CN108090957A - The method of mapping landform based on BIM - Google Patents
The method of mapping landform based on BIM Download PDFInfo
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- CN108090957A CN108090957A CN201711165366.4A CN201711165366A CN108090957A CN 108090957 A CN108090957 A CN 108090957A CN 201711165366 A CN201711165366 A CN 201711165366A CN 108090957 A CN108090957 A CN 108090957A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/05—Geographic models
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
- G06T17/10—Constructive solid geometry [CSG] using solid primitives, e.g. cylinders, cubes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2200/00—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general
- G06T2200/08—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general involving all processing steps from image acquisition to 3D model generation
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of the mapping landform based on BIM, include the following steps：The terrain data of landform to be measured is obtained using unmanned plane；Three-dimensional point cloud model is generated using the terrain data；And the threedimensional model of corresponding landform to be measured is formed based on the three-dimensional point cloud model using BIM technology.The method of mapping landform provided by the invention, function is surveyed and drawn by the low latitude of unmanned plane and obtains terrain data, and terrain data is handled and directly obtains threedimensional model, powerful guarantee is provided so as to understand for architect and investigate plot wire, have the advantages that modeling efficiency is high, full and accurate place data and efficiently processing service are provided for architect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mappings in building engineering field, refer in particular to a kind of method of the mapping landform based on BIM.
Background technology
Since building is the complicated modeling object of construction, intelligent, automation limitation, automatic trigonometric ratio, structure
The model of face generation is difficult to that architect is made to be satisfied with, and manual delineation, repairing even artificial implants modulo operation are all inevitable, this
Sample will significantly reduce the efficiency of modeling, and therefore, the automation extraction of useful data becomes necessary research direction.
The content of the invention
The defects of it is an object of the invention to overcome the prior art, provides a kind of method of the mapping landform based on BIM, solution
The problem of certainly existing automatic modeling needs manual repair or reconstruction and causes modeling efficiency low.
Realizing the technical solution of above-mentioned purpose is：
The present invention provides a kind of methods of the mapping landform based on BIM, include the following steps：
The terrain data of landform to be measured is obtained using unmanned plane；
Three-dimensional point cloud model is generated using the terrain data；And
The threedimensional model of corresponding landform to be measured is formed based on the three-dimensional point cloud model using BIM technology.
The method of mapping landform provided by the invention surveys and draws function by the low latitude of unmanned plane and obtains terrain data, and right
Terrain data is handled and directly obtains threedimensional model, is tried hard to keep so as to understand and investigate plot wire to have provided for architect
Barrier, has the advantages that modeling efficiency is high, and full and accurate place data and efficiently processing service are provided for architect.
Further improvements in methods the present invention is based on the mapping landform of BIM are, geodetic is being treated using unmanned plane acquisition
Before the terrain data of shape, further include：
The unmanned plane being adapted to according to the terrain-choosing to be measured.
Further improvements in methods the present invention is based on the mapping landform of BIM are, the unmanned plane include fixed-wing without
Man-machine, unmanned helicopter and multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle.
Further improvements in methods the present invention is based on the mapping landform of BIM are, geodetic is being treated using unmanned plane acquisition
During the terrain data of shape, further include：
Flight path is set for the unmanned plane so that the unmanned plane, which flies and obtains along the flight path, treats geodetic
The terrain data of shape.
Further improvements in methods the present invention is based on the mapping landform of BIM are, landform to be measured is obtained using unmanned plane
Terrain data, including：
Rotation sweep is carried out to the landform to be measured using the laser scanner on the unmanned plane and forms cloud data collection；
At least two photographs are shot to the target in the landform to be measured in different seats in the plane using the camera on the unmanned plane
Piece forms image data.
Further improvements in methods the present invention is based on the mapping landform of BIM are, three are generated using the terrain data
Point cloud model is tieed up, including：
The cloud data collection and the image data are associated, so that the cloud data collection and the image number
It is mapped according to mutual registration, and image output cloud data；
Based on the image cloud data, carried out in a manner that a cloud renders the interpretation of atural object element and collect it is dotted,
The atural object element of wire and planar is carried out the interpretation of atural object element in a manner of full-view image and collected on full-view image
Topographic map, so as to the atural object element of the dotted, wire and planar and the topographical pattern into three-dimensional point cloud model.
Further improvements in methods the present invention is based on the mapping landform of BIM are, the three-dimensional is based on using BIM technology
Point cloud model forms the threedimensional model of corresponding landform to be measured, including：
Corresponding landform boundary line is sketched out based on the topographic map in the three-dimensional point cloud model；
It, will using the dotted, wire in the three-dimensional point cloud model and the atural object of planar in the landform boundary line
Element sketches out the contour line of building horizontal cross-section；
Depth of building is calculated by contour line stretching by the three-dimensional point cloud model so as to form building
Model；
Texture blending is carried out to the image data and forms texture mapping data, using the texture mapping data to being built
Vertical building model carries out corresponding texture mapping processing, so as to form threedimensional model.
