CN108092698B

CN108092698B - Beam training method and device

Info

Publication number: CN108092698B
Application number: CN201611042489.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任亚珍; 蒋成钢; 张盼
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2016-11-22
Filing date: 2016-11-22
Publication date: 2021-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2036-11-22
Also published as: CN108092698A; WO2018095305A1

Abstract

The application discloses a beam training method and a device, comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps that a first device receives N groups of training sequences sent by a second device; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0; the first device performs channel estimation according to each training sequence in the received N groups of training sequences respectively, and obtains channel capacity under each training sequence according to the result of the channel estimation; the first device takes the beam combination corresponding to the target training sequence sent by the second device as the optimal beam combination; wherein the target training sequence belongs to the N groups of training sequences, and the maximum channel capacity is obtained under the target training sequence; and the first equipment takes the flow number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity as the optimal flow number.

Description

Beam training method and device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for beam training.

Background

The transmission process of the high-frequency millimeter waves has the characteristics of large space free path loss, strong rain attenuation and oxygen absorption and the like, so that the coverage range of the high-frequency millimeter waves is limited. In order to improve the coverage range of the high-frequency millimeter waves, a large-scale antenna array can be adopted to form narrow beams, so that the antenna gain is improved, and the path loss is compensated. While the large-scale array narrow beam requires beam training before user data transmission to ensure transmission performance, otherwise, the received Signal may be weak and the Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) may be low.

Current beam training methods generally include the following steps: step 1, narrow wave beam scanning of a transmitting end, omnidirectional wave beam receiving of a receiving end and alternative narrow wave beam feedback of the transmitting end of the receiving end; step 2, the sending end sends in all directions, the receiving end scans narrow wave beams, and the receiving end selects alternative narrow wave beams; and 3, carrying out narrow beam pair measurement on the originating alternative beam and the receiving alternative beam, and determining the optimal receiving and transmitting beam by utilizing an SINR (signal to interference and noise ratio) criterion according to the number of streams notified by the originating. For example, in the above method, after determining the originating alternative narrow beam and the alternative narrow beam in

steps

1 and 2, a specific beam training process is as follows: assuming that the number of streams notified by the originating terminal is 2, the candidate beams for the originating terminal are 1,9,25,28, and the candidate beams for the terminating terminal are 3,6,8, 15. Hair-like deviceAnd the terminal sequentially sends the alternative beams, the receiving terminal sequentially scans and receives the alternative beams under each alternative beam, and the SNR of each pair of beams is obtained through SNR measurement. Assuming that the originating end transmits the first stream using beam 1 and the receiving end receives the first stream using beam 3, the SNRs of beams 1 to 3_1-3The signal power of the first stream; assuming that the originating end transmits the second stream using beam 28 and the receiving end receives the second stream using beam 6, the SNR of beam 28 to beam 6_28-6Signal power for the second stream; and the SNR of the originating beam 1 to the terminating beam 6_1-6SNR of the originating beam 28 to the terminating beam 3 for interference of the second stream_28-3Is the interference of the first stream. From this, the Signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of the first stream can be calculated to be

SINR of the second stream is

By analogy, the SINR value of each transceiver beam combination can be calculated, and finally the transceiver beam combination with the highest SINR is used as the transceiver beam combination used for the final communication.

However, the above beam training method calculates SINR only according to signal powers of different beams, and therefore, a selected transmit-receive beam combination may not be able to best adapt to a transmission channel, and thus cannot meet a communication requirement between a receiving end and a transmitting end, so that a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) transmission performance between the receiving end and the transmitting end is reduced, and transmission efficiency between the receiving end and the transmitting end is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a beam training method and a beam training device, which are used for training a beam combination meeting the communication requirement between a receiving end and a transmitting end, so that the transmission efficiency between the receiving end and the transmitting end is improved.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a beam training method, including:

the method comprises the steps that a first device receives N groups of training sequences sent by a second device; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

the first device performs channel estimation according to each training sequence in the received N groups of training sequences respectively, and obtains channel capacity under each training sequence according to the result of the channel estimation;

the first device takes the beam combination corresponding to the target training sequence sent by the second device as the optimal beam combination; wherein the target training sequence belongs to the N groups of training sequences, and the maximum channel capacity is obtained under the target training sequence;

and the first equipment takes the flow number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity as the optimal flow number.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, after receiving N sets of training sequences sent by a second device, a first device obtains channel capacity under each set of training sequences according to a result of channel estimation, so that a training sequence corresponding to the obtained maximum channel capacity is used as a target training sequence, a beam combination corresponding to the target training sequence sent by the second device is used as an optimal beam combination, and a stream number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity is used as an optimal stream number. The channel capacity of the optimal beam combination determined by the first device is the largest, so that the transmission efficiency between the receiving end and the transmitting end can be improved.

Optionally, the method further includes:

the first equipment sends the beam information of the sending beam in the optimal beam combination and the optimal number of streams to the second equipment;

and the first device receives the data transmitted by the second device by using the transmitting beam indicated by the beam information and the optimal number of streams by using the receiving beam in the optimal beam combination.

Optionally, before the first device receives the N sets of training sequences sent by the second device, the method further includes:

the first device receives first beam combination training indication information sent by the second device;

the first beam combination training indication information indicates one or more of:

the duration required by the second device for sending the N groups of training sequences;

the order of each beam combination used by the second device when transmitting the N sets of training sequences;

and the second equipment sends the starting time of the N groups of training sequences.

Through the method, the first device can determine the beam training duration of the N groups of training sequences sent by the second device and the sequence of the beam combination used by the second device through the first beam combination training indication information sent by the second device, so that the behaviors of the first device and the second device can be ensured to be consistent, and the first device and the second device can be ensured to carry out missed and unrepeated beam combination training among all possible beam combinations, so that the first device can obtain equivalent channel information under various possible combinations.

performing narrow beam training between the first device and the second device, and determining a receiving-end alternative narrow beam set;

and the first device determines second beam combination training indication information according to the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set, and sends the second beam combination training indication information to the second device, wherein the second beam combination training indication information indicates the duration required by the second device to send the N groups of training sequences.

Through the method, the first device determines the second beam combination training indication information according to the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set, and sends the second beam combination training indication information to the second device, so that the first device and the second device can perform missed and unrepeated beam combination training among all possible beam combinations, and the second device can obtain equivalent channel information under various possible combinations.

