CN108072234A - The control method of air-separating plant - Google Patents
The control method of air-separating plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN108072234A CN108072234A CN201611021408.2A CN201611021408A CN108072234A CN 108072234 A CN108072234 A CN 108072234A CN 201611021408 A CN201611021408 A CN 201611021408A CN 108072234 A CN108072234 A CN 108072234A
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- Prior art keywords
- air
- fractionating column
- column system
- separating plant
- control method
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Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 100
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 23
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 19
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 6
- OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[O] Chemical compound [N].[O] OLBVUFHMDRJKTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000521257 Hydrops Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- PDEXVOWZLSWEJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton xenon Chemical compound [Kr].[Xe] PDEXVOWZLSWEJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
- F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
- F25J3/04824—Stopping of the process, e.g. defrosting or deriming; Back-up procedures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/40—Air or oxygen enriched air, i.e. generally less than 30mol% of O2
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2280/00—Control of the process or apparatus
- F25J2280/30—Control of a discontinuous or intermittent ("batch") process
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of control methods of air-separating plant, air-separating plant includes ice chest, the fractionating column system in ice chest, the thermal insulation material being filled in ice chest, compressor and the molecular sieve adsorber being connected between compressor and fractionating column system, fractionating column system, which includes Shang Ta, lower tower and the main condenser evaporator for being connected between Shang Ta and lower tower and being connected with upper tower, the control method of the air-separating plant, to be included：When air-separating plant is shut down, compressor and molecular sieve adsorber is controlled to close, heat treatment is not carried out to fractionating column system, so that the temperature of fractionating column system is not higher than the temperature of thermal insulation material.The control method of air-separating plant provided by the invention when shutting down, does not heat fractionating column system so that fractionating column system exchanges heat with thermal insulation material and raises fractionating column system temperature, avoids bearing suction phenomenon caused by pressure reduces in fractionating column system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of air separation, more specifically, are related to a kind of control method of air-separating plant.
Background technology
Air-separating plant (air separation plant) is a kind of highly energy-consuming equipment, and the energy consumption of air separation plant is very big, currentization
Industrial and commercial bank's industry, metallurgy industry account for more than the 10% of its total energy consumption for the energy consumption of air separation plant, and the energy run in air separation plant
Consumption accounts for more than the 80% of its totle drilling cost, wherein raw material air compressor machine (compressor) and be air separation plant " energy consumption rich and influential family ".
Present low-temperature deep method air separation plant all adsorbs to remove moisture in raw air, dioxy using molecular sieve front end
Change carbon, hydrocarbon, this flow does not set individual warming flow path (drier+Roots blower+heater=heating tube
Line), but directly dry positive stream raw air is come out with molecular sieve adsorber to heat fractionating column system (main heat exchange in ice chest
Device, upper and lower tower, subcooler, crude argon I towers, crude argon II towers, pure argon column, pipeline or even krypton xenon neon helium rare gas knockout tower etc.), because
This many air separation plant is all that Kaiyuan material air compressor machine heats, and air compressor machine, which also has, during heating diffuses greatly very much, and energy consumption is very big.
Traditional operation regulation provides to empty the low temperature in fractionating column more than when low-temperature deep method air separation plant shutdown 48 is small
Liquid, shut down or (and) start before need to air separation plant carry out system warm-up.System warm-up is to heat the equipment in ice chest
It is shut down after to 5~10 DEG C, also length is different for flow different time, when the three high requirements of process about 24 of general oxygen nitrogen and argon is small.
Traditional heating method is consumed compared with multiple-energy-source, and is easy to cause outside air and is born inspiration and enter fractionating column system, when again
During secondary unlatching air-separating plant, it is necessary to which thoroughly heating makes its drying, further increases energy consumption.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solve one of technical problem in the prior art.
For this purpose, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of control methods of air-separating plant.
To achieve the above object, the embodiment provides a kind of control method of air-separating plant, the skies
Air separation includes ice chest, the fractionating column system in the ice chest, the thermal insulation material being filled in the ice chest, compression
Machine and the molecular sieve adsorber being connected between the compressor and the fractionating column system, the fractionating column system include upper
Tower, lower tower and the main condenser evaporator for being connected between the upper tower and the lower tower and being connected with the upper tower, the air
The control method of separator includes：When the air-separating plant is shut down, the compressor and the molecular sieve is controlled to adsorb
Device is closed, and does not carry out heat treatment to the fractionating column system, so that the temperature of the fractionating column system is not higher than the heat preservation
The temperature of material.