Further improvements in methods the present invention is based on the mapping landform of BIM are, three are generated using the terrain data
Before tieing up point cloud model, further include：
Noise cleaning is carried out to the terrain data, is cleared up by noise and goes the interference data in the terrain data
It removes, the interference data include vehicle, personnel and lamp stand.
Further improvements in methods the present invention is based on the mapping landform of BIM are, three are generated using the terrain data
Before tieing up point cloud model, further include：
Blind area is carried out to the terrain data to fill up, it is corresponding addedly using unmanned plane reacquisition for blind zone position
Graphic data, and the supplement terrain data is filled to the blind zone position in the terrain data.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the mapping landform the present invention is based on BIM.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further described in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
It is compact using the build of unmanned plane the present invention provides a kind of method of the mapping landform based on BIM refering to Fig. 1,
On the basis of the topographic survey quality of data is ensured, hence it is evident that lower use cost, make it ideally suited for use in small range, high-precision,
Timeliness requires higher mapping task, insufficient in Fundamental Geographic Information System, and unmanned aerial vehicle platform is adapted in use to complete
Low latitude is surveyed and drawn.The method of the mapping landform of the present invention carries out the terrain data that unmanned plane is surveyed and drawn processing and transforms into three-dimensional mould
Type so that terrain data can intuitively be shown, understand for architect and investigation present situation of massif provides sound assurance, and can
Full and accurate place data and efficiently processing service are provided.Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the present invention is based on the sides of the mapping landform of BIM
Method illustrates.
Refering to Fig. 1, it is shown that the present invention is based on the flow charts of the method for the mapping landform of BIM.With reference to Fig. 1, to this
The method of mapping landform of the invention based on BIM illustrates.
As shown in Figure 1, the method for the mapping landform based on BIM of the present invention includes the following steps：
Step S21 is performed, the terrain data of landform to be measured is obtained using unmanned plane；Then step S22 is performed.
Step S22 is performed, three-dimensional point cloud model is generated using terrain data；Then step S23 is performed
Perform step S23, using BIM technology be based on three-dimensional point cloud model formed threedimensional model, the threedimensional model with it is to be measured
Landform is corresponding, and the terrain data that the present invention is obtained unmanned plane by BIM technology has carried out three-dimensional simulation, forms convenient for straight
The threedimensional model checked and handled is seen, efficiently make use of useful data, automation extraction is realized to useful data.
As the better embodiment of the present invention, before the terrain data of landform to be measured is obtained using unmanned plane, go back
Including：
The unmanned plane being adapted to according to terrain-choosing to be measured.It is preferred that it needs to select the type of unmanned plane according to project
It selects, unmanned plane includes fixed-wing unmanned plane, unmanned helicopter and multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle.
It is wherein remote for project demand voyage, fixed-wing unmanned plane can be selected.The fixed-wing unmanned plane needs runway landing,
It needs to aid in lifting gear using catapult-assisted take-off frame, parachute etc. in the case of no runway.End is required for the hang time
It may be selected to use unmanned helicopter and multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle with City Regions.The hang time of unmanned helicopter is relatively short, can
To be used in City Regions, it can hover or move slowly in the air, the atural objects data model such as building of acquisition is more accurate, blind area
It is less, suitable for design when place information gathering, which can assembling motor, petrol engine, aviation kerosine whirlpool
The different dynamics such as turbine not only can perform low altitude photogrammetry task, be even more the high-end mapping god such as airborne lidar instrument
Optimal carrier.The control machine of multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle is relatively short, can be used in City Regions, can hover in the air or at a slow speed
Mobile, the atural objects data model such as building of acquisition is more accurate, and blind area is less, place information gathering during suitable for design.This is more
Rotor wing unmanned aerial vehicle is mostly battery power, and volume smaller, use is more flexible, steel plate, is suitable for carrying the extreme low-altitude photography of camera progress
Measurement.
As another better embodiment of the present invention, when obtaining the terrain data of landform to be measured using unmanned plane, go back
Including：Flight path is set for unmanned plane so that unmanned plane flies along flight path and obtains the terrain data of landform to be measured.
Target in landform to be measured is set, target is evenly provided in landform to be measured, determines that unmanned plane obtains by the position of target
The position of the terrain data taken, so as to be spliced using target to terrain data.