Optionally, the first device is any one of the following devices: an Access Point (AP); a station STA; a base station; a terminal;

the second device is any one of the following devices: AP; STA; a base station; and (4) a terminal.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a beam training method, including:

the second equipment sends N groups of training sequences to the first equipment; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

the second device receives the optimal number of streams sent by the first device and beam information of a transmission beam in an optimal beam combination, wherein the optimal beam combination is a beam combination corresponding to a target training sequence sent by the second device, the target training sequence belongs to the N groups of training sequences, and the maximum channel capacity is obtained under the target training sequence; the optimal number of streams is the number of streams corresponding to the maximum channel capacity.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the application, after the second device sends N groups of training sequences to the first device, the second device receives the optimal number of streams sent by the first device and the beam information of the transmit beam in the optimal beam combination, so that data can be sent to the first device according to the optimal number of streams and the beam information of the transmit beam in the optimal beam combination.

Optionally, before the second device sends N sets of training sequences to the first device, the method further includes:

performing narrow beam transmitting training between the second device and the first device, and determining a transmitting-end alternative narrow beam set;

performing narrow beam training between the second device and the first device, and determining a receiving-end alternative narrow beam set;

and the second equipment determines N kinds of beam combinations for sending the N groups of training sequences according to the transmitting-end alternative narrow beam set and the receiving-end alternative narrow beam set.

Through the method, the second device determines the N types of beam combinations for sending the N groups of training sequences according to the sending-end alternative narrow beam set and the receiving-end alternative narrow beam set, so that traversal from all possible beam combinations can be avoided, and the efficiency of determining the N types of beam combinations for sending the N groups of training sequences is improved.

the second device transmits a beam training sequence to the first device by using each beam stream in the originating alternative narrow beam set, and receives a transceiving alternative narrow beam pair set transmitted by the first device; the candidate narrow beam pair set for transceiving is a set of K beam pairs with the maximum received signal energy or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) when the first device receives a beam training sequence transmitted by the second device by using beams in the candidate narrow beam set for transmitting; k is a positive integer greater than 0;

and the second equipment determines N types of beam combinations for transmitting the N groups of training sequences according to the transceiving candidate narrow beam pair set.

By the method, the second device sends the beam training sequence to the first device by using each beam wheel in the originating alternative narrow beam set, so that the first device is prevented from sending the beam training sequence by using all possible beam wheels of the second device in turn, and the efficiency of determining and sending N types of beam combinations of the N groups of training sequences is improved.

and the second equipment determines N wave beam combinations for sending the N groups of training sequences according to the originating alternative narrow wave beam set.

the second device sends first beam combination training indication information to the first device;

By the method, the second device can indicate the beam training duration for sending the N groups of training sequences and the sequence of the beam combination used by the second device to the first device by sending the first beam combination training indication information to the first device, so that the behaviors of the first device and the second device can be ensured to be consistent, and the first device and the second device can be ensured to perform missed and unrepeated beam combination training among all possible beam combinations, so that the first device can obtain equivalent channel information under various possible combinations.

and the second device receives second beam combination training indication information sent by the first device, wherein the second beam combination training indication information is determined by the first device according to the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set, and the second beam combination training indication information indicates the duration required by the second device to send the N groups of training sequences.

Optionally, after the second device receives the optimal number of streams sent by the first device and the beam information of the transmit beam in the optimal beam combination, the method further includes:

the second device transmits data to the first device using the beam indicated by the beam information and the optimal number of streams.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a beam training apparatus, including:

the receiving and sending unit is used for receiving N groups of training sequences sent by the second equipment; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

the processing unit is used for respectively carrying out channel estimation according to each training sequence in the N groups of received training sequences and obtaining the channel capacity under each training sequence according to the result of the channel estimation; taking the beam combination corresponding to the target training sequence sent by the second equipment as the optimal beam combination; wherein the target training sequence belongs to the N groups of training sequences, and the maximum channel capacity is obtained under the target training sequence; and taking the flow number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity as the optimal flow number.

Optionally, the transceiver unit is further configured to:

sending the beam information of the sending beam in the optimal beam combination and the optimal number of streams to the second device;

and receiving data transmitted by the second device by using the transmitting beam indicated by the beam information and the optimal number of streams by using the receiving beam in the optimal beam combination.

Optionally, the transceiver unit is further configured to:

receiving first beam combination training indication information sent by the second equipment;

Optionally, the transceiver unit is further configured to:

carrying out narrow beam training with the second equipment, and determining a receiving end alternative narrow beam set;

and determining second beam combination training indication information according to the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set, and sending the second beam combination training indication information to the second device, wherein the second beam combination training indication information indicates the time length required by the second device to send the N groups of training sequences.

Optionally, the apparatus is any one of the following devices: an Access Point (AP); a station STA; a base station; a terminal;

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a beam training apparatus, including:

a sending unit, configured to send N sets of training sequences to a first device; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

a receiving unit, configured to receive an optimal number of streams sent by the first device and beam information of a transmit beam in an optimal beam combination, where the optimal beam combination is a beam combination corresponding to a target training sequence sent by the second device, and the target training sequence belongs to the N sets of training sequences, and obtains a maximum channel capacity under the target training sequence; the optimal number of streams is the number of streams corresponding to the maximum channel capacity.

Optionally, the sending unit is further configured to:

carrying out narrow beam transmitting training with the first equipment, and determining a transmitting-end alternative narrow beam set;

the receiving unit is further configured to perform narrow beam training with the first device, and determine a receiving-end candidate narrow beam set;

and determining N kinds of beam combinations for sending the N groups of training sequences according to the originating alternative narrow beam set and the receiving alternative narrow beam set.

Optionally, the sending unit is further configured to:

transmitting a beam training sequence to the first device by using each beam stream in the originating alternative narrow beam set, and receiving a transceiving alternative narrow beam pair set transmitted by the first device; the candidate narrow beam pair set for transceiving is a set of K beam pairs with the maximum received signal energy or signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) when the first device receives a beam training sequence transmitted by the second device by using beams in the candidate narrow beam set for transmitting; k is a positive integer greater than 0;

and determining N kinds of beam combinations for transmitting the N groups of training sequences according to the transceiving candidate narrow beam pair set.