The above embodiment of the present invention provide air-separating plant control method, shut down when, close compressor and point
Son sieve absorber, does not carry out heat treatment so that the temperature of fractionating column system is not higher than the temperature of thermal insulation material to fractionating column system
Degree, the temperature of wherein fractionating column system 1 refer to the mean temperature of fractionating column system 1, and the temperature of thermal insulation material refers to keeping the temperature
The average value of the temperature of material everywhere so that when the temperature of fractionating column system is less than the temperature of thermal insulation material, fractionating column system
It can be raised by exchanging heat with thermal insulation material and temperature so that pressure is not less than atmospheric pressure in fractionating column system, works as fractionation
When the temperature of Tower System is equal to the temperature of thermal insulation material, fractionating column system exchanges heat together with thermal insulation material with the external world so that
Fractionating column system temperature raises, again such that the pressure in fractionating column system is not less than atmospheric pressure, will not cause negative suction, and then outer
Boundary's humid air cannot be introduced into fractionating column system, so that air-separating plant is started shooting again during heating, without carrying out the long period
Thoroughly heating purging, reduces energy consumption, and compared to when being shut down in correlation technique and when start is once heated, during shutdown
Reduce the number of warming operation without heating, reduce further energy consumption.
Specifically, warming operation is carried out to fractionating column system when being shut down in correlation technique, since air-separating plant passes through
After crossing longtime running, the thermal insulation material in ice chest also in low-temperature condition, if therefore carry out system warm-up, fractionating column before and after heating
Temperature changing trend in system is the situation of " low-high-low-high ", that is, when heating in ice chest fractionating column system temperature by adding
Wen Shixian is raised, and temperature declines after equipment absorbs the cold in thermal insulation material after heating stops, if continuing to shut down for a long time, when
After the temperature of thermal insulation material and fractionating column system reaches balance, the temperature of fractionating column system and thermal insulation material can change again with the external world
Heat, temperature rise.6500m3/ h air-separating plants are heated up to exemplified by 5 DEG C, and heating stops aftercut Tower System and absorbs in ice chest
After the cold of thermal insulation material, king-tower temperature be reduced to -40 DEG C, the temperature of crude argon column etc. reach less than -60 DEG C, when fractionating column system
When the temperature of system declines, the gas volume in former fractionating column reduces, and outside air " negative to inhale " is caused to enter.It calculates as follows：Fractionation
Tower System total measurement (volume) be R, the gas in fractionating column system is considered as perfect gas, at the end of heating temperature for T1=5 DEG C=
278K, pressure P1, after stopping heating, cold is passed to fractionating column system by thermal insulation material, and fractionating column system is averaged in ice chest
At a temperature of be reduced to T2=-40 DEG C=233K, P2=P1 × T2/T1=233/278=0.84, then volume will be reduced into original
84%, tower pressure interior force declines, and can form negative pressure instead and humid air is caused to bear inspiration and is entered, shutdown phase in pressure-time curve
Raw-gas volume reduces, and pressure is below atmospheric pressure P0 (dotted line in Fig. 2)；When restarting due to there is humid air entrance, it is necessary to
More thoroughly heating makes drying, and heating adds energy consumption twice before and after this.
It is not heated after being shut down in the application, no matter the heat exchange of fractionating column system and thermal insulation material or fractionating column system are with keeping the temperature
Material exchanges heat together with the external world, and the temperature of entire fractionating column system is in uphill process always, whenever warm before activation
Spend T>T0, then pressure P=(T/T0) P0>1, wherein, P0 is atmospheric pressure, therefore is always positive pressure in fractionating column system, will not be caused
It is negative to inhale.
In addition, the control method for the air-separating plant that the above embodiment of the present invention provides also has following supplementary technology spy
Sign：
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that before the air-separating plant is shut down, the air-separating plant is controlled to discharge
Partially liq in the upper tower, and discharge the liquid in the lower tower.
