CN108085141B - Preparation method of tuna fish oil - Google Patents
Preparation method of tuna fish oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN108085141B CN108085141B CN201711412848.5A CN201711412848A CN108085141B CN 108085141 B CN108085141 B CN 108085141B CN 201711412848 A CN201711412848 A CN 201711412848A CN 108085141 B CN108085141 B CN 108085141B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B13/00—Recovery of fats, fatty oils or fatty acids from waste materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/025—Pretreatment by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of tuna fish oil, which comprises the following steps: step 1) washing and crushing tuna leftovers by using clear water; step 2) adding pepsin into the pulp for carrying out primary enzymolysis, and simultaneously carrying out ultrasonic treatment to obtain primary enzymolysis liquid; step 3) placing the primary enzymolysis liquid in a high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, wherein the electric field intensity of the high-voltage pulse electric field is 55-60 kV/cm; step 4), adding neutral protease for secondary enzymolysis, and simultaneously performing ultrasonic treatment; step 5) adding hydrochloric acid into the secondary enzymolysis liquid, and continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol; step 6) placing the feed liquid in centrifugal equipment for centrifugal separation; and 7) adding activated carbon into the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 6), thereby obtaining the fish oil. The invention improves the extraction rate of the fish oil and the content of EPA and DHA in the fish oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to a preparation method of tuna fish oil.
Background
Fish is one of the important aquatic resources in China, and the yield of the fish is the first place in the world. However, many fish processing processes are limited to the utilization of fish muscle, and the processing and utilization of byproducts such as fish viscera, fish bones, fish heads and the like are less, and the byproducts are generally disposed as waste. The overall level of comprehensive utilization of fish leftovers in China is not high, and byproducts containing higher protein and fat content are not reasonably and effectively utilized, so that not only is the waste of resources caused, but also the environment is polluted, and how to effectively utilize the resources and change waste into valuables is an important research subject. The marine fish oil contains rich polyunsaturated fatty acids, the main components of which are EPA and DHA, and the polyunsaturated fatty acids have various physiological regulation functions of resisting inflammation, resisting thrombus, resisting tumor, promoting brain development, enhancing memory and the like. At present, the fish oil extracted at home is mostly extracted by a single method such as a saponification method, a molecular distillation method, a urea inclusion method, a CO2 method and the like, and the respective defects exist in the aspects of purity and oil yield; in addition, the problem of fishy smell removal of the internationally processed fish oil is not well solved. Therefore, how to fully utilize the fish leftovers and extract high-quality grease from the fish leftovers to the maximum extent, improve the added value of fish processing and reduce environmental pollution is an important issue at present.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing tuna fish oil, comprising:
step 1) washing tuna leftovers with clear water, smashing, adding water which is 0.5-2 times of the tuna leftovers to mix into slurry, and uniformly stirring the slurry;
step 2) adding pepsin into the pulp obtained in the step 1) for carrying out primary enzymolysis, wherein the primary enzymolysis temperature is 30-35 ℃, the pH value is 2-3, and the primary enzymolysis time is 9-10 hours, the adding amount of the pepsin is 2-2.5% of the mass of the pulp obtained in the step 1), and ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out in the primary enzymolysis process, and the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 800 plus 950kHz, so as to obtain primary enzymolysis liquid;
step 3) placing the primary enzymolysis liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 2) in a high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, wherein the electric field intensity of the high-voltage pulse electric field is 55-60kV/cm, the frequency is 100-150Hz, the pulse width is 20-25 mu s, and the treatment time is 5-10 s;
step 4) placing the material liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3) for 30-60min, adding neutral protease for secondary enzymolysis, wherein the temperature of the secondary enzymolysis is 40-45 ℃, the pH value is 8-9, the adding amount of the neutral protease is 2-3% of the material liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3), the time of the secondary enzymolysis is 3-4 h, and in the process of the secondary enzymolysis, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out, and the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 650-700kHz, so as to obtain secondary enzymolysis liquid; wherein the neutral protease is composed of trypsin, papain and subtilisin, and the mass ratio of the trypsin to the papain to the subtilisin is 4-5:1-2: 0.5-1;
step 5) adding hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 2-3% into the secondary enzymolysis liquid, adjusting the pH of the secondary enzymolysis liquid to 4-5, continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol in the secondary enzymolysis liquid is 65-70% of the volume of the secondary enzymolysis liquid, and standing for 20-23 hours;
step 6) placing the material liquid prepared in the step 5) into a centrifugal device for centrifugal separation, wherein the centrifugal rotation number is 8000-9000r/min, and the centrifugal treatment time is 26-33 min;
step 7) adding activated carbon into the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6), wherein the adding amount of the activated carbon is 3-4% of the mass of the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 6); and separating the activated carbon by adopting centrifugal equipment to obtain the fish oil.