Optionally, the sending unit is further configured to:

and determining N wave beam combinations for transmitting the N groups of training sequences according to the originating alternative narrow wave beam set.

Optionally, the sending unit is further configured to:

transmitting first beam combination training indication information to the first device;

Optionally, the receiving unit is further configured to:

carrying out narrow beam training with the first equipment, and determining a receiving end alternative narrow beam set;

receiving second beam combination training indication information sent by the first device, where the second beam combination training indication information is determined by the first device according to the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set, and the second beam combination training indication information indicates a duration required by a second device to send the N groups of training sequences.

Optionally, the sending unit is further configured to:

and transmitting data to the first device by using the beam indicated by the beam information and the optimal flow number.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a beam training apparatus, including:

the transceiver is used for receiving the N groups of training sequences sent by the second equipment; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

the processor is used for respectively carrying out channel estimation according to each training sequence in the N groups of received training sequences and obtaining the channel capacity under each training sequence according to the result of the channel estimation; taking the beam combination corresponding to the target training sequence sent by the second equipment as the optimal beam combination; wherein the target training sequence belongs to the N groups of training sequences, and the maximum channel capacity is obtained under the target training sequence; and taking the flow number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity as the optimal flow number.

Optionally, the transceiver is further configured to:

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a beam training apparatus, including:

a transceiver for transmitting N sets of training sequences to a first device; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

the transceiver is configured to receive an optimal number of streams sent by the first device and beam information of a transmit beam in an optimal beam combination, where the optimal beam combination is a beam combination corresponding to a target training sequence sent by the second device, and the target training sequence belongs to the N sets of training sequences and obtains a maximum channel capacity under the target training sequence; the optimal number of streams is the number of streams corresponding to the maximum channel capacity.

Optionally, the transceiver is further configured to:

the transceiver is further configured to perform narrow beam training with the first device, and determine a receiving-end candidate narrow beam set;

Optionally, the transceiver is further configured to:

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an HBF modular two-stage weighting system architecture;

fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a beam training method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a beam training process according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a beam training process according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a beam training process according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a beam training process according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam training apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam training apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam training apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a beam training apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The embodiment of the application can be applied to a Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN), and the standard adopted by the WLAN at present is an IEEE 802.11 series. One WLAN may include one or more Basic Service Sets (BSS), and network nodes in a BSS include an Access Point (AP) and a Station (STA). Each basic service set may include an AP and a plurality of STAs associated with the AP.

The embodiments of the present application can also be applied to various mobile communication systems, for example: global System for Mobile communications (GSM) System, Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) System, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) System, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) System, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-a) System, Universal Mobile telecommunications System (Universal Mobile telecommunications System, UMTS), evolved Long Term Evolution (LTE) System, 5G and other Mobile communication systems.

Hereinafter, some terms in the present application are explained to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.

1) A terminal, also called a User Equipment (UE), is a device providing voice and/or data connectivity to a User, for example, a handheld device with a wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, and so on. Common terminals include, for example: the mobile phone includes a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), and a wearable device such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, and the like.

2) The base station may be a common base station (e.g., a NodeB or an eNB), may be a New Radio controller (NR controller), may be a Centralized network element (Centralized Unit), may be a New wireless base station, may be a Radio remote module, may be a micro base station, may be a relay (relay), may be a Distributed network element (Distributed Unit), may be a Reception Point (TRP) or a Transmission Point (TP), or any other wireless access device, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

3) An AP, also known as an access point or hotspot, etc. The AP is an access point for a mobile subscriber to enter a wired network, and is mainly deployed in a home, a building, and a campus, and typically has a coverage radius of several tens of meters to hundreds of meters, and may be deployed outdoors. The AP acts as a bridge connecting the network and the wireless network, and mainly functions to connect the wireless network clients together and then to access the wireless network to the ethernet. Specifically, the AP may be a terminal device or a network device with a Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) chip.

4) And the STA can be a wireless communication chip, a wireless sensor or a wireless communication terminal. For example: the mobile phone supporting the WiFi communication function, the tablet computer supporting the WiFi communication function, the set top box supporting the WiFi communication function, the smart television supporting the WiFi communication function, the smart wearable device supporting the WiFi communication function, the vehicle-mounted communication device supporting the WiFi communication function and the computer supporting the WiFi communication function.

In the embodiment of the present application, a terminal refers to a device in a mobile communication system, and a STA refers to a device in a WLAN, and in practice, there may be a device, which is called a terminal when accessing the mobile communication system, and is called a STA when accessing the WLAN.

In this embodiment, the first device or the second device may include a system for forming beams and MIMO weights by two-stage digital weighting or Hybrid Beamforming (HBF) analog-to-digital two-stage weighting. Two-stage digital weighting is for an all-digital architecture, where the all-digital architecture refers to an architecture in which each Radio Frequency (RF) channel (chain) is connected to one antenna port, the two-stage digital weighting, that is, weighting is divided into two stages, and both are implemented in a baseband, the first stage weighting may be used for mapping from a virtual port to an RF channel, and the second stage weighting may be used for mapping from a signal stream to a virtual port.

The HBF modulo two-stage weighting system architecture may be as shown in fig. 1. The HBF analog-to-digital two-stage weighting system shown in fig. 1 includes modules such as a baseband, an RF channel, a splitter, a phase shifter, a Power Amplifier (PA), and an antenna. After a phase shifter array connected with the RF channel forms a first-stage analog beam by adjusting the phase of the phase shifter, second-stage digital weighting is carried out by the baseband, so that mapping of signal streams to the RF channel is realized, and finally the signal streams mapped to the RF channel are transmitted out through an antenna according to the phase shifted by the phase shifter to form a beam.

In the embodiment of the present application, the narrow beam is a directional beam relative to the omni-directional beam, and the narrow beam does not limit that the beam is necessarily narrow, but shows that the radiation intensity is greater than the average radiation intensity in a certain angle range, and has directivity.

Based on the above description, as shown in fig. 2, a schematic flow chart of a beam training method provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown.

Referring to fig. 2, the method includes:

step 201: the second equipment sends N groups of training sequences to the first equipment; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to one beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0.

In this step, the second device may send the set of training sequences to the first device through the transmit beam in the beam combination corresponding to each set of training sequences.