In above-described embodiment, drain with pressure is carried out before air-separating plant is shut down, empties liquid in lower tower, Shang Tazhong is not
Liquid is emptied, since upper tower is connected with main condenser evaporator, the liquid flow that Shang Tazhong leaves becomes owner of condenser/evaporator.Liquid with
It ice chest and extraneous heat exchange and natural evaporation, positive pressure is formed when starting evaporation, in tower, even if after liquid evaporating completely, in tower
There is no positive pressure, although fractionating column system and thermal insulation material are low-temperature conditions, but with the heat exchange with the external world, fractionating column system and guarantor
The temperature of adiabator is gone up naturally, is not in temperature reduction, and gas volume in tower will not be caused to reduce and form negative pressure, so as to
Extraneous humid air cannot be introduced into fractionating column system.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that the liquid left in the upper tower accounts for the liquid of the main condenser evaporator
Position is less than or equal to 25 the percent of the main condenser evaporator normal level, avoids the amount of liquid left excessive, causes
Liquid evaporation duration is excessive.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that the liquid left in the upper tower accounts for the liquid of the main condenser evaporator
Position is equal to the 1 15 of the main condenser evaporator normal level.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that output of products pipeline is connected on the upper tower, on the output of products pipeline
Equipped with control valve, the control method of the air-separating plant further includes：The liquid evaporating completely left in the upper tower
Before, the aperture of the control valve is controlled to adjust, so that the pressure in the fractionating column system is not less than atmospheric pressure.
In above-described embodiment, before the liquid evaporation that is left in upper tower is complete, fractionating column system is externally vented, adjusting control
The aperture of valve, due to liquid evaporation so that the pressure neither superpressure in fractionating column system ensures extraneous wet not less than atmospheric pressure P0
Air cannot be introduced into fractionating column system.In a specific embodiment, can by the method for the aperture for reducing control valve,
The pressure neither superpressure in fractionating column system is made to be not less than atmospheric pressure again.It is of course also possible to do not turn the aperture of control valve down, this
When, the pressure in fractionating column system is equal to atmospheric pressure.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that the output of products pipeline include oxygen output tube line, nitrogen export pipeline and
Dirty nitrogen export pipeline；The control valve includes the oxygen control valve being arranged on the oxygen output tube line, is arranged on the nitrogen
Nitrogen gas control valve on gas export pipeline and the dirty nitrogen control valve being arranged on the dirty nitrogen export pipeline.
It is before the liquid evaporation that is left in upper tower is complete, oxygen control valve, nitrogen gas control valve and dirty nitrogen control valve is whole
Turn aperture down so that the pressure in fractionating column system is more than atmospheric pressure.Of course, it is possible to only turn oxygen control valve, nitrogen control down
Valve and one or two in dirty nitrogen control valve, alternatively, closing one of those or two.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that the molecular sieve adsorber is connected with the dirty nitrogen export pipeline, and described
Molecular sieve adsorber in the connecting pipeline of the dirty nitrogen export pipeline, the connection of the molecular sieve adsorber and the compressor
On pipeline, valve, the air separation are both provided in the connecting pipeline of the molecular sieve adsorber and the fractionating column system
The control method of device further includes：Before the liquid evaporating completely left on described in tower, the valve is controlled to close.
In above-described embodiment, molecular sieve adsorber is connected by the first connecting pipeline with compressor, by the second connecting tube
Line is connected with fractionating column system, is connected by the 3rd connecting pipeline with dirty nitrogen export pipeline, wherein, in the first connecting pipeline, the
Valve (switching valve) is equipped in two connecting pipelines, the 3rd connecting pipeline, wherein, the break-make of switching valve is controlled, tune can be adjusted
Whole two molecular sieve adsorbers operating mode (air enter a molecular sieve adsorber, after the molecular sieve adsorber saturation,
Control air continues to adsorb into another molecular sieve adsorber, to absorbing the molecular sieve adsorber of saturation, inputs high temperature dirt nitrogen
Gas heats molecular sieve adsorber, then inputs cold dirty nitrogen and cool down to molecular sieve adsorber so that molecular sieve is inhaled
Adnexa recovers adsorption capacity).Preferably, air-separating plant includes two molecular sieve adsorbers.
Before the liquid evaporating completely left in upper tower, close valve, prevent humid air by molecular sieve adsorber at
Into fractionating column system.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that the control method of the air-separating plant further includes：It is left in the upper tower
Liquid evaporating completely after, the control valve is controlled to close.
After the liquid evaporation that is left in upper tower is complete, when tower temperature degree slightly rises, closing control valve prevents humid air from passing through
Oxygen output tube line, nitrogen export pipeline and dirty nitrogen export pipeline enter fractionating column system.Because at this time without liquid in upper tower
It evaporates, the situation of superpressure will not occur in closing control valve fractionating column system.
In above-described embodiment, after the liquid evaporation that is left in upper tower is complete, oxygen control valve, nitrogen gas control valve and dirt are closed
Nitrogen control valve avoids extraneous humid air from entering fractionating column by oxygen output tube line, nitrogen export pipeline and dirty nitrogen export pipeline
In system.
