CN108075014A - A kind of production method of solar panel - Google Patents
A kind of production method of solar panel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108075014A CN108075014A CN201711311576.XA CN201711311576A CN108075014A CN 108075014 A CN108075014 A CN 108075014A CN 201711311576 A CN201711311576 A CN 201711311576A CN 108075014 A CN108075014 A CN 108075014A
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- line
- interconnecting strip
- busbar
- solar panel
- cell piece
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 14
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- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1804—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof comprising only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/547—Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of production methods of solar panel, its step is armorplate glass, encapsulation glue-line, battery pack, encapsulation glue-line and the backboard being sequentially overlapped, it is put into togerther in vacuum laminator, the solar cell module is hot-pressed onto together, it is taken out after shaping, installs frame and terminal box additional so that solar panel is made；It wherein adds thermal insulation board in additive process to be thermally shielded and calibrate, battery strings are carried by bernoulli gripper, prevent circuit from obstructed situation occur by bypass diode in terminal box.Present invention design is reasonable, has carried out operation optimization from various aspects such as the carrying of cell piece, layout, welding, wiring, product quality has been improved, so as to ensure that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar panel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photovoltaic art, more particularly to a kind of production method of solar panel.
Background technology
Solar cell is a kind of device that solar energy is directly changed into electric energy using photoelectric effect.Solar cell
Material is based on crystalline silicon, common solar battery sheet is 125*125mm on the market at present monocrystalline silicon or 156*156mm
Polysilicon, the output power of monolithic battery piece is smaller, therefore generally multi-disc cell piece is together in series and is formed with larger output
The solar cell array of power.
The front electrode of cell piece represents cathode, and backplate represents anode.By interconnecting strip by preceding a piece of cell piece
Front electrode is connected with the backplate of rear a piece of cell piece, and all cell pieces are connected into an entirety.The front of cell piece
Equipped with a plurality of secondary grid line parallel to each other and the main gate line vertical with secondary grid line, secondary grid line is subject to illumination for collecting cell piece
The electric current of generation is simultaneously pooled in main gate line, main gate line generally within 5, main gate line quantity number determine electric current transmit
Efficiency；The back side of cell piece is equipped with the main gate line of quantity identical with front；Interconnecting strip is welded in main gate line, connects cell piece
The main gate line of tow sides.Interconnecting strip is the electric current of single battery on piece to be collected and played cell piece is connected
Purpose.
According to specification, usually multi-disc cell piece is connected to form one group of battery strings, multigroup battery strings are placed side by side, and
Head and the tail are sequentially connected in series to form battery pack, i.e. solar cell array.According to specification, the quantity of cell piece is general in every group of battery strings
For 8,10,12, battery in battery pack string generally has 6 groups, 8 groups, 10 groups, is set according to the demand of power output.The
Interconnecting strip on first cell piece of one group of battery strings and the last a piece of cell piece of last group of battery strings passes through confluence
With extracted current, concatenated between intermediate battery strings also by busbar.Busbar plays the role of electric current summarizing output.
Solar panel is battery pack by encapsulated moulding, and solar panel includes the tempered glass being sequentially overlapped
Plate, encapsulation glue-line, battery pack, encapsulation glue-line and backboard, are put into togerther in vacuum laminator, are added using the pressurization of vacuum layer platen press
The solar cell module is hot-pressed onto together, is taken out after shaping by heat, installs frame and terminal box additional so that solar cell is made
Plate, you can come into operation.
Most important parameter is luminous energy to be converted to the efficiency of electric energy for solar cell, single at present in research
Crystal-silicon battery slice transformation efficiency is best, but also there was only 20% or so.Therefore the photoelectric conversion efficiency for improving cell piece is battery
The problem generally faced in piece industry, any method for improving photoelectric conversion efficiency will directly improve the economic benefit of enterprise.But
It is to accomplish that this is difficult, therefore the general way of enterprise is, more solar energy are converted under this limited transfer efficiency
Into electric energy, at least ensure that existing transformation efficiency cannot reduce again.That is, the cell piece of monolithic is through series of processes system
Into after solar panel, photoelectric conversion efficiency cannot reduce too much.
The factor for influencing photoelectric conversion efficiency mainly has following several respects：
1. armorplate glass.Armorplate glass is the protection to cell piece, windproof to keep off the rain, it is necessary to have.But good tempering again
Glass plate is also impossible to that sunlight 100% is allowed to pass through.
2. encapsulate glue-line.Armorplate glass and battery pack, transparent EVA material is adhesively fixed with EVA mostly in encapsulation glue-line
Quality directly influence service life of component, the aerial EVA jaundice easy to aging of exposure, so as to influence the light transmittance of component；
If EVA glue degree of company is not up to standard, EVA and tempered glass, backboard adhesive strength are inadequate, can all EVA be caused to do sth. in advance aging, influence group
The part service life.