Preferably, in the preparation method of the tuna fish oil, in the step 2), the temperature of primary enzymolysis is 30 ℃, the pH value is 2, and the time of the primary enzymolysis is 9 hours.
Preferably, in the method for preparing tuna fish oil, in the step 2), the pepsin is added in an amount of 2% of the mass of the slurry prepared in the step 1).
Preferably, in the preparation method of tuna fish oil, in the step 2), the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 800 kHz.
Preferably, in the preparation method of tuna fish oil, the electric field strength of the high-voltage pulse electric field is 55kV/cm, the frequency is 100Hz, the pulse width is 20 mus, and the treatment time is 5 s.
Preferably, in the preparation method of tuna fish oil, in the step 5), hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 2% is added into the secondary enzymolysis liquid, the pH of the secondary enzymolysis liquid is adjusted to 4-5, absolute ethyl alcohol is continuously added, the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol in the secondary enzymolysis liquid is 65% of the volume of the secondary enzymolysis liquid, and the tuna fish oil is allowed to stand for 20 hours.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a preparation method of tuna fish oil, which comprises the following steps: step 1) washing tuna leftovers with clear water, smashing, adding water which is 0.5-2 times of the tuna leftovers to mix into slurry, and uniformly stirring the slurry; step 2) adding pepsin into the pulp obtained in the step 1) for carrying out primary enzymolysis, wherein the primary enzymolysis temperature is 30-35 ℃, the pH value is 2-3, and the primary enzymolysis time is 9-10 hours, the adding amount of the pepsin is 2-2.5% of the mass of the pulp obtained in the step 1), and ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out in the primary enzymolysis process, and the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 800 plus 950kHz, so as to obtain primary enzymolysis liquid; step 3) placing the primary enzymolysis liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 2) in a high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, wherein the electric field intensity of the high-voltage pulse electric field is 55-60kV/cm, the frequency is 100-150Hz, the pulse width is 20-25 mu s, and the treatment time is 5-10 s; step 4) placing the material liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3) for 30-60min, adding neutral protease for secondary enzymolysis, wherein the temperature of the secondary enzymolysis is 40-45 ℃, the pH value is 8-9, the adding amount of the neutral protease is 2-3% of the material liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3), the time of the secondary enzymolysis is 3-4 h, and in the process of the secondary enzymolysis, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out, and the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 650-700kHz, so as to obtain secondary enzymolysis liquid; wherein the neutral protease is composed of trypsin, papain and subtilisin, and the mass ratio of the trypsin to the papain to the subtilisin is 4-5:1-2: 0.5-1; step 5) adding hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 2-3% into the secondary enzymolysis liquid, adjusting the pH of the secondary enzymolysis liquid to 4-5, continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol in the secondary enzymolysis liquid is 65-70% of the volume of the secondary enzymolysis liquid, and standing for 20-23 hours; step 6) placing the material liquid prepared in the step 5) into a centrifugal device for centrifugal separation, wherein the centrifugal rotation number is 8000-9000r/min, and the centrifugal treatment time is 26-33 min; step 7) adding activated carbon into the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6), wherein the adding amount of the activated carbon is 3-4% of the mass of the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6); and separating the activated carbon by adopting centrifugal equipment to obtain the fish oil.
The method carries out primary enzymolysis, high-voltage pulse electric field treatment and secondary enzymolysis on the slurry prepared from the tuna leftovers, so that on one hand, the extraction rate of the fish oil is improved, on the other hand, the damage to EPA and DHA is reduced, and the final content of the EPA and the DHA in the fish oil is improved; and ultrasonic treatment is adopted in the processes of primary enzymolysis and secondary enzymolysis simultaneously so as to improve the enzymolysis efficiency and finally improve the extraction rate of the fish oil.