After liquid evaporating completely, fractionating column system exchanges heat together with thermal insulation material with the external world, temperature rise, fractionation
Gas expansion in Tower System, the pressure in fractionating column system may be slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, it is also possible to equal to atmospheric pressure.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that the control method of the air-separating plant further includes：The air separation dress
Before putting start again, the compressor and the molecular sieve adsorber is controlled to open, to be heated to the fractionating column system
Processing.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that the thermal insulation material is pearlife.
The air-separating plant includes some high-purity nitrogen plants, oxygen nitrogen double high equipment, three high equipment of oxygen nitrogen and argon, rare gas
Extracting section or full extraction equipment.The control method of the air-separating plant the intermittent outage long period (it is general 48 it is small when with
On) when, the liquid that when shutdown is not emptied in fractionating column keeps micro-positive pressure by its natural evaporation, shut down or start before system is not required
Heating is thawed, and is shut down the long period suitable for cryogenic air separation plant of the front end with molecular sieve adsorber but is not taken off pearlife maintenance
Occasion.
Even if causing to move outside cold when raffinate evaporates in tower, export to form certain low temperature in product pipe, at most also only can
In product pipe exit, inner wall condenses minute quantity humid air, will not enter in equipment, these moisture pass through in the gas that backflows of driving
It is just to be blown down.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become practice apparent or by the present invention in following description section
Recognize.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination accompanying drawings below to embodiment
Substantially and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the relation schematic diagram that temperature changes over time in fractionating column system in correlation technique；
Fig. 2 is the relation schematic diagram that pressure changes over time in fractionating column system in correlation technique；
Fig. 3 is the structure diagram of the air-separating plant described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of the control method of the air-separating plant described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the relation schematic diagram that temperature changes over time in fractionating column system described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the relation schematic diagram that pressure changes over time in fractionating column system described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the correspondence in Fig. 3 between reference numeral and component names is：
1 fractionating column system, 2 thermal insulation materials, 3 compressors, 4 molecular sieve adsorbers, 5 ice chests.
Specific embodiment
It is to better understand the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific real
Mode is applied the present invention is further described in detail.It should be noted that in the case where there is no conflict, the implementation of the application
Feature in example and embodiment can be mutually combined.
Many details are elaborated in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention, still, the present invention may be used also
By using other different from implementing in a manner of described here, therefore, protection scope of the present invention and from following public tool
The limitation of body embodiment.
The control method of air-separating plant according to some embodiments of the invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, a kind of control method of the air-separating plant provided according to some embodiments of the invention,
Air-separating plant includes ice chest 5, the fractionating column system 1 in ice chest 5 and the thermal insulation material 2 being filled in ice chest 5, pressure
Contracting machine 3 and the molecular sieve adsorber 4 being connected between compressor 3 and fractionating column system 1, fractionating column system 1 include Shang Ta, lower tower
And the main condenser evaporator for being connected between Shang Ta and lower tower and being connected with upper tower, the control method of the air-separating plant
Including：When air-separating plant is shut down, compressor 3 and molecular sieve adsorber 4 is controlled to close, fractionating column system 1 is not added
Temperature processing, so that the temperature of fractionating column system 1 is not higher than the temperature of thermal insulation material 2.
The above embodiment of the present invention provide air-separating plant control method, shut down when, close compressor 3 and point
Son sieve absorber 4, does not carry out heat treatment so that the temperature of fractionating column system 1 is not higher than thermal insulation material 2 to fractionating column system 1
Temperature, the temperature of wherein fractionating column system 1 refers to the mean temperature of fractionating column system 1, and the temperature of thermal insulation material 2 refers to
The average value of the temperature of thermal insulation material 2 everywhere so that when the temperature of fractionating column system 1 is less than the temperature of thermal insulation material 2, fractionation
Tower System 1 can be raised by exchanging heat with thermal insulation material 2 and temperature so that pressure is not less than air in fractionating column system 1
Pressure, when fractionating column system 1 temperature be equal to thermal insulation material 2 temperature when, fractionating column system 1 together with thermal insulation material 2 with the external world
It exchanging heat so that 1 temperature of fractionating column system raises, again such that the pressure in fractionating column system 1 is not less than atmospheric pressure, it will not
Cause negative suction, and then extraneous humid air cannot be introduced into fractionating column system 1, so that air-separating plant is started shooting again during heating, nothing
Need to carry out the thorough heating purging of long period, reduce energy consumption, and compared to when being shut down in correlation technique and during start into
Row once heats, and reduces the number of warming operation during shutdown without heating, reduces further energy consumption.