The transmit beams in the beam combination corresponding to each set of training sequences may be narrow beams (also referred to as directional beams, hereinafter referred to as narrow beams), and of course, when the second device only supports an omnidirectional antenna, the transmit beams may also be omnidirectional beams; correspondingly, the receive beam in the beam combination corresponding to each group of training sequences may be a narrow beam or an omni-directional beam. The training sequence may be a bit sequence agreed in advance between the first device and the second device. Each set of training sequences may carry information such as a beam identifier and a radio frequency channel identifier of a beam transmitting the set of training sequences.

Step 202: the first device receives the N groups of training sequences sent by the second device.

In this step, with reference to the foregoing description, the first device may receive each set of training sequences through the receiving beam in the beam combination corresponding to the training sequence. Of course, when only the omnidirectional antenna is supported by the first device, each set of training sequences transmitted by the second device may also be received omnidirectionally by the omnidirectional antenna.

Step 203: and the first equipment respectively carries out channel estimation according to each training sequence in the N groups of received training sequences and obtains the channel capacity under each training sequence according to the result of the channel estimation.

In the embodiment of the present application, a stream (stream) may also be referred to as a signal stream or a space-time stream, and hereinafter, both of them are simply referred to as a stream, and accordingly, the number of streams refers to the number of streams.

In this step, the first device may perform channel estimation according to each received group of training sequences, determine an equivalent channel for transmitting each group of training sequences, and then obtain channel capacities of the equivalent channel of each group of training sequences under different numbers of streams, that is, at least one channel capacity may be obtained under each group of training sequences, and further may determine a maximum channel capacity that may be obtained under each group of training sequences. It should be noted that how to perform channel estimation specifically according to the training sequence to obtain the equivalent channel of each training sequence is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and reference may be made to the existing channel estimation method, which is not described herein again.

For example, assuming that an equivalent channel obtained by channel estimation is denoted by H, SINR of different streams in the equivalent channel can be obtained according to H and a receiver equalization formula, and then channel capacity of the equivalent channel in different stream numbers can be calculated according to the following formula:

where B is the system bandwidth, K is the number of streams, then C_KFor the channel capacity obtained under the equivalent channel and when the number of streams is K, the value of K may be selected according to actual situations, for example, for a device supporting four-transmission and two-reception (i.e., four-transmission antennas and two-reception antennas), the maximum number of streams that can be supported is 2, then the value of K may be 1 or 2, and the SINR_iIs the SINR of the ith stream in the equivalent channel.

Finally, the maximum channel capacity in the channel capacities corresponding to each group of training sequences and the number of streams corresponding to the maximum channel capacity corresponding to each group of training sequences can be determined according to the formula.

Of course, the above is only an example, and the channel capacity may also be calculated according to other manners, and the method for calculating the channel capacity is not limited in the embodiment of the present application, and is not illustrated one by one here.

Step 204: the first device takes the beam combination corresponding to the target training sequence sent by the second device as the optimal beam combination; wherein the target training sequence belongs to the N groups of training sequences, and the maximum channel capacity is obtained under the target training sequence; and the first equipment takes the flow number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity as the optimal flow number.

It should be noted that, in this embodiment of the application, after the first device finally determines the optimal beam combination and the optimal number of streams, the second device may send data to the first device using a transmit beam in the optimal beam combination, where the number of streams for sending data is the optimal number of streams, and the corresponding first device receives data sent by the second device using a receive beam in the optimal beam combination.

In this step, the first device may compare the channel capacities under each group of training sequences obtained in step 203 according to a channel capacity maximization criterion, obtain a maximum value thereof, that is, a maximum channel capacity among all channel capacities corresponding to each group of training sequences in the N groups of training sequences, and use a group of training sequences corresponding to the maximum channel capacity in the N groups of training sequences as a target training sequence. The first device may then use the beam combination used by the second device to transmit the target training sequence as the optimal beam combination.

After determining the optimal beam combination and the optimal number of streams, the first device may send beam information of a transmit beam in the optimal beam combination, or the optimal number of streams, or beam information of a transmit beam in the optimal beam combination and the optimal number of streams to the second device, where the beam information at least includes a beam identifier, and the beam information may also include information such as a radio frequency channel identifier of a radio frequency channel corresponding to the transmit beam. By sending the beam information to the second device, the information of the transmit beam, the radio frequency channel corresponding to the transmit beam, the antenna array correspondingly connected to the radio frequency channel, and the like used when the second device sends the target training sequence can be indicated to the second device.

Step 205: and the second equipment receives the optimal number of streams sent by the first equipment and the beam information of the transmitting beam in the optimal beam combination.

In this step, the second device may transmit data to the first device using the beam indicated by the beam information and the optimal number of streams. Specifically, the second device may determine to use the corresponding radio frequency channel and the antenna array correspondingly connected to the radio frequency channel according to the beam information of the transmit beam in the optimal beam combination, generate the corresponding transmit beam, and transmit data to the first device through the transmit beam.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the first device and the second device are devices that receive and transmit data wirelessly, for example, the first device and the second device may respectively include the following: the first equipment is an AP, and the second equipment is an STA; or the first device is an STA and the second device is an AP; or the first device is an STA, and the second device is an STA; or, the first device is a base station and the second device is a terminal; or the first device is a terminal and the second device is a base station; or the first device is a terminal and the second device is a terminal. Of course, the above is only an example, and the first device or the second device may also be other types of wireless devices, which are not illustrated in a specific manner here.

In this embodiment of the application, before step 201, the second device may further need to determine N beam combinations for transmitting the N sets of training sequences, which are described below according to different scenarios respectively.

A first possible scenario: the first device may support transceiving narrowbeams and the second device may also support transceiving narrowbeams.

In the scene, firstly, narrow beam transmitting training needs to be carried out between the second equipment and the first equipment, so that a transmitting-end alternative narrow beam set is determined; then, a narrowing beam training is required between the second equipment and the first equipment, so that a receiving end alternative narrow beam set is determined; and finally, the second equipment determines N kinds of beam combinations for sending the N groups of training sequences according to the originating alternative narrow beam set and the receiving alternative narrow beam set.