Further, the terrain data of landform to be measured is obtained using unmanned plane to be included：
Geodetic shape, which is treated, using the laser scanner on unmanned plane carries out rotation sweep formation cloud data collection；
Using the camera on unmanned plane shadow is formed in target shooting at least two photos that different seats in the plane are treated in geodetic shape
As data.
It is preferred that laser scanner and camera are mounted on unmanned plane, so as to treated in unmanned plane along flight path
Above geodetic shape during flight, by the probe fast spinecho scan periphery landform of laser scanner, probe sweeps landform
Tens thousand of a three-dimensional points can be obtained per second by retouching, while fixed with Airborne GPS (global positioning system), INS (inertial navigation system) etc.
The data such as the real-time record-setting flight device self-position of appearance equipment, attitudes vibration are determined in position.It is deformed by camera lens, focal length, pixel number
After the series of parameters such as amount " elements of interior orientation " of camera (be referred to as), using the camera in different seats in the plane, same target is clapped
No less than two photos are taken the photograph, obtain the image data of each point position.Since seat in the plane is different, then same o'clock of earth's surface is in two photos
In image space it is inevitable different, can be found according to the position and image recognition technology of camera itself during shooting it is three-dimensional to for
The naturally special point of object, backwards calculation there emerged a spatial position a little.
As the another better embodiment of the present invention, included using terrain data generation three-dimensional point cloud model：Cloud will be put
Data set and image data are associated, the registration mapping so that cloud data collection and image data match, and image output point cloud
Data；
Based on image cloud data, the interpretation of atural object element is carried out in a manner that a cloud renders and collects dotted, wire
And the atural object element of planar, the interpretation of atural object element is carried out in a manner of full-view image and collects the landform on full-view image
Figure, so as to dotted, wire and planar atural object element and topographical pattern into three-dimensional point cloud model.
Further, the threedimensional model of corresponding landform to be measured is formed based on three-dimensional point cloud model using BIM technology, including：
Corresponding landform boundary line is sketched out based on the topographic map in three-dimensional point cloud model；
In in landform boundary line, sketched out using the dotted, wire in three-dimensional point cloud model and the atural object element of planar
The contour line of building horizontal cross-section；
Depth of building is calculated by contour line stretching by three-dimensional point cloud model so as to form building model；
Texture blending is carried out to image data and forms texture mapping data, using texture mapping data to the building established
Object model carries out corresponding texture mapping processing, corresponding textures texture is shown in the three-dimensional model, so as to form three
Dimension module.
The building model formed, which includes, builds the models such as object, road surface, upright bar, trade, trees.
It is preferred that the three-dimensional point cloud model formed is stored as DEM workable for BIM software systems, DSM formatted datas, and
The three-dimensional point cloud model is imported into BIM software systems afterwards, first generates landform, then by BIM 3 d modeling softwares to building
The relation of place surrounding building, communal facility carries out reasonably analysis and utilizes.
As another better embodiment of the present invention, before generating three-dimensional point cloud model using terrain data, further include：
Noise cleaning is carried out to terrain data, the interference data in terrain data are removed by noise cleaning, disturb number
According to including vehicle, personnel and lamp stand.For the project of plot environment complexity, noise cleaning needs to remove vehicle, personnel, lamp stand
Deng interference data.
It is preferred that before generating three-dimensional point cloud model using terrain data, further include：
Blind area is carried out to terrain data to fill up, and corresponding addedly figurate number is reacquired using unmanned plane for blind zone position
According to, and supplement terrain data is filled into the blind zone position into terrain data.Ergodic judgement is carried out to the terrain data obtained,
Blind zone position is found out, since terrain to be measured is provided with uniform target, can blind zone position be known by target, so as to be directed to
The supplement that blind zone position carries out data obtains to form supplement terrain data, and then completes to fill up blind area in terrain data.
The present invention is based on BIM technology using the method for small drone mapping landform, work(is surveyed and drawn by the low latitude of unmanned plane
Terrain data can be obtained, threedimensional model is obtained from being handled terrain data, treats geodetic shape and carried out intuitively model
Displaying, and the terrain data that unmanned plane directly make use of to obtain during modeling, save manual delineation, repairing and ground parameter
The operations such as several measurement acquisitions, modeling efficiency is high, and the powerful guarantee of present situation of massif is understood and investigated for architect, is applied it to
In terrain modeling or Buildings Modeling work, full and accurate place data and efficiently processing service are provided for architect.
The present invention is described in detail above in association with attached drawing embodiment, those skilled in the art can be according to upper
It states and bright many variations example is made to the present invention.Thus, some details in embodiment should not form limitation of the invention, this
Invention will be using the scope that the appended claims define as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
- A kind of 1. method of the mapping landform based on BIM, which is characterized in that include the following steps：The terrain data of landform to be measured is obtained using unmanned plane；Three-dimensional point cloud model is generated using the terrain data；AndThe threedimensional model of corresponding landform to be measured is formed based on the three-dimensional point cloud model using BIM technology.
- 2. the method for the mapping landform based on BIM as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that treated using unmanned plane acquisition Before the terrain data of geodetic shape, further include：The unmanned plane being adapted to according to the terrain-choosing to be measured.
- 3. the method for the mapping landform based on BIM as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the unmanned plane includes fixing Wing unmanned plane, unmanned helicopter and multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle.
- 4. the method for the mapping landform based on BIM as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that treated using unmanned plane acquisition During the terrain data of geodetic shape, further include：Flight path is set for the unmanned plane so that the unmanned plane flies along the flight path and obtains landform to be measured Terrain data.
- 5. the method for the mapping landform based on BIM as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that obtained using unmanned plane to be measured The terrain data of landform, including：Rotation sweep is carried out to the landform to be measured using the laser scanner on the unmanned plane and forms cloud data collection；At least two photos, shape are shot to the target in the landform to be measured in different seats in the plane using the camera on the unmanned plane Into image data.
- 6. the method for the mapping landform based on BIM as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that given birth to using the terrain data Into three-dimensional point cloud model, including：The cloud data collection and the image data are associated, so that the cloud data collection and the image data phase Mutually registration mapping, and image output cloud data；Based on the image cloud data, the interpretation of atural object element is carried out in a manner that a cloud renders and collects dotted, wire And the atural object element of planar, the interpretation of atural object element is carried out in a manner of full-view image and collects the landform on full-view image Figure, so as to the atural object element of the dotted, wire and planar and the topographical pattern into three-dimensional point cloud model.
- 7. the method for the mapping landform based on BIM as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that be based on using BIM technology described Three-dimensional point cloud model forms the threedimensional model of corresponding landform to be measured, including：Corresponding landform boundary line is sketched out based on the topographic map in the three-dimensional point cloud model；In in the landform boundary line, hooked using the dotted, wire in the three-dimensional point cloud model and the atural object element of planar Draw the contour line of building horizontal cross-section；Depth of building is calculated by contour line stretching by the three-dimensional point cloud model so as to form building model；Texture blending is carried out to the image data and forms texture mapping data, using the texture mapping data to being established Building model carries out corresponding texture mapping processing, so as to form threedimensional model.
- 8. the method for the mapping landform based on BIM as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that given birth to using the terrain data Into before three-dimensional point cloud model, further include：Noise cleaning is carried out to the terrain data, is removed the interference data in the terrain data by noise cleaning, institute Stating interference data includes vehicle, personnel and lamp stand.
- 9. the method for the mapping landform based on BIM as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that given birth to using the terrain data Into before three-dimensional point cloud model, further include：Blind area is carried out to the terrain data to fill up, and corresponding addedly figurate number is reacquired using unmanned plane for blind zone position According to, and the supplement terrain data is filled to the blind zone position in the terrain data.
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| CN109410330A (en) * | 2018-11-12 | 2019-03-01 | 中国十七冶集团有限公司 | One kind being based on BIM technology unmanned plane modeling method |
| CN109579793A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-04-05 | 广州供电局有限公司 | Mapping method, apparatus, flying platform, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN109571769A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-04-05 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Concrete agitation station setting method |
| CN109741451A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-05-10 | 陈树铭 | A kind of system that three-dimensional earth's surface BIM model is constructed based on topographic map |
| CN109945868A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-06-28 | 西安爱生技术集团公司 | A kind of unmanned plane target irradiation course line automatic planning |
| CN110335247A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-10-15 | 广东民航机场建设有限公司 | Defect positioning method, device, equipment and storage medium based on BIM model |
| CN110426020A (en) * | 2019-08-20 | 2019-11-08 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A kind of portable landform Digital Photogrammetric System and its measurement method |
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| CN112396699A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-23 | 常州市星图测绘科技有限公司 | Method for automatically sketching land parcel based on unmanned aerial vehicle image |
| CN112906092A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-06-04 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Mapping method and mapping system |
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| CN109571769A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-04-05 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Concrete agitation station setting method |
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| CN112906092A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-06-04 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Mapping method and mapping system |
| CN112906092B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2023-10-03 | 广东博智林机器人有限公司 | Mapping method and mapping system |
| CN112268541A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-26 | 中国有色金属长沙勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Three-dimensional space detection method |
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| CN112396699A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-23 | 常州市星图测绘科技有限公司 | Method for automatically sketching land parcel based on unmanned aerial vehicle image |
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