Specifically, warming operation is carried out to fractionating column system 1 when being shut down in correlation technique, since air-separating plant passes through
After crossing longtime running, the thermal insulation material 2 in ice chest 5 also in low-temperature condition, if therefore carry out system warm-up, as shown in Figure 1, plus
Temperature changing trend before and after temperature in fractionating column system is the situation of " low-high-low-high ", that is, fractionation in ice chest 5 when heating
T1 is first increased to when 1 temperature of Tower System is by heating, temperature drops to after equipment absorbs the cold in thermal insulation material 2 after heating stops
T2, if continuing to shut down for a long time, after the temperature of thermal insulation material 2 and fractionating column system 1 reaches balance, 1 He of fractionating column system
Thermal insulation material 2 can exchange heat again with the external world, temperature rise, correspond at A1 in Fig. 1 and heated when being again started up.With 6500m3/ h air point
Exemplified by 5 DEG C being heated up to from device, after heating stops the cold that aftercut Tower System 1 absorbs 5 inside thermal conservation material 2 of ice chest, king-tower temperature
Degree be reduced to -40 DEG C, the temperature of crude argon column etc. reach less than -60 DEG C, it is former to be fractionated when the temperature of fractionating column system 1 declines
Gas volume in tower reduces, and outside air " negative to inhale " is caused to enter.It calculates as follows：1 total measurement (volume) of fractionating column system is R, will be divided
It evaporates the gas in Tower System 1 and is considered as perfect gas, temperature is T1=5 DEG C=278K at the end of heating, as shown in Fig. 2, pressure is
A2 segment tables show heating process in P1, Fig. 2, and after stopping heating, cold is passed to fractionating column system 1 by thermal insulation material 2, in ice chest 5
1 mean temperature of fractionating column system declines most T2=-40 DEG C=233K, P2=P1 × T2/T1=233/278=0.84, then body
Product will be reduced into original 84%, and tower pressure interior force declines, can form negative pressure instead and humid air is caused to bear inspiration and is entered, in Fig. 2
Shutdown phase A3 raw-gas volume reduces in pressure curve, and pressure is below atmospheric pressure P0 (dotted line in Fig. 2)；When restarting
(in Fig. 2 A4 sections) are due to there is humid air entrance, it is necessary to which more thoroughly heating makes drying, and heating adds energy consumption twice before and after this.
Do not heated after being shut down in the application, no matter the heat exchange of fractionating column system 1 and thermal insulation material 2 or fractionating column system 1 and
Thermal insulation material 2 exchanges heat together with the external world, and the temperature of entire fractionating column system 1 is in uphill process always, such as Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 institutes
Show, before activation whenever temperature T>T0, then pressure P=(T/T0) P0>1, wherein, P0 is atmospheric pressure, therefore fractionating column system
It is always inside positive pressure, negative suction will not be caused.
Preferably, before air-separating plant is shut down, the partially liq in the upper tower of control air-separating plant discharge, and discharge
Liquid in lower tower.
In above-described embodiment, drain with pressure is carried out before air-separating plant is shut down, empties liquid in lower tower, Shang Tazhong is not
Liquid is emptied, since upper tower is connected with main condenser evaporator, the liquid flow that Shang Tazhong leaves becomes owner of condenser/evaporator.Liquid with
It ice chest 5 and extraneous heat exchange and natural evaporation, positive pressure is formed when starting evaporation, in tower, even if after liquid evaporating completely, in tower
There is no positive pressure, although fractionating column system 1 and thermal insulation material 2 are low-temperature conditions, with the heat exchange with the external world, fractionating column system 1
Go up naturally with the temperature of thermal insulation material 2, be not in temperature reduction, gas volume in tower will not be caused to reduce and formed negative
Pressure, so as to which extraneous humid air cannot be introduced into fractionating column system 1.
Preferably, the liquid level that the liquid left in upper tower accounts for main condenser evaporator is normal less than or equal to main condenser evaporator
25 the percent of liquid level, avoids the amount of liquid left excessive, causes liquid evaporation duration excessive.
Preferably, the liquid level that the liquid left in upper tower accounts for main condenser evaporator is equal to main condenser evaporator normal level
1 15.
