CN108085740A - A kind of preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108085740A
CN108085740A CN201711487486.6A CN201711487486A CN108085740A CN 108085740 A CN108085740 A CN 108085740A CN 201711487486 A CN201711487486 A CN 201711487486A CN 108085740 A CN108085740 A CN 108085740A
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calcium sulfate
whisker
anhydrous calcium
preparation
sulfuric acid
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袁明
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Jiaxing City Jiahong Technology Service Technology Co Ltd
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Jiaxing City Jiahong Technology Service Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30BSINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B7/00Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions
    • C30B7/14Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions the crystallising materials being formed by chemical reactions in the solution
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30BSINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B29/00Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
    • C30B29/10Inorganic compounds or compositions
    • C30B29/46Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C30CRYSTAL GROWTH
    • C30BSINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C30B29/00Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
    • C30B29/60Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape characterised by shape
    • C30B29/62Whiskers or needles

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker, include the following steps:S1. excessive gypsum powder is added in sulfuric acid solution and stirred evenly, filter out filter residue, the dispersant of 0.5~1wt% and the crystal modifier of 0.03~0.08wt% are sequentially added into filtrate, after stirring evenly, mixed solution is aged 1~2h in the case where temperature is 95~105 DEG C, after the completion of reaction, product is filtered and is washed, obtain hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker;S2. the hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker in drying steps S1 is to get anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker.The technical program is directly acidified gypsum powder, SO with sulfuric acid solution4 2‑Amount be more than Ca2+Amount, be conducive to generate hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker, while accelerate whisker growth speed;A certain amount of dispersant and crystal modifier are added in, is 95~105 DEG C of 1~2h of ageing in temperature, advantageously forms the calcium sulfate crystal whiskers of particle size and draw ratio evenly.

