CN108072844B - Method for estimating available power of vehicle power battery - Google Patents
Method for estimating available power of vehicle power battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN108072844B CN108072844B CN201711348215.2A CN201711348215A CN108072844B CN 108072844 B CN108072844 B CN 108072844B CN 201711348215 A CN201711348215 A CN 201711348215A CN 108072844 B CN108072844 B CN 108072844B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery, which comprises the following steps: obtaining data; acquiring the actual state of charge of the power battery, and acquiring the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the power battery in the actual state of charge; obtaining available power corresponding to the fact that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is equal to the maximum temperature, and defining the available power as first available power; obtaining available power corresponding to the fact that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is equal to the minimum temperature, and defining the available power as second available power; and taking the smaller absolute value of the first available power and the second available power as an available power basic value, and multiplying the available power basic value by a dynamic correction factor f to obtain the available power of the power battery. The method for estimating the available power of the vehicle power battery can effectively avoid the situation that the output power is obviously reduced because the battery protection is triggered by the sudden drop of the voltage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of new energy automobile power batteries, in particular to an available power estimation method for an automobile power battery.
Background
The new energy automobile has the outstanding advantages of low emission, low oil consumption and the like, is an important way for solving the problems of energy, environmental protection and the like at present, and is a research hotspot of the current automobile industry. The power battery is widely applied as an energy storage component of a new energy automobile. In order to cooperate with the automobile application, a battery management system needs to be developed to monitor and record the operation data and the state of the battery, estimate the allowed charge and discharge power of the battery and provide the relevant information of the battery for the control strategy of the whole automobile. The available power of the battery represents the capacity of the battery for outputting or receiving power, and the estimated quality of the available power directly influences the energy management of the automobile and the driving feeling of users, and has a very important role in protecting the performance of the battery.
The available power of the battery is generally divided into a short-term power and a long-term power according to the duration, the short-term power is used for a short-term use such as starting an engine, and the long-term power is used for a long-duration use such as acceleration and energy recovery. Existing charge and discharge power estimates are typically obtained based on battery bench test data. Taking the 20-second discharge power as an example, under a specific state of charge (SOC) and temperature, the discharge power corresponding to the cell voltage reaching the cut-off voltage after continuously discharging for 20 seconds is the 20-second discharge power capability in the battery state. This method is simpler to implement, but in automotive applications the use of batteries is far more complicated than this. The magnitude and duration of the discharge power of the battery are related to the operation of the driver, and cannot be predicted in advance. In extreme cases, the use of power estimated in this way can lead to a sharp drop in voltage triggering battery protection and thus a significant reduction in output power, affecting drivability of the vehicle.
In summary, how to effectively avoid the situation that the voltage drops sharply to trigger the battery protection and thus the output power is reduced significantly is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery, which can effectively avoid the situation that a sudden voltage drop triggers battery protection, thereby significantly reducing output power.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for estimating available power of a power battery for a vehicle comprises the following steps:
obtaining data, and obtaining the available power of the power battery with various preset charge states at various preset temperatures through tests;
acquiring the actual state of charge of the power battery, and acquiring the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the power battery in the actual state of charge;
obtaining available power corresponding to the fact that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is equal to the maximum temperature, and defining the available power as first available power;
obtaining available power corresponding to the fact that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is equal to the minimum temperature, and defining the available power as second available power;
taking the smaller absolute value of the first available power and the second available power as an available power basic value;
and multiplying the available power basic value by a dynamic correction factor f to obtain the available power of the power battery.
Preferably, in the method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery, the acquiring a maximum temperature and a minimum temperature of the power battery in the actual state of charge specifically includes:
the temperature of a plurality of points of the power battery in the actual state of charge is collected, the collected highest temperature is used as the maximum temperature, and the collected lowest temperature is used as the minimum temperature.
Preferably, in the method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery, the step of obtaining data includes:
and obtaining the first preset time period for the continuous discharge of the power battery with various preset charge states at various preset temperatures, and taking the discharge power corresponding to the voltage of the battery monomer reaching the discharge cut-off voltage as the available power.
Preferably, in the method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery, the preset time period is 10 to 30 s.
Preferably, in the method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery, the method for calculating the dynamic correction factor f is as follows:
wherein u isminIs the minimum cell voltage of the power cell, udisIs the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery cell;uocvthe (SOC) is the corresponding open circuit voltage of the battery cell at the current state of charge.
Preferably, in the method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery, the step of obtaining data includes:
and continuously charging the power battery with various preset charge states at various preset temperatures for a second preset time period, wherein the charging power corresponding to the battery monomer voltage reaching the charging cut-off voltage is used as the available power.