Preferably, Shang Tashang is connected with output of products pipeline, and output of products pipeline is equipped with control valve, air-separating plant
Control method further include：Before the liquid evaporating completely left in upper tower, the aperture of control valve is controlled to adjust, so that fractionating column
Pressure in system 1 is not less than atmospheric pressure.
In above-described embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, before the liquid evaporation left in upper tower is complete, fractionating column system 1 is externally arranged
Gas controls the aperture of control valve, due to liquid evaporation so that the pressure in fractionating column system 1 ensures outer not less than atmospheric pressure P0
Boundary's humid air cannot be introduced into fractionating column system 1.It is of course also possible to the aperture of control valve is not turned down, at this point, fractionating column system 1
Interior pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure.
Preferably, output of products pipeline includes oxygen output tube line, nitrogen export pipeline and dirty nitrogen export pipeline；Control valve
Including the oxygen control valve being arranged on oxygen output tube line, the nitrogen gas control valve being arranged on nitrogen export pipeline and it is arranged on
Dirty nitrogen control valve on dirty nitrogen export pipeline.
It is before the liquid evaporation that is left in upper tower is complete, oxygen control valve, nitrogen gas control valve and dirty nitrogen control valve is whole
Turn aperture down so that the pressure in fractionating column system 1 is more than atmospheric pressure.Of course, it is possible to only turn oxygen control valve, nitrogen control down
Valve and one or two in dirty nitrogen control valve, alternatively, closing one of those or two.
Preferably, as shown in figure 3, molecular sieve adsorber 4 is connected with dirty nitrogen export pipeline, wherein, molecular sieve adsorber 4
With in the connecting pipeline of compressor 3, in the connecting pipeline of molecular sieve adsorber 4 and fractionating column system 1, molecular sieve adsorber 4 with
Valve is both provided in the connecting pipeline of dirty nitrogen export pipeline, the control method of air-separating plant further includes：In upper Ta Neiliu
Before some liquid evaporating completelies, control valve is closed.Preferably, molecule there are two being set between compressor 3 and fractionating column system 1
Sieve absorber 4.
In above-described embodiment, molecular sieve adsorber 4 is connected with compressor 3 by the first connecting pipeline, is connected by second
Pipeline is connected with fractionating column system 1, is connected by the 3rd connecting pipeline with dirty nitrogen export pipeline, wherein, the first connecting pipeline,
Valve (switching valve) is equipped in second connecting pipeline, the 3rd connecting pipeline, wherein, the break-make of switching valve is controlled, can be adjusted
(air enters a molecular sieve adsorber 4 to the operating mode of two molecular sieve adsorbers 4, in 4 saturation of molecular sieve adsorber
Afterwards, control air continues to adsorb into another molecular sieve adsorber 4, to absorbing the molecular sieve adsorber 4 of saturation, inputs high temperature
Dirty nitrogen heats molecular sieve adsorber 4, then inputs cold dirty nitrogen and cool down to molecular sieve adsorber 4 so that point
Son sieve absorber 4 recovers adsorption capacity).
Before the liquid evaporating completely left in upper tower, close valve, prevent humid air by molecular sieve adsorber 4 at
Into fractionating column system 1.
Preferably, the control method of air-separating plant further includes：After the liquid evaporating completely left in upper tower, control
Control valve is closed.
After the liquid evaporation that is left in upper tower is complete, when tower temperature degree slightly rises, closing control valve prevents humid air from passing through
Oxygen output tube line, nitrogen export pipeline and dirty nitrogen export pipeline enter fractionating column system 1.Because at this time without liquid in upper tower
It evaporates, the situation of superpressure will not occur in closing control valve fractionating column system 1.
In above-described embodiment, after the liquid evaporation that is left in upper tower is complete, oxygen control valve, nitrogen gas control valve and dirt are closed
Nitrogen control valve avoids extraneous humid air from entering fractionating column by oxygen output tube line, nitrogen export pipeline and dirty nitrogen export pipeline
In system 1.
After liquid evaporating completely, fractionating column system 1 exchanges heat together with thermal insulation material 2 with the external world, temperature rise, point
Evaporate the gas expansion in Tower System 1, the pressure in fractionating column system 1 may be slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, it is also possible to equal to atmospheric pressure.
Preferably, the control method of air-separating plant further includes：Before air-separating plant is started shooting again, compressor is controlled
3 and molecular sieve adsorber 4 open, with to fractionating column system 1 carry out heat treatment.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, it is preferable that thermal insulation material 2 is pearlife.
Drain does not heat or even stays some liquid during shutdown, has raffinate to evaporate to form positive pressure in upper tower during beginning, even if
Liquid evaporation is over, without positive pressure in fractionating column system 1, as shown in figure 5, although fractionating column system 1 and pearlife are low temperature shapes
State, temperature can nature go up, temperature recovery curve is also unilateral upward, all always in the process risen, it is impossible to have by
The process that reduces downwards of height will not cause volume-diminished to form negative pressure, and B places represent that liquid evaporation is complete in Fig. 5, and expression is again at C
It opening and heats, pressure curve is divided to two sections in fractionating column system 1 in Fig. 6, and the Ith section has the rise of liquid pressure for vaporization, but actually still
It is externally being vented, the IIth section does not have liquid, and gas raises temperature with pearlife in tower, and volume slowly expands, and pressure is also
Raised, simply slope is smaller, but actually still represents that liquid evaporation is complete at externally exhaust (gas leakage), D, possible fractionating column
1 actual pressure of system is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure (atmospheric pressure is shown in dotted line a in Fig. 3), this stage can shut oxygen control valve, nitrogen
Gas control valve and dirty nitrogen control valve, avoid humid air from entering as far as possible.As shown in fig. 6, the either the Ith, the IIth section, pressure begins
It is more than atmospheric pressure P0 eventually, negative pressure will not be caused.
The air-separating plant includes some high-purity nitrogen plants, oxygen nitrogen double high equipment, three high equipment of oxygen nitrogen and argon, rare gas
Extracting section or full extraction equipment.The control method of the air-separating plant the intermittent outage long period (it is general 48 it is small when with
On) when, the liquid that when shutdown is not emptied in fractionating column keeps micro-positive pressure by its natural evaporation, shut down or start before system is not required
Heating is thawed, and is shut down the long period suitable for cryogenic air separation plant of the front end with molecular sieve adsorber 4 but is not taken off pearlife inspection
The occasion repaiied.
In one particular embodiment of the present invention, for a 6500m3/ h air separation equipments, the space division when shutting down
Device drain does not heat, and also in upper Ta Neiliu, a small amount of liquid makes its natural evaporation, and the basic evaporative light of liquid (does not have after about 8 days
It is evaporated 1 temperature of fractionating column system substantially not rise, is evaporated 1 temperature of aftercut Tower System and begins to ramp up, as shown in Figure 5),
Liquid evaporation also results in the decline of main heat exchanger middle portion temperature, and hot junction is perspired frosting on a small quantity.When restarting after by 26 days, only to being
System purge within more than 0.5 hours, all devices is not warmed to room temperature completely, when purging terminates to open turbo-expander
For argon column temperature also -30 DEG C or so (argon column is generally relatively difficult to heat), air-separating plant start cools speed also faster,
Hydrops terminates after stopping an expanding machine, and main heat exchanger middle portion temperature is also normal quickly, and air-separating plant is running all just afterwards
Often.
The time of 0.5h is only purged, first, because the equipment of molecular sieve flow molecular sieve adsorber in running before itself
4 is completely normal, goes out that the carbon dioxide equal size of absorber is very low, and in addition main heat exchanger resistance does not also raise, as long as system is not
There is negative suction, humid air will not go deep into system；Second is that even if in product pipe (oxygen output tube line, the nitrogen efferent duct to backflow
Line and dirty nitrogen export pipeline) nozzle freeze have a small amount of moisture, after purging even normal boot-strap is restarted, go out from product pipe
The gas not only low pressure drying re-heat room temperature again that backflows come, can take away moisture removing.If it on the contrary, is heated after drain
If, cause negative suction, humid air enters, just more thorough heating purging of required long period when restarting, experience need compared with
Thoroughly to heat again, 10h~12h is generally wanted, causes energy waste (a set of 6500m instead3Add up to before and after/h air separation plants
Heat about 150,000 KWh of 34h power consumptions).
Even if causing to move outside cold when raffinate evaporates in tower, export to form certain low temperature in product pipe, at most also only can
In product pipe exit, inner wall condenses minute quantity humid air, will not enter in equipment, these moisture pass through in the gas that backflows of driving
It is just to be blown down.
In conclusion the control method of air-separating plant provided in an embodiment of the present invention, when shutting down, close compressor
3 and molecular sieve adsorber 4 so that fractionating column system 1 does not heat, and fractionating column system 1 and pearlife is made to exchange heat and temperature raises, into
And the pressure in fractionating column system 1 is caused not less than atmospheric pressure, negative suction will not to be caused, and then extraneous humid air cannot be introduced into fractionation
Tower System 1 avoids heating aftercut Tower System 1 from being reduced with 1 temperature of fractionating column system caused by pearlife heat exchange, and then causes
Fractionating column system 1 there is negative inhale.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " multiple " refer to two or two with
On；Unless otherwise prescribed or illustrate, term " connection ", " fixation " etc. should all be interpreted broadly, for example, " connection " can be fixed
It connects or is detachably connected or is integrally connected or be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, intermediate matchmaker can also be passed through
Jie is indirectly connected.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood in the present invention as the case may be
In concrete meaning.
In the description of this specification, it is to be understood that the instructions such as term " on ", " under ", "front", "rear", "left", "right"
Orientation or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, be for only for ease of the description present invention and simplification retouched
It states rather than indicates or imply signified device or unit must have specific direction, with specific azimuth configuration and operation,
It is thus impossible to it is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In the description of this specification, the description of term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " specific embodiment " etc.
Mean to combine at least one reality that the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics that the embodiment or example describe are contained in the present invention
It applies in example or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms is not necessarily referring to identical embodiment or reality
Example.Moreover, description particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics can in any one or more embodiments or example with
Suitable mode combines.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of control method of air-separating plant, the air-separating plant includes ice chest, point in the ice chest
It evaporates Tower System, the thermal insulation material being filled in the ice chest, compressor and is connected to the compressor and the fractionating column system
Between molecular sieve adsorber, the fractionating column system include Shang Ta, lower tower and be connected between the upper tower and the lower tower,
And the main condenser evaporator being connected with the upper tower, which is characterized in that including：
When the air-separating plant is shut down, the compressor and the molecular sieve adsorber is controlled to close, not to the fractionation
Tower System carries out heat treatment, so that the temperature of the fractionating column system is not higher than the temperature of the thermal insulation material.
2. the control method of air-separating plant according to claim 1, which is characterized in that further include：
Before the air-separating plant is shut down, the air-separating plant is controlled to discharge the partially liq in the upper tower, side by side
Go out the liquid in the lower tower.
3. the control method of air-separating plant according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
The liquid level that the liquid left in the upper tower accounts for the main condenser evaporator is evaporated less than or equal to the main condenser
25 the percent of device normal level.
4. the control method of air-separating plant according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
The liquid level that the liquid left in the upper tower accounts for the main condenser evaporator is normal equal to the main condenser evaporator
The 1 15 of liquid level.
5. the control method of air-separating plant according to any one of claim 2 to 4, which is characterized in that
Output of products pipeline is connected on the upper tower, the output of products pipeline is equipped with control valve, the air separation dress
The control method put further includes：Before the liquid evaporating completely left in the upper tower, the control valve is controlled to adjust
Aperture, so that the pressure in the fractionating column system is not less than atmospheric pressure.
6. the control method of air-separating plant according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
The output of products pipeline includes oxygen output tube line, nitrogen export pipeline and dirty nitrogen export pipeline；
The control valve includes the oxygen control valve being arranged on the oxygen output tube line, is arranged on the nitrogen export pipeline
On nitrogen gas control valve and the dirty nitrogen control valve that is arranged on the dirty nitrogen export pipeline.
7. the control method of air-separating plant according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
The molecular sieve adsorber is connected with the dirty nitrogen export pipeline, and the molecular sieve adsorber is exported with the dirty nitrogen
In the connecting pipeline of pipeline, in the connecting pipeline of the molecular sieve adsorber and the compressor, the molecular sieve adsorber with
Valve is both provided in the connecting pipeline of the fractionating column system, the control method of the air-separating plant further includes：Institute
Before stating the liquid evaporating completely left in tower, the valve is controlled to close.
8. the control method of air-separating plant according to claim 5, which is characterized in that further include：
After the liquid evaporating completely left in the upper tower, the control valve is controlled to close.
9. the control method of air-separating plant according to any one of claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that further include：
Before the air-separating plant is started shooting again, the compressor and the molecular sieve adsorber is controlled to open, with to described
Fractionating column system carries out heat treatment.
10. the control method of air-separating plant according to any one of claim 1 to 4, which is characterized in that
The thermal insulation material is pearlife.
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| CN109163505A (en) * | 2018-07-14 | 2019-01-08 | 宁波高新区诠宝绶新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of air separation equipment of use heat-barrier material containing europium |
| CN110608583A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-24 | 北京首钢股份有限公司 | Pressure control method and device |
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| CN108072234B (en) | 2020-03-06 |
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