Description

A kind of preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker
Technical field
The invention belongs to inorganic chemical industry technical field of material, and in particular to a kind of preparation side of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker Method.
Background technology
Calcium sulfate crystal whiskers are called crystal whisker of gypsum, are the fibrous monocrystal of calcium sulfate, are divided into as anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker, and half H 2 O calcium sulphate whisker and anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker, wherein hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker and anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker, especially anhydrous sulphur Sour calcium pyroborate has larger intensity and higher use value.Anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker building, medicine, plastics, rubber and Field of environment protection has important purposes, very extensive in the field application of composite material reinforcing component.
The enhancing performance and its appearance structure of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker are closely related.General diameter is smaller, and draw ratio is bigger, The enhancing performance of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker is better;The granularity of whisker is more uniform, and the whole enhancing performance of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker is got over It is good.The preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker mainly has water autoclave method and normal pressure acidization at present.Water autoclave method is by certain matter The dihydrate gypsum suspension of amount fraction is added in hydrothermal reaction kettle, is depressed and is reacted in saturated vapor, tiny acicular sulfuric acid is made Calcium pyroborate.This kind of method has many advantages, such as high conversion rate and simple for process, but generally requires temperature at 100-200 DEG C, to hydro-thermal The requirement of reaction unit is high, and production cost is higher, and industrial applications are subject to certain restrictions.Some of which method also needs to add in certain The crystal seed and additive of ratio, process complexity and cost increase, and regulation and control are cumbersome.Normal pressure acidization refers to two water of high concentration Gypsum suspension is placed in the acid solution under certain temperature, by regulating and controlling acidity (pH value) and reaction temperature, is allowed to change into Needle-shaped or fibrous hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker.Compared with water autoclave method, high temperature, high-pressure reactor is not required in the method, and cost has It is reduced.But the granule size of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker is uneven made from this method, draw ratio is uneven, to anhydrous slufuric acid The enhancing performance of calcium pyroborate affects.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned technical deficiency, a kind of preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker is proposed, solve Certainly anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker granule size is uneven in the prior art and the non-uniform technical problem of draw ratio.
To reach above-mentioned technical purpose, technical scheme provides a kind of preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker, Include the following steps:
S1. excessive gypsum powder is added in sulfuric acid solution and stirred evenly, filter out filter residue, added successively into filtrate Enter the dispersant of 0.5~1wt% and the crystal modifier of 0.03~0.08wt%, after stirring evenly, by mixed solution temperature be 95 1~2h is aged at~105 DEG C, after the completion of reaction, product is filtered and is washed, obtain hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker;
S2. the hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker in drying steps S1 is to get anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention include:The technical program is directly acidified raw stone with sulfuric acid solution Cream powder, SO4 2-Amount be more than Ca2+Amount, be conducive to Ca2+And SO4 2-With reference to generation hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker, while whisker growth The speed of process can also be accelerated;Excessive gypsum powder is directly used as raw material, gypsum and sulfuric acid solution can be increased Contact area is accelerated to form the speed of supersaturated solution, is conducive to generate calcium sulfate crystal whiskers;Add in dispersant and crystal modifier, profit The peptizaiton of mixed solution and the solution component allotment of crystal modifier are acted on dispersant, the two and sulfuric acid solution cooperation make With, there is selective absorption effect on solid product surface, inhibit the radial growth of whisker, promotion axial growth and whisker disperses It obtains evenly;The dosage of control dispersant and crystal modifier not only can make reaction carry out more thorough, be also beneficial to form grain The calcium sulfate crystal whiskers of footpath size and draw ratio evenly.Aging Temperature in the technical program is 95~105 DEG C, and digestion time is 1~2h is conducive to the generation of hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker and the stabilization of shape characteristic.Method using the present invention can obtain major diameter Than the anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker with granule size evenly, reinforcing material can be used as plastics, rubber, papermaking, ceramics, cement Etc. industries.
Specific embodiment
The present embodiment provides a kind of preparation methods of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker, specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material:Gypsum of the purity more than 90% is crushed and carries out fine grinding, screens out grain size less than 20mm Gypsum powder.
(2) stock up according to following mass ratio:It is 2~4 according to the mass ratio of gypsum powder and sulfuric acid solution:1 weighs life The concentration of gypsum powder and sulfuric acid solution, wherein sulfuric acid solution is 10%~20%;Then it is molten according to dispersant and sulfuric acid respectively Liquid mass ratio is 0.005~0.01 and crystal modifier and sulfuric acid solution mass ratio are 0.0003~0.0008 to weigh dispersant and turn Brilliant agent;
(3) ageing reaction:Gypsum powder is added in into sulfuric acid solution, it is stirring while adding, after being uniformly mixed, filter out Then filter residue sequentially adds the dispersant of 0.5~1wt% and the crystal modifier of 0.03~0.08wt%, dispersant choosing into filtrate With lauryl sodium sulfate or dodecyl sulphate potassium, both substances belong to alkali metal fatty acid salt, add in above-mentioned mix Zoarium system will not only inhibit the growth of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers, moreover it is possible to provide SO4 2-Promote calcium sulfate crystal whiskers growth, crystal modifier by Alum and sodium citrate composition, and the mass ratio of alum and sodium citrate is 7~9:1, K+And Al3+With RCOO-Shape Into complex compound, inhibit the radial growth of calcium sulfate crystal whiskers, so as to improve draw ratio;Filtrate containing dispersant and crystal modifier is stirred It mixes after mixing, mixed solution is placed in thermostatical oil bath and is heated up, persistently overheating to 95~105 DEG C, it is 95 to keep temperature ~105 DEG C make mixed solution be aged 1~2h, after the completion of reaction, filtration product, and be washed with deionized solid product to get Hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker;
(4) drying and dehydrating:Since in hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker, the abjection of half of crystallization water need to be dehydrated through hydroxyl condensation, tie Structure the processes such as is reformed and can just be gradated as anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker, calcium sulfate 163 DEG C or so can fully dehydratings, it is therefore dry Temperature should be higher than 160 DEG C.Be in the present embodiment by the wet product of hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker insert while hot temperature up to 160 DEG C~ It is dried in 180 DEG C of calcining furnace, and dries 1h at this temperature, stopped heating, discharge after cooling, obtain dead plaster Whisker.
The preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker provided by the invention is given further below in conjunction with specific embodiment Explanation.The embodiments described below is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker is present embodiments provided, is specifically comprised the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material:Gypsum of the purity more than 90% is crushed and carries out fine grinding, screens out grain size less than 20mm Gypsum powder.
(2) stock up according to following mass ratio:3000g gypsum powder is weighed, 1000g concentration is 10% sulfuric acid solution, 8g lauryl sodium sulfate, 0.72g alums and 0.08g sodium citrates.
(3) ageing reaction:Gypsum powder is added in into sulfuric acid solution, it is stirring while adding, after being uniformly mixed, filter out Then filter residue sequentially adds dispersant and crystal modifier into filtrate, and is uniformly mixed, mixed solution is placed in constant temperature oil bath It heats up in pot, it is persistently overheating up to 100 DEG C, temperature is kept for 100 DEG C mixed solution to be made to be aged 1h, after the completion of reaction, filtering is produced Object, and solid product is washed with deionized to get hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker;
(4) drying and dehydrating:The wet product of hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker is inserted into temperature up to carrying out in 170 DEG C of calcining furnace while hot It is dry, and 1h is dried at this temperature, stop heating, discharge after cooling, obtain anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker.
A diameter of 0.1~1 μm of the anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker that the present embodiment obtains, draw ratio are 300~350.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker is present embodiments provided, is specifically comprised the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material:Gypsum of the purity more than 90% is crushed and carries out fine grinding, screens out grain size less than 20mm Gypsum powder.
(2) stock up according to following mass ratio:2000g gypsum powder is weighed, 1000g concentration is 15% sulfuric acid solution, 10g lauryl sodium sulfate, 0.2625g alums and 0.0375g sodium citrates.
(3) ageing reaction:Gypsum powder is added in into sulfuric acid solution, it is stirring while adding, after being uniformly mixed, filter out Then filter residue sequentially adds dispersant and crystal modifier into filtrate, and is uniformly mixed, mixed solution is placed in constant temperature oil bath It heats up in pot, it is persistently overheating up to 95 DEG C, temperature is kept for 95 DEG C mixed solution to be made to be aged 2h, after the completion of reaction, filtration product, And solid product is washed with deionized to get hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker;
(4) drying and dehydrating:The wet product of hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker is inserted into temperature up to carrying out in 180 DEG C of calcining furnace while hot It is dry, and 1h is dried at this temperature, stop heating, discharge after cooling, obtain anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker.
A diameter of 0.1~1 μm of the anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker that the present embodiment obtains, draw ratio are 300~350.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker is present embodiments provided, is specifically comprised the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw material:Gypsum of the purity more than 90% is crushed and carries out fine grinding, screens out grain size less than 20mm Gypsum powder.
(2) stock up according to following mass ratio:Weigh 2400g gypsum powder, 600g concentration is 20% sulfuric acid solution, 3g Dodecyl sulphate potassium, 0.32g alums and 0.04g sodium citrates.
(3) ageing reaction:Gypsum powder is added in into sulfuric acid solution, it is stirring while adding, after being uniformly mixed, filter out Then filter residue sequentially adds dispersant and crystal modifier into filtrate, and is uniformly mixed, mixed solution is placed in constant temperature oil bath It heats up in pot, it is persistently overheating up to 105 DEG C, temperature is kept for 105 DEG C mixed solution to be made to be aged 1.5h, after the completion of reaction, filtering Product, and solid product is washed with deionized to get hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker;
(4) drying and dehydrating:The wet product of hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker is inserted into temperature up to carrying out in 160 DEG C of calcining furnace while hot It is dry, and 1h is dried at this temperature, stop heating, discharge after cooling, obtain anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker.
A diameter of 0.1~1 μm of the anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker that the present embodiment obtains, draw ratio are 300~350.
The specific embodiment of present invention described above, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..Any basis The various other corresponding changes and deformation that the technical concept of the present invention is made, should be included in the guarantor of the claims in the present invention In the range of shield.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
S1. excessive gypsum powder is added in sulfuric acid solution and stirred evenly, filtered out filter residue, sequentially added into filtrate The dispersant of 0.5~1wt% and the crystal modifier of 0.03~0.08wt%, after stirring evenly, by mixed solution temperature for 95~ 1~2h is aged at 105 DEG C, after the completion of reaction, product is filtered and is washed, obtain hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker;
S2. the hemihydrate calcium sulfate crystal whisker in drying steps S1 is to get anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker.
2. the preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dispersant is 12 Sodium alkyl sulfate or dodecyl sulphate potassium.
3. the preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the crystal modifier is sulfuric acid Aluminium potassium and sodium citrate.
4. the preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the alum and lemon The mass ratio of lemon acid sodium is 7~9:1.
5. the preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gypsum powder and The mass ratio of sulfuric acid solution is 2~4:1.
6. the preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sulfuric acid solution it is dense It spends for 10%~20%.
7. the preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gypsum powder Purity is more than 90%, and grain size is less than 20mm.
8. the preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker according to claim 1, which is characterized in that dry in the step S2 Dry temperature is 160~180 DEG C.
CN201711487486.6A 2017-12-30 2017-12-30 A kind of preparation method of anhydrous calcium sulfate whisker Pending CN108085740A (en)