Preferably, in the method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery, the method for calculating the dynamic correction factor f is as follows:
wherein u ismaxIs the maximum cell voltage, u, of the power cellchgThe charge cut-off voltage of the battery cell is set; u. ofocvThe (SOC) is the corresponding open circuit voltage of the battery cell at the current state of charge.
Preferably, in the method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery, the plurality of preset states of charge are SOC 10%, SOC 20%, SOC 30%, SOC 40%, SOC 50%, SOC 60%, SOC 70%, SOC 80% and SOC 90%, respectively.
Preferably, in the above method for estimating available power of a power battery for a vehicle, the step of obtaining data further includes tabulating available powers of the power battery at a plurality of preset temperatures, the power battery having a plurality of preset states of charge.
Preferably, in the method for estimating available power of a power battery for a vehicle, the available power corresponding to the case that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is equal to the maximum temperature, and the first available power is defined as the available power corresponding to the case that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is equal to the maximum temperature through an interpolation method;
the obtaining of the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge being the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature being the same as the minimum temperature and defining the available power as the second available power is specifically to obtain the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge being the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature being the same as the minimum temperature through an interpolation method and defining the available power as the second available power.
When the method for estimating the available power of the vehicle power battery is applied, a plurality of tests can be firstly carried out, the available power of the power battery with various preset charge states at various preset temperatures is obtained through experiments, and when the power battery on the vehicle needs to be estimated, the actual state of charge of the power battery on the vehicle can be obtained firstly, the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the power battery under the actual state of charge can be collected, the first available power and the second available power can be directly found through previous test data, or the first available power and the second available power are obtained by interpolation based on previous experimental data, and compares the first available power with the second available power, and takes the smaller absolute value as the basic value of the available power, and then multiplying the basic value of the available power by the dynamic correction factor f to obtain the available power of the power battery. When the estimation method for the available power of the vehicle power battery is used, the obtained available power basic value is corrected by multiplying the available power basic value by the dynamic correction factor f to obtain a final estimated value, so that the battery protection is prevented from being triggered by the sudden drop of the voltage, and the remarkable reduction of the output power and the influence on the drivability of the vehicle are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a method for estimating the available power of a vehicle power battery, which can effectively avoid the situation that the output power is obviously reduced because the voltage drops sharply to trigger the battery protection.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s1, obtaining data, and obtaining the available power of the power battery with various preset charge states at various preset temperatures through tests;
specifically, tests can be carried out on the battery rack, and the available power of the power battery in various preset charge states at each preset temperature can be obtained through the tests. The method comprises the steps of carrying out multiple tests, sequentially testing each power battery with preset charge state at multiple preset temperatures, and recording available power obtained by each test, namely obtaining the available power of each power battery with preset charge state at multiple preset temperatures.
S2, acquiring the actual state of charge of the power battery, and collecting the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the power battery in the actual state of charge;
the power battery generally comprises a plurality of single batteries, the temperature of each part of the power battery is different in the use process, the maximum temperature of the power battery refers to the temperature value of the part with the highest temperature, and the minimum temperature of the power battery refers to the temperature value of the part with the lowest temperature.
S3, obtaining available power corresponding to the fact that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is equal to the maximum temperature, and defining the available power as first available power;
that is, according to the data recorded in the step S1, the available power of the power battery at various preset temperatures for each preset state of charge is already obtained in the step S1, so that the available power corresponding to the case where the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is equal to the maximum temperature can be obtained by referring to the data recorded in the step S1; if the actual state of charge is a value between the two recorded preset states of charge and the maximum temperature is a value between the two recorded preset temperatures, the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge and the maximum temperature can be obtained according to an interpolation method, and the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge and the maximum temperature is defined as the first available power.
S4, obtaining available power corresponding to the fact that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is equal to the minimum temperature, and defining the available power as second available power;
similarly, the data recorded in step S1 may also be consulted to obtain the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge being the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature being equal to the minimum temperature; if the actual state of charge is a value between the two recorded preset states of charge and the minimum temperature is a value between the two recorded preset temperatures, the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge and the minimum temperature can be obtained according to an interpolation method, and the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge and the minimum temperature is defined as a second available power.
S5 takes the smaller absolute value of the first available power and the second available power as the available power basic value.
Comparing the first available power obtained in the step S3 with the second available power obtained in the step S4, and using the smaller absolute value as the available power basic value, which may be the estimated available power.
