CN108088501B - 一种光纤传感器的初始波长自动修正方法 - Google Patents

一种光纤传感器的初始波长自动修正方法 Download PDF

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CN108088501B
CN108088501B CN201711349537.9A CN201711349537A CN108088501B CN 108088501 B CN108088501 B CN 108088501B CN 201711349537 A CN201711349537 A CN 201711349537A CN 108088501 B CN108088501 B CN 108088501B
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杨书仁
张娜
姚建群
杨圣超
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    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • GPHYSICS
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    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35306Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
    • G01D5/35309Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer
    • G01D5/35316Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer using a Bragg gratings

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种光纤传感器的初始波长自动修正方法,其整体步骤为:选择监测桥梁;安装相应的光纤传感器;通过光纤传感器采集桥梁结构信号,再通过光纤光栅解调仪将光纤传感器采集到的信号转化为实时的波长数据;绘制波长数据曲线;对外部车辆荷载作用及无荷载作用的时段进行划分;选取10~30分钟内无荷载作用的时段作为初始波长计算时段;选取初始波长计算时段内最后1~5分钟的波长数据进行平均值计算,取平均值的计算结果作为传感器的新的初始波长。本发明解决了光纤传感器波长随时间漂移的问题,使得传感器的监测数据更加真实的反应桥梁结构,便于桥梁养护管理人员更加及时和科学分析结构存在的问题,为桥梁的安全运营保驾护航。

Description

一种光纤传感器的初始波长自动修正方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种修正方法,尤其涉及一种光纤传感器的初始波长自动修正方法,属于桥梁健康监测技术领域。
背景技术
目前光纤传感器在桥梁结构健康监测领域具有十分广泛的应用,光纤传感器以其优越的抗干扰性能、灵敏度高、稳定好、使用寿命长等特点,将成为未来结构健康监测领域传感器发展的主流方向。但是由于光纤传感器在运输和安装过程中,其实际初始波长会发生改变,若在开始进行数据采集并计算时,继续使用厂家提供的初始波长进行计算,会导致计算结果出现较大的偏差,使得监测数据异常,不能及时发现桥梁结构存在的问题,无法对于桥梁的安全评价提供准确的数据支持。
目前,光纤传感器的初始波长修正方法均是通过人工逐一的根据采集到的数据进行计算之后而修正的,但是由于监测系统常规使用的光纤传感器数量较多,导致每次修正会耗费大量的时间和精力,而且在此期间系统采集的数据均为异常数据,会导致无法准确有效的捕捉桥梁结构的健康和安全信息,从而造成较大的安全隐患。因此,如何快速的对光纤传感器的初始波长进行修正是目前行业的难点,为了能快速准确的对光纤传感器初始波长进行修正,需要开发一种切实可行的新方法。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术所存在的不足之处,本发明提供了一种光纤传感器的初始波长自动修正方法。
为了解决以上技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案是:一种光纤传感器的初始波长自动修正方法,其整体步骤为:
步骤S1、选择监测桥梁,并对其结构进行分析,确定监测项目;
步骤S2、根据监测项目选定相应的光纤传感器,并在相应的测点位置进行光纤传感器的安装;
步骤S3、通过光纤传感器采集桥梁结构的应变、变形、位移信号,再通过光纤光栅解调仪将光纤传感器采集到的信号转化为实时的波长数据;
步骤S4、选取一天中环境温度较低的1:00至4:00时段的波长数据,并将波长数据绘制成曲线;
步骤S5、将前后一分钟的波长的差值绝对值>10皮米的时段,认定为外部车辆荷载作用下的时间段;
步骤S6、将前后一分钟的波长的差值绝对值≤10皮米的时段,认定为无外部车辆荷载作用下的时段;再选取10~30分钟内波长的差值绝对值均≤10皮米的时段作为初始波长计算的时段;
步骤S7、选取初始波长计算时段内最后1~5分钟的波长数据进行平均值计算,取平均值的计算结果作为传感器的新的初始波长;
步骤S8、传感器的新的初始波长在每次标定完成后,将操作过程写入监测系统日志中供后续查询纠错。
本发明解决了光纤传感器波长随时间漂移的问题,使得传感器的监测数据更加真实的反应桥梁结构,便于桥梁养护管理人员更加及时和科学分析结构存在的问题,为桥梁的安全运营保驾护航。
附图说明
图1为本发明的整体流程示意图。
图2为一号传感器在凌晨一点至三点时段内的波长数据曲线图。
图3为二号传感器在凌晨一点至三点时段内的波长数据曲线图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1所示的一种光纤传感器的初始波长自动修正方法,其具体步骤为:
步骤S1、选择监测桥梁,并对其结构进行分析,确定监测项目;
步骤S2、根据监测项目选定相应的光纤传感器,对光纤传感器进行参数选择以及布点设计之后在相应的测点位置安装光纤传感器;
步骤S3、通过光纤传感器采集桥梁结构的应变、变形、位移信号,再通过光纤光栅解调仪将光纤传感器采集到的信号转化为实时的波长数据;
步骤S4、选取一天中环境温度较低的凌晨1:00至4:00时段的波长数据,并将波长数据绘制成曲线,如图2、图3所示;
步骤S5、由于传感器初始波长的修正需要在桥梁结构无外部荷载作用的情况下进行,因此,先对桥梁结构在时段内是否荷载进行区分;
首先将前后一分钟的波长的差值绝对值>10皮米的时段,认定为外部车辆荷载作用下的时间段;即,用后一分钟(第n分钟)的波长λmaxn减去前一分钟(第m分钟)的波长λmaxm,若|λmaxn-λmaxm|>10皮米,则认定该时段为外部车辆荷载作用下的时间段;
若一分钟之内进行了多次波长测定,则取该分钟内的波长最大值参与运算;以图2为例,1:32-1:42这10分钟内的数据表示有外部荷载作用;其中,10皮米=0.010纳米;
步骤S6、然后将前后一分钟的波长的差值绝对值≤10皮米的时段,认定为无外部车辆荷载作用下的时段;即,用后一分钟(第n分钟)的波长λmaxn减去前一分钟(第m分钟)的波长λmaxm,若|λmaxn-λmaxm|≤10皮米,则认定该时段为无外部车辆荷载作用下的时段;
若一分钟之内进行了多次波长测定,则取该分钟内的波长最大值参与运算;以图3为例,1:43-2:13这30分钟内的数据表示无外部荷载作用;
然后选取10~30分钟内波长的差值绝对值均≤10皮米的时段作为初始波长计算的时段,如图3所示的1:43-2:13时间段;
步骤S7、选取初始波长计算时段内最后1~5分钟的波长数据进行平均值AVG计算,取平均值的计算结果作为传感器的新的初始波长;如图2、图3所示,可选取2:08-2:13这5分钟内的数据分别计算平均值λavg1、λavg2,计算结果分别为一号传感器和二号传感器新的初始波长值;
步骤S8、传感器的新的初始波长在每次标定完成后,将操作过程写入监测系统日志中供后续查询纠错。本修正方法即可以系统设定也可以人工操作,方便实用,适应范围广。
本发明可以通过结构健康监测系统实现光纤传感器的初始波长自动修正,从而获得实时准确的监测数据。本发明能在桥梁结构出现问题时,及时捕捉和记录下真实的数据,为结构健康监测系统对数据的准确分析提供了支撑和保障。本方法可以大幅度降低人员标定的工作量,杜绝人为判断失误带来的不利影响,并且节省桥梁管养单位的人力和物力,对桥梁健康监测系统的发展有着重要的意义。
上述实施方式并非是对本发明的限制,本发明也并不仅限于上述举例,本技术领域的技术人员在本发明的技术方案范围内所做出的变化、改型、添加或替换,也均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (1)