The invention improves the extraction rate of the fish oil and the content of EPA and DHA in the fish oil.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1
Step 1) washing tuna leftovers with clear water, smashing, adding water which is 0.5 times of the tuna leftovers into the smashed tuna leftovers to mix into slurry, and uniformly stirring the slurry;
step 2) adding pepsin into the pulp obtained in the step 1) for carrying out primary enzymolysis, wherein the primary enzymolysis temperature is 30 ℃, the pH value is 2, and the primary enzymolysis time is 9 hours, the adding amount of the pepsin is 2% of the mass of the pulp obtained in the step 1), and ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out in the primary enzymolysis process, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 800kHz, so as to obtain primary enzymolysis liquid;
step 3) placing the primary enzymolysis liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 2) in a high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, wherein the electric field intensity of the high-voltage pulse electric field is 55kV/cm, the frequency is 100Hz, the pulse width is 20 microseconds, and the treatment time is 5 microseconds;
step 4) placing the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3) for 30min, adding neutral protease for secondary enzymolysis, wherein the temperature of the secondary enzymolysis is 40 ℃, the pH value is 8, the adding amount of the neutral protease is 2% of the mass of the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3), the time of the secondary enzymolysis is 3 hours, and in the process of the secondary enzymolysis, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out, and the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 650kHz, so as to obtain secondary enzymolysis liquid; the neutral protease is composed of trypsin, papain and subtilisin, and the mass ratio of the trypsin to the papain to the subtilisin is 4:1: 0.5;
step 5) adding hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 2% into the secondary enzymolysis liquid, adjusting the pH of the secondary enzymolysis liquid to 4-5, continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol in the secondary enzymolysis liquid is 65% of the volume of the secondary enzymolysis liquid, and standing for 20 hours;
step 6) placing the feed liquid prepared in the step 5) into a centrifugal device for centrifugal separation, wherein the centrifugal revolution is 8000r/min, and the centrifugal treatment time is 26 min;
step 7) adding activated carbon into the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6), wherein the adding amount of the activated carbon is 3% of the mass of the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6); and separating the activated carbon by adopting centrifugal equipment to obtain the fish oil.
Example 2
Step 1) washing tuna leftovers with clear water, smashing, adding water which is 2 times of the tuna leftovers to mix into slurry, and uniformly stirring the slurry;
step 2) adding pepsin into the pulp obtained in the step 1) for primary enzymolysis, wherein the primary enzymolysis temperature is 35 ℃, the pH value is 3, and the primary enzymolysis time is 10 hours, the adding amount of the pepsin is 2.5% of the mass of the pulp obtained in the step 1), and in the primary enzymolysis process, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 950kHz, so as to obtain primary enzymolysis liquid;
step 3) placing the primary enzymolysis liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 2) in a high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, wherein the electric field intensity of the high-voltage pulse electric field is 60kV/cm, the frequency is 150Hz, the pulse width is 25 microseconds, and the treatment time is 10 microseconds;
step 4) placing the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3) for 60min, adding neutral protease for secondary enzymolysis, wherein the temperature of the secondary enzymolysis is 45 ℃, the pH value is 9, the adding amount of the neutral protease is 3% of the mass of the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3), the time of the secondary enzymolysis is 4 hours, and in the process of the secondary enzymolysis, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out, and the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 700kHz, so as to obtain secondary enzymolysis liquid; the neutral protease is composed of trypsin, papain and subtilisin, and the mass ratio of the trypsin to the papain to the subtilisin is 5:2: 1;
step 5) adding hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 3% into the secondary enzymolysis liquid, adjusting the pH of the secondary enzymolysis liquid to 4-5, continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol in the secondary enzymolysis liquid is 70% of the volume of the secondary enzymolysis liquid, and standing for 23 hours;
step 6) placing the feed liquid prepared in the step 5) into a centrifugal device for centrifugal separation, wherein the centrifugal revolution is 9000r/min, and the centrifugal treatment time is 33 min;
step 7) adding activated carbon into the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6), wherein the adding amount of the activated carbon is 4% of the mass of the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6); and separating the activated carbon by adopting centrifugal equipment to obtain the fish oil.
Example 3
Step 1) washing tuna leftovers with clear water, smashing, adding water which is 2 times of the tuna leftovers to mix into slurry, and uniformly stirring the slurry;
step 2) adding pepsin into the pulp obtained in the step 1) for primary enzymolysis, wherein the primary enzymolysis temperature is 35 ℃, the pH value is 3, and the primary enzymolysis time is 10 hours, the adding amount of the pepsin is 2.5% of the mass of the pulp obtained in the step 1), and in the primary enzymolysis process, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 950kHz, so as to obtain primary enzymolysis liquid;
step 3) placing the primary enzymolysis liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 2) in a high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, wherein the electric field intensity of the high-voltage pulse electric field is 56kV/cm, the frequency is 120Hz, the pulse width is 22 microseconds, and the treatment time is 8 microseconds;
step 4) placing the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3) for 30min, adding neutral protease for secondary enzymolysis, wherein the temperature of the secondary enzymolysis is 43 ℃, the pH value is 8, the adding amount of the neutral protease is 2% of the mass of the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3), the time of the secondary enzymolysis is 3 hours, and in the process of the secondary enzymolysis, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out, and the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 650kHz, so as to obtain secondary enzymolysis liquid; the neutral protease is composed of trypsin, papain and subtilisin, and the mass ratio of the trypsin to the papain to the subtilisin is 5:2: 0.5;
step 5) adding hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 3% into the secondary enzymolysis liquid, adjusting the pH of the secondary enzymolysis liquid to 4-5, continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol in the secondary enzymolysis liquid is 70% of the volume of the secondary enzymolysis liquid, and standing for 23 hours;
step 6) placing the feed liquid prepared in the step 5) into a centrifugal device for centrifugal separation, wherein the centrifugal revolution is 8500r/min, and the centrifugal treatment time is 26 min;
step 7) adding activated carbon into the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6), wherein the adding amount of the activated carbon is 3% of the mass of the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6); and separating the activated carbon by adopting centrifugal equipment to obtain the fish oil.