And S6, multiplying the available power basic value by the dynamic correction factor f to obtain the available power of the power battery.
The available power basic value is multiplied by the dynamic correction factor f to correct the obtained available power basic value to obtain a final estimated value.
When the method for estimating the available power of the vehicle power battery is applied, a plurality of tests can be firstly carried out, the available power of the power battery with various preset charge states at various preset temperatures is obtained through experiments, and when the power battery on the vehicle needs to be estimated, the actual state of charge of the power battery on the vehicle can be obtained firstly, the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the power battery under the actual state of charge can be collected, the first available power and the second available power can be directly found through previous test data, or the first available power and the second available power are obtained by interpolation based on previous experimental data, and compares the first available power with the second available power, and takes the smaller absolute value as the basic value of the available power, and then multiplying the basic value of the available power by the dynamic correction factor f to obtain the available power of the power battery. When the estimation method for the available power of the vehicle power battery is used, the obtained available power basic value is corrected by multiplying the available power basic value by the dynamic correction factor f to obtain a final estimated value, so that the battery protection is prevented from being triggered by the sudden drop of the voltage, and the remarkable reduction of the output power and the influence on the drivability of the vehicle are avoided.
In step S2, the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the power battery in the actual state of charge are collected, which may specifically be:
the temperature of a plurality of points of the power battery in the actual state of charge is collected, the collected highest temperature is used as the maximum temperature, and the collected lowest temperature is used as the minimum temperature. That is, a plurality of points of the power battery in the actual state of charge are simultaneously detected, the detected highest temperature is set as the maximum temperature, the detected lowest temperature is set as the minimum temperature, and the plurality of points are distributed on the power battery.
In a specific embodiment, the process of acquiring data in step S1 may specifically be: and obtaining the first preset time period for the continuous discharge of the power battery with various preset charge states at various preset temperatures, and taking the discharge power corresponding to the voltage of the battery monomer reaching the discharge cut-off voltage as the available power. The first preset time period may be 10 to 30s, specifically 20s, and is not limited herein. During the test, the power battery with each preset charge state is continuously discharged for a first preset time period at various preset temperatures, and the corresponding discharge power when the single battery voltage reaches the discharge cut-off voltage is used as the available power. When the voltage of the battery monomer reaches the discharge cut-off voltage, that is, when one battery monomer reaches the discharge cut-off voltage first in the discharge process of the power battery, the discharge power corresponding to the power battery is used as the available power at the moment.
In the above embodiment, the first calculation method of the dynamic correction factor f is as follows:
wherein u isminThe minimum cell voltage of the power battery refers to the voltage of one cell with the minimum voltage in a plurality of cells under the current state of charge; u. ofdisA discharge cutoff voltage for the battery cell, which may be provided by a supplier; u. ofocvThe (SOC) is the open-circuit voltage corresponding to the battery cell in the current state of charge, and can be obtained through a cell test.
When the power battery with various preset charge states continuously discharges for a first preset time period at various preset temperatures and the discharge power corresponding to the battery monomer voltage reaching the discharge cut-off voltage is used as the available power, the value obtained by multiplying the available power by the dynamic correction factor f obtained by the first calculation method is the finally estimated available power of the power battery.
In another specific embodiment, the process of acquiring data in step S1 may specifically be: and continuously charging the power battery with various preset charge states at various preset temperatures for a second preset time period, wherein the charging power corresponding to the battery monomer voltage reaching the charging cut-off voltage is used as the available power. The second preset time period may be 10 to 30s, specifically 20s, and is not limited herein. During the test, the power battery with each preset charge state is continuously charged for a second preset time period at various preset temperatures, and the corresponding discharging power when the single battery voltage reaches the charge cut-off voltage is used as the available power. When the voltage of the battery monomer reaches the charge cut-off voltage, that is, when one battery monomer reaches the charge cut-off voltage first, the power battery is charged, namely when one battery monomer reaches the charge cut-off voltage first, the charging power corresponding to the power battery is used as the available power.
The second calculation method of the dynamic correction factor f is as follows:
wherein u ismaxThe maximum cell voltage of the power battery refers to the voltage of one cell with the maximum voltage in a plurality of cells under the current state of charge; u. ofchgA charge cutoff voltage for the battery cell, which may be provided by a supplier; u. ofocvThe (SOC) is the open-circuit voltage corresponding to the battery cell in the current state of charge, and can be obtained through a cell test.
When the power battery with various preset charge states is continuously charged for a second preset time period at various preset temperatures and the charging power corresponding to the battery monomer voltage reaching the charging cut-off voltage is used as the available power, the available power can be multiplied by the dynamic correction factor f obtained by the second calculation method to obtain a value which is the finally estimated available power of the power battery.
