense room is 20%.At entire dilute sodium hydroxide
Reason current efficiency is up to 80%, and total energy consumption is 5 degree of electricity/ton dilute sodium hydroxide, significantly less than multiple-effect evaporation.
Embodiment 4
Theory structure according to Fig. 1, installs an electrodialysis dilute sodium hydroxide enrichment facility, and film group device size uses
600*1200mm, film group device include alkaline-resisting electrode, alkaline-resisting composite diaphragm, alkaline-resisting cavity block, resistance alkali anode membrane.Wherein alkaline-resisting electrode platinum bottom
It is 1 micron to apply thickness, and tantalum oxide, the mass ratio of ruthenium-oxide are 3:2;Sintering temperature is 800 DEG C, and each sintering time is small for 4
When.The PP spraying temperatures of partition plate are made as 150 DEG C, the spraying temperature of PTFE is 210 DEG C, plasma electrode vibration frequency 50MC,
The ratio that oxygen purity used in plasma is 99.5%, PTFE is 40%;The film resistance for hindering alkali anode membrane is 4 Ω/cm2, hand over
Connection degree is 85%, film thickness 0.15mm.The AHT cavity blocks using ASTOM companies of alkaline-resisting cavity block.
The light room of electrodialysis is entered as water inlet using the dilute sodium hydroxide for containing 2.5% sodium hydroxide.Electrodialysis current density is
600A/m2, crossflow velocity 6m/s, electrodialysis operation water temperature is 35 DEG C.After electrodialysis concentration operation, the fresh water concentration of light room
Discharge can be neutralized for 0.05% sodium hydroxide fresh water, the naoh concentration of dense room is 20%.At entire dilute sodium hydroxide
Reason current efficiency is up to 82%, and total energy consumption is 6 degree of electricity/ton dilute sodium hydroxide, significantly less than multiple-effect evaporation.
Embodiment 5
Theory structure according to Fig. 1, installs an electrodialysis dilute sodium hydroxide enrichment facility, and film group device size uses
600*1200mm, film group device include alkaline-resisting electrode, alkaline-resisting composite diaphragm, alkaline-resisting cavity block, resistance alkali anode membrane.Wherein alkaline-resisting electrode platinum bottom
It is 1 micron to apply thickness, and tantalum oxide, the mass ratio of ruthenium-oxide are 5:3;Sintering temperature is 860 DEG C, and each sintering time is small for 5
When.The PP spraying temperatures of partition plate are made as 130 DEG C, the spraying temperature of PTFE is 250 DEG C, plasma electrode vibration frequency 50MC,
The ratio that oxygen purity used in plasma is 99.5%, PTFE is 20%;The film resistance for hindering alkali anode membrane is 4.5 Ω/cm2,
The degree of cross linking is 80%, film thickness 0.12mm.The AHT cavity blocks using ASTOM companies of alkaline-resisting cavity block.
The light room of electrodialysis is entered as water inlet using the dilute sodium hydroxide for containing 2% sodium hydroxide.Electrodialysis current density is
700A/m2, crossflow velocity 6m/s, electrodialysis operation water temperature is 35 DEG C.After electrodialysis concentration operation, the fresh water concentration of light room
Discharge can be neutralized for 0.05% sodium hydroxide fresh water, the naoh concentration of dense room is 20%.At entire dilute sodium hydroxide
Reason current efficiency is up to 85%, and total energy consumption is 3.5 degree of electricity/ton dilute sodium hydroxide, significantly less than multiple-effect evaporation.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentrates film group device, including alkaline-resisting electrode, alkaline-resisting composite diaphragm, alkaline-resisting cavity block, resistance alkali
Anode membrane, which is characterized in that film group is by platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode (15), homogeneous alkaline-resisting cavity block (2), the alkaline-resisting partition plate (3) of elasticity, equal phase resistance alkali
Anode membrane (4) is sequentially overlapped composition;
Pole liquid stream guidance tape (8) is placed with respectively in two outsides of film group, then in the both sides of pole liquid stream guidance tape (8) by clamping steel plate
(10) it is fixed by fastening bolt (6);
Anolyte import (1), catholyte import (5), anolyte outlet (16), catholyte are offered on pole liquid stream guidance tape (8)
It exports (17);
The external diluted acid import (7) of anolyte import (1), the external concentrated acid import (14) of catholyte import (5), anolyte outlet (16)
External light liquid outlet (11), the external concentrated acid outlet (12) in catholyte outlet (17);Close to the platinum tantalum ruthenium electricity of homogeneous alkaline-resisting cavity block (2)
Pole (15) external anode terminal (9), close to platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode (15) external anode terminal of equal phase resistance alkali anode membrane (4)
(13)。
A kind of 2. dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentration film group device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that platinum tantalum ruthenium electrode
(15) it is that titanium applies tantalum Pt-Ru electrode.
3. a kind of dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentration film group device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the titanium applies
Tantalum Pt-Ru electrode uses the titanium plate of 0.5-2 millimeters thicks, after being cleaned by ultrasonic, after hydrofluoric acid clean, then be surface-treated with oxalic acid,
Primary coat is carried out with platinum, platinum coating layer thickness is 0.5-2 microns;Coating is carried out with tantalum oxide, ruthenium-oxide after platinum primary coat and be sintered, apply altogether
Ten formation electrode surface coatings of layer and sintering, wherein tantalum oxide, the mass ratio of ruthenium-oxide are 0.01~10:0.01~3;It burns
Junction temperature is 700-1000 DEG C, when each sintering time is 1-5 small.
4. a kind of dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentration film group device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that elasticity it is alkaline-resisting every
Plate (3) is composite elastic partition plate, is made by PP, PTFE.
5. a kind of dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentration film group device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that composite elastic every
Plate using PP, PTFE in batches in the environment of plasma chamber medium and high temperature, inertia spray one-shaping technique make elasticity every
Plate is 120-220 DEG C in temperature, the shape of partition plate is first sprayed into PP, then is 220- in temperature with PTFE after ion activation
PTFE is sprayed at 280 DEG C on the PP partition plates formed just now and is blended;The electrode of gas ions is closed using high-frequency capacitive lotus root
Electrode, vibration frequency 30-50MC, the oxygen purity used in plasma are 99.1-99.8%, and the ratio of PTFE is 10%-
40%.
A kind of 6. dilute sodium hydroxide electrodialysis concentration film group device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that homogeneous alkaline-resisting the moon
Film (2) is grafted cavity block using perfluor;Equal phase resistance alkali anode membrane (4) uses resistance as 4.4-4.7 Ω cm2, rupture strength is not less than
0.4MPa, thickness are 0.19-0.23mm.
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CN115490375A (en) * | 2022-10-02 | 2022-12-20 | 四川树霖科技集团有限公司 | Treatment method of mercury-containing gas field water with high salt content and high COD (chemical oxygen demand) |
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