3. battery pack.It is related to multiple techniques to the process for forming solar cell array from the cell piece of monolithic, all may
Opto-electronic conversion is influenced, such as：
Whether the series welding of cell piece, there is rosin joint between interconnecting strip and cell piece, whether the electric current formed on secondary grid line can collect
Onto busbar；
Since cell piece is very thin, the damage of cell piece whether can be caused in the moving process of battery strings；
Whether the arrangement of battery strings is neat, and whether the welding of interconnecting strip and busbar is reliable；Whether can be influenced during welding
To the heated thawing of encapsulation glue-line, so as to influence the quality of EVA；
In vacuum lamination process, whether battery strings can move battery pack, cause to shift, so as to which the interconnecting strip being welded be caused to turn round
Bent desoldering, influences quality；
4. the design of terminal box.The electric current that busbar summarizes is connected in terminal box, by the interface of terminal box again with external equipment
Connection, such as accumulator.Terminal box protects entire electricity generation system, plays the role of electric current terminal, if cell piece failure or gone out
When existing hot spot effect cannot generate electricity, terminal box disconnects short circuit battery string automatically, prevents from burning out whole system, this just needs terminal box
In have protection circuit, with ensure solar panel have Individual cells piece damage in the case of can be continuing with.
Therefore, solar panel in process of production, it is necessary to consider above-mentioned factor, with the light being optimal as far as possible
Photoelectric transformation efficiency.But at present most enterprise in the production process of solar panel or can not avoid completely it is above-mentioned not
Sharp factor, the quality of solar panel are also just unable to reach optimal.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide a kind of producer of solar panel
Method, can making solar panel, photoelectric conversion efficiency more optimizes in process of production.
The present invention above-mentioned technical purpose technical scheme is that：
A kind of production method of solar panel, includes the following steps：
（1）The cell piece of monolithic is connected into battery strings, is welded between the positive and negative anodes of adjacent cell piece by interconnecting strip；
（2）Stack armorplate glass, the first encapsulation glue-line, battery pack, the second encapsulation glue-line and backboard, shape successively on the table
Into semi-finished product；The first encapsulation glue-line and the second encapsulation glue-line use EVA adhesive film；Battery pack passes through confluence by multiple battery strings
Item head and the tail concatenation is formed, and the battery strings positioned at both sides draw positive terminal and negative terminals, anode by busbar respectively
Terminals and negative terminals are pierced by backboard；
（3）Semi-finished product are put into vacuum laminator, vacuumized and are heated, melt the first encapsulation glue-line and the second packaging plastic
Semi-finished product are bonded integral by layer；
（4）Taken out after semi-finished product shaping from vacuum laminator, install frame and terminal box additional, terminal box be mounted on backboard and with
Positive terminal is connected with negative terminals, forms solar cell board finished product；
It is characterized in that：The step（2）In, detailed process is as follows：
（a）Stack armorplate glass, the first encapsulation glue-line successively on the table；
（b）One piece of thermal insulation board is placed respectively in the both sides of the first encapsulation glue-line, and the width of thermal insulation board is identical with armorplate glass；Every
Hot plate be equipped with the horizontal alignment line parallel with armorplate glass side, the busbar parallel with horizontal alignment line placement line, with
And several interconnecting strip datum lines vertical with horizontal alignment line, the interconnecting strip datum line quantity on two pieces of thermal insulation boards are identical and one by one
It is corresponding；
（c）By manipulator by multigroup battery strings it is placed side by side to first encapsulation glue-line on, the cell piece at every group of battery strings both ends
It aligns respectively with the horizontal alignment line on two pieces of thermal insulation boards edge；Interconnecting strip in every group of battery strings is respectively aligned on thermal insulation board
Interconnecting strip datum line, and ensure to form collinear interconnecting strip both ends and be respectively aligned to a pair of interconnecting strip base in correspondence with each other
Directrix；
After above-mentioned calibration, all battery strings are alignd in head and the tail, uniform solar cell array state of arranging；
（d）Busbar is placed on to the position of busbar placement line on thermal insulation board, by the interconnecting strip in two groups of adjacent battery strings
It is welded on same root busbar, forms series connection；The interconnecting strip of both sides battery strings is welded on a busbar, is drawn
Positive terminal and negative terminals；
（e）Two pieces of thermal insulation boards are removed, the second encapsulation glue-line and backboard is stacked successively on the battery pack, and by positive terminal and bears
Pole terminals are pierced by backboard.
Through the above technical solutions, after battery strings are placed on the first encapsulation glue-line, it can be according to the level on thermal insulation board
Lubber-line and interconnecting strip datum line are accurately positioned, and move directly to the position of mark, and discharge is neat；Busbar is placed into busbar
After placing line, interconnecting strip is welded with busbar, ensures that busbar is in plumbness with interconnecting strip, when post-production uses
Interconnecting strip crooked will not distort, and ensure interconnecting strip and the weld strength of cell piece, interconnecting strip will not desoldering or fracture；The program can
Battery strings are put optimal position, than relatively reliable standard by way of observing to manually adjust battery strings position eyes
Really, the optimal photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar panel can be ensured.
In addition, the welding of interconnecting strip and busbar is carried out on thermal insulation board, avoid and directly connect with the first encapsulation glue-line
It touches, melts so as to prevent the first encapsulation glue-line from overheating；The first encapsulation glue-line after melting is avoided to be sent out exposed to aging in air
Huang, so as to influence the light transmittance of component and photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Preferably, the step（d）After finishing, will be positioned between two adjacent groups battery strings by adhesive tape bonding.
Through the above technical solutions, being positioned by adhesive tape to two adjacent groups battery strings, thus it is sent by semi-finished product
When heating in vacuum pressurization is carried out into vacuum laminator, even if the first encapsulation glue-line, the second encapsulation glue-line are heated after thawing, also can
So that each battery strings obtain good positioning, avoid moving with the first encapsulation glue-line for being melted into flow-like and the second encapsulation glue-line
The phenomenon that moving and shifting, avoids the reduction of battery strings photoelectric conversion efficiency as a result,.