In the above embodiments, the plurality of preset states of charge may be SOC 10%, SOC 20%, SOC 30%, SOC 40%, SOC 50%, SOC 60%, SOC 70%, SOC 80%, and SOC 90%, respectively.
The various preset temperatures may be 10 deg.C, 20 deg.C, 30 deg.C, 40 deg.C, 50 deg.C and 60 deg.C.
In order to facilitate the steps S3 and S4 to obtain the first available power and the second available power, the step S1 of obtaining data further includes tabulating the obtained available powers of the power batteries at the plurality of preset states of charge at the plurality of preset temperatures, so that the first available power and the second available power can be obtained by directly looking up the table in the steps S3 and S4.
In another embodiment, the step of obtaining the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge being the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature being the same as the maximum temperature is defined as the first available power, which is obtained by interpolation, and is the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge being the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature being the same as the maximum temperature.
The available power of the power battery with various preset charge states at various preset temperatures obtained through experiments is only a plurality of groups of discrete data. If the actual state of charge is a value between two preset states of charge and the maximum temperature is a value between two preset temperatures, the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge and the maximum temperature can be obtained in an interpolation mode.
The step of obtaining the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge being the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature being the same as the minimum temperature and defining the available power as the second available power is to obtain the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge being the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature being the same as the minimum temperature through an interpolation method and defining the available power as the second available power.
Similarly, if the actual state of charge is a value between two preset states of charge and the maximum temperature is a value between two preset temperatures, the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge and the minimum temperature can be obtained by interpolation. The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A method for estimating available power of a power battery for a vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining data, and obtaining the available power of the power battery with various preset charge states at various preset temperatures through tests;
acquiring the actual state of charge of the power battery, and acquiring the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the power battery in the actual state of charge;
obtaining available power corresponding to the fact that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is equal to the maximum temperature, and defining the available power as first available power;
obtaining available power corresponding to the fact that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is equal to the minimum temperature, and defining the available power as second available power;
taking the smaller absolute value of the first available power and the second available power as an available power basic value;
multiplying the available power basic value by a dynamic correction factor f to obtain the available power of the power battery;
the step of obtaining data specifically comprises: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a first preset time period for continuous discharge of the power battery with various preset charge states at various preset temperatures, taking discharge power corresponding to the fact that the voltage of a battery monomer reaches a discharge cut-off voltage as available power, and calculating the dynamic correction factor f according to the following method:
wherein u isminIs the minimum cell voltage of the power cell, udisIs the discharge cut-off voltage of the battery cell; u. ofocv(SOC) is the corresponding open-circuit voltage of the battery cell in the current state of charge; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the step of obtaining data specifically comprises: the calculation method of the dynamic correction factor f includes the following steps that the power battery with various preset charge states is continuously charged for a second preset time period at various preset temperatures, and the charging power corresponding to the battery monomer voltage reaching the charging cut-off voltage serves as the available power:
wherein u ismaxIs the maximum cell voltage, u, of the power cellchgThe charge cut-off voltage of the battery cell is set; u. ofocvThe (SOC) is the corresponding open circuit voltage of the battery cell at the current state of charge.
2. The method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery according to claim 1, wherein the step of collecting the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the power battery in the actual state of charge specifically comprises:
the temperature of a plurality of points of the power battery in the actual state of charge is collected, the collected highest temperature is used as the maximum temperature, and the collected lowest temperature is used as the minimum temperature.
3. The method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery according to claim 1, wherein the first preset time period is 10-30 s.
4. The method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of preset states of charge are SOC 10%, SOC 20%, SOC 30%, SOC 40%, SOC 50%, SOC 60%, SOC 70%, SOC 80% and SOC 90%, respectively.
5. The method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery according to claim 1, wherein the step of obtaining data further comprises tabulating the obtained available power of the power battery at a plurality of preset states of charge at a plurality of preset temperatures.
6. The method for estimating available power of a vehicle power battery according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the step of obtaining available power corresponding to the case that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is the same as the maximum temperature is defined as the first available power, specifically obtaining available power corresponding to the case that the actual state of charge is the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature is the same as the maximum temperature by interpolation;
the step of obtaining the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge being the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature being the same as the minimum temperature and defining the available power as the second available power is to obtain the available power corresponding to the actual state of charge being the same as the preset state of charge and the preset temperature being the same as the minimum temperature through an interpolation method and defining the available power as the second available power.
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