Example 4
Step 1) washing tuna leftovers with clear water, smashing, adding water which is 2 times of the tuna leftovers to mix into slurry, and uniformly stirring the slurry;
step 2) adding pepsin into the pulp obtained in the step 1) for primary enzymolysis, wherein the primary enzymolysis temperature is 35 ℃, the pH value is 3, and the primary enzymolysis time is 10 hours, the adding amount of the pepsin is 2.5% of the mass of the pulp obtained in the step 1), and in the primary enzymolysis process, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 900kHz, so as to obtain primary enzymolysis liquid;
step 3) placing the primary enzymolysis liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 2) in a high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, wherein the electric field intensity of the high-voltage pulse electric field is 55kV/cm, the frequency is 130Hz, the pulse width is 20 microseconds, and the treatment time is 8 microseconds;
step 4) placing the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3) for 40min, adding neutral protease for secondary enzymolysis, wherein the temperature of the secondary enzymolysis is 43 ℃, the pH value is 8, the adding amount of the neutral protease is 2% of the mass of the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3), the time of the secondary enzymolysis is 3 hours, and in the process of the secondary enzymolysis, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out, and the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 680kHz, so as to obtain secondary enzymolysis liquid; the neutral protease is composed of trypsin, papain and subtilisin, and the mass ratio of the trypsin to the papain to the subtilisin is 4:1: 1;
step 5) adding hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 3% into the secondary enzymolysis liquid, adjusting the pH of the secondary enzymolysis liquid to 4-5, continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol in the secondary enzymolysis liquid is 70% of the volume of the secondary enzymolysis liquid, and standing for 23 hours;
step 6) placing the feed liquid prepared in the step 5) into a centrifugal device for centrifugal separation, wherein the centrifugal revolution is 9000r/min, and the centrifugal treatment time is 33 min;
step 7) adding activated carbon into the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6), wherein the adding amount of the activated carbon is 4% of the mass of the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6); and separating the activated carbon by adopting centrifugal equipment to obtain the fish oil.
Example 5
Step 1) washing tuna leftovers with clear water, smashing, adding water which is 2 times of the tuna leftovers to mix into slurry, and uniformly stirring the slurry;
step 2) adding pepsin into the pulp obtained in the step 1) for primary enzymolysis, wherein the primary enzymolysis temperature is 35 ℃, the pH value is 3, and the primary enzymolysis time is 10 hours, the adding amount of the pepsin is 2.5% of the mass of the pulp obtained in the step 1), and in the primary enzymolysis process, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 870kHz, so as to obtain primary enzymolysis liquid;
step 3) placing the primary enzymolysis liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 2) in a high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, wherein the electric field intensity of the high-voltage pulse electric field is 55kV/cm, the frequency is 100Hz, the pulse width is 20 microseconds, and the treatment time is 5 microseconds;
step 4) placing the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3) for 30-60min, adding neutral protease for secondary enzymolysis, wherein the temperature of the secondary enzymolysis is 45 ℃, the pH value is 9, the adding amount of the neutral protease is 3% of the mass of the feed liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3), and in the secondary enzymolysis process, simultaneously performing ultrasonic treatment, wherein the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 700kHz, and the time of the secondary enzymolysis is 4 hours, so as to obtain secondary enzymolysis liquid; the neutral protease is composed of trypsin, papain and subtilisin, and the mass ratio of the trypsin to the papain to the subtilisin is 5:2: 1;
step 5) adding hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 3% into the secondary enzymolysis liquid, adjusting the pH of the secondary enzymolysis liquid to 4-5, continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol in the secondary enzymolysis liquid is 70% of the volume of the secondary enzymolysis liquid, and standing for 23 hours;
step 6) placing the feed liquid prepared in the step 5) into centrifugal equipment for centrifugal separation, wherein the centrifugal revolution is 8800r/min, and the centrifugal treatment time is 26 min;
step 7) adding activated carbon into the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6), wherein the adding amount of the activated carbon is 3% of the mass of the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6); and separating the activated carbon by adopting centrifugal equipment to obtain the fish oil.
Effect verification:
tuna fish oil was extracted using the methods of examples 1-5. Wherein each example processed 1000g of tuna offal. The indices of the fish oils extracted in examples 1 to 5 are shown in table 1. The invention improves the extraction rate of the tuna fish oil and the content of EPA and DHA in the fish oil.
TABLE 1
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in all kinds of fields of application of the invention, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of tuna fish oil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1) washing tuna leftovers with clear water, smashing, adding water which is 0.5-2 times of the tuna leftovers to mix into slurry, and uniformly stirring the slurry;
step 2) adding pepsin into the pulp obtained in the step 1) for carrying out primary enzymolysis, wherein the primary enzymolysis temperature is 30-35 ℃, the pH value is 2-3, and the primary enzymolysis time is 9-10 hours, the adding amount of the pepsin is 2-2.5% of the mass of the pulp obtained in the step 1), and ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out in the primary enzymolysis process, and the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 800 plus 950kHz, so as to obtain primary enzymolysis liquid;
step 3) placing the primary enzymolysis liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 2) in a high-voltage pulse electric field for treatment, wherein the electric field intensity of the high-voltage pulse electric field is 55-60kV/cm, the frequency is 100-150Hz, the pulse width is 20-25 mu s, and the treatment time is 5-10 s;
step 4) placing the material liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3) for 30-60min, adding neutral protease for secondary enzymolysis, wherein the temperature of the secondary enzymolysis is 40-45 ℃, the pH value is 8-9, the adding amount of the neutral protease is 2-3% of the material liquid obtained by the treatment in the step 3), the time of the secondary enzymolysis is 3-4 h, and in the process of the secondary enzymolysis, ultrasonic treatment is simultaneously carried out, and the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 650-700kHz, so as to obtain secondary enzymolysis liquid; wherein the neutral protease is composed of trypsin, papain and subtilisin, and the mass ratio of the trypsin to the papain to the subtilisin is 4-5:1-2: 0.5-1;
step 5) adding hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 2-3% into the secondary enzymolysis liquid, adjusting the pH of the secondary enzymolysis liquid to 4-5, continuously adding absolute ethyl alcohol, wherein the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol in the secondary enzymolysis liquid is 65-70% of the volume of the secondary enzymolysis liquid, and standing for 20-23 hours;
step 6) placing the material liquid prepared in the step 5) into a centrifugal device for centrifugal separation, wherein the centrifugal rotation number is 8000-9000r/min, and the centrifugal treatment time is 26-33 min;
step 7) adding activated carbon into the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6), wherein the adding amount of the activated carbon is 3-4% of the mass of the fish oil obtained by the treatment in the step 6); and separating the activated carbon by adopting centrifugal equipment to obtain the fish oil.
2. The method for preparing tuna oil of claim 1, wherein in step 2), the temperature of primary enzymolysis is 30 ℃, the pH value is 2, and the time of primary enzymolysis is 9 hours.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2), the pepsin is added in an amount of 2% of the mass of the slurry obtained in step 1).
4. The method for preparing tuna fish oil of claim 1, wherein in step 2), the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic treatment is 800 kHz.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the high voltage pulsed electric field has an electric field strength of 55kV/cm, a frequency of 100Hz, a pulse width of 20 μ s, and a treatment time of 5 s.
6. The method for preparing tuna fish oil according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5), hydrochloric acid with the mass concentration of 2% is added into the secondary enzymolysis liquid, the pH of the secondary enzymolysis liquid is adjusted to 4-5, absolute ethyl alcohol is continuously added, the addition amount of the absolute ethyl alcohol in the secondary enzymolysis liquid is 65% of the volume of the secondary enzymolysis liquid, and the tuna fish oil is left standing for 20 hours.
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Citations (4)
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| CN101940240A (en) * | 2010-07-01 | 2011-01-12 | 大连工业大学 | Method for preparing fish oil ethyl ester microcapsule from fish pomace |
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| US20120040428A1 (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2012-02-16 | Paul Reep | Procedure for extracting of lipids from algae without cell sacrifice |
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Denomination of invention: Preparation method of tuna oil Effective date of registration: 20210909 Granted publication date: 20210302 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd Dongshan County branch Pledgor: ZHONGGANG (FUJIAN) AQUATIC FOOD Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021350000105 |