Specifically, in conjunction with the foregoing description, as shown in fig. 3, at this time before step 201, there may be the following steps:

step 301: and (3) the second equipment simultaneously scans narrow beams by all the radio frequency channels and the antenna arrays correspondingly connected with the radio frequency channels, namely the second equipment sequentially adopts different narrow beams to send training sequences to the first equipment through all the radio frequency channels and the antenna arrays correspondingly connected with the radio frequency channels.

Correspondingly, all radio frequency channels of the first device and the antennas or antenna arrays connected correspondingly thereto simultaneously receive the training sequence by adopting omnidirectional or quasi-omnidirectional beams.

Step 302: the first device determines an originating alternate narrow beam set. The originating candidate narrow beam set includes at least one transmit beam, and finally, at least one transmit beam may be selected from the originating candidate narrow beam set as a transmit beam used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

Specifically, when the first device employs omnidirectional or quasi-omnidirectional reception under each different narrow beam of the second device, the energy or SNR of the received signal of the current transmit beam is obtained, so that the P transmit beams with the largest energy or SNR of the received signal can be determined as the transmit-side candidate narrow beam set. The number of the transmit beams included in the transmit-side candidate narrow beam set may be determined according to actual situations, for example, the number may include only 1 transmit beam, or may include a plurality of transmit beams, that is, P is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Step 303: the first device sends the originating set of alternative narrow beams to the second device.

Specifically, the first device may send, to the second device, beam information of each transmission beam in the transmission-side candidate narrow beam set, where the beam information includes information such as a beam identifier and/or a radio frequency channel identifier of a radio frequency channel corresponding to the transmission beam.

After receiving the beam information, the second device may determine information such as a transmit beam, a radio frequency channel corresponding to the transmit beam, and an antenna array correspondingly connected to the radio frequency channel.

Step 304: the second device sends a training sequence to the first device by adopting an omnidirectional or quasi-omnidirectional beam, and aiming at each training sequence sent by the second device, each radio frequency channel of the first device and an antenna array correspondingly connected with the radio frequency channel simultaneously carry out narrowing beam scanning, and each different beam of the first device receives the training sequence sent by the second device in turn.

Step 305: the first device determines a set of receive end candidate narrow beams. The receiving-end candidate narrow beam set includes at least one receiving beam, and the first device may finally select at least one receiving beam from the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set as a receiving beam used by the first device to receive data sent by the second device.

Specifically, when receiving with each receiving beam, the first device may obtain the energy or SNR of the receiving signal of the current transmitting beam, so that the Q receiving beams with the largest energy or SNR of the receiving signal may be determined as the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set. The number of receiving beams included in the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set may be determined according to an actual situation, and is not described herein again.

Step 306: the first device sends the receiving end alternative narrow beam set to the second device.

Specifically, the first device may send beam information of each received beam in the candidate narrow beam set at the receiving end to the second device, where the beam information includes information such as a beam identifier and/or a radio frequency channel identifier of a radio frequency channel corresponding to the received beam.

Step 307: and the second equipment determines N kinds of beam combinations for sending the N groups of training sequences according to the originating alternative narrow beam set and the receiving alternative narrow beam set, and sends first beam combination training indication information to the first equipment.

Specifically, the second device may perform permutation and combination on a transmit beam in the transmit-side candidate narrow beam set and a receive beam in the receive-side candidate narrow beam set, so as to obtain a plurality of beam combinations, and use some or all of the beam combinations as N beam combinations for transmitting the N sets of training sequences.

For example, the originating candidate narrow beam set includes a originating beam 1 corresponding to the transmitting-end radio frequency channel 1 and a originating beam 2 corresponding to the transmitting-end radio frequency channel 2; the receiving end alternative narrow beam set comprises a receiving beam 3 corresponding to the receiving end radio frequency channel 1 and a receiving beam 4 corresponding to the receiving end radio frequency channel 2. Then, the second device may determine the following beam combination:

beam combination 1: a wave transmitting beam 1 of a radio frequency channel 1 at a transmitting end and a wave receiving beam 3 of the radio frequency channel 1 at a receiving end; a wave transmitting beam 2 of a radio frequency channel 2 at a transmitting end and a wave receiving beam 4 of the radio frequency channel 2 at a receiving end;

beam combination 2: a wave transmitting beam 1 of a radio frequency channel 1 at a transmitting end and a wave receiving beam 4 of the radio frequency channel 1 at a receiving end; a transmitting beam 2 of the transmitting end radio frequency channel 2 and a receiving beam 3 of the receiving end radio frequency channel 2.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the first beam combination training indication information may further indicate one or more of the following:

the duration required by the second device for sending the N groups of training sequences; for example, the duration required for the second device to transmit the N sets of training sequences may be determined by: determining the training times of the beam combinations according to the training rules of the beam combinations and the number of the alternative beams at the transceiving end, then determining the time length required by the transmission of the beam under each beam combination to the receiving, generally determined by the length of the training pilot sequence of the system beam, the switching time between the system beams and the like, and finally multiplying the training times of the combinations by the training time of each beam combination to determine the time length required by the second equipment to transmit the N groups of training sequences.

the second device sends the starting time of the N groups of training sequences; it should be noted that the first beam combination training indication information may not indicate the starting time, and at this time, the first device and the second device may make a predetermined agreement, and after the second device sends the preset duration of the first beam combination training indication information, the second device starts sending the training sequence to the first device.

The second device may indicate, to the first device, the beam training durations for transmitting the N sets of training sequences and the order of the beam combinations used by the second device by transmitting the first beam combination training instruction information to the first device, so that it may be ensured that behaviors of the first device and the second device are consistent, and it is ensured that the first device and the second device perform missed and unrepeated beam combination training among all possible respective beam combinations, so that the first device may obtain equivalent channel information in various possible combinations.

Steps 301 to 307 may be executed before step 201, and in order to describe the complete flow, the contents of step 201 to 205 are described below with reference to steps 301 to 307:

step 308: and the second equipment sequentially uses the wave beam of each wave beam combination in the determined N wave beam combinations to send the training sequence to the first equipment in turn, and sends N groups of training sequences. Correspondingly, the first device sequentially uses the receiving beam in the beam combination corresponding to the transmitting beam used by the second device in the N types of beam combinations to receive the training sequence.

Step 309: and the first equipment determines the channel capacity corresponding to each group of training sequences according to the received N groups of training sequences respectively, and then takes the beam combination used by the second equipment for sending the target training sequence as the optimal beam combination and takes the flow number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity in the channel capacities corresponding to the target training sequence as the optimal flow number according to the channel capacity maximization criterion.