1.一种光纤传感器的初始波长自动修正方法,其特征在于:所述方法的整体步骤为:
步骤S1、选择监测桥梁,并对其结构进行分析,确定监测项目;
步骤S2、根据监测项目选定相应的光纤传感器,并在相应的测点位置进行光纤传感器的安装;
步骤S3、通过光纤传感器采集桥梁结构的应变、变形、位移信号,再通过光纤光栅解调仪将光纤传感器采集到的信号转化为实时的波长数据;
步骤S4、选取一天中环境温度较低的1:00至4:00时段的波长数据,并将波长数据绘制成曲线;
步骤S5、用后一分钟的波长λmaxn减去前一分钟的波长λmaxm,若|λmaxn-λmaxm|>10皮米,则认定该时段为外部车辆荷载作用下的时间段;
步骤S6、用后一分钟的波长λmaxn减去前一分钟的波长λmaxm,若|λmaxn-λmaxm|≤10皮米,则认定该时段为无外部车辆荷载作用下的时段;再选取10~30分钟内波长的差值绝对值均≤10皮米的时段作为初始波长计算的时段;
步骤S7、选取初始波长计算时段内最后1~5分钟的波长数据进行平均值计算,取平均值的计算结果作为传感器的新的初始波长;
步骤S8、传感器的新的初始波长在每次标定完成后,将操作过程写入监测系统日志中供后续查询纠错。
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Application publication date: 20180529

Assignee: CCCC road and bridge inspection and maintenance Co.,Ltd.

Assignor: CCCC INFRASTRUCTURE MAINTENANCE GROUP CO.,LTD.

Contract record no.: X2023980051369

Denomination of invention: An Automatic Correction Method for Initial Wavelength of Fiber Optic Sensors

Granted publication date: 20210126

License type: Common License

Record date: 20231211

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