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Cited By (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109137084A (en) * 2018-09-10 2019-01-04 昆明理工大学 A kind of method of salting out method production Dihydrate gypsum whiskers
CN110438568A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-11-12 江苏一夫科技股份有限公司 A kind of method and system using citric acid gypsum production crystal whisker of gypsum
CN114436310A (en) * 2022-01-28 2022-05-06 山东祥生新材料科技股份有限公司 Production process and application of ellipsoidal three-dimensional crystal form calcium sulfate dihydrate

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109137084A (en) * 2018-09-10 2019-01-04 昆明理工大学 A kind of method of salting out method production Dihydrate gypsum whiskers
CN109137084B (en) * 2018-09-10 2021-06-18 昆明理工大学 Method for producing calcium sulfate dihydrate crystal whisker by salting-out method
CN110438568A (en) * 2019-07-31 2019-11-12 江苏一夫科技股份有限公司 A kind of method and system using citric acid gypsum production crystal whisker of gypsum
CN110438568B (en) * 2019-07-31 2024-02-27 一夫科技股份有限公司 Method and system for producing gypsum whisker by using citric acid gypsum
CN114436310A (en) * 2022-01-28 2022-05-06 山东祥生新材料科技股份有限公司 Production process and application of ellipsoidal three-dimensional crystal form calcium sulfate dihydrate
CN114436310B (en) * 2022-01-28 2024-03-12 山东祥生新材料科技股份有限公司 Production process and application of ellipsoidal three-dimensional crystal calcium sulfate dihydrate

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