For details of this step, reference may be made to the foregoing description, which is not repeated herein.

The first device judges the channel capacity and the optimal flow number according to the obtained equivalent channel, and then the optimal beam combination selected according to the channel capacity maximization criterion can enable the channel capacity of the channel for finally transmitting data to be the maximum, so that the transmission efficiency is improved.

Step 310: and the first equipment sends the beam information and/or the optimal flow number of the sending beam in the optimal beam combination to the second equipment.

Finally, step 311 may also be included: the second device transmits data to the first device using the beam indicated by the beam information of the transmission beam in the optimal beam combination and the optimal number of streams.

Accordingly, the first device receives the data transmitted by the second device by using the receiving beam in the optimal beam combination.

A second possible scenario: the first device may support transceiving narrowbeams and the second device may also support transceiving narrowbeams.

The steps in this scenario are substantially the same as in the first possible scenario except for the following steps: performing transmission narrow beam training between a second device and the first device, after determining a transmission candidate narrow beam set, the second device transmitting a beam training sequence to the first device by using each beam in the transmission candidate narrow beam set in turn, and receiving a transmission/reception candidate narrow beam pair set transmitted by the first device; the candidate narrow beam pair receiving and transmitting set is a set of K beam pairs with the maximum received signal energy or signal-to-noise ratio (SINR) when the first device receives a beam training sequence sent by the second device by using beams in the candidate narrow beam set of the originating device; k is a positive integer greater than 0; and the second equipment determines N types of beam combinations for transmitting the N groups of training sequences according to the transceiving candidate narrow beam pair set.

Specifically, in conjunction with the foregoing description, as shown in fig. 4, at this time before step 201, there may be the following steps:

step 401: and (3) the second equipment simultaneously scans narrow beams by all the radio frequency channels and the antenna arrays correspondingly connected with the radio frequency channels, namely the second equipment sequentially adopts different narrow beams to send training sequences to the first equipment through all the radio frequency channels and the antenna arrays correspondingly connected with the radio frequency channels.

Step 402: the first device determines an originating alternate narrow beam set. The originating candidate narrow beam set includes at least one transmit beam, and finally, at least one transmit beam may be selected from the originating candidate narrow beam set as a transmit beam used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

For the specific content of this step, reference may be made to the foregoing description, which is not repeated herein.

Step 403: the first device sends the originating set of alternative narrow beams to the second device.

Step 404: the second device sends a training sequence to the first device by adopting a sending beam wheel flow in the sending-end alternative narrow beam set, and for each training sequence sent by the second device, each radio frequency channel and the antenna array correspondingly connected with the radio frequency channel of the first device simultaneously carry out narrow beam scanning, and the training sequence sent by the second device is received by each different beam of the first device in turn.

It should be noted that, each time the second device sends the training sequence, the second device may indicate, to the first device, information such as a beam identifier of a beam used for currently sending the training sequence and a radio frequency channel identifier of a radio frequency channel corresponding to the beam.

By the method, the second device can directly transmit the training sequence to the first device by adopting the transmit beam stream in the transmit-end alternative narrow beam set, so that the number of the transmit beams screened by the first device is reduced, the time required by the first device to determine the set of the transmit-receive alternative narrow beam pairs is reduced, and the efficiency of the second device to determine N types of beam combinations for transmitting N groups of training sequences is further improved.

Step 405: the first device determines a set of transceiving alternative narrowbeam pairs. The transceiver candidate narrow beam pair set comprises at least one transceiver beam, and the first device may finally select one transceiver beam from the transceiver candidate narrow beam pair set as the optimal beam combination.

Step 406: the first device transmits a set of transceiving alternative narrowbeam pairs to the second device.

Specifically, the first device may send beam information of each group of transceiving beams in the set of transceiving alternative narrowbeam pairs to the second device.

Step 407: and the second equipment determines and sends N types of beam combinations of the N groups of training sequences according to the receiving and sending candidate narrow beam pair set, and sends first beam combination training indication information to the first equipment.

For example, the second device may use some or all of the beam combinations in the originating alternative narrow beam set as the N beam combinations that transmit the N sets of training sequences.

The steps 401 to 407 may be performed before the step 201, and the flow after the step 407 may refer to the description of the steps 308 and 311, which is not described herein again.

A third possible scenario: the first device may support only omni-directional or quasi-omni antennas and the second device may support antennas that transceive narrow beams.

In this scenario, only the originating candidate narrow beam set needs to be determined, and the receiving candidate narrow beam set does not need to be determined, the originating narrow beam training is performed between the second device and the first device, and after the originating candidate narrow beam set is determined, the second device determines N kinds of beam combinations for transmitting the N sets of training sequences according to the originating candidate narrow beam set.

Specifically, in conjunction with the foregoing description, as shown in fig. 5, at this time before step 201, there may be the following steps:

step 501: and (3) the second equipment simultaneously scans narrow beams by all the radio frequency channels and the antenna arrays correspondingly connected with the radio frequency channels, namely the second equipment sequentially adopts different narrow beams to send training sequences to the first equipment through all the radio frequency channels and the antenna arrays correspondingly connected with the radio frequency channels.

Correspondingly, all radio frequency channels of the first device and the antennas or antenna arrays connected correspondingly thereto simultaneously adopt the omnidirectional/quasi-omnidirectional beam to receive the training sequence.

Step 502: the first device determines an originating alternate narrow beam set. The originating candidate narrow beam set includes at least one transmit beam, and finally, at least one transmit beam may be selected from the originating candidate narrow beam set as a transmit beam used by the second device to transmit data to the first device.

Step 503: the first device sends the originating set of alternative narrow beams to the second device.

Step 504: and the second equipment determines N wave beam combinations for sending the N groups of training sequences according to the originating alternative narrow wave beam set, and sends first wave beam combination training indication information to the first equipment.

It should be noted that, since the first device only supports an omni-directional or quasi-omni antenna, each beam combination determined by the first device may only include a transmit beam.

For example, the second device may use some or all of the beams in the originating set of alternative narrow beams as the N beam combinations that transmit the N sets of training sequences.

The steps 501 to 504 can be executed before the step 201, and the flow after the step 504 can refer to the description of the steps 308 and 311, which is not described herein again.