Preferably, the step（e）In, after removing two pieces of thermal insulation boards, insulating layer will be passed through between the busbar of the same side
It separates；Then the second encapsulation glue-line and backboard are stacked successively on the battery pack again, and positive terminal and negative terminals are worn
Go out backboard.
Through the above technical solutions, insulating layer is touched mutually between can effectively prevent adjacent busbar, so as to avoid causing
Battery strings short circuit.
Preferably, the thermal insulation board is transparent, and the horizontal alignment line, busbar placement line, interconnecting strip datum line are equal
For dark strokes；The workbench is placed on the ground, and the table top of workbench is transparent glass, and the side wall of workbench is solid
Baffle, workbench are internally provided with headlamp.
Through the above technical solutions, the calibration and welding of interconnecting strip and busbar need enough brightness, but it is general raw
The workshop of production solar panel is very spacious, and light is distant, and intensity of illumination is inadequate；It is such as set on workbench periphery individual
Light source, and additional space can be occupied, influence the operation of staff.Therefore light source is arranged on the inside of workbench, neither
It can influence to operate, and sufficient intensity of illumination can be provided；The setting of workbench makes light source irradiate upwards, through transparent glass platform
Face and thermal insulation board can clearly irradiate dark horizontal alignment line, busbar placement line and interconnecting strip datum line, make interconnecting strip
Calibration and welding with busbar is more accurate, ensure that the quality of battery pack.
Preferably, the manipulator is equipped with a row bernoulli gripper.
Through the above technical solutions, since cell piece is very thin, workmanship is accurate and fragile, can not directly be carried with hand,
It is easily damaged.General sucker needs the air pressed in workpiece surface discharge sucker that could complete to adsorb, therefore to workpiece meeting
There is certain pressure, the workpiece of this pressure fragility this kind of to cell piece easily causes its damage, therefore general sucker is not
Suitable for carrying cell piece.Bernoulli gripper is the sucker of a kind of thin suitable for carrying thickness and extremely accurate and fragile workpiece,
Such as cell piece.With bernoulli principle when sucker accesses high compression air, sucker working face generates uniform and thin strong gas
It flows, the air velocity of cell piece upper surface is more than the air velocity of its lower surface at this time, smaller using the faster pressure of fluid velocity
Principle, the air pressure of the upper surface of cell piece is less than the air pressure of lower surface, upward so as to be formed in the bottom of cell piece
Lift power so that cell piece is adsorbed in the bottom of sucker.A bernoulli gripper row arrangement on a robotic arm, can adsorb one group of electricity
Pond is gone here and there and is carried, and can effectively prevent from improperly being touched and being damaged when battery strings from carrying, ensure the photoelectricity of battery strings
Transfer efficiency.
Preferably, the bernoulli gripper includes sucker body, is fixed on the intrinsic first sucker core of sucker, fixation
In the second sucker core of the first sucker in-core, it is formed with out between the downside of the first sucker core and the downside of the second sucker core
Gas passage, the second sucker in-core are equipped with the inlet channel at the top of the second sucker core of connection, the inner wall of the second sucker core
Venthole equipped with connection inlet channel and outlet passageway.
Through the above technical solutions, compressed air at the top of the second sucker core into inlet channel, by venthole and from
Outlet passageway is flowed out to bottom, and since gas can uniformly be flowed outwardly along the circumferential direction of the second sucker core, this allows for being located at
Stable pressure difference can be formed on cell piece surface on the downside of sucker body, so that cell piece can be effectively adsorbed in
On sucker body.
The outlet passageway of some bernoulli grippers is some through holes, and compressed air is after through hole outflow, and cell piece surface is just
To the position at the position of through hole and non-face through hole, gas flow rate will be different, therefore cell piece surface is generated everywhere
Pressure difference is also different, so that cell piece cannot be effectively adsorbed in the bottom of sucker.And in the present solution, circle-shaped gas
Outflux can effectively avoid the above problem.
Preferably, the downside of the second sucker core is extended with air-flow guide part towards the first sucker core.
Through the above technical solutions, compressed air is oriented to from close to center of circle region away from center of circle position area by air-flow guide part
Domain, so as to control the flow direction of compressed air.It is not the vertical cell piece that blows to after compressed air is flowed out from outlet passageway, and
It is that the direction away from sucker is blowed to certain angle of inclination.Inclined angle blowing out pressurised air, can accelerate on cell piece
The air velocity on surface will not be subject to the stop of cell piece and slow down；It is also avoided to cell piece in addition, compressed air tilts blowout
Power cause excessive shock so as to damage cell piece.
Preferably, the quantity of the battery strings is even number, and positive terminal and negative terminals are located at the same of battery pack
Sky terminals have been all provided on side, with positive terminal and the busbar of negative terminals the same side.
Be equipped with the positive contact chip being arranged in order, several empty contact chips, negative contact chip in the terminal box, positive contact chip with
Positive terminal connects, and negative contact chip is connected with negative terminals, and the quantity of empty contact chip is identical with sky terminals and mutual one
One is correspondingly connected with.
Bypass diode, the negative contact chip and its phase are serially connected between the positive contact chip empty contact chip adjacent thereto
It is serially connected with bypass diode between adjacent empty contact chip, two poles of bypass is serially connected between the adjacent empty contact chip successively
Pipe.
Through the above technical solutions, the positive contact chip and negative contact chip of terminal box can be connected as its charging with accumulator, from
And the electric energy for converting solar energy stores.Meanwhile be every two groups of battery series-parallel connections, one bypass diode, if in battery pack
Certain a piece of cell piece breaks down or occurs hot spot effect when cannot generate electricity, and plays bypass, by two groups where the cell piece
Battery strings are shorted out, and the electric current that battery pack generates is allowed to be flowed through from bypass diode, are ensured that battery pack is working properly, are sent out solar energy
Electric system continues to generate electricity, will not because certain a piece of cell piece goes wrong and situation that generation circuit is obstructed, while also protect quilt
The battery strings of bypass will not be damaged further.
Preferably, cell piece front is equipped with a plurality of secondary grid line parallel to each other and the main grid vertical with secondary grid line
Line, the back side of cell piece are equipped with the main gate line of quantity identical with front；Interconnecting strip connects the master of adjacent cell piece front and back
Grid line；Silver paste is scribbled in main gate line and secondary grid line；The busbar and interconnecting strip are all to apply tin copper strips, the width of interconnecting strip with
Main gate line is consistent, and the width and thickness of busbar are all higher than interconnecting strip.
Through the above technical solutions, the electric conductivity of silver is best in all metals, help to reduce the string of cell piece
Join resistance, reduce power attenuation, increase cell piece efficiency indirectly.
Apply that tin copper strips conductive effect is good, and resistance is low, when current transmission is lost small.Interconnecting strip is very thin, soft, during welding with electricity
The grid line contact effect of pond on piece is good, forms good silver-tin alloy.
Busbar is partially hard, and thickness is relatively large, mainly for reducing the resistance of river outlet, improves assembly property and power generation is imitated
Rate reduces fever.
Preferably, the light transmittance of the armorplate glass is more than 91.5%.
Through the above technical solutions, the light transmittance of glass is higher, photoelectric conversion efficiency higher to the utilization rate of sunlight
It is higher.
In conclusion having the beneficial effect that in contrast to the prior art of the invention：Design is reasonable, carrying, cloth from cell piece
The various aspects such as office, welding, wiring have carried out operation optimization, product quality are improved, so as to ensure that the photoelectricity of solar panel
Transfer efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Sectional view when Fig. 1 is solar cell board stacking in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of battery strings in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is the left view structural representation of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of step b in embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of step c, d, e in embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is the positive structure diagram of cell piece in embodiment 1.
Fig. 7 is the structure diagram of embodiment 2.
Fig. 8 is the structure diagram of embodiment 3.
Fig. 9 is the schematic cross-sectional view of bernoulli gripper in embodiment 3.
Figure 10 is the bottom surface structure schematic diagram of bernoulli gripper in embodiment 3.
Figure 11 is the structure diagram of embodiment 4.
Reference numeral：1st, cell piece；2nd, battery strings；3rd, thermal insulation board；4th, interconnecting strip；5th, busbar；6th, workbench；7th, Bai Nu
Sharp sucker；8th, terminal box；10th, manipulator；11st, armorplate glass；12nd, the first encapsulation glue-line；13rd, battery pack；14th, the second encapsulation
Glue-line；15th, backboard；16th, secondary grid line；17th, main gate line；21st, adhesive tape；31st, horizontal alignment line；32nd, busbar places line；33rd, mutually
Bracing datum line；51st, positive terminal；52nd, negative terminals；53rd, empty terminals；61st, table top；62nd, side wall；63rd, headlamp；
70th, gasket；71st, sucker body；72nd, the first sucker core；73rd, the second sucker core；74th, outlet passageway；75th, inlet channel；76th, go out
Stomata；77th, air inlet pipe；78th, link；79th, air-flow guide part；81st, positive contact chip；82nd, empty contact chip；83rd, contact chip is born；
84th, bypass diode.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and pass through embodiment the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of production method of solar panel is present embodiments provided, is included the following steps：
（1）As shown in Figure 2 to 3, the cell piece 1 of monolithic is connected by battery strings 2 by string welding machine, adjacent cell piece 1 is just
It is welded between cathode by interconnecting strip 4.
The cell piece 1 of monolithic is welded into battery strings 2 with string welding machine, yield rate higher more efficient than human weld；And
And it is more accurate, ensure not shift before and after cell piece 1；After the completion of series welding, battery strings 2 are checked, have checked whether rosin joint
Or whether cell piece 1 has breakage, so as to reject substandard product.
（2）As shown in Figure 1, stacking armorplate glass 11, first successively encapsulates glue-line 12, battery pack 13, the second packaging plastic
Layer 14 and backboard 15, form semi-finished product, and the first encapsulation glue-line 12 and second encapsulates glue-line 14 and uses EVA adhesive film；Detailed process is：
（a）It stacks armorplate glass 11, first of the light transmittance more than 91.5% successively on the table and encapsulates glue-line 12.
（b）As shown in figure 4, one piece of thermal insulation board 3, the width of thermal insulation board 3 are placed respectively in the both sides of the first encapsulation glue-line 12
It is identical with armorplate glass 11；Thermal insulation board 3 is equipped with the horizontal alignment line 31 parallel with 11 side of armorplate glass and horizontal school
The parallel busbar of directrix 31 places line 32 and several interconnecting strip datum lines 33 vertical with horizontal alignment line 31, two pieces every
33 quantity of interconnecting strip datum line on hot plate 3 is identical and corresponds.
（c）As described in Figure 5, by manipulator by multigroup battery strings 2 it is placed side by side to first encapsulation glue-line 12 on, cell piece
1 just facing towards the first encapsulation glue-line 12,1 edge of cell piece at every group of 2 both ends of battery strings respectively on two pieces of thermal insulation boards 3
Horizontal alignment line 31 aligns；Interconnecting strip 4 in every group of battery strings 2 is respectively aligned to the interconnecting strip datum line 33 on thermal insulation board 3, and
Ensure that forming collinear 4 both ends of interconnecting strip is respectively aligned to a pair of interconnecting strip datum line 33 in correspondence with each other；Battery strings 2 are placed
After on to the first encapsulation glue-line 12, it can be accurately positioned according to the horizontal alignment line 31 on thermal insulation board 3 and interconnecting strip datum line 33,
The position of mark is moved directly to, discharge is neat.
After above-mentioned calibration, all battery strings 2 are alignd in head and the tail, uniform solar cell array state of arranging；It can be with
Battery strings 2 are put optimal position, than relatively reliable standard by way of observing to manually adjust 2 position of battery strings eyes
Really.
（d）Busbar 5 is placed on to the position of busbar placement line 32 on thermal insulation board 3, it will be in two groups of adjacent battery strings 2
Interconnecting strip 4 be welded on same root busbar 5, formed series connection；It can ensure that busbar 5 is in plumbness with interconnecting strip 4,
Interconnecting strip 4 crooked will not distort during post-production use, ensure interconnecting strip 4 and the weld strength of cell piece 1, interconnecting strip 4 will not
Desoldering or fracture.
The interconnecting strip 4 of both sides battery strings 2 is welded on a busbar 5, draws positive terminal 51 and cathode
Terminals 52.
The welding of interconnecting strip 4 and busbar 5 is carried out on thermal insulation board 3, is avoided and is directly connect with the first encapsulation glue-line 12
It touches, so as to prevent that the first encapsulation glue-line 12 from overheating and melts；The first encapsulation glue-line 12 after melting is avoided to expose old in air
Change jaundice, so as to influence the light transmittance of component and photoelectric conversion efficiency.
（e）After the completion of welding, 21 cemented in place of adhesive tape will be passed through between two adjacent groups battery strings 2.
Thus when semi-finished product are sent to progress heating in vacuum pressurization in vacuum laminator, even if the first encapsulation glue-line
12nd, the second encapsulation glue-line 14 is heated melt after, each battery strings 2 can also be caused to obtain good positioning, avoided with being melted into stream
First encapsulation glue-line 12 and second of body shape encapsulates glue-line 14 and moves and the phenomenon that displacement occur, so as to avoid 2 light of battery strings
The reduction of photoelectric transformation efficiency.
（f）Two pieces of thermal insulation boards 3 are removed, insulating layer will be passed through between the busbar 5 of the same side（It is not shown in figure）It separates, absolutely
Edge layer is touched mutually between can effectively prevent adjacent busbar 5, so as to avoid causing 2 short circuit of battery strings；Then again in battery pack
The second encapsulation glue-line 14 and backboard 15 are stacked on 13 successively, and positive terminal 51 and negative terminals 52 are pierced by backboard 15.
（3）Semi-finished product are put into vacuum laminator, vacuumized and are heated, melt the first encapsulation glue-line 12 and second
Glue-line 14 is encapsulated, semi-finished product are bonded integral.
（4）It is taken out after semi-finished product shaping from vacuum laminator, installs frame and terminal box additional, terminal box is mounted on backboard 15
It above and with positive terminal 51 and negative terminals 52 is connected, forms solar cell board finished product.
Whole process has carried out operation optimization from various aspects such as layout, the welding of battery pack 13, improves product quality, so as to
It ensure that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar panel.
As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, 1 front of cell piece be equipped with a plurality of secondary grid line 16 parallel to each other and with secondary grid
4 vertical main gate lines 17 of line 16, the back side of cell piece 1 are equipped with the main gate line 17 of quantity identical with front；Interconnecting strip 4 connects phase
The main gate line 17 of adjacent 1 front and back of cell piece；Silver paste is scribbled in main gate line 17 and secondary grid line 16；The busbar 5 and interconnection
Item 4 is all to apply tin copper strips, and the width of interconnecting strip 4 is consistent with main gate line 17, and the width and thickness of busbar 5 are all higher than interconnecting strip
4。
The electric conductivity of silver is best in all metals, helps to reduce the series resistance of cell piece 1, reduces power damage
Consumption increases by 1 efficiency of cell piece indirectly.
Apply that tin copper strips conductive effect is good, and resistance is low, when current transmission is lost small.Interconnecting strip 4 is very thin, soft, during welding with
Grid line contact effect on cell piece 1 is good, forms good silver-tin alloy.
Busbar 5 is partially hard, and thickness is relatively large, mainly for reducing the resistance of river outlet, improves assembly property and power generation
Efficiency reduces fever.
Embodiment 2：
Referring to Fig. 7, the present embodiment with embodiment 1 the difference is that：
The thermal insulation board 3 is transparent, and the horizontal alignment line 31, busbar place line 32, interconnecting strip datum line 33 is depth
Colo(u)r streak item；The workbench 6 is placed on the ground, and the table top 61 of workbench 6 is transparent glass, and the side wall 62 of workbench 6 is
Solid barrier, workbench 6 are internally provided with headlamp 63.
Since the calibration and welding of interconnecting strip 4 and busbar 5 need enough brightness, but generally produce solar cell
The workshop of plate is very spacious, and light is distant, and intensity of illumination is inadequate；Individual light source such as is set on 6 periphery of workbench, and can be accounted for
With additional space, the operation of staff is influenced.
Therefore light source is arranged on the inside of workbench 6, had not only interfered with operation, but also sufficient intensity of illumination can be provided；
The setting of solid barrier makes light source irradiate upwards, through transparent glass table top 61 and transparent thermal baffle 3, can clearly irradiate
Dark horizontal alignment line 31, busbar place line 32 and interconnecting strip datum line 33, make the calibration of interconnecting strip 4 and busbar 5 and
Welding is more accurate, ensure that the quality of battery pack 13.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment and embodiment 2 the difference is that：
Referring to Fig. 8, the manipulator 10 is equipped with a row bernoulli gripper 7, and for adsorbing cell piece 1, battery strings 2 are carried out
It carries.
Referring to Fig. 9~Figure 10, bernoulli gripper 7 includes sucker body 71, the first sucker being fixed in sucker body 71
Core 72, the second sucker core 73 being fixed in the first sucker core 72, downside and the second sucker core 73 of the first sucker core 72
Downside between be formed with outlet passageway 74, the air inlet that 73 top of the second sucker core of connection is equipped in the second sucker core 73 is led to
Road 75, the inner wall of the second sucker core 73 are equipped with the venthole 76 of connection inlet channel 75 and outlet passageway 74；The sucker
The top of body 71 is equipped with to be passed through the air inlet pipe 77 of compressed air, and air inlet pipe 77 is connected with inlet channel 75；The sucker
Body 71 is equipped with the link 78 being mounted on sucker body 71 on manipulator 10.
Bernoulli gripper 7 is a kind of suitable for carrying thin and extremely accurate and fragility workpiece the sucker of thickness, such as battery
Piece 1.With bernoulli principle when sucker accesses high compression air, sucker working face generates uniform and thin air blast, at this time
The air velocity of 1 upper surface of cell piece is more than the air velocity of its lower surface, using the smaller principle of the faster pressure of fluid velocity,
The air pressure of the upper surface of cell piece 1 is less than the air pressure of lower surface, so as to form upward lift in the bottom of cell piece 1
Power so that cell piece 1 is adsorbed in the bottom of sucker.Bernoulli gripper 7 is arranged in 10 previous column of manipulator, can adsorb one group of electricity
Pond string 2 is simultaneously carried, and is improperly touched and damaged when can effectively prevent battery strings 2 from carrying, ensures the light of battery strings 2
Photoelectric transformation efficiency.
In the present embodiment, compressed air enters inlet channel 75 from air inlet pipe 77, by venthole 76 and from outlet passageway
74 flow out to bottom, and since gas can uniformly be flowed outwardly along the circumferential direction of the second sucker core 73, this allows for being located at sucker
Stable pressure difference can be formed on 1 surface of cell piece of 71 downside of body, so that cell piece 1 can be effectively adsorbed in
On sucker body 71.
In the present embodiment, the downside of the second sucker core 73 is extended with air-flow guide part 79 towards the first sucker core 72.
Compressed air is oriented to from close to center of circle region away from center of circle area by air-flow guide part 79, so as to control compression
The flow direction of air.After compressed air is flowed out from outlet passageway 74, be not it is vertical blow to cell piece 1, but inclined with certain
Rake angle blows to the direction away from sucker.Inclined angle blowing out pressurised air can accelerate the air stream of 1 upper surface of cell piece
Speed will not be subject to the stop of cell piece 1 and slow down；In addition, compressed air tilt blowout also avoid causing cell piece 1 it is excessive
Impact force is so as to damaging cell piece 1.
In the present embodiment, the bottom of sucker body 71 has been uniformly distributed circumferentially several arcuation gaskets 70.
When sucker body 71 adsorbs cell piece 1, soft arcuation gasket 70 contact cell piece 1 prevents damage cell piece 1；
Arcuation gasket 70 is directly contacted with cell piece 1 simultaneously, so that certain gap is left between the bottom of sucker and cell piece 1,
Compressed air can pass through from gap, it is ensured that during adsorbed state, the air of 1 upper surface of cell piece keeps flow at high speed, ensures
Cell piece 1 will not fall off.
In the present embodiment, the first sucker core 72 is made of aluminum material, and the second sucker core 73 is made of copper product.
Copper aluminium material material cost is relatively low, and with preferable ductility, crimp is not susceptible to, so that cell piece 1
Piece, rotation, the situation of displacement are not susceptible to when being drawn by sucker body 71.
Whole process has carried out operation optimization from various aspects such as the carrying of battery strings 2, the layout of battery pack 13, welding, carries
High yield quality, so as to ensure that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar panel.
Embodiment 4：
Referring to Figure 11, the present embodiment and embodiment 3 difference lies in：
In the present embodiment, the quantity of battery strings 2 is 6 groups, and positive terminal 51 and negative terminals 52 are located at the same of battery pack 13
Sky terminals 53 have been all provided on one side, with two busbars 5 of 52 the same side of positive terminal 51 and negative terminals.
The empty contact chip 82 of positive contact chip 81, two, the negative contact chip 83 being arranged in order are equipped in the terminal box 8, just
Contact chip 81 is connected with positive terminal 51, and negative contact chip 83 is connected with negative terminals 52, two sky contact chips 82 and two
Empty terminals 53 connect one to one mutually.
Bypass diode 84, the negative contact chip are serially connected between the positive contact chip 81 empty contact chip 82 adjacent thereto
Bypass diode 84 is serially connected between 83 empty contact chips 82 adjacent thereto, bypass is serially connected between described two sky contact chips 82
It is in parallel in the battery strings 2 of diode 84, i.e. every two string formation connection that there are one bypass diodes 84.
The positive contact chip 81 and negative contact chip 83 of terminal box 8 can be connected as its charging with accumulator 85, so as to by solar energy
The electric energy of conversion is stored.
Solar panel such as runs into veil when in use（Such as leaf, dust, cloud layer, birds）It blocks, is blocked
Percentage of batteries piece 1 would not produce electricl energy, but load is used as to exist, the cell piece 1 that it can consume other and have illumination generates
Electric energy, so as to generate heat, here it is hot spot effects.The serious destruction solar cell of hot spot effect energy has the solar cell of illumination
Generated portion of energy, all possible shielded battery are consumed.
Therefore, solar panel is wrecked due to hot spot effect in order to prevent, one in parallel for every two groups of battery strings 2
Bypass diode 84 when hot spot effect cannot generate electricity if a piece of cell piece 1 of certain in battery pack 13 breaks down or occurs, plays bypass
Two groups of battery strings 2 where the cell piece 1 are shorted out by effect, and the electric current that battery pack 13 generates is allowed to be flowed from bypass diode 84
It crosses, ensures that battery pack 13 is working properly, solar power system is made to continue to generate electricity, will not be asked because of certain a piece of cell piece 1
Topic and the obstructed situation of generation circuit, while the battery strings being bypassed 2 is also protected further not damaged.
Whole process has carried out operation optimization from various aspects such as the carrying of cell piece 1, layout, welding, wiring, improves product
Quality, so as to ensure that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar panel.
But this scheme, exactly if only several cell pieces 1 are shielded from, is bypassing also there are one defect
Under the action of diode 84, two groups of battery strings 2 where this several cell pieces 1 are all short-circuited, including wherein normal cell piece 1
Also it is short-circuited, the electric current generated cannot be flowed out and collected, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar panel is just not achieved optimal.
Solution to the problems described above is by each bypass diode 84 of multiple switch intelligent control, and utilization algorithm weight
The topological structure of new configuration diode, to promote the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar panel under partial occlusion.In solar energy
Under panel portions circumstance of occlusion, the quantity of bypass diode 84 and position are the key that promote solar energy Maximum Power Output.
By measuring 1 voltage of cell piece, control switch is with the system of 84 topological structure of intelligent planning bypass diode, so that part hides
Solar panel under gear, which obtains maximum power, promotion effect.
Furthermore, it is necessary to illustrate, the specific embodiment described in this specification, as long as its dependency structure does not specify tool
Shape and size, then the structure can be any shape and size adaptable with it；Meanwhile the title that structure is taken
It can be different.The equivalent or simple change that all construction, feature and principles according to described in inventional idea of the present invention are done, is included in
In the protection domain of patent of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of production method of solar panel, includes the following steps：
（1）By the cell piece of monolithic（1）It is connected into battery strings（2）, adjacent cell piece（1）Positive and negative anodes between pass through interconnecting strip
（4）Welding；
（2）In workbench（6）On stack armorplate glass successively（11）, first encapsulation glue-line（12）, battery pack（13）, the second envelope
Fill glue-line（14）And backboard（15）, form semi-finished product；Battery pack（13）By multiple battery strings（2）Pass through busbar（5）Head and the tail are gone here and there
It connects to be formed, the battery strings positioned at both sides（2）Pass through busbar respectively（5）Draw positive terminal（51）And negative terminals
（52）, positive terminal（51）And negative terminals（52）It is pierced by backboard（15）；
（3）Semi-finished product are put into vacuum laminator, vacuumized and are heated, melt the first encapsulation glue-line（12）With the second envelope
Fill glue-line（14）, semi-finished product are bonded integral；
（4）It is taken out after semi-finished product shaping from vacuum laminator, installs frame and terminal box additional（8）, terminal box（8）Mounted on backboard
（15）Upper and and positive terminal（51）And negative terminals（52）Connection forms solar cell board finished product；
It is characterized in that：The step（2）In, detailed process is as follows：
（a）In workbench（6）On stack armorplate glass successively（11）, first encapsulation glue-line（12）；
（b）Glue-line is encapsulated first（12）Both sides place one piece of thermal insulation board respectively（3）, thermal insulation board（3）Width and tempering glass
Glass plate（11）It is identical；Thermal insulation board（3）It is equipped with and armorplate glass（11）The parallel horizontal alignment line in side（31）And horizontal school
Directrix（31）Parallel busbar places line（32）And several and horizontal alignment line（31）Vertical interconnecting strip datum line
（33）, two pieces of thermal insulation boards（3）On interconnecting strip datum line（33）Quantity is identical and corresponds；
（c）Pass through manipulator（10）By multigroup battery strings（2）It is placed side by side to encapsulate glue-line to first（12）On, every group of battery strings
（2）The cell piece at both ends（1）Edge respectively with two pieces of thermal insulation boards（3）On horizontal alignment line（31）Alignment；Every group of battery strings
（2）On interconnecting strip（4）It is respectively aligned to thermal insulation board（3）On interconnecting strip datum line（33）, and ensure to form collinear
Interconnecting strip（4）Both ends are respectively aligned to a pair of interconnecting strip datum line in correspondence with each other（33）；
After above-mentioned calibration, all battery strings（2）In align from beginning to end, uniform solar cell array state of arranging；
（d）By busbar（5）It is placed on thermal insulation board（3）Upper busbar places line（32）Position, by two groups of adjacent battery strings
（2）On interconnecting strip（4）It is welded to same root busbar（5）On, form series connection；By both sides battery strings（2）Interconnecting strip（4）Point
A busbar is not welded to（5）On, draw positive terminal（51）And negative terminals（52）；
（e）Remove two pieces of thermal insulation boards（3）, in battery pack（13）On stack the second encapsulation glue-line successively（14）And backboard（15）, and
By positive terminal（51）And negative terminals（52）It is pierced by backboard（15）.
2. the production method of solar panel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（d）After finishing,
By two adjacent groups battery strings（2）Between pass through adhesive tape（21）Cemented in place.
3. the production method of solar panel according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The step（e）In,
Remove two pieces of thermal insulation boards（3）Afterwards, by the busbar of the same side（5）Between separated by insulating layer；Then again in battery pack（13）
On stack the second encapsulation glue-line successively（14）And backboard（15）, and by positive terminal（51）And negative terminals（52）It is pierced by the back of the body
Plate（15）.
4. the production method of solar panel according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The thermal insulation board（3）Thoroughly
Bright, described horizontal alignment line（31）, busbar place line（32）, interconnecting strip datum line（33）It is dark strokes；Described
Workbench（6）It places on the ground, workbench（6）Table top（61）For transparent glass, workbench（6）Side wall（62）To be solid
Baffle, workbench（6）It is internally provided with headlamp（63）.
5. the production method of the solar panel according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that：The manipulator
（10）It is equipped with a row bernoulli gripper（7）.
6. the production method of solar panel according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The bernoulli gripper
（7）Including sucker body（71）, be fixed on sucker body（71）The first interior sucker core（72）, be fixed on the first sucker core（72）
The second interior sucker core（73）, the first sucker core（72）Downside and the second sucker core（73）Downside between be formed with out
Gas passage（74）, the second sucker core（73）It is interior to be equipped with the second sucker core of connection（73）The inlet channel at top（75）, it is described
Second sucker core（73）Inner wall be equipped with connection inlet channel（75）With outlet passageway（74）Venthole（76）.
7. the production method of solar panel according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The second sucker core（73）
Downside towards the first sucker core（72）It is extended with air-flow guide part（79）.
8. the production method of the solar panel according to claim 1 or 7, it is characterised in that：The battery strings（2）'s
Quantity is even number, positive terminal（51）And negative terminals（52）Positioned at battery pack（13）The same side, with positive terminal
（51）And negative terminals（52）The busbar of the same side（5）On be all provided with sky terminals（53）；
The terminal box（8）It is interior equipped with the positive contact chip being arranged in order（81）, several empty contact chips（82）, negative contact chip
（83）, positive contact chip（81）With positive terminal（51）Contact chip is born in connection（83）With negative terminals（52）Connection, sky contact
Piece（82）Quantity and empty terminals（53）It is identical and connect one to one mutually；
The positive contact chip（81）Empty contact chip adjacent thereto（82）Between be serially connected with bypass diode（84）, the negative contact
Piece（83）Empty contact chip adjacent thereto（82）Between be serially connected with bypass diode（84）, the adjacent empty contact chip successively
（82）Between be serially connected with bypass diode（84）.
9. the production method of solar panel according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The cell piece（1）
Front is equipped with a plurality of secondary grid line 16 parallel to each other and the main gate line vertical with secondary grid line 16（17）, cell piece（1）The back side
Main gate line equipped with quantity identical with front（17）；Interconnecting strip（4）Connect adjacent cell piece（1）The main gate line of front and back
（17）；Main gate line（17）Silver paste is scribbled in secondary grid line 16；
The busbar（5）And interconnecting strip（4）All it is to apply tin copper strips, interconnecting strip（4）Width and main gate line（17）Unanimously, converge
Flow item（5）Width and thickness be all higher than interconnecting strip（4）.
10. the production method of solar panel according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The armorplate glass
（11）Light transmittance more than 91.5%.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711311576.XA CN108075014A (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2017-12-11 | A kind of production method of solar panel |
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| EP3916816A3 (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-12-29 | The Boeing Company | Conductive interconnect for connecting adjacent solar cells in a solar cell assembly |
| CN114725243A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-08 | 晟高发新能源发展(江苏)有限公司 | Series assembling equipment and method for solar cell silicon wafers |
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| CN112310243B (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-07-26 | 韩华新能源（启东）有限公司 | Positioning method and series welding method suitable for series welding of poor-cut battery pieces |
| CN114725243A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-07-08 | 晟高发新能源发展(江苏)有限公司 | Series assembling equipment and method for solar cell silicon wafers |
| CN114864718A (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2022-08-05 | 浙江贝盛光伏股份有限公司 | Solar module segmented laminating method and laminating machine |
| CN114864718B (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2023-11-10 | 浙江贝盛光伏股份有限公司 | Solar module sectional lamination method and laminating machine |
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