In the flows of fig. 3 to fig. 5, when the first device is an AP and the second device is an STA, or when the first device is a base station and the second device is a terminal, downlink beam training is implemented. Correspondingly, when the first device is an STA and the second device is an AP, or when the first device is a terminal and the second device is a base station, uplink beam training is achieved.

In the processes of fig. 3 to fig. 5, during the downlink beam training, the trained optimal beam combination can be used to transmit downlink data. Optionally, if reciprocity between uplink and downlink is established, the trained optimal beam combination may also be used to transmit uplink data. Of course, if the reciprocity between the uplink and the downlink is not established, in order to perform uplink data transmission, for the processes of fig. 3 to fig. 4, the first device and the second device may train according to the above processes to determine the optimal beam combination for transmitting uplink data; for the flow of fig. 5, training may be performed according to the flow described below in fig. 6. The establishment of reciprocity between uplink and downlink means that the uplink and downlink antenna arrays, the RF channel characteristics and the equivalent channels are completely the same.

In the same way, when performing uplink beam training, the optimal beam combination for transmitting uplink data is trained, and when reciprocity of uplink and downlink is established, the optimal beam combination can also be directly used for transmitting downlink data.

A fourth possible scenario: the first device may support antennas that transmit and receive narrow beams and the second device may support only omni-directional or quasi-omni-directional antennas.

In this scenario, only the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set needs to be determined, the transmitting-end candidate narrow beam set does not need to be determined, narrow beam transmitting training is performed between the second device and the first device, after the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set is determined, the first device determines, according to the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set, N types of beam combinations for transmitting the N sets of training sequences, and transmits second beam combination training indication information to the second device, where the second beam combination training indication information indicates a duration required by the second device to transmit the N sets of training sequences. Optionally, the second beam combination training indication information may further indicate an order of beam combinations used by the second device to transmit the N sets of training sequences.

And after receiving second beam combination training indication information sent by the first equipment, the second equipment sends the N groups of training sequences to the first equipment according to the indication of the second beam combination training indication information.

Specifically, in conjunction with the foregoing description, as shown in fig. 6, at this time before step 201, there may be the following steps:

step 601: and all radio frequency channels of the second equipment and the antennas or antenna arrays correspondingly connected with the radio frequency channels adopt omnidirectional/quasi-omnidirectional beams to transmit training sequences simultaneously.

Correspondingly, all radio frequency channels and antenna arrays correspondingly connected to the radio frequency channels of the first device perform narrow beam scanning simultaneously, that is, the second device receives the training sequence sent by the first device through all radio frequency channels and antenna arrays correspondingly connected to the radio frequency channels in sequence by adopting different narrow beams.

Step 602: the first device determines a set of receive end candidate narrow beams. The receiving-end candidate narrow beam set includes at least one receiving beam, and the first device may finally select at least one receiving beam from the receiving-end candidate narrow beam set as a receiving beam used for receiving data transmitted by the second device.

Step 603: and the first equipment determines N kinds of beam combinations of the N groups of training sequences sent by the second equipment according to the receiving end candidate narrow beam set, and sends second beam combination training indication information to the second equipment.

It should be noted that, since the second device only supports an omni-directional or quasi-omni antenna, each beam combination determined by the first device may only include a receiving beam.

For example, the first device may use some or all of the receive beams in the receive-end candidate narrow beam set as the N kinds of beam combinations.

Step 604: and the second equipment sequentially sends N groups of training sequences to the first equipment.

Correspondingly, the first device receives the training sequence by using the receiving beams in the N types of beam combinations in sequence.

Step 605: and the first equipment determines the channel capacity corresponding to each group of training sequences according to the received N groups of training sequences respectively, then uses the beam combination used by the second equipment for sending the target training sequence as the optimal beam combination according to the channel capacity maximization criterion, and determines the optimal flow number corresponding to the optimal beam combination.

Step 606: the first device sends the optimal number of streams to the second device.

Finally, step 607: the second device transmits data to the first device using the optimal number of streams.

With reference to the foregoing description, in the flow of fig. 6, when the first device is an AP and the second device is an STA, or when the first device is a base station and the second device is a terminal, the downlink beam training is implemented. Correspondingly, when the first device is an STA and the second device is an AP, or when the first device is a terminal and the second device is a base station, uplink beam training is achieved.

Based on the same technical concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a beam training apparatus, which can execute the above method embodiments.

Referring to fig. 7, the apparatus includes:

a transceiver 701, configured to receive N sets of training sequences sent by a second device; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

a processing unit 702, configured to perform channel estimation according to each training sequence in the N received sets of training sequences, and obtain channel capacity under each training sequence according to a result of the channel estimation; taking the beam combination corresponding to the target training sequence sent by the second equipment as the optimal beam combination; wherein the target training sequence belongs to the N groups of training sequences, and the maximum channel capacity is obtained under the target training sequence; and taking the flow number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity as the optimal flow number.

Optionally, the transceiver 701 is further configured to:

Referring to fig. 8, the apparatus includes:

a sending unit 801, configured to send N sets of training sequences to a first device; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

a receiving unit 802, configured to receive an optimal number of streams sent by the first device and beam information of a transmit beam in an optimal beam combination, where the optimal beam combination is a beam combination corresponding to a target training sequence sent by the second device, and the target training sequence belongs to the N sets of training sequences, and obtains a maximum channel capacity under the target training sequence; the optimal number of streams is the number of streams corresponding to the maximum channel capacity.

Optionally, the sending unit 801 is further configured to:

the receiving unit 802 is further configured to perform narrow beam training with the first device, and determine a receiving-end candidate narrow beam set;

Optionally, the sending unit 801 is further configured to:

Optionally, the receiving unit 802 is further configured to:

Optionally, the sending unit 801 is further configured to:

Referring to fig. 9, the apparatus includes:

a transceiver 901, configured to receive N sets of training sequences sent by the second device; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

a processor 902, configured to perform channel estimation according to each training sequence in the N received sets of training sequences, respectively, and obtain channel capacity under each training sequence according to a result of the channel estimation; taking the beam combination corresponding to the target training sequence sent by the second equipment as the optimal beam combination; wherein the target training sequence belongs to the N groups of training sequences, and the maximum channel capacity is obtained under the target training sequence; and taking the flow number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity as the optimal flow number.

Optionally, the transceiver 901 is further configured to:

Referring to fig. 10, the apparatus includes: a transceiver 1001, a processor 1002;

a transceiver 1001 for transmitting N sets of training sequences to a first device; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

the transceiver 1001 is configured to receive an optimal number of streams sent by the first device and beam information of a transmission beam in an optimal beam combination, where the optimal beam combination is a beam combination corresponding to a target training sequence sent by the second device, and the target training sequence belongs to the N sets of training sequences and obtains a maximum channel capacity under the target training sequence; the optimal number of streams is the number of streams corresponding to the maximum channel capacity.

Optionally, the transceiver 1001 is further configured to:

the transceiver 1001 is further configured to perform narrow beam training with the first device, and determine a receiving-end candidate narrow beam set;

Optionally, the transceiver 1001 is further configured to:

In the embodiments of the present application, the transceiver may be a wired transceiver, a wireless transceiver, or a combination thereof. The wired transceiver may be, for example, an ethernet interface. The ethernet interface may be an optical interface, an electrical interface, or a combination thereof. The wireless transceiver may be, for example, a wireless local area network transceiver, a cellular network transceiver, or a combination thereof. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP. The processor may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a General Array Logic (GAL), or any combination thereof. The memory may include a volatile memory (RAM), such as a random-access memory (RAM); the memory may also include a non-volatile memory (ROM), such as a read-only memory (ROM), a flash memory (flash memory), a hard disk (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD); the memory may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.

A bus interface may also be included in fig. 9 and 10, and may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, in particular, with one or more processors represented by a processor and various circuits of a memory represented by a memory linked together. The bus interface may also link together various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, and the like, which are well known in the art, and therefore, will not be described any further herein. The bus interface provides an interface. The transceiver provides a means for communicating with various other apparatus over a transmission medium. The processor is responsible for managing the bus architecture and the usual processing, and the memory may store data used by the processor in performing operations.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the scope of the application. Thus, to the extent that such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application, it is intended that the present application also encompass such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method of beam training, comprising:

the method comprises the steps that first equipment receives first beam combination training indication information sent by second equipment; the first beam combination training indication information indicates one or more of: the duration required by the second equipment for sending the N groups of training sequences; the order of each beam combination used by the second device when transmitting the N sets of training sequences; the second device sends the starting time of the N groups of training sequences;

the first device receives the N groups of training sequences sent by the second device; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

the first device takes the flow number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity as an optimal flow number;

2. The method of claim 1, wherein before the first device receives the N sets of training sequences transmitted by the second device, the method further comprises:

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the first device is any one of: an Access Point (AP); a station STA; a base station; a terminal;

4. A method of beam training, comprising:

the second equipment sends first beam combination training indication information to the first equipment; the first beam combination training indication information indicates one or more of: the duration required by the second equipment for sending N groups of training sequences; the order of each beam combination used by the second device when transmitting the N sets of training sequences; the second device sends the starting time of the N groups of training sequences;

the second device determines N kinds of beam combinations for sending the N groups of training sequences according to the originating alternative narrow beam set and the receiving alternative narrow beam set;

the second device sends the N groups of training sequences to the first device; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

5. The method of claim 4, wherein before the second device sends the N sets of training sequences to the first device, further comprising:

6. The method of claim 4, wherein before the second device sends the N sets of training sequences to the first device, further comprising:

7. The method of claim 4, wherein before the second device sends the N sets of training sequences to the first device, further comprising:

8. The method according to any of claims 4 to 7, wherein after the second device receives the optimal number of streams transmitted by the first device and the beam information of the transmit beam in the optimal beam combination, the method further comprises:

9. A beam training apparatus, comprising:

the receiving and sending unit is used for receiving first beam combination training indication information sent by the second equipment; the first beam combination training indication information indicates one or more of: the duration required by the second equipment for sending N groups of training sequences; the order of each beam combination used by the second device when transmitting the N sets of training sequences; the second device sends the starting time of the N groups of training sequences; receiving the N groups of training sequences sent by the second equipment; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

the processing unit is used for respectively carrying out channel estimation according to each training sequence in the N groups of received training sequences and obtaining the channel capacity under each training sequence according to the result of the channel estimation; taking the beam combination corresponding to the target training sequence sent by the second equipment as the optimal beam combination; wherein the target training sequence belongs to the N groups of training sequences, and the maximum channel capacity is obtained under the target training sequence; taking the flow number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity as an optimal flow number;

the transceiver unit is further configured to: sending the beam information of the sending beam in the optimal beam combination and the optimal number of streams to the second device; and receiving data transmitted by the second device by using the transmitting beam indicated by the beam information and the optimal number of streams by using the receiving beam in the optimal beam combination.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the transceiver unit is further configured to:

11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the apparatus is any one of: an Access Point (AP); a station STA; a base station; a terminal;

12. A beam training apparatus, comprising:

a transmitting unit, configured to transmit first beam combination training indication information to a first device; the first beam combination training indication information indicates one or more of: the time length required by the second equipment for sending N groups of training sequences, the sequence of each beam combination used when the second equipment sends the N groups of training sequences, and the starting time of the second equipment for sending the N groups of training sequences; transmitting the N groups of training sequences to a first device; each of the N sets of training sequences corresponds to a beam combination, and N is a positive integer greater than 0;

a receiving unit, configured to receive an optimal number of streams sent by the first device and beam information of a transmit beam in an optimal beam combination, where the optimal beam combination is a beam combination corresponding to a target training sequence sent by the second device, and the target training sequence belongs to the N sets of training sequences, and obtains a maximum channel capacity under the target training sequence; the optimal flow number is the flow number corresponding to the maximum channel capacity;

the sending unit is further configured to: carrying out narrow beam transmitting training with the first equipment, and determining a transmitting-end alternative narrow beam set;

the receiving unit is further configured to perform narrow beam training with the first device, and determine a receiving-end candidate narrow beam set; and determining N kinds of beam combinations for sending the N groups of training sequences according to the originating alternative narrow beam set and the receiving alternative narrow beam set.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the sending unit is further configured to:

14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the sending unit is further configured to:

15. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the receiving unit is further configured to:

16. The apparatus according to any of claims 12 to 15, wherein the sending